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General Sources
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Welcome to the Center for History and New Media
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Chow Chi Leong's Homepage - HISTORY RESOURCES
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HISTORY
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The History Data Service
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History Online Project
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TheHistoryNet - Where History Lives on the Web
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The History Place
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The History Ring
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HistoryChannel Tours
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History:¡@History Active
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History/Social Studies Web Site for K-12 Teachers
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Kam-Leung So's Homepage
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Reynolds Historical Library, UAB
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SCORE History/Social Science
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WWW services for historians
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Yahoo! Search Results
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Yahoo! Arts:Humanities:History:19th Century:Industrial Revolution
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Yahoo! Arts_and_Humanities:Humanities:History
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Asian Studies Association of Australia, Inc.
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The American Historical Association
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The Association for Asian Studies
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The Great War Society 1914-1918
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The Historical Society Page( ¾ú ¥v ¾Ç ·| ªí )
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Institute of Modern History
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The Historical Society Page
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The Needham Research Institute
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Research Institute for the Humanitites - History
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Britannica Internet Guide--history(by Encyclopaedia Britannica)
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Yahoo! - Arts:Humanities:History
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ArchNet: WWW VL - Archaeology
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The Ancient World Web: The Ultimate Index of All Things Ancient
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BARD: Bodleian Access to Remote Databases
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Gateway to World History
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History Departments Around the World( ¥@ ¬É ¥v ¨t Á` ªí )
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Humanities HUB - History
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History Computerization Project
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Index of Resources for Historians
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'MEGA' Index of History Research Sites...
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Web Sites for the History Profession
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Asian Studies WWW Virtual Library
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Council on East Asian Libraries (CEAL)
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East Asia History Archives
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The East Asian Libraries Cooperative World-Wide Web
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H-ASIA WWW SITE
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Selected Humanities & Social Science Resources on the Internet
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CataList, the official catalog of LISTSERV lists
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H-Net Search
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9 Online:Today in History
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Discovery Online-Civilization Channel
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The History Channel:A&E Television Networks
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History Channel
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The History Channel UK
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History for Kids
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History Quiz Show
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K-12 History Internet Guide
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Lesson Plans
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¤¤ °ê ¾ú ¥v ¦~ ªí A Chronology of Chinese History
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About Ming Studies
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A Brief History of China
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A Brief History of Hong Hong
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Brooklyn College Core 9: Chinese Culture Page
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China - History
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China Bibliography
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China the Beautiful
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China the Beautiful - Portraits of Emperors
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China5K Pro Home Page
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CHINESE HISTORY
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Classical Historiography for Chinese History
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Comic On Web
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Condensed China: Chinese History for Beginners
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Condensed China: Chinese History for Beginners
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Early Canons in Translation
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Exploring Ancient World Cultures: China
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Fairbank Chinese History Virtual Library: Rob Gray
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History of China
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IRWeb: The Industrial Revolution
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Modern Chinese History: A Basic Bibliography
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Norman's Cyber Classroom
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People's Republic of China
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The Rise and Fall of Great Chinese Empire
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TREATY PORTS & EXTRATERRITORIALITY IN EARLY 20th CENTURY CHINA
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W3C/Vienna University - Internet Guide for China Studies
¥@ ¬É ¥v / Western Civilizations
I. The Dawn of History
Timelines
- First cities in Mesopotamia (c. 4000-c. 3200)
-
Early Jericho
-
Three images of reconstructions of ancient Ur.
-
Archaeological article on Nippur
-
Gudea of Lagash
- Sumerian cuneiform writing (c. 3500-c. 2500)
-
Cuneiform writing
- Potters wheel in Sumeria (c. 3400)
-
An essay on art in ancient Greece that includes some discussion of the potter's wheel;
-
An essay on ancient technology
- Supremacy of Sumerian cities in Mesopotamia (c. 3200-c. 2335)
-
Some general information about Sumeria
-
The Sumerian mythology FAQ
- Sumerian temple architecture (c. 3200-c. 2000)
-
A general survey of Sumeria
-
An aerial photo of the ruins
- Unification of Egypt (c. 3100)
-
"Faces of the Pharoahs"
- Egyptian hieroglyphic writing (c. 3100)
-
A class project on Hieroglyphs which covers different aspects of the writing system.
- Archaic period in Egypt (c. 3100-c. 2680)
-
Egypt
- Old Kingdom in Egypt (c. 2680-c. 2200)
-
Mankato State University
-
Short article by Richard Hooker
- Construction of first pyramid in Egypt (c. 2670)
-
The oldest pyramid is at Saqqara (Zoser)
- Dominance of Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia (2335-c. 2130)
-
A few short paragraphs
-
Akkadian language
- Sumerian revival (c. 2130-c. 2000)
This general survey
-
A fairly detailed discussion of Sumerian mythology and religion.
- Middle Kingdom in Egypt (c. 2050-1786)
-
Account of Nubia and Egypt during the era of the Middle Kingdom.
-
Very extensive collection of pictures of the Nile River valley and its artefacts.
-
Short article by Richard Hooker
- Minoan worship of mother goddess (c. 2000)
A brief discussion of Minoan religion
- Height of Minoan civilization under leadership of Knossos (c. 2000-c. 1500)
-
A visual tour of the palace ruins
-
Color images of the palace
-
One more visual tour
- Growth of personal religion in Mesopotamia (c. 2000-c. 1600)
-
The Assyro-Babylonian Mythology FAQ
- Mathematical advances in Old Babylonia (c. 2000-c. 1800)
-
A nice example of the development of algebra in Babylonia.
- Minoan art on Crete (c. 2000-c. 1500)
-
A very good textual description of styles of Minoan art
-
Richard Hooker's excellent and very readable treatment of Minoan art
- Epic of Gilgamesh (c. 1900)
-
An essay by Arthur A. Brown on the meaning of the epic.
-
An exerpt from the epic
-
One part of the epic concerns a flood that covers the world
-
The complete epic
- Egyptian belief in personal immortality (c. 1800)
The Egyptian Book of the Dead
- Code of Hammurabi (c. 1790)
-
The complete Code
- Mycenaean civilization on mainland Greece (c. 1600-c. 1200)
-
Short essays on the Mycenaeans and their religion
-
Tour of the ruins at Mycenae
- New Kingdom in Egypt (c. 1560-1087)
-
Time/Life article on the KV5 tomb
-
A short history of the period
-
Another historical narrative of the period
- Egyptian temple architecture (c. 1580-c. 1090)
-
Architecture
-
The PBS series NOVA has an excellent and detailed site on Giza
-
A long article on the major pyramids
- Hittite Empire in Asia Minor (c. 1450-c. 1300)
-
A useful and detailed essay on the Hittites
- Religious revolution of Akhenaton (c. 1375)
-
The Royal Hymn of Akhenaton
- Naturalistic art in Egypt under Akhenaton (c. 1375)
- The Egyptian Museum in Cairo
- In Egypt, use of papyrus, pen, and ink for writing (c. 1300)<
-
Image of the papyrus plant
-
Duke University has an excellent collection of papyri
-
"Writing in Egypt under Greek and Roman Rule"
- Trojan War (c. 1250)
-
The complete Samuel Butler translation
-
Papyrus fragment
-
A study guide for a course at Temple University
- First alphabetic system of writing developed by Phoenicians (c. 1100)
-
Some background on the Phoenicians as a people
- Unified Hebrew monarchy under Saul, David, and Solomon (c. 1025-933)
-
A general account of the Israelite monarchies
- Kingdom of Israel (933-722)
-
The official version
-
Israel
-
Richard Hooker has a short summary of Israel in the age of the patriarchs
- Kingdom of Judah (933-586)
-
Map of the region.
-
General history of the city of Jerusalem
- Height of Assyrian Empire (c. 750-612)
-
A brief account of the Assyrian Empire
- Hebrew prophetic revolution (c. 750-c. 550)
-
Article on prophets
- Hebrew ethical commandments (c. 600)
-
A short article from the Catholic Encyclopedia
- Deuteronomic Code (c. 600)
-
The complete book of Deuteronomy
- Nebuchadnezzar conquers Jerusalem (586)
-
The complete text of an inscription
-
The king's famous hanging gardens in Babylon
- Hebrew Song of Songs (c. 450)
-
An excellent scholarly site
-
A "study Bible"
-
A history of the Song
- Book of Job (c. 400)
-
From the World Wide Study Bible
1. From the Ice Age to the Earliest Cities
- Deciphering Ancient Civilizations
- Decryption of the Rosetta Stone
-
The Rosetta Stone
- The Epic of Gilgamesh
-
Gilgamesh
- Mesopotamia and the Bible
-
Sumerian Mythology FAQ
- Genesis, Chapters 6-9
-
Genesis
- "Hymn to the Sun"
-
Psalm to the Blessed Aton,
-
Psalm 104
- The Egyptian Book of the Dead
-
The Negative Confession
- Code of Hammurabi
-
The Code of Hammurabi
- Deuteronomy
- Howard Carter
-
Personal Profile
- The Tomb of Tutankhamen
-
The tomb of Tutankhamen, located just a few yards from the great tomb of Ramesses VI
- Political Change and Cultural Continuity in Eshnunna from the Ur III to the Old Babylonian Period
-
A Dissertation Proposal
- An Outline of the Iraq Expedition
-
Diyala Operations
- Mummies and Magic
-
Cairo Museum
-
The Book of the Dead
-
Brooklyn Museum
-
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
-
Nefertari, Light of Egypt
-
University of Chicago's Oriental Institute
-
Royal Mummies
-
Mummification
-
Modern Egyptian Ritual Magick
-
University of Memphis
-
Tour of the Temple of Abu Simbel
-
KMT (Modern Egyptology)
-
CyberMummy
-
Smithsonian
-
Herodotus
-
Summum Mummification
-
Mummy
-
3D imaging
-
3D Reconstruction
-
Thomas Pearcy, Ph.D
-
Mary Dickson
- The Darkness, the Water, and Breath: Ancient Birth of the World Mythology
-
Enuma Elish
-
Grimoire
-
St. Joseph's University
-
From Primitives to Zen
-
Native American
-
African
-
Egyptian
-
Indian
-
Mayan
2. Mesopotamian civilization
- Deciphering Ancient Civilizations
- Mummies and Magic
- The Darkness, the Water, and Breath: Ancient Birth of the World Mythology
- The Code of Hammurabi
- S. N. Kramer: Ethical Concepts in Sumerian Religion
3. Egyptian civilization
- The Book of the Dead
- Royal Hymn of Akhenaton
- Kurt Mendelssohn: The Riddle of Pyramids
4. The Hebrew and Early Greek civilizations
- Hebrew Piety, Philosophy, and the Prophetic Revolution
- Genesis
II. The Classical Civilizations of Greece and Rome
Timelines
- Dark Ages of Greek history (1500 - 800 BCE)
-
Thomas Martin's essay
-
An essay
- Beginning of city-states in Greece (c. 800)
-
"The Archaic Age and the Rise of the Polis"
- Greek alphabet (c. 800 - c. 700)
-
The Greek alphabet
- Rome founded (c. 753)
-
A primarily architectural site
- Illiad and Odyssey (c. 750)
-
The Iliad
-
The Odyssey
-
Troy
-
The Iliad
-
A study guide for
-
The Mythological Background of Homer's
-
Homeric Society
-
Homeric Gods
- Greek overseas expansion (c. 750 - c. 600)
-
A series of maps
- Shift from cavalry to infantry in Greece (c. 650)
-
Annotated bibliography
-
An essay on hoplites
- Doric architectural style (c. 650 - c. 500)
-
This essay
- Zoroaster formulates Zoroastrian religion in Persia (c. 625)
-
FAQ
- Thales of Miletus (c. 600)
-
A short biography
-
A similar work
-
Thales' position in ancient Greek philosophy
- Invention of coinage by Lydians (c. 600)
-
It's Corinth, not Lydia
-
A short entry on the subject
- Reforms of Solon of Athens (594)
-
A study guide page
-
Early Athenian Institutions
-
Lives
- Pythagoras (c. 530)
-
Pythagoras
- Sappho (c. 550)
-
A detailed bibliographical list on Sappho
-
Sappho
- Aeschylus (525-456)
-
The complete works
-
A general discussion of Greek tragedy
-
detailed information about Aeschylus himself and his plays
- Reforms of Cleisthenes in Athens (508)
-
Cleisthenes' actions in Athens
-
Cleisthenes' banishment and return
- Establishment of Roman Republic (c. 500)
-
Information about the Roman army
- Phidias (c. 500 - c. 432)
-
Phidias' work
- Sophocles (496 - 406)
-
The complete works of Sophocles
-
A biography, discussion, and bibliography
-
A literary analysis of Sophocles
- Greco-Persian War (490 - 479)
-
A twenty-two page essay
- Protagoras (c. 490 - c. 420)
-
Biographic sketch
- Perfection of Athenian democracy (487 - 429)
-
Plutarch's biography of Pericles
-
Pericles' funeral oration
- Herodotus (c. 484 - c. 420)
-
The Persian Wars
-
A study guide
-
An excellent extended discussion of Herodotus
- Euripides (480 - 406)
-
Biography, commentary, links and bibliography
-
The complete works of Euripides
- Thucydides (c. 470 - c. 400)
-
History of the Peloponnesian War
- Socrates (469 - 399)
-
This review essay of a book on Socrates' trial
-
Socrates' last days
- Hippocrates (460 - c. 377)
-
Some information about Greek medicine
-
His complete works
- Democritus (c. 460 - c. 362)
-
Short biography
- The Sophists (c. 450 - c. 400)
-
An essay on the Sophists
-
An article on the Sophists
-
Gorgias
- Aristophanes (c. 448 - c. 380)
-
His complete works.
-
A short discussion of Aristophanes
-
The Clouds
- The Parthenon (447 - 438)
-
Athens
- Peloponnesian War (431 - 404)
-
A seventeen page essay
-
The Peloponnesian War
- Plato (429 - 404)
-
A short biography of Plato
-
The philosopher's complete works
-
A detailed examination of Plato.
- Aristotle (384 - 322)
-
His complete works
-
A brief biography and summary
-
Another biography
- Praxiteles (c. 370 - c. 310)
-
Some samples of his sculpture
- Epicurus (342 - 270)
-
A biography
- Macedonian conquest of Greece (338)
-
An outline of lecture notes
-
Two pages on Philip II
- Conquests of Alexander the Great (334 - 323)
-
A sixteen page essay
-
Plutarch's biography of Alexander.
- Division of Alexander's empire (323)
-
Book 12 of Josephus'
- Euclid (c. 323 - 285)
-
Euclid and his mathematics
- Zeno the Stoic (c. 320 - c. 250)
-
Entry on Stoicism
-
Entry on Stoicism
-
Some of Zeno's paradoxes
- Aristarchus (310 - 230)
-
Some illustrations
-
A short biography
- Hellenistic international trade and growth of large cities (c. 300 BCE - c. 100 CE)
- Emergence of Mithraism (c. 300)
-
A readable description with a good bibliography
- Archimedes (c. 287 - 212)
-
"Greek Science After Aristotle"
-
A short biography, a lengthy bibliography, and illustrations
- Eratosthanes (c. 276 - c. 195)
- Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage (264 - 146)
-
An 18-page essay
-
A page by Christine Renaud with an outstanding collection of illustrations
- Growth of slavery, decline of small farmer in Rome (c. 250 - 100)
- Oriental mystery cults in Rome (c. 250 - 50)
-
An outline of Roman religion
-
A Senatorial decree against the Bacchus cult
-
inscriptions from the shrine of Asclepius,
-
inscriptions from the tomb of Paulina
- Herophilus (c. 220 - c. 150)
-
Article on Skepticism
-
A longer, detailed discussion
- Destruction of Carthage by Romans in Third Punic War (146)
-
Some history of Carthage
- Introduction of Greek philosophy into Rome (c. 140 - c. 60)
- Reforms of the Gracchi (133 - 121)
-
An essay
-
Tiberius Gracchus
-
Several pages on the Gracchi
- Cicero (106 - 43)
-
Plutarch's biography of Cicero
-
His complete works
- Lucretius (98 - 55)
-
Lucretius and his works
-
"On the Nature of Things"
- Virgil (70 - 19)
-
His complete works
-
A biography of Virgil by Aelius Donatus
- Horace (65 - 8)
-
Some of Horace's odes
- Livy (59 BCE - 17 CE)
-
A concise introduction to Livy and his works
- Dictatorship of Julius Caesar (46 - 44)
-
Julius Caesar
-
The complete works of Julius Caesar
- Ovid (c. 43 BCE - 17 CE)
-
A collection of Ovid'smanuscripts
- Seneca (34 BCE - 65 CE)
- Principate of Augustus Caesar (27 BCE - 14 CE)
-
Julio-Claudian emperors
-
his Roman Revolution essay, pages 31-39,
-
Images from Augustan Rome
-
The battle of Actium
- Spread of Mithraism in Rome (27 BCE - 270 CE)
- The Crucifixion (c. 30)
- St. Paul's missionary work (c. 35 - c. 67)
-
A brief biography of his life
- Tacitus (c. 55 - c. 117)
-
The Works
-
Germania
- The Colosseum (c. 80)
-
A lot of pictures
- "Five good emperors" in Rome (96 - 180)
- Decline of slavery in Rome (c. 120 - c. 476)
-
"Slavery in the Roman Empire, Numbers and Origins"
-
This class syllabus page
- The Pantheon (c. 120)
- Height of Roman portrait statuary (c. 120 - c. 250)
- Marcus Aurelius (121 - 180)
-
The complete
- Galen (130 - c. 200)
-
Exhortation to the Study of the Arts, Especially Medicine
-
On Diagnosis in Dreams
-
On the Natural Faculties
- Beginning of toleration of Christians in the Roman Empire (311)
- Completion of Roman jurispruence by great jurists (c. 200)
- Growth of serfdom in Rome (c. 200 - 500)
- Sharp economic contraction in Rome (c. 200 - c. 300)
- Conversion of Constantine (312)
-
Eusebius' famous account
- Plotinus (c. 204 - 270)
-
A brief biography
-
The Six Enneads
-
Plotinus
-
Neoplatonism
- Civil war in Roman Empire (235 - 284)
- Diocletian (284 - 305)
-
An excellent essay on Diocletian
-
Diocletian's palace at Split
-
photos of the city today
- Constantine I (306 - 395)
-
The celebration of Easter
-
Laws issued by Constantine
-
A short essay on Constantine
- St. Augustine (354 - 430)
-
Augustine's
-
Augustine's collected letters (all 250 of them) and his
-
A selection of sermons, letters and excerpts
- Theodosius I (379 - 395)
-
A short biography
- Christianity made Roman religion (392)
-
"The Demise of Paganism"
- Visigoths sack Rome (410)
- Deposition of last Western Roman emperor (476)
-
Two very short essays on the "last Roman emperor"
-
An excellent essay on the military aspects of the late Empire
-
The Worlds of Late Antiquity site
- Boethius (c. 480 - 524)
-
Consolation of Philosophy
-
A short biography of Boethius
- Theodoric the Ostrogoth King of Italy (493 - 526)
-
Steven Muhlberger's essay
-
Some brief letters
- Benedictine monastic rule (c. 520)
-
The Rules
-
Benedict of Nursia
-
The monastery of Monte Cassino's web site
-
The Order of Saint Benedict's web site
-
A history of Benedict and the early years of monasticism
- Justinian (527 - 565)
-
Two pages on Justinian
-
Another treatment of Justinian
-
An exerpt from Procopius
-
Nika Revolt
-
Secret History
- Corpus of Roman law (c. 550)
-
Corpus Iuris Civilis
5. Greek Civilization
- The Decline of Rome
-
Summary of Various Theories about Rome's Decline
-
Augustus: Images of Power
-
Tacitus (55?-117? C.E), Germania
-
Petronius (d. 66 C.E.), The Satyricon
-
The Tetrarchs
-
Augustine (354-430 C.E.), The City of God
-
Augustine, Confessions
- St. Jerome (340?-420? C.E.), Letters
-
LETTER CXXVII
-
LETTER CXXVIII
-
Augustine (354-430 C.E.), The City of God
-
Augustine, Confessions
-
Ausonius (310?-394? C.E.)
-
Sidonius Apollinaris (431?-489? C. E.), Letters
-
Edward Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
- Hadrian’s Wall
-
Introduction
-
About the Wall
-
Photograph
-
Roman Art from the Late Empire
-
Arch of Constantine
- The Rise of the Christians
-
Gospel According to Matthew: Beatitudes, Chapter 5
-
Letter of St. Paul to the Galatians, 3:28
-
Tertullian, Apology
-
Minucius Felix. Octavius
-
Diocletian. Edicts against the Christians
-
Eusebius: The Conversion of Constantine
-
Galerius and Constantine: Edicts of Toleration
-
Theodosian Code: Banning of Other Religions
-
Nicene Creed
-
Tomb of Junius Bassus
-
Gelasius I on Spiritual and Temporal Power
-
Dead Sea Scrolls
-
Gnostic Gospels
-
Pliny on the Christians and Trajan’s
-
Tacitus's Annals
6. Hellenistic Civilization
- Plutarch: The Last Days of Alexander
- The Stoic Philosophy: As described by Diogenes Laertus
7. Roman Civilization
- The Decline of Rome
- Plutarch: A Roman of the Old School
- Marcus Aurelius: Late Roman Stoicism
8. Christianity and the Transformation of the Roman World
- The Rise of the Christians
- Sermon on the Mount (Early Christianity)
- The Theology of Paul
- The Political Theory of Paul
- The Rule of St. Benedictine
- Confessions
III.The Middle Ages
Timelines
- Byzantine church of Santa Sophia (532-537)
-
Hagia Sophia
-
Patriarchate of Constantinople's offical home page.
- Muhammad (c. 570 - 632)
-
One of several Islamic student organizations.
- Pope Gregory I (590-604)
-
A brief sketch of Gregory's pontificate
-
From "The Lives of the Saints,"
- Byzantine emperor Heraclius (610-641)
-
The wars of Heraclius
-
A detailed essay on Heraclius
-
A 15th century painting
- Muhammad enters Mecca in triumph (630)
- Arab Muslims conquer Syria, Persia, and Egypt (636-651)
-
This site concentrates on the first four caliphs
- Umayyad dynasty in Islam (661-750)
-
A brief essay
- Muslims conquer Spain (711)
-
"The Caliphate in the West"
-
An art and architecture collection
- Muslim attack on Constantinople repulsed (717)
- Height of Islamic commerce and industry (c. 700-c. 1300)
-
Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam
- Missionary work of St. Boniface in Germany (c. 715-754)
-
Three brief 8th century documents
-
An excerpt
-
A reliable account
- Charles Martel defeats Muslims at Tours (732)
-
Biographical entry
-
A letter
- Predominantly agrarian economy in the West (c. 700-c. 1050)
- Iconoclasm in Byzantine Empire (726-843)
-
An informative article
-
Paul Halsall's Byzantine Gallery
- The Venerable Bede (d. 735)
-
A photograph
-
A biography, with footnotes
-
A biography
-
Bede's World
-
Excerpts
-
Life and Miracles of St. Cuthbert
-
The Lives of the Holy Abbots of Weremouth and Jarrow
- Abbasid dynasty in Islam (750-1258)
- Irish Book of Kells (c. 750)
-
Currently the best single site on the
- Pepin the Short anointed king of the Franks (751)
-
A general account
- Charlemagne (768-814)
-
Excerpts
-
A detailed essay
-
A long article
- Charlemagne crowned emperor (800)
-
A letter
-
Samples of imperial capitularies
- Carolingian Renaissance (c. 800-c. 850)
-
An article
- Height of Byzantine commerce and industry (c. 800-c. 1000)
- Height of Islamic philosophy (c. 850-1200)
- Carolingian empire disintegrates (c. 850-911)
- Alfred the Great of England (871-911)
-
Short biography
-
Life of King Alfred
-
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
- High point of Viking raids in Europe (c. 880-911)
-
About Sigtuna
-
Pictures with explanations
-
A general article
-
Cormac's saga
-
Njal's Saga
-
Grettir's Saga
-
Heimskringla
-
An article
- Foundation of Cluny (910)
-
A translation
-
This entry
- Otto the Great of Germany (936-973)
- Foundation of Kievan state (c. 950)
-
A description
- Al-Farabi (d. 950)
-
A short account
-
Paul Halsall
- Byzantine conversion of Russia (c. 988)
-
The Russian Primary Chronicle
- Destruction of Byzantine free peasantry (c. 1025-c. 1100)
- Romanesque style in architecture and art (c. 1000-c. 1200)
-
Four examples
-
Linked pages
- Avicenna (d. 1037)
-
A biography
-
A brief biography and discussion
-
A highly detailed biography
- Beginning of reform papacy (1046)
-
Dictatus papae
-
A short statement
-
Excerpts
- Agricultural advance, revival of towns and trade in the West (c. 1050-c. 1300)
-
"A Brief Excursion into Three Agricultural Revolutions"
-
This page
- Schism between Roman and Eastern Orthodox Churches (1054)
-
A brief overview
- College of Cardinals assumes sole power to choose new popes (1059)
- Norman Conquest of England (1066)
-
A biographic sketch
-
The Laws of William the Conqueror
-
The Bayeux Tapestry
- Seljuk Turks defeat Byzantines at Manzikert (1071)
-
A detailed discussion
- Pope Gregory VII (1073-1085)
-
A complete biography
- Penance of Henry IV of Germany at Canossa (1077)
-
A picture and general history
- Peter Abelard (1079-1142)
-
A biography
-
The Story of My Misfortunes
-
A summary
- St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153)
-
Excerpt from an 1125 tract
-
In Praise of the New Knighthood
-
On Loving God
-
A biography
- First Crusade (1095-1099)
-
A long essay
-
Ekkehard
-
Fulcher of Chartres
-
Fulcher's account
- Song of Roland (c. 1095)
-
Excerpts
- Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
-
A site
-
An excerpt
-
Lyrics
- Origins of universities in the West (c. 1100-c. 1300)
- Troubador poetry (c. 1100-c. 1220)
-
An article
- Henry I of England (1100-1135)
-
A biographic sketch
- Louis VI of France (1108-1137)
- Height of Cistercian monasticism (c. 1115-c. 1153)
-
An entry
- Rubaiyat of Umar Khayyam (c. 1120)
-
Selections
-
A marvelous slide show
- Concordat of Worms ends investiture struggle (1122)
-
One document
-
The provisions
- Gothic style in architecture and art (c. 1150-c. 1500)
-
A cathedral
-
Durham Cathedral
-
The Amiens Cathedral Project
-
The cathedral of Chartres
- Translation of Aristotle's works into Latin (c. 1140-c. 1260)
- Frederick I Barbarossa of Germany (1152-1190)
-
Five letters
-
A brief biography
- Henry II of England (1154-1189)
-
A biographical sketch
- Peter Lombard's Sentences (c. 1155-1157)
-
Biographical sketch and a discussion
-
The list of errors
- Poetry of Chrétien de Troyes (c. 1165-c. 1190)
- Robert Grosseteste (c. 1168-1253)
- Windmill invented (c. 1170)
- Philip Augustus of France (1180-1223)
-
Paris during the time of Philip II
-
"Paris: Urban Sanitation before the 20th Century"
- Crusaders lose Jerusalem to Saladin (1187)
-
An account
-
An account
- Averroës (d. 1198)
-
A short biography with bibliography
- Pope Innocent III (1198-1216)
-
"Sermon for the Resurrection of the Lord,"
-
"Constitution for the Jews."
-
Innocent's proclamation
- Wolfram von Eschenbach (c. 1200
- Decline of serfdom in western Europe (c. 1200-1300)
- Constantinople taken in the Fourth Crusade (1204)
-
A thirteen page lecture
- Maimonides (d. 1204)
-
The Thirteen Principles and the Resurrection of the Dead
- Venetian and Genoan trading outposts in Byzantine territories (c. 1204-)
- Albigensian Crusade (1208-1213)
- Founding of Franciscan Order (1210)
-
A description
-
Excerpts only
-
The Franciscans home page
- Gottfried von Strassburg (c. 1210)
- Spanish victory of Muslims at Las Navas de Tolosa (1212)
- Frederick II of Germany and Sicily (1212-1250)
-
An account
-
Some photos
-
A short passage
-
The Statute in Favor of the Princes, 1231
-
A short history, with pictures
- Roger Bacon (c. 1214-1294)
-
Some selections
- Magna Carta (1215)
-
The full text only
-
The original
- Fourth Lateran Council (1215)
-
The text
-
Other canons
- Founding of Dominican Order (1216)
-
The Nine Ways of Prayer of St. Dominic
-
Biography
- St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
-
A full biography and discussion
-
"Tips on Reading Thomas Aquinas"
-
Some short selections
-
The full text
- Louis IX of France (1226-1270)
-
Louis' letter
-
An account
- Height of Scholasticism (c. 1250-c. 1277
-
Scholasticism
-
An article
- Persian poetry of Sadi (c. 1250)
- Romance of the Rose (c. 1270)
- Edward I of England (1272-1307)
-
A biographical sketch
- Philip IV of France (1285-1314)
- William of Ockham (c. 1285-1349)
-
An article
- Mechanical clock invented (c. 1290)
-
A History of Timekeeping
- Fall of last Christian outpost in Holy Land (1291)
-
A recounting
- Pope Boniface VIII (1294-1303)
-
The text
-
Unam sanctam
- Master Eckhart (c. 1300-c. 1327)
- European economic depression (c. 1300-c. 1450)
- Magnetic compass invented (c. 1300)
- Babylonian Captivity of papacy (1305-1378)
-
A lecture
- Paintings of Giotto (c. 1305-1337)
-
Good biography
-
The Web Gallery of Art
- Dante's Divine Comedy (c. 1310)
-
His complete works, his biography, images, links, and more
- Floods throughout Western Europe (1315)
- Hundred Years' War (1337-1453)<
-
A collection of descriptions
-
A succinct overview
- Height of nominalism (c. 1320-c. 1500)
-
An essay
- John Wyclif (c. 1330-1384)
- Black Death (1347-1350)
The progress of the plague in England in the 16th and 17th centuries
- Political chaos in Germany (c. 1350-c. 1450)
- Height of Hanseatic League (c. 1350-c. 1450)
-
A detailed essay
- Boccaccio's Decameron (c. 1350)
-
The complete text
- Persian poetry of Hafiz (c. 1370)
-
Three poems
- Great Schism of papacy (1378-1417))
-
A brief document
-
This document
- English Peasants' Revolt (1381)
-
An excerpt
- Chaucer's Canterbury Tales (c. 1390)
-
An outstanding site
- Medici Bank (1397-1494)
Some general comments
- Paintings of Jan van Eyck (c. 1400-c. 1441)
-
Several examples of his work plus a brief biographic sketch
-
A different, though overlapping, collection
- John Hus preaches in Bohemia (c. 1408-1415)
-
An article
-
the Hussites
-
Utraquism
- Council of Constance (1414-1417)
-
Sacrosancta
-
The decree
-
A list of eighteen abuses
-
All the sessions
- Hussite Revolt (1420-1434)
- Imitation of Christ (c. 1427)
-
The full text
-
Biography
- Activity of Joan of Arc (1429-1431)
-
Joan of Arc's letter
-
This article
- Council of Basel, defeat of conciliarism (1431-1449)
-
Entry on this Council
- Rise of princes in Germany (c. 1450-c. 1500)
-
Seven of the seventeen chapters of the Golden Bull
- Printing with movable type (c. 1450)
-
An oustanding essay
-
article on medieval manuscripts
- Capture of Constantinople by Ottoman Turks (1453)
-
This page
- Heavy artillery helps Turks capture Constantinople and French end Hundred Years' War (1453)
-
An photo (no text)
- Reassertion of royal power in France (c. 1453-c. 1513)<
-
A description
- Wars of the Roses in England (1455-1485)
-
Short sketches
-
Henry VI
-
Edward IV
-
Richard III
-
Henry VII
- Peace among northern Italian states (1454-1485)
- Ivan III lays groundwork for Russian Empire (1462-1505)
-
A couple paragraphs
- Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella (1469)
- Strong Tudor dynasty in England (1485-1603)
-
Biography
-
This is entire site
9. Rome's Three Heirs: The Byzantine, Islamic, and Early-Medieval Western World
- Medieval Life, Medieval Death
-
Medieval Sourcebook: Introduction
-
Dictionary of Medieval Terms
-
The Orb Encyclopedia
-
Illustrations at Orb
-
Catholic University NetSERF
-
Castles on the Web
-
Labyrinth
-
Justinian or Theodora
-
Historia Calamitatum
-
Women
-
Thomas Aquinas
-
marriage
-
Newly Translated Texts
-
Webworks
- Medieval Monks, Mystics, and Misfits
-
Athanasius of Alexandria, Life of St. Anthony
-
The Life of Daniel the Stylite
-
The Rule of St. Benedict
-
Gregory I (ca. 480-543), Second Dialogue: Life of St. Benedict
-
Abbot Suger (d. 1151), On What Was Done in His Administration
-
The Cistercians' Charta Caritatis
-
Twelfth Ecumenical Council: Lateran IV 1215
-
Fourth Lateran Council: Canon 3 on Heresy, 1215
-
The Conversion of Peter Waldo
-
The Testament of St. Francis
-
Bernard Gui, Inquisitor's Manual
-
Bernard Gui on the Albigensians
-
Cathar Rites: Traditio: Immersion in the Perfect Community, from the
-
Angelo Clareno on an Inquisitorial Torture Session
- Peter Abelard (1070-1142), Historia Calamitatum (The Story of My Misfortunes)
-
Extracts
-
Full text
-
Marguerite Porète, The Mirror of Simple Souls
-
The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179)
-
Na Prous Boneta
- Pursuit of the Millennium
-
Last Judgment
-
The Book of Revelation (The Apocalypse)
-
Matthew's Gospel, Chapter 24
- Augustine's The City of God
-
Book XVIII
-
Book XX
- Columbus
-
"Science, Religion, and Columbus's Enterprise of the Indies"
-
"Wallowing in a Theological Stupor or a Steadfast and Consuming Faith: Scholarly Encounters with Columbus'
-
'Libro de lasprofecias' "
-
"Reflections on the Coincidences of Christopher Columbus's 'Libro de Las Profecias' and the American Dream"
-
Richard Landes, Giants with Feet of Clay: On the Historiography of the Year 1000
-
Ralph Glaber, On the First Millennium
-
Beatus of Liébana, Apocalypse
- Tympanum at Conques: Last Judgment
-
Last Judgment Tympanum, Ste.-Foy, Conques, France
-
The tympanum of the Last Judgement
-
Hieronymus Bosch (ca. 1450-1516),
- Luca Signorelli (ca. 1441-1523), Last Judgment Signorelli's apocalyptic series is part of the decoration of the cathedral in Orvieto.
-
Last Judgment: Sermon and Deeds of the Antichrist
-
Blessed
-
Damned
-
Antichirst
-
Resurrection
-
Pope John Paul II, As the Third Millennium Draws Near
-
Center for Millennial Studies
-
Joachimites, Spiritual Franciscans, or Fraticelli
-
Peter John Olivi, Selections from the Apocalypse Commentary
-
Salimbene, On Frederick II
10. The High Middle Ages (1050-1300): Economic, Social, and Political Institutions
- Ceremonial Relationship Between Lord and Vassal
- Emancipation of a Serf
- The Magna Carta (Significant Provisions)
11. The High Middle Ages (1050-1300): Religious and Intellectual Developments
- Gregory VII on the Pope's Perogatives
- Letter to Gregory VII
- Dante on Monarchial Government
- Gregory VII: Conception of the Pope's Prerogatives
- Pope Urban II: Speech at the Council of Clermont
- The Rationalism of St. Thomas Aquinas
- Opus Majus
12. The Later Middle Ages (1300-1500)
- Thomas Kempis: "Of the Inward Life"
- Thomas Kempis: "Of Good Government" and "That a Man should not be Fretful in Matters of Business"
IV. The Early-Modern World
Timelines
- John Calvin
-
Biography of Calvin
-
Short biography
- Institutes of the Christian Religion
-
Book 1 (591k)
-
Book 2
-
Book 3 (1221k)
-
Book 4 (1206k)
-
On the Christian Life (from Book 3 of Institutes)
-
A portrait
- Ignatius Loyola
-
Spiritual Exercises
-
A portrait
- St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre<
-
An early description of the event
-
The Liturgical Year in Renaissance France
- Gustavus Adolphus
-
About his famous warship
-
A portrait
- Oliver Cromwell
-
HWC
- Pope Innocent VIII
-
A translation of
-
Biographic sketch from New Advent
-
Shorter sketch from the Ecole Initiative
- Henry of Navarre
-
A portrait
- Spanish Armada
-
Elizabeth's Speech Regarding the Armada
-
Announcement of English victory in the
-
Queen Elizabeth's speech to the home guard upon the approach of the Armada
- Charles I of England
-
Some visuals of Charles and his court
- Augsburg Confession
-
The Confession
- Montaigne
-
On Cannibals
-
Complete Essays
- Bishop Bossuet
-
Extracts from his essay on kingship
- Louis XIV
-
Two contemporary descriptions of Louis
- John Locke
-
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
-
Other works
- Cossacks
-
A personal page, but a good description
-
A short description of the Cossacks
- Thomas More
-
A short biography
-
Another biography
-
Biography in the Catholic Encyclopedia
-
A description of Thomas More by Erasmus
-
More's writings, including Utopia and his history of Richard III
- Copernicus
-
Biographic sketch
-
A biography
-
A discussion of Copernicus' orbital theories
- Machiavelli
-
Full text of "The Prince"
- Erasmus
-
In Praise of Folly
- Neoplatonism
-
A very short account of Plotinus
- Fall of Constantinople
-
A description of the fall, plus a poem on the last Byzantine emperor
- Charles VIII of France
-
A picture of the castle where Charles died
-
Contract of marriage between Anne of Brittany and Charles of France
- Henry VIII
-
Shakespeare's play
-
Suppression of the English Monasteries under Henry VIII
- Vesalius
-
Several drawings and one painting by Vesalius
- Luther
-
Project Wittenberg
- Zwingli
A biography
-
Zwingli's views on the Lord's Supper
- Petrarch
-
Selected sonnets
-
A selection of his letters,
- Donatello
-
David and Goliath
-
complete collection
- Masaccio
-
A few of his paintings
-
A bit of biography and some discussion of his style
- Botticelli
-
Several paintings and a short biography
- Da Vinci
-
Several paintings and a short biography
- Dürer
-
Several paintings and a short biography
- Ariosto
-
A description of his work
-
Full text of Orlando Furioso
- Michelangelo
-
Several paintings and a short biography
-
A biography, some pictures, and lots of links
-
Pictures and biography
- Raphael
-
Several paintings and a short biography
- Sistine Chapel
-
A very complete collection of pictures
- Sack of Rome
-
A readable account
- Philip II of Spain
-
A short biography
- Brueghel
-
Several paintings and a short biography
- Palestrina
-
Some biographical information and a short discussion of his music
-
A longer biography
- Council of Trent
-
Description of events and assessment
- Galileo
-
A biography
-
The Art of Renaissance Science: Galileo and Perspective
-
The Galileo Project
-
Institute and Museum of the History of Science
-
Galileo's drawing of sunspots
-
Two New Sciences
- Kepler
-
A biography
- Colbert
-
"On the financial disorders in France"
- Antoine Watteau
-
Pierrot, painting
- Peter the Great of Russia
-
A short biography
- Charles II of England
-
Brittania biographic sketch
- George III of Britain
-
Brittania biographic sketch
- Catherine the Great of Russia
-
A very short biographic sketch
-
Another sketch
- Linnaeus
-
Short biography
- David Hume
-
His autobiography
-
Hume Society
-
A biography
-
An Essay on Human Understanding
-
Hume's writings
- Diderot
-
Denis Diderot
- Condorcet
-
Biography
- Lavoisier
-
short example
-
pseudo-news account of Lavoisier's execution
-
Biography from the Catholic Encyclopedia
- South Sea Bubble
-
The Bubble Project
- Henry Fielding
-
Tom Jones
-
Biographic sketch
- Haydn
-
A biographic sketch
-
A very complete site in Austria
- Edward Gibbon
-
Biographic sketch
-
A commentary on Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
-
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
- Mozart
-
A biographic sketch
-
Much more detailed biographic information
-
Mozart's works
-
detailed timelines covering Mozart's life
-
Mozart's works
- John Wesley
-
A Short History of Methodism
-
The Character of a Methodist
-
A short biography of Wesley
- Cardinal Richelieu
-
Biography from the Catholic Encyclopedia
- El Greco
-
Nineteen pictures
-
biography
-
eighteen paintings with commentary and a short bio.
- Cervantes
-
Don Quixote
-
biography of Cervantes
-
Cervantes Project 2001
- Elizabeth I
-
collection of material about Elizabeth
- Society of Jesus
-
Very full treatment in the Catholic Encyclopedia
- Harvey
-
college term paper on Harvey
-
Biographic sketch
- Pascal
-
A biography
-
Pensées
-
Provincial Letters
- Edict of Nantes
-
revocation
- Thirty Years' War
-
Weapons and accoutrements of the Thirty Years War
-
Treaty of Westphalia
-
Swedish warship
-
short essay on the war
-
short account of the Great Elector
- Mercantilism
-
excerpts from Colbert's writings
-
Gustav Schmoller on mercantilism
- Glorious Revolution
-
Glorious Revolution
-
Latest Lottery Results : 6/49, Super 7, Ontario 49, Lottario, Western 469, BC 49, plus more
13. The Civilization of the Renaissance
- Art of the Catholic Reformation
- Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent
-
On the Invocation, Veneration, and Relics of Saints and on Sacred Images
-
Decree on Reformation
-
Decree on the Sacraments
-
The complete text
-
Ignatius Loyola, Spiritual Exercises
- The Paintings of El Greco
-
List of paintings
-
List of paintings (cont'd)
-
Baroque Art
-
The Paintings of Caravaggio
- St. Teresa of Avila (1515-1582), Autobiography
-
Chapter 19
-
Chapter 29
-
Bernini, St. Teresa in Ecstasy (ca. 1647-1652)
-
Portrait of St. Teresa of Avila
-
Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680), Piazza of St. Peter's, Rome, 1655-1667
-
Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Baldacchino, St. Peter's, Rome, 1624-1633
-
Giacomo Della Porta (1538-1602); Giacomo Vignola, (1507-1573), Il Gesu, Rome, 1571-1577
-
Giovanni Battista Gaulli, Triumph of the Name of Jesus; Il Gesu, Rome 1672-1685
-
Paolo Veronese (1528-1588), Feast in the House of Levi
- The Mind of the Conqueror
-
Cortés' Second Letter to the Emperor
-
The war of conquest: how it was waged here in Mexico
-
Spanish Conquest of Cuba
-
Letter to the King of Spain
-
Relaciones Geográficas
-
Huejotzingo Codex
-
image
-
Recompilation of the Laws of the Indies
-
Another page
-
36 Florentine Codex
-
A Nahua Testament and a Nahua Land Grant.
-
Castaways: The Narrative of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca
-
Chronology of Voyages of Exploration
-
Europe
-
British Museum
-
Toltec-Aztec Culture
-
Alvarado
- Indigenous Culture--Background and Artifacts
-
University of Guadalajara
-
WebMuseum of Latin America
- Other Conquerors and Colonists
-
Columbus' Description of Landing in the Americas
-
Columbus' Letter to the King and Queen of Spain (ca. 1494)
-
A Brief and True Report on the Newfound Land of Virginia (1588)
-
John Smith's Description of New England (1614)
-
The Proceedings of the English Colony in Virginia
-
(1604)
-
excerpt
-
1492: An Ongoing Voyage
-
Age of Discovery
-
Pictures
-
On Cannibals
- Painting Women in the Renaissance
-
The Goodman of Paris
-
Boccaccio (1313-1375), Decameron
-
St. Bernardino of Siena (1380-1444): Two Sermons on Wives and Widows
- Malleus Maleficarum
-
Web text
-
Realistic text
-
Lavinia Fontana (1552-1614)
-
Sofonisba Anguissola (ca.1531-1626)
- Titian (c.1490-1576)
-
Webmuseum, Paris
-
Penitent Mary Magdalen
-
Jan van Eyck (ca.1395-1441), The Arnolfini Marriage
- Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
-
Portrait of Cecilia Gallarani (Lady with the Ermine)
-
Portrait of Ginevra de Benci
-
St. Teresa of Avila (1515-1582)
-
St. John of the Cross (1542-1591)
-
Petrarch (1304-1374), Sonnets (Canzonieri)
-
Christine de Pisan (ca. 1363-1434), The Book of the City of Ladies
- Portraits of Elizabeth I (1533-1603)
-
Elizabeth I, Gallery No. 2
-
Elizabeth in procession to Blackfriars in 1600
-
Elizabeth in 1592
-
Sample D
-
Margaret Paston
- Rome Reborn
-
Pompeii
-
The City of Rome
-
Gothic Cathedrals
-
Filippo Brunelleschi's Pazzi Chapel
-
Statues of the Emperors and Roman Leaders
-
Medieval Sculpture--Last Judgment Tympanum, Ste.-Foy, Conques, France
-
Michelangelo
-
Sala di Costantino
- Roman Sites, Architecture
-
Pantheon
-
Arch of Constantine
-
Basilica of Maxentius
-
Colosseum
-
Baths of Diocletian
- Interior of St. Peter's
-
Interiore
-
Baldacchino
-
Raphael, School of Athens
-
Palladio's Italian Villas
-
Rome Reborn-Vatican Exhibit
-
Jefferson's Monticello
-
Horatio Greenough, George Washington
14. Europe Expands and Divides: Overseas Discoveries and Protestant Reformation
- Art of the Catholic Reformation
- The Mind of the Conqueror
- Painting Women in the Renaissance
- Rome Reborn
- Columbus: Letter to Louis of Santangel
- Martin Luther: On Rebelion Against Rulers
- Martin Luther: Treatise on Good Works
- John Calvin: Doctrine of Predestination
- John Calvin: On Civil
- Council of Trent
15. A Century of Crisis for Early-Modern Europe (c. 1560-1660)
- House of Commons: Reply to King James I (1604)
- Leviathan
16. The Economy and Society of Early-Modern Europe
- Erasmus: Life in Sixteenth Century England (excerpt)
- Adam Smith: "On the Principle of Mercantilism"
- Some Results of the Enclosure Movement in England
- Piratical Exploits
17. The Age of Absolutism (1660-1789)
- John Locke:
- English Bill of Rights
- The Age of Absolutism in Europe
18. The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
- John Locke: Essay Concerning Human Understanding
- Voltaire: Personification of the Enlightenment
- Thomas Paine: The Age of Reason
- The Proper Study of Mankind: The Encyclopedia
- Marquis de Condorcet: The Progress of the Human Mind
- Jean Jacques Rousseau: The Stoic Philosophy
- Cartesian Dualism. France
V.The French and Industrial Revolutions and their Consequences
Timelines
- Romantic movement (1690-1850)
-
The Romantic Chronology
-
Tour page
- James Watt's steam engine patented (1769)
-
A complete book
-
A biography
-
A full book biography
- Spinning jenny patented (1770)
- Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
-
A resource site
-
A series of pages
- Louis XVI (1774-1792)
- American War of Independence (1775-1783)
-
A site
-
The American Declaration of Independence
- Beginning of factory system (1780s)
-
Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786
-
Letter from Leeds Cloth Merchants, 1791.
-
The Life of the Industrial Worker in 19th-Century England
-
Excerpts from The Condition of the Working-Class in England, published by Friedrich Engels in 1844.
- French Revolution begins (1789)
-
An excerpt from the Marquis de Condorcet on "The Future Progress of the Human Mind."
-
"The Social Contract" by Rousseau.
-
A detailed chronology of the French Revolution
-
A chronology
-
A longer essay by Gwynne Lewis on the historical significance of the French Revolution
-
This document
- Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789)
-
The quintessential statement
-
Declaration of the Rights of Women
- Jeremy Bentham, The Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789)
-
The first four chapters
- Utilitarianism (1790-1870)
-
The full text of John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism, first published in 1863.
-
An essay
-
An article
- Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790)
-
An excerpt from Book III, "The Errors of the French Revolution."
-
More extended excerpts
-
The entire text
- Thomas Paine, The Rights of Man (1791-1792)
-
The full text
- Declaration of Pilnitz (1791)
-
An excerpt
-
Some excerpts from Faust.
- France declared a republic (1792)
-
This document
- The Terror (1793-1794)
-
A classic statement
-
Another work
- Cotton gin invented (1793)
-
Some exposition
-
A piece
- Edward Jenner develops smallpox vaccine (1796)
-
Home page
- Thomas Malthus An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798)
-
Excerpts From the Modern History SourceBook at Fordham University.
- William Wordsworth, Lyrical Ballads (1798)
-
"The world is too much with us"
-
The complete works
-
A collection of links
- Napoleon declared first consul of France (1799)
-
One of Napoleon's speeches
- Treaty of Lunéville (1801)
- Napoleon declared first consul for life (1802)
- Napoleon crowns himself emperor of the French (1804)
-
An official statement
-
The Napoleon Series
- Napoleonic Code (1804)
- Continental System established (1806)
- G.W. Hegel, Phenomenology of the Spirit (1807)
-
A collection of excerpts
-
Summary and biographical sketch
- J.G. Fichte, Addresses to the German Nation (1808)
-
Biographical sketch
-
A brief excerpt
- Reforms of Stein and Hardenberg, Prussia (1808)
-
An essay
- Louis Blanc (1811-1882)
-
An excerpt from Blanc's The Organisation of Labour,
- Napoleon's invasion of Russia (1812)
-
A site
-
A large collection
-
A starting point
- Napoleon abdicates (1814)
- Congress of Vienna (1814-1815)
- Battle of Waterloo (1815)
-
A detailed essay
-
Thirteen photos
- "Peterloo Massacre," England (1819)
- Congress of Vienna (1822)
- Monroe Doctrine (1823)
-
The doctrine
- "Decembrist" revolt, Russia (1825)
- First railway, England (1825)
-
The entire text
- Greek independence (1829)
- Honoré de Balzac, The Human Comedy (1829-1841)
- Revolution in France (1830)
- Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People (1830)
-
His best known work
-
biography
-
several other paintings
- "Young Italy" (1831)
-
An excerpt from Mazzini's "Europe: Its Condition and Prospect".
- Reform Bill of 1832, England
- Slavery abolished, British colonies (1833)
- Poor law reform, England (1834)
- Chartist movement, England (1838-1848)
-
An essay
-
An extensive, annotated bibliography
- Corn Laws repealed, England (1846)
- Revolutions in Europe (1848)
-
A single page with several short tracts
- John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy (1848)<
-
This site
- Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood formed (1848)
-
The Complete Writings and Pictures of Dante Gabriel Rossetti
-
A short introduction
-
A short biography
-
John Ruskin
- Second Republic, France (1848)
- Frankfurt Assembly, Germany (1848-1849)
-
Articles
-
Frankfurt Assembly
- Reign of Louis Napoleon (1851-1870)
- Crimean War (1854-1856)
-
A historical account
-
Tennyson's poem
- Richard Wagner, The Ring of the Nibelung (1854-1874)
-
Photos and notes
-
An overview
-
A translation of the medieval legend
-
Introductory Sketch
- Charles Dickens, Hard Times (1854)
-
The Dickens House Museum
-
Charles Dickens
-
This collection
- Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary (1857)
-
Madame Bovary
- Unification of Italy (1858-1866)
- Civil War, United States (1861-1865)
-
An index
- Emancipation of the serfs, Russia (1861)
-
Emancipation proclamation by Tsar Alexander.
- Parliamentary Reform Bill, England (1867)
- Union Pacific railroad, United States (1869)
-
Web site
- Franco-Prussian War (1870)
19. The French Revolution
- Fight for Rights
-
James I (1603-1625) and Parliament
-
Gerrard Winstanley (b. 1609), The True Levellers Standard Advanced
-
The Declaration of Right (February, 1689) (extracts)
-
John Locke (1632-1704), Second Treatise on Government
-
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), Leviathan
-
De Thou, The Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day (August 24, 1572)
-
Cardinal Richelieu (1585-1642), Political Testament
-
Extracts from Bishop Jacques Bossuet's (1627-1704) Work on Kingship
-
Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592), On Cannibals
-
Voltaire (1694-1778), Candide
-
Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), Discourse on Inequality, No. 2
-
Jean Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract (1762)
-
The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen (1789); Olympe de Gouges, The Declaration of Rights of Woman (1791)
-
Gerrard Winstanley and the Diggers
-
The Doctrine of Graccus Babeuf
-
Jacques-Louis David, The Oath of the Horatii, Death of Socrates, The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons, The Death of Marat, The Sabine Women Enforcing Peace, Madame David, Madame Récamier, and Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon I
- The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (France)
- Saint-Just: Republican Institutions
- The Imperial Catechism of Napoleon I
- A British Commentary: The Capture of Napoleon
- de Las Cases: Napoleon on St. Helena
20. The Industrial Revolution
- J.R. McCulloch: The Principles of Political Economy
- The Sadler Report: Parliamentarly Investigations into Child Labor
21. Consequences of Industrialization: Urbanization and Class Consciousness (1800-1850)
- William Graham Sumner: A Defense of Free Enterprise
- Robert Owen: The Basis of Utopian Socialism
- Thomas Malthus: On the Principle of Population
- David Ricardo: The Labor Theory of Value
22. The Rise of Liberalism (1815-1870)
- Justin McCarthy: The Epoch of Reform
- The Aims of the Chartists
- John Stuart Mill: On Liberty
- Louis Napoleon: Speech at Bordeaux
23. Nationalism and Nation-Building
- Otto Von Bismarck: Contriving a War with France
- Proclamation of the German Empire, 1871
- Thomas Jefferson: First Inaugural Address
- Andrew Jackson: First Annual Message to Congress, 1829
- James Madison: The Federalist, No. 10
VI.The West at the World's Center
Timelines
- Franco-Prussian War (1870)
-
The complete text
-
The full book
-
Some "mini-lectures"
-
The Descent of Man
-
An excerpt of Progress: Its Law and Causes by Herbert Spencer
- Tolstoy, War and Peace (1862-1869)
-
The entire novel
-
On Tolstoy's Death: A young student's memoir
-
Photo: Tolstoy in his study, Moscow
- Dominion of Canada established (1867)
-
The text
- Marx, Capital (1867)
-
Das Kapital
-
Contemporary newspaper interviews
- Opening of Suez Canal (1869)
-
The full history
- First commercially practical electrical generator (1870)
- Gilchrist-Thomas steel process (1870s)
- Impressionism in art (1870-1900)
-
A collection
-
Another collection of impressionist paintings
- Paris Commune (1871)
-
A chronology
-
Address by Frederick Engels on the 20th anniversary of the Paris Commune.
-
Pictures of the Paris Commune
- Kulturkampf, Germany (1872)
-
A discussion of Kulturkampf discussed in the context of Bismarckian Germany, by Raffael Scheck.
- League of Three Emperors (1873)
-
Text of an agreement from 1881.
- Constitution for Third French Republic (1875)
-
A brief chronology
- Germ theory of disease (1875)
- End of First International (1876)
-
A summary
- Congress of Berlin (1878)
- European scramble for Africa begins (1879)
-
The French in West Africa: Early Contact to Independence by Stephen Wooten.
- Thomas Edison invents the light bulb (1879)
-
The Edison National Historic Site Website
-
A short biography
- Growth of finance capitalism (1880s)
- Functionalism in architecture (1880-1890)
- Social welfare legislation, Germany (1882-1884)
- British invasion of Egypt (1882)
- Triple Alliance formed (1882)
- Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883)
-
The complete text
-
The Parable of the Madman
- Émile Zola, Germinal (1885)
-
The full text
-
An overview
- Berlin conference on imperialism (1885)
- Pan-Slavism (1890-1914)
- Sherman Anti-Trust Act, United States (1890)
- Henrik Ibsen, Hedda Gabler (1890)
-
A biography
- Méline tariff (1892)
- Dreyfus affair (1894-1899)
- Spanish-American War (1898-1902)
-
A centennial site
- Boer War (1899-1902)
- Women's suffrage movement, England (1900-1914)
- Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams (1900)
-
Extracts, from Reading about the World at Washington State University.
-
The full text
-
A biographical sketch
- Lenin, What is to Be Done? (1902)
-
Excerpts from the work at the Internet Modern History Sourcebook.
- Ivan Pavlov, Nobel Prize for Physiology (1904)
-
Short biography, plus links, from the Nobel Prize Internet Archive.
- Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1905)
-
A summary
- Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)
- Social welfare legislation, France (1905; 1910)
- Cubism in art (1905-1930)
-
Cubism
-
A short entry
- Albert Einstein, development of relativity theory (1905-1910)
-
An interpretation by Bertrand Russell of Einstein's theories for the Encyclopedia Britannica.
- Social welfare legislation, England (1906-1912)
- Triple Entente formed (1907)
- Bosnian Crisis (1908)
- Revolt of the Young Turks (1908)
-
A discussion
-
A short biography
- Balkan Wars (1912-1913)
- Stravinsky, Rite of Spring (1913)
- First World War (1914-1918)
-
The Internet Modern History Sourcebook
-
World War I: Trenches on the Web
-
Selected Tours
-
Aftermath: When the Boys Came Home
-
Under Fire
-
Canada: An Historical Perspective
-
War Prison Barracks Three
-
The World War I Document Archive
- Easter Rebellion, Ireland (1916)
-
A proclamation of the Irish Republic.
- U.S. enters World War I (1917)
- Russian Revolution (1917)
-
The End of European Hegemony
- Oswald Spengler, The Decline of the West (1918)
- Bauhaus established (1919)
- Treaty of Versailles (1919)
-
The entire text of the Treaty of Versailles,
- Socialist revolution, Germany (1919)
- League of Nations (1920-1946)
-
The Covenant of the League of Nations
- German inflation (1920s)
- Surrealism and Dadaism (1920s)
-
A surrealist "manifesto"
- Writers of the "Lost Generation" (1920-1930)
-
The Lost Generation
-
A list
- Soviet industrialization (1920s-1930s)
- Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-philosophicus (1921)
-
A biographical entry
-
A short lecture/essay
- NEP, Russia (1921)
- T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land (1922)
-
What the Thunder Said
-
A searchable database
- James Joyce, Ulysses (1922)
-
The James Joyce Resource Center
-
Short biographies
-
An enthusiastic, realiable, and informative review
- Mussolini's march on Rome (1922)
-
Short biography
-
Mussolini's entry
- Hitler's attempted putsch (1923)
-
A description
- New constitution, Soviet Union (1924)
- Locarno agreements (1925)
- Hitler, Mein Kampf (1925)
-
An excerpt from Mein Kampf
- Great Depression (1929-1940)
- Discovery of viruses, sulfa drugs, and penicillin (1930s)
- Neo-realism in art (1930s)
- Japan invades Manchuria (1931)
- Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany (1933)
-
An essay
- New Deal, United States (1933-1940)
-
An entire site
- National armament programs (1935)
- Italy conquers Ethiopia (1935-1936)
-
The World War II Timeline
-
Mike Cutri's article
- Rome-Berlin Axis (1936)
- Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
- Picasso, Guernica (1937)
-
A complete site
-
A virtual exhibition
-
A detailed look
- Germany annexes Austria (1938)
- Munich Conference (1938)
- Nazi-Soviet pact (1939)
- Discovery of atomic fission (1939)
- Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath (1939)
-
The National Steinbeck Center
- Second World War (1939-1945)
-
World War Two section of Yahoo
- United States enters war (1941)
-
A detailed chronology
-
The History Place
-
The official declaration of war
- Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness (1943)
-
A short biography
- Allied invasion of Normandy (1944)
-
The Operation Overlord site.
- First atomic bomb test (1945)
-
radiation monitoring
-
eyewitness accounts
-
Envirolink
- Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1945)
-
Nagasaki Journey
-
The Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum
- United Nations founded (1945)
-
The full text
-
Declaration of Human Rights
-
Milestones in United Nations History
- Yalta and Potsdam conferences (1945)
-
A paragraph
-
The Protocol
-
Unconditional surrender from Japan
-
An outline
- Orwell, Animal Farm (1946)
-
The first two chapters of Animal Farm
-
A short biography
24. International Industrialization and Imperialism (1870-1914)
- Modern Architecture
- Johann Neumann (1687-1753), Residenz, Würzburg
-
Exterior Façade (thumbnail)
-
Interior: Hofkirche, view to entrance (thumbnail)
- Barry and Pugin, Houses of Parliament (begun 1836)
-
Exterior: from southwest (thumbnail)
-
Detail: chandelier in central lobby (thumbnail)
- Gustave Eiffel (1832-1923)
-
Exterior view (thumbnail)
-
Exterior: ironwork (thumbnail)
- Joseph Paxton, Crystal Palace (1851)
-
Interior: transept with elm
-
Joseph Maria Olbrich, Secession Building (1898)
- Sagrada Familia Start Date: 1883, Barcelona, Spain
Exterior detail: central figures, east (Nativity) portico
- Horta House and Studio, Brussels, Belgium, 1898-1911
-
Interior view: stairwell and skylight
-
Interior view: built-in cupboard
-
Antonio Sant'Elia, Manifesto of Futurist Architecture (1914)
- Wainwright Building, Saint Louis, Missouri (1891)
-
Exterior: multistory detail
-
Walter Gropius, Fagus Shoe Factory (1911)
- Bauhaus
-
Overview
-
Brief history
- Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Chicago, Illinois (1951)<
-
Exterior: towers from parking area
- Eero Saarinen<
-
Trans World Airlines terminal at New York International Airport (now John F. Kennedy International Airport) (1956-1962)
-
I. M. Pei, Grands Pyramides du Louvre and East Building, National Gallery
-
Frank Lloyd Wright (1869-1959), Unity Temple
-
Johnson Wax Headquarters
-
Robie House
-
Frank Lloyd Wright (1869-1959), Falling Water (Kaufmann House)
- Senator Albert J. Beveridge: American Imperialism<
- Platform of the Anti-Imperialist League
- Rudyard Kipling: White Man's Burden
- John A. Hobson: The Evolution of Modern Capitalism
25. The Middle Class Challenged
- Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: The Communist Manifesto
- Alfred Russel Wallace: An Exposition of Darwinism by a Contemporary Naturalist
- Sigmund Freud: Civilization and Its Discontents
- Herbert Spencer: Social Statics
26. A Delicate Equilibrium (1870-1914)
- Captain Alfred Dreyfus: Five Years of My Life
- The Entente Cordial, 1904
- David Lloyd George: Mansion House Speech of July, 1911
- Peter Kropotkin: The Assassination of Alexander II
- American Reformism: Platform of the Populist Party
- The Franco-Russian Alliance of 1892
27. The First World War
- Bethmann Hollweg: Germany's War Aims, September, 1914<
- Woodrow Wilson: War Message to Congress
- Woodrow Wilson: Speech on the Fourteen Points
- Extracts from the Treaty of Versailles
28. Turmoil Between the Wars
- Benito Mussolini: The Basic Philosophy of Facism
- Adolf Hitler: Theories of Race and German Expansion
- V.I. Lenin: Theory of Communist Morality
- V. I. Lenin: What Communism Really Means
29. The Second World War
- Neville Chamberlain: Peace in our Time
- Neville Chamberlain: Radio Address to the German People
- Franklin D. Roosevelt: The "Four Freedoms"
- United Nations Charter
VII.The Emergence of a World Civilization
Timelines
- Jackson Pollock, (1912-1956)
-
A discussion of a single Pollock work, Male and Female.
-
Sleeping Effort Number 3
- Stalin’s dictatorship, U.S.S.R. (1927-1953)
-
A brief biography
-
Biographical links
- Andy Warhol (1930-1987)
-
The Andy Warhol Museum
-
This private site
- Second World War (1939-1945)
-
Earthstation1
-
A site
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World War II Resources
- Richard Wright, Native Son (1940)
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A discussion
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This PBS site
- Communist regimes established in Eastern Europe (1945-1948)
- Abstract expressionism in art (mid-1940s)
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The Utah Museum of Fine Arts
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Coverage
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The WebMuseum
- Independence of India and Pakistan (1947)
- Truman Doctrine (1947)
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The text
- Vietnam War, French phase (1947-1954)
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The Asia Society
- Marshall Plan (1948)
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The speech by Secretary of State George C. Marshall
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A brief biography
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Marshall Plan 50th Anniversary Site.
- State of Israel proclaimed (1948)
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The state of Israel
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Commemorative Issue, The Palestine Post, Sunday, May 16, 1948.
- Yugoslavia breaks with Soviet Union (1948)
- Berlin Blockade and Airlift(1948-1949)
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"Berlin Arlift"
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CARE
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The U.S. Air Force's official commemorative site
- Apartheid policy in South Africa (1948-1991)
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Nelson Mandela's autobiography
- Division of Germany (1949)
- NATO formed (1949)
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The text of the North Atlantic Treaty,
- Communist regime in China (1949-)
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The University of California at San Diego
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The Army Area Handbook
- Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex (1949-1950)
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A brief biography
- Korean War (1950-1953)
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The Veterans Affairs department of Canada
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The Korean War Project
- European Coal and Steel Community created (1951)
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The ECSC
- Hydrogen Bomb (1952)
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The Bikini Atoll
- Samuel Beckett, Waiting for Godot (1952)
- Egypt becomes a republic (1952-1953)
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Nasser
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Sadat
- Discovery of polio vaccine (1953)
- Discovery of DNA (1953)
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A biography of James Dewey Watson
- Khrushchev leader of U.S.S.R. (1953-1964)
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Khrushchev's Dossier
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State Department archive
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Brief biography
- Independence begins for British colonies in Africa (1954)
- Algerian war of independence (1954-1962)
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Proclamation
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A short entry
- Warsaw Pact formed (1955)
- Hungarian revolt (1956)
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A scholarly paper
- Suez crisis (1956)
- Boris Pasternak, Doctor Zhivago (1957)
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A summary
- Sputnik launched (1957)
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NASA
- European Common Market established (1958)
- Günter Grass, The Tin Drum (1959)
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The film
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Grass' commentary
- Establishment of Castro regime in Cuba (1959)
- Conflict in the Congo (1960)
- "Pop" art (1960s)
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The Pop Art Project
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Article
- Independence of French colonies in Africa (1960)
- Black civil rights movement, U.S. (1960-1968)
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The NAACP
- Youth "revolution" (1960s)
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The Digger archives
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The Summer of Love site
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Port Huron Statement
- Women’s liberation movement (1960s-1970s)
- Berlin Wall built (1961)
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A history
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Building the Wall
- François Truffaut, Jules and Jim (1961)
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A review
- Cuban missile crisis (1962)
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A famous photo
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One of the reconnaissance photographs
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More on Bobby and the Cuban Missile Crisis
- James Baldwin, The Fire Next Time (1963)
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James Baldwin: An Appreciation
- Vietnam War, American phase (1963-1975)
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Vietnam: A Television History
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Robert Brigham
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The Asia Society
- Era of military rule begins in Africa (1964)
- Brezhnev leader of U.S.S.R. (1964-1982)
- Arthur Penn, Bonnie and Clyde (1967)
- Six-Day War (1967)
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Overview article, The Anatomy of the Arab-Israeli Conflict .
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Summary of the 6 Day War.
- Civil war, Nigeria (1967-1970)
- Czechoslovakian revolt (1968)
- Student riots in Paris (1968)
- Martin Luther King, Jr., assassinated (1968)
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"I See The Promise Land" sermon
- Manned spacecraft lands on moon (1969)
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NASA's Apollo 11 25th Anniversary site
- Advent of automation (1970s)
- India-Pakistan War (1971)
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Time article: Conflict in Asia: India v Pakistan .
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Time article: Dec. 13, 1971: India and Pakistan: Over the Edge.
- Bernardo Bertolucci, Last Tango in Paris (1972)
- Republic of Bangladesh (1972)
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Time articles: The Bloody Birth of Bangladesh Section; and Out of War, a Nation Is Born.
- First SALT agreements signed (1972)
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A summary of SALT II can be found at the U.S. Arms Control & Disarmament Agency.
- Watergate scandal, U.S. (1972-1974)
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25th anniversary commemoration
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An extensive site
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ABC News
- OPEC oil embargo (1973)
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The U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, The Gulag Archipelago (1974)<
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The Washington Post
- Civil War in Angola (1975-1994)
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A history
- Worldwide inflation and unemployment (late 1970s and early 1980s)
- Revolution in Iran (1979)
- World Bank’s Structural Adjustment Programs in Africa launched (1979)
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A report
- Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan (1979-1989)
- Solidarity movement organizes strikes in Poland (1980)
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Time "Man of the Year" article on Lech Walesa , Solidarity leader.
- Iraq-Iran war (1980-1988)
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A fairly detailed essay
- U.S. rejection of SALT II agreement (1981)
- Toxic gas leak in Bhopal, India (1984)
- Gorbachev leader of U.S.S.R. (1985-1991)
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His own home page
- AIDS virus found outside Africa (1986)
- Explosion of U.S. space shuttle Challenger (1986)
-
NASA
- Nuclear accident at Chernobyl, U.S.S.R. (1986)
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Scientific American
-
The Polyn Project
- Stock market crash, U.S. (1987)
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Brief article
- Solidarity leaders elected to run Poland (1989)
- Fall of Berlin Wall (1989)
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A brief account
-
A personal account
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A 1962 East German document
-
A history
-
Celebration at demolition
- Exxon Valdez oil spill (1989)
-
The Oil Spill Public Information Center
- Germany reunited (1990)
-
Chronicle of German Unification
- Iraqi invasion of Kuwait (1990)
- Eastern European countries restore market economies (1990s)
- Nelson Mandela freed (1990)
- Government-ANC talks begin in South Africa (1990)<
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African National Congress
-
The Index of ANC Information
- Persian Gulf War (1991)
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Diary of an Iraqi soldier
-
Several interviews
- Dissolution of U.S.S.R. (1991)
-
A description of events in Moscow in October 1993, when Yeltsin stopped an attempted counter-revolution.
- Rio summit on environment (1992)
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The Rio Declaration
- War in Bosnia (1992-1995)
-
CNN - Scroll down to the bottom of the page for historical links and other useful information; the material at the top has only current news.
- End of colonial era in Africa (1993)
- NAFTA passed (1993)
-
The entire act
- Genocide in Rwanda (1994)
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A PBS site
-
This site
- African majority rule in South Africa (1994-)
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The Justice Center
-
South African Constitution
-
Fundamental Rights
30. The Postwar Years: Rivalry and Recovery
- Modern Architecture
- Students and Soldiers: Warring over Holy Land
- Overview of Two Perspectives
-
University of Michigan
-
timeline
-
Palestinian Government
-
Israeli Government
-
World Zionist Organization
- Chronological Primary Source Documents
-
Official Correspondence
-
McMahon-Hussein Letters
-
1915-07-14: Letter from Hussein to McMahon confirming Arab willingness to fight alongside the British in exchange for autonomy.
-
1915-08-30: Letter from McMahon to Hussein accepting Arab support while refusing to outline boundaries.
-
1915-09-09: Letter from Hussein to McMahon taking McMahon to task for his ambiguity on key points.
-
1915-11-05: Letter from Hussein to McMahon acknowledging territorial concessions, as well as a British military presence in the new Arab territories after the war. Note the last paragraph in which he comments on McMahon's promise that government officials "will not interfere with internal affairs."
-
1915-12-14: Letter from McMahon to Hussein making diplomatic statements regarding French interests in Beirut, etc.
-
1916-01-01: Letter from Hussein to McMahon warning that Arab peoples would not allow the French to own and occupy any land in Beirut and the coasts once the war concludes.
-
1916-01-25: Letter from McMahon to Hussein promising to consider the question of Baghdad and reaffirming British-French solidarity without addressing the question of Beirut.
-
Sykes Picot Agreement
-
Balfour Declaration
-
Treaty at Lausanne
-
27 Articles of T. E. Lawrence.
-
T. E. Lawrence's report on Mesopotamia
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British White Paper
-
British White Paper
-
British White Paper
-
United Nations Partition Plan
-
Massacre at Deir Yasin
-
United Nations Report
-
UN Resolution 181
-
Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
-
Khartoum Resolutions
-
The Palestinian National Charter
-
UN Security Council Resolution 242
-
UN Security Council Resolution 338
-
UN Security Council Resolution 425
-
Memorandum of Understanding between Israel and the United States
-
Golan Heights Law
-
Palestinian Declaration of Independence
-
Israel's Peace Initiative
-
Invitation to Madrid Peace Conference
-
Letters from Arafat to Rabin and Rabin to Arafat.
-
Declaration of Principles of Interim State Government
-
Part I
-
Part II
-
Agreement on the Gaza Strip and Jericho area.
-
Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and Gaza Strip
-
Protocol
- Other Voices
-
Nigel Parry
-
Chaim Goldberg
-
search
-
Palestinian women
-
water availability
-
Committee on the Exercise of Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People
-
Teacher's Lesson 3
-
Elihu King
-
Amnesty International
-
Abuses by Israeli Forces
-
Abuses by Palestinian Authorities
-
Human Rights Abuses by the Palestinian Authority.
-
Israeli Torture of Prisoners.
-
Human Rights Abuses by Israeli Forces.
-
here
-
here
-
some pictures of Jerusalem.
- Robert F. Kennedy: The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962
31. Fragmentation and Change: The end of Postwar Certainties
32. Problems of World Civilization
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
Miscellenous
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Clicking Anastasia: A Mystery of Romanov Russia
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I N S P I R A T I O N 1 9 9 9
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Korean War Project
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Science Museum of Minnesota
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The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
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U-boat Net - The U-boat War 1939-1945
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Wa. Soc. St. -- World History Links
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World Domination
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World History
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World History to 1500
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WWW VIRTUAL LIBRARY for MEDIEVAL STUDIES
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World War I - Trenches on the Web
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YITM World War One Archive
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Taiwan's History
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Cascoly's CHRONOS: History & Timelines
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Egypt/Pyramids/Pharaohs/Hieroglyphs - Mark Millmore's Ancient Egypt
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EGYPT FUN GUIDE
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The Tomb of the Chihuahua Pharaohs
- American History
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Welcome to America: A Narrative History Web Site - User tindal/ pd timous
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Battle of the Monitor and the Merrimac C.S.S. Virginia Civil War Naval Battle
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Civil War Geneology Database
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The Civil War Reenactors Home Page
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The Civil War Archive Home Page
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Cold War International History Project (CWIHP)
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Great American Speeches
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U-boat Net - The U-boat War 1939-1945
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Black History
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Center for the Study of Southern Culture Home Page
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MindStation X
- History of Science
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WWWVL History of Science, Technology and Medicine - Overview
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¹q ¤l ®Ñ
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¦ò ¸g ì ¨å
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¤¤ °ê ¤å ¾Ç §@ «~ ¸ê ®Æ ®w
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EuroDocs:Primary Historical Documents From Western Europe --Selected Transcriptions, Facsimiles and
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¥Ò °© ¤å ¥þ ¤å ÀË ¯Á ¤Î ¥þ ¤å ¼v ¹³ ¨t ²Î
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·í ¥N ¤å ¾Ç ¥v ®Æ ¡E °ê ®a ¹Ï ®Ñ À] ¡B ¾\ Äý ²Õ
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½u ¤W ¸ê ®Æ ®w ¤Î ÀË ¯Á ªA °È ªº ²{ ªp ¤Î ®i ±æ
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¤¤ ¥¡ ¬ã ¨s °| ¥v »y ©Ò ¤å ª« ¹Ï ¶H ¬ã ¨s «Ç ¸ê ®Æ ®w
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See Journals in Philosophers.Org too.
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·s ¥v ¾Ç
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·s »y µ·
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Áp ¦X ¤å ¾Ç
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¤¤ ¤å Âø »x
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¥ú µØ µe ³ø
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¯« ¦{ ¸U ªá µ©
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·¬ µØ ¶é Âø »x
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¥@ ¬É ¦a ²z Âø »x
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«Ø ¿v »P ¤å ¤Æ ¶° ¥Z
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¤¤ °ê ¬ì ¾Ç ¥v ³q °T
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º~ ¾Ç ¬ã ¨s ( ¥b ¦~ ¥Z )
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KSCG Net ¤å ¤Æ ½g - Âø »x
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º~ ¾Ç ¬ã ¨s ³q °T ( ©u ¥Z )
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¤¤ ¤å ¹q ¤l ¥Z ª« ( GB ½X )
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¥þ ²y µØ ¤å Âø »x ¥æ ¬y ºô
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»· ¨£ Âø »x ¢w ·s ¥x ÆW ¥Í ©R ¤O
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«Ø ¿v »P ¤å ¤Æ ¬ã ¨s ¶° ¥Z ²Ä ¤G ¶°
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¤¤ °ê ¬ã ¨s ¤å ºK ( Digest of Chinese Studies )
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AEstel
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Home Page of Anpin Tour ( ¦w ¥ ¨µ § )
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TW_serv WWW [ »O ÆW ¤å ¤Æ WWW ]
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