{"id":3325,"date":"2015-11-23T14:46:20","date_gmt":"2015-11-23T14:46:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=3325"},"modified":"2016-11-23T05:09:00","modified_gmt":"2016-11-23T05:09:00","slug":"%e5%9b%9e%e9%a1%a7%e6%ad%b7%e5%8f%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2015\/11\/23\/%e5%9b%9e%e9%a1%a7%e6%ad%b7%e5%8f%b2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u56de\u9867\u6b77\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u56de\u9867\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u201c\u5373\u5c07\u201d\u5206\u5d29\u96e2\u6790\u7684\u8aac\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u7531\u662f\u6587\u9769\u6642\u671f\u4e2d\u5171\u4ecd\u80fd\u652f\u6491\u5f97\u4f4f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u96e3\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u5171\u4eca\u5929\u201c\u5373\u5c07\u201c\u5206\u5d29\u96e2\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u6c38\u9060\u90fd\u662f\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u3001\u4ea6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u932f\u3002\u5c0d\u932f\u5728\u65bc\u6240\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ca\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u9031\u5ef6\u6027\u4e0a\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u5927\u3001\u591a\u5f3a\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u96e3\u5ea6\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u7a2e\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u9ad8\u3001\u800c\u53c8\u53ef\u5c0d\u61c9\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f <a href=\"http:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Study-History-Vol-Abridgement-Volumes\/dp\/0195050800?ie=UTF8&amp;keywords=Arnold%20Joseph%20Toynbee&amp;qid=1464706218&amp;ref_=sr_1_1&amp;s=books&amp;sr=1-1\">Arnold Joseph Toynbee\u300a\u6b77\u53f2\u7814\u7a76&#8221;<span id=\"productTitle\" class=\"a-size-extra-large\">A Study of History&#8221;<\/span>\u300b<\/a>\u6311\u6230\u8207\u56de\u61c9\u7684\u8a2d\u6e96\u3002\u9664\u975e\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3001\u547d\u5b9a\u8ad6\uff0c\u90a3\u53c8\u53e6\u7576\u5225\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u89c0\u9ede\u4e5f\u5927\u6709\u4eba\u5728<a href=\"http:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Decline-West-Oxford-Paperbacks\/dp\/0195066340\/ref=pd_bxgy_14_img_3?ie=UTF8&amp;refRID=0QYFHHGB9F99T0B9ADM0\">Oswald Arnold Gottfried Spengler\u7684\u300a\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6c92\u843d&#8221;<span id=\"productTitle\" class=\"a-size-extra-large\">The Decline of the West&#8221;<\/span>\u300b<\/a>\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u8868\u8868\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u6587\u9769\u6642\u671f\u4e2d\u5171\u4ecd\u80fd\u652f\u6491\u5f97\u4f4f\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u96e3\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u5171\u4eca\u5929\u201c\u5373\u5c07\u201c\u5206\u5d29\u96e2\u6790\u3002\u300d\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u3001\u4e5f\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u4f46\u5225\u5fd8\u4e86\uff0c\u82e5\u7136\u5c07\u6587\u9769\u6240\u8655\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u516d\u5e74\u81f3\u4e03\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6574\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u60f3\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u4e0d\u96e3\u7406\u89e3\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u80fd\u6491\u4e0b\u4f86\uff1b\u800c\u7528\u4e4b\u89e3\u91cb\u300c\u7576\u6642\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u5012\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u66f4\u4e0d\u6703\u5012\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u52d5\u7e8f\u7e5e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u662f\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u5c0d\u9ad4\u5236\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u767c\u8d77\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5982\u6297\u8b70\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3001\u793e\u6703\u9694\u96e2\u3001\u6d88\u8cbb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4f54\u6709\u617e\u3001\u7b49\u7d1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6c38\u4e16\u9577\u5b58\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\u5e38\u662f\u65b7\u7e8c\u7684\u3001\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\uff1b\u65e2\u767c\u660e\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u6027\u548c\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e86\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\u3002\u90a3\u5e74\u4ee3\u53ef\u8aaa\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u8655\u65bc\u706b\u7d05\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u516b\u5e74\uff0c\u6b63\u5982Immanuel Walleretein\u6240\u8aaa\u66f4\u662f\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5dd4\u5cf0\uff1a\u5176\u898f\u6a21\u4e4b\u5927\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u3001\u591a\u500b\u6230\u7dab\u5c55\u958b\u4e86\u591a\u5143\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>1966-76\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u9769\u6642\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u4ea6\u8655\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a<br \/>\n\u30021955-75\u5e74\u7684\u8d8a\u6230<br \/>\n\u30021950-53\u5e74\u7684\u97d3\u6230<br \/>\n\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u6fc0\u9032\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u8ff7\u5e7b\u85e5\u3001\u53cd\u6230\u3001\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u91d1\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u7b49\u7b49<br \/>\n\u540c\u6b65\u6b50\u6d32\u65b9\u9762\u4ea6\u8655\u65bc\u4e0d\u5b89\u4e4b\u4e2d\u2026\u2026<br \/>\n\u30021968\u5e748\u670828\u65e5\u8607\u806f\u5766\u514b\u9032\u5165\u6ce2\u862d\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u7684\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<br \/>\n\u3002\u5e2d\u5377\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u9023\u7576\u6642\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u6c99\u7279\u3001\u798f\u67ef\u3001\u5361\u7f2a\u4ea6\u53c3\u8207\u5176\u4e2d\u2026\u2026<br \/>\n\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u9130\u8fd1\u7684\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u8d64\u8ecd\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u52d5\u76ea\u2026\u2026<br \/>\n\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u8a66\u60f3\u82e5\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u662f\u8655\u65bc\u540c\u6a23\u52d5\u76ea\u3001\u6216\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u4e2d\u2026\u2026\u90a3\u6587\u9769\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u5f71\u97ff\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u4e2d\u570b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u6d41\u901a\u8207\u4eca\u65e5\u6bd4\u8f03\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u5c1a\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u5982\u6b64\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8207\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u5c1a\u4e14\u9084\u6709\u4e2d\u570b\u6700\u6068\u7684\u7f8e\u5e1d\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u63a5\u8fd1\u5d29\u76e4\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c3c\u514b\u905c\u7e3d\u7d71\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u4e2d\u83ef\u6c11\u570b\u800c\u53d6\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u4e2d\u83ef\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u570b\u5165\u4e86\u806f\u5408\u570b&#8230; 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src=\"https:\/\/scontent-hkg3-1.xx.fbcdn.net\/t31.0-8\/12241038_10153176199351641_2918949145234981810_o.jpg\" width=\"339\" height=\"237\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/scontent-hkg3-1.xx.fbcdn.net\/v\/t1.0-9\/12227165_10153176199551641_5001231748956588051_n.jpg?oh=db271c79d6a978b5097a11344bf4c330&amp;oe=58D4A53C\" width=\"339\" height=\"139\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/scontent-hkg3-1.xx.fbcdn.net\/v\/t1.0-9\/12249828_10153176199776641_5134579672092810892_n.jpg?oh=26077002c2b854d325cd4c573163c0db&amp;oe=58D3EB7E\" width=\"342\" height=\"228\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u56de\u9867\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff1a \u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u201c\u5373\u5c07\u201d\u5206\u5d29\u96e2\u6790\u7684\u8aac\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u7531\u662f\u6587\u9769\u6642\u671f\u4e2d\u5171\u4ecd\u80fd\u652f\u6491\u5f97\u4f4f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u96e3\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u5171\u4eca\u5929\u201c\u5373\u5c07\u201c\u5206\u5d29\u96e2\u6790\u3002 \u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u6c38\u9060\u90fd\u662f\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u3001\u4ea6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u932f\u3002\u5c0d\u932f\u5728\u65bc\u6240\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ca\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u9031\u5ef6\u6027\u4e0a\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u5927\u3001\u591a\u5f3a\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u96e3\u5ea6\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u7a2e\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u9ad8\u3001\u800c\u53c8\u53ef\u5c0d\u61c9\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f Arnold Joseph Toynbee\u300a\u6b77\u53f2\u7814\u7a76&#8221;A Study of History&#8221;\u300b\u6311\u6230\u8207\u56de\u61c9\u7684\u8a2d\u6e96\u3002\u9664\u975e\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3001\u547d\u5b9a\u8ad6\uff0c\u90a3\u53c8\u53e6\u7576\u5225\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u89c0\u9ede\u4e5f\u5927\u6709\u4eba\u5728Oswald 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