{"id":7083,"date":"2016-06-29T15:25:13","date_gmt":"2016-06-29T15:25:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=7083"},"modified":"2016-10-03T14:24:21","modified_gmt":"2016-10-03T14:24:21","slug":"ethics-of-voting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2016\/06\/29\/ethics-of-voting\/","title":{"rendered":"Ethics of Voting"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ethicists say voting with your heart, without a care about the consequences, is actually immoral<\/a><\/p>\n

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\nEthicists say voting with your heart, without a care about the consequences, is actually immoral<\/a>l\u00a0\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u8b1b\u7684\uff1b\u4ea6\u53ef\u53c3\u8003Jason Brennan\u7684\u201cThe Ethics \u00a0of Voting<\/a>\u201d\u4e00\u66f8<\/p>\n

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\n\u660e\u986f\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a18\u8005\u7684Olivia Goldhill\u5728\u5831\u5c0e\u6642\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\u8aa4\u89e3\u4e86Jason Brennan\u7684\u610f\u601d\u2026\u2026
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\n\u5408\u8cc7\u683c\u7684\u6295\u7968\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u5c31\u6703\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u548c\u6295\u7968\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n

X: \u52d5\u8f12\u5f15\u5165\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u4f9d\u6211\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6e90\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u8ff0\u8207\u884c\u52d5\u53ca\u67d0\u7a2e\u8eab\u4efd\u8a8d\u540c\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u5982\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u5c64\u9762\u4e00\u53cd\u5c0d\u5f7c\u65b9\uff0c\u5c31\u5373\u523b\u8b8a\u6210\u300c\u6392\u9664\u4ed6\u300d\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u6c7a\u65b7\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5f9e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u53cd\u5c0d\uff0c\u5247\u597d\u50cf\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u90a3\u9ebc\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u8aaa\u300c\u53cd\u5c0d\u300d\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u793a\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u5408\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\u4e0d\u76f8\u70ba\u8b00\uff0c\u4e0d\u81f4\u65bc\u8981\u6392\u9664\u5c0d\u65b9\u3002
\n\u4f46\u5728\u6211\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5fc3\u7406\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u672c\u8eab\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e0d\u53bb\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u66f4\u5371\u96aa<\/p>\n

W: C\u5144\u53e3\u9999\uff0c\u5c0f\u5f1f\u62dc\u8b1d\u514d\u88ab\u8cdc\u4e00\u6b7b\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u81f3\u65bc\u8aaa\u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u672a\u77e5\u6240\u6307\u70ba\u4f55…\uff1f<\/p>\n

W: \u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u548cX\u5750\u4e0b\u8ac7\u8ac7
\n\u5c0d\u6211\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8b80\u904eC\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5e7e\u6b21\uff0c\u9023\u540c\u5b78\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u6587\u5b57\u662f\u4f3c\u54f2\u5b78\u800c\u4e0d\u597d\u61c2<\/p>\n

X: \u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4eba\u4fbf\u6703\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8aaa\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u5927\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u6e90\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u9762\u5411\uff08\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u52d5\u6a5f\u800c\u8a00\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u9762\u5411\uff09
\n\u9019\u500b\u5f8c\u8a71\u5427\uff0c\u9010\u500b\u8ad6\u8b49\u9010\u500b\u8aaa\u624d\u662f\u91cd\u9ede<\/p>\n

W: \u626f\u5f97\u903a\u4e86<\/p>\n

X: \u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u8c48\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u9060\uff1f<\/p>\n

W: \u6211\u6c92\u8aaa\u904e\u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u5440\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u300c\u5c0d\u5440\uff01\u300d\u4e0d\u662f\u56de\u61c9\u90a3\u500b\u55ce\u22ef\u22ef\uff1f
\n\u5440\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u56de\u61c9\u300c\u52d5\u8f12\u5f15\u5165\u9053\u5fb7\u5f88\u5371\u96aa\u300d<\/p>\n

W: \u540c\u610f\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u6211\u8aaa\u5440<\/p>\n

C: \u6211\u6240\u8b02\/\/\u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\/\/\u6216\/\/\u5f15\u5165\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u8ff0\/\/\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u898b\u8aaa\u6210\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0d\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u90a3\u7576\u6642\u5c31\u5df2\u61c9\u6307\u51fa\u626f\u5f97\u9060\u4e86<\/p>\n

W: \u626f\u56de\u4f86\u4fbf\u662f\u4e86<\/p>\n

X: \u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u4ee5\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u540c\u7b49\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u4e00\u6848
\n\u6240\u6709*
\n\u6216\u8005\u6211\u5148\u56de\u5230\u90a3\u7bc7\u6587<\/p>\n

W: \u9084\u662f\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728S\u53e5\u7684\u601d\u8003\u5427\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u7a7a\u6216\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u8a71<\/p>\n

X: The purpose of voting is not to express your fidelity to a worldview. It\u2019s not to wave a flag or paint your face in team colors; it\u2019s to produce outcomes<\/p>\n

If they\u2019re smart, they\u2019ll vote for the candidate likely to best produce the outcome they want. That might very well be compromising, but if voting for a far-left or far-right candidate means that you\u2019re just going to lose the election, then you\u2019ve brought the world further away from justice rather than closer to it<\/p>\n

\u6211\u8b80\u9019\u5169\u6bb5\u662f\u95dc\u9375<\/p>\n

C: \u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u5927\u660e\u767d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u3002
\n\u6295\u7968\u7d66\u653f\u898b\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u5019\u9078\u4eba =\u300b\u7af6\u9078\u5931\u6557 =\u300b \u9060\u96e2\u516c\u7fa9<\/p>\n

W: \u5c0f\u5f1f\u8a66\u7c21\u8b6f\u610f\uff1a\u9192\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8b58\u63c0\u5e36\u4f86\u6700\u597d\u5f8c\u679c(\u96e3\u514d\u59a5\u5354)\u7684\u5019\u9078\u4eba\uff1b\u5426\u5247\uff0c\u63c0\u6975\u5de6\u6216\u6975\u53f3\uff0c\u4e0d\u55ae\u8f38\u6389\u9078\u8209\uff0c\u4e14\u66f4\u9060\u96e2\u516c\u7fa9\u3002\u9019\u61c9\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u9054\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u9053\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u88dc\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u627c\u8981\u8b1b\uff0c\u610f\u5373\uff1a\u8b58\u63c0\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u6700\u597d\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u4e14\u4ea6\u4e0d\u96e2\u516c\u7fa9\uff1b\u5982\u63c0\u6975\u5de6\u6216\u6975\u53f3\uff0c\u5247\u5f8c\u679c\u5dee\uff0c\u66f4\u9060\u96e2\u516c\u7fa9\u3002\u8a9e\u610f\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u63c0\u6975\u5de6\u6216\u6975\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u5443\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u4e0d\u9577\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff1a
\nThe political stakes in the UK and the US are high, yet both countries have of late embraced impractical candidates with far-left ideologies
\n\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u6574\u500b\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u5373\u662f\u6975\u7aef\u6d3e\u5df2\u7d93\u8d0f\u5f97\u9078\u8209\uff0c\u6309\u6b64\uff0c\u9806\u524d\u6587\u5f8c\u7406\uff0c\u4ed6\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u300c\uff08\u6975\u7aef\u6d3e\uff09\u7af6\u9078\u5931\u6557\u300d\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002
\n\u6587\u4e2d\u662f\u8981\u5c0d\u7acb\u5169\u7a2e\u9762\u5c0d\u6295\u7968\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u300c\u8868\u614b\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u300c\u8003\u616e\u6295\u7968\u662f\u5426\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u6700\u597d\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u592a\u540c\u610f\u6587\u4e2d\u628a\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u614b\u5ea6\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u7fa9\u52d9\u8ad6\u548c\u6548\u76ca\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u6574\u500b\u8ad6\u8b49\u61c9\u8a72\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u9019\u5f8c\u4e00\u9ede
\n\u6211\u500b\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\uff0c”ethics of voting”\u6307\u7684\u662f\u9762\u5c0d\u300c\u6295\u7968\u300d\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6709\u614b\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u6070\u7576\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u6070\u7576\u8207\u5426\u554f\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u6295\u7968\u4eba\u900f\u904e\u8003\u616e\u751a\u9ebc\u56e0\u7d20\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6295\u751a\u9ebc\u7968\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u6070\u7576\u7684\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\uff1f\u7c21\u4e4b\u5373\u300c\u5982\u4f55\u300d\u7406\u6027\u5730\u884c\u4f7f\u5176\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002
\n\u9019\u500b\u5207\u5165\u9ede\u9996\u5148\u5340\u5225\u958b\u300c\u662f\u5426\u61c9\u8981\u6709\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u300d\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e86\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u5730\u904b\u7528\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u6b64\u771f\u6709”ethics”\uff0c\u554f\u300c\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u55ce\u300d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\u7684\u3002
\n\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5340\u5225\u958b\u300c\u751a\u9ebc\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u624d\u662f\u5408\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u300d\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u679c\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6295\u7968\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\uff08”ethics”)\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5408\u516c\u7fa9\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u7684\u6295\u7968\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u516c\u7fa9\u554f\u984c\u7576\u7136\u662f\u56b4\u8085\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6240\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7406\u8ad6\u8981\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u89e3\u6c7a\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u6c7a\u6295\u7968\u7684\u6070\u7576\u614b\u5ea6\u554f\u984c
\n\u9019\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4e0a\u5f15\u6587\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u5373\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u4e0d\u662f\u6975\u5de6\u6216\u6975\u53f3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6295\u7968\u6642\u7684\u8003\u616e\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u6295\u7968\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u614b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4f60\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5408\u7406\u5730\u884c\u4f7f\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u3002\u7406\u7531\u662f\u300c\u6295\u7968\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u516c\u5171\u6c7a\u7b56\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4e00\u74b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u516c\u5171\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u53bb\u8003\u616e\u5b83\uff08\u5373\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u5b83\u6240\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6295\u7968\u53ea\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u9644\u5c6c\u54c1\uff0c\u5728\u73fe\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u73fe\u5be6\u4e43\u662f\u5404\u65b9\u5404\u6301\u5df1\u898b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u6295\u7968\u300d\u4fbf\u53ea\u5e36\u4f86\u6216\u6df1\u5316\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u52a9\u9577\u4e86\u50f5\u5c40\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u91cb\u653e\u5b83\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u6709\u7684\u300c\u8b93\u516c\u6c11\u5f97\u4ee5\u53c3\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u300d\u4e00\u6f5b\u80fd
\n\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u662f\u6975\u5de6\u6216\u6975\u53f3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u6070\u7576\u5730\u904b\u7528\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4f60\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u8003\u616e\u5230\u73fe\u5be6\u8655\u5883\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u5224\u65b7\u300c\u6975\u5de6\u6216\u6975\u53f3\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u662f\u7576\u4e0b\u653f\u6cbb\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u5728\u73fe\u5c46\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u6700\u597d\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u300d\u3002\u4f60\u672a\u5fc5\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u4f60\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6700\u5f8c\u516c\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u8aaa\u6975\u5de6\u6216\u6975\u53f3\u662f\u932f\u7684\uff08\u4ee5\u6548\u76ca\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u5247\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4f60\u4fbf\u72af\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u932f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u5730\u904b\u7528\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u7684\u932f\u3002
\n\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u6295\u7968\u4eba\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5408\u7406\u5730\u63a1\u53d6\u300c\u6b0a\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8a08\u300d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6295\u7968\u672c\u8eab\u6d89\u53ca\u5c0d\u7576\u4e0b\u653f\u5c40\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u9054\u65e2\u6709\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u539f\u662f\u6975\u5de6\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u616e\u5230\u6975\u5de6\u6d3e\u96d6\u7136\u7406\u5ff5\u6b63\u78ba\u3001\u537b\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u7576\u4e0b\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u7531\u4e4b\u6295\u7968\u7d66\u9069\u7528\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7acb\u5834\u3002
\n\u9019\u662f\u5426\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u751a\u9ebc\u653f\u6cbb\uff08\u9ee8\uff09\u5fe0\u8aa0\u4e4b\u985e\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u5f85\u5546\u69b7\u3002
\n\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u8b02”brought the world further away from justice”\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u5730\u904b\u7528\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u6c92\u6709\u7a4d\u6975\u5730\u7522\u751f\u751a\u9ebc\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5373\u7b49\u65bc\u9055\u53cd\u516c\u7fa9\u539f\u5247
\n\u9019\u662f\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

W: S\u53e5\u662f\u5728\u8aaa\u67d0\u4e9b\u6295\u7968\u4eba\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u7d14\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64S\u53e5\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e0d\u80fd\u812b\u96e2\u6295\u7968\u4eba\u800c\u8aaa\uff0c\u5426\u5247S\u53e5\u4fbf\u8b8a\u6210\u4e0d\u662fS\u53e5\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4fbf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8a0e\u8ad6S\u53e5\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u8ab2\u984c\u6216\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u66f8\u3002\u6545\u958b\u59cb\u6211\u5373\u63d0\u51fa\u5c0dS\u53e5\u53ef\u5982\u4f55\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u7576\u6211\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u90a3\u7bc7\u6587\u5427\uff0cS\u53e5\u8207\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u540c\u7fa9\uff0c\u59d1\u4e14\u53e6\u884c\u8a0e\u8ad6<\/p>\n

W: \u6211\u8aaaS\u53e5\u662f\u96b1\u542b\u8b2c\u8aa4\u7684\u5178\u578b\uff0cM\u8aaa\u9858\u805e\u5176\u8a73\uff0c\u6211\u624d\u5217\u51fa\u7d04\u516d\u3001\u4e03\u9ede\u3002\u6bcf\u9ede\u662f\u5426\u59a5\u7576\u81ea\u53ef\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6216\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u6211\u4fbf\u771f\u662f\u7121\u8a71\u53ef\u8aaa\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u4f46\u4f60\u5728\u8ad6\u8b49\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u8b2c\u8aa4\u6642\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u9818\u57df\u8207\u8a72\u6587\u662f\u6709\u91cd\u758a\u7684\u3002
\n\u7576\u7136\u6211\u5011\u7e3d\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u8a2d\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u8a66\u5716\u8a55\u50f9\u4e4b<\/p>\n

W: \u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u548c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4e9b\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u8981\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u8b58\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u5343\u842c\u500b\u6295\u7968\u4eba\uff0c\u8c48\u6703\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\uff1f\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u7d42\u552f\u6709\u7528\u6b63\u53cd\u4e8c\u9805\u5c0d\u7acb\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9078\u4e00\u7684\u6295\u7968\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6295\u7968\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e0d\u7406\u6027\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u6709\u77e5\u8b58\u7121\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u5167\u5fc3\u60f3\u6771\u6216\u897f\u3001\u5fc3\u60c5\u662f\u559c\u6216\u6182\u3001\u5bcc\u6216\u8ca7\u3001\u80a5\u9ad8\u77ee\u7626\u3001\u5e74\u7d00\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u662f\u7537\u6216\u5973\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5408\u4e4e\u6cd5\u4f8b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4fbf\u90fd\u53ef\u64c1\u6709\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6295\u7968\u884c\u70ba\u5982\u7121\u9055\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u6295\u7684\u7968\u90fd\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u7576\u4f5c\u6709\u6548\u8ad6\u3002\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u6295\u7968\u53ea\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u5169\u5929\u4fbf\u53ef\u6c7a\u51fa\u7d50\u679c\u3002
\n\u9019\u6a23\u7528\u516c\u6295\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u6709\u5176\u54f2\u5b78\u542b\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f8c\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u6216\u53ef\u518d\u70ba\u4e00\u6587\u8aaa\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u597d\uff01<\/p>\n

C: \u7d93X\u7684\u758f\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u660e\u767d ethics of voting \u7684\u610f\u7fa9<\/p>\n

H: \u6628\u665a\u5149\u660e\u9802\u6709\u5bb6\u8cd3\u9ec3\u4e16\u6fa4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u53ca\u6b50\u6d32\u61b2\u6cd5\u5f88\u6709\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u53ef\u5728YouTube \u8fd4\u807d\uff0c\u8aaa\u7576\u4e0b\u82f1\u570b\u4e4b\u56f0\u5c40\u53ca\u6709\u4e5c\u62db\u6578\u62c6\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

C: X\u662f\u5b78\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u963fW\u4e0a\u9762\u8ac7\u53ca\u7684\u6295\u7968\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u7686\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u8996\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5373\u4f7f\u7d93\u904e\u5145\u5206\u800c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u601d\u8003\u53ca\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6295\u7968\u4eba\u7686\u771f\u5fc3\u672c\u7740\u516c\u7fa9\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u5730\u9053\u5fb7\u5730\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u53c8\u6703\u5426\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5462? \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u53c8\u53ef\u5426\u3001\u6703\u5426\u6307\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u70ba\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5462?
\n\u5c31\u6b64\u6c42\u6559\u65bc\u5404\u4f4d<\/p>\n

W: \u6881\u7279\u548c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e0d\u662f\u5e38\u547c\u7c72\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u8981\u7406\u6027\u3001\u52d9\u5be6\u3001\u9867\u5168\u5927\u5c40\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6c7a\u41ff\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b(\u5305\u62ec\u516c\u6295)\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u7cbe\u82f1(\u54f2\u738b)\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u5f37\u6b0a\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u512a\u52a3\u5247\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u8ab2\u984c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

M: \u82e5\u7136 *\u5df2\u77e5*<\/strong> _\u300c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6295\u7968\u4eba\u7686\u771f\u5fc3\u672c\u7740\u516c\u7fa9\u3001\u7406\u6027\u5730\u9053\u5fb7\u5730\u6295\u7968\u300d_<\/em> \u90a3\u7121\u8ad6\u7d50\u679c\u5982\u4f55\u53c8\u600e\u6703\u6307\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\uff1f \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7121\u8cf4\u3001\u6216\u4e2d\u5171<\/p>\n

C: M\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u90e8\u843d\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u3002\u597d\u4eba\u5011\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u7f75\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n

M: \u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u662f\u6703\u7684\u2026\u2026
\n\u4eba\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u591a\u662f\u3001\u6216\u6839\u672c\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684<\/p>\n

W: \u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u771f\u5fc3\u3001\u7406\u6027\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u516c\u7fa9\u3001\u611b\u570b\u7b49\u5982\u679c\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u610f\u6307\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6216\u7cbe\u795e\u6d3b\u52d5(\u751a\u81f3\u884c\u70ba)\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u600e\u6a23\u9a57\u8b49\uff1f\u548c\u7531\u8ab0\u53bb\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6545\u70ba\u6975\u6b0a\u8005\u6216\u7368\u88c1\u8005\u6240\u559c\u7528\u3002\u6a19\u7c64\u8ab0\u88fd\u8ab0\u8cbc\u8ab0\u6709\u6b0a\u57f7\u884c\uff1f
\n\u516c\u6295\u7684\u80cc\u5f8c\u662f\u9810\u8a2d\u4e86\u5404\u5408\u8cc7\u683c\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4efd\u91cf\u5e73\u7b49(\u6c92\u6709\u8ab0\u51cc\u99d5\u8ab0\uff0c\u9996\u76f8\u3001\u5973\u7687\u3001\u78a7\u54b8\u90fd\u548c\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u57fa\u5c64\u5982\u7684\u58eb\u53f8\u6a5f\u7b49\uff0c\u7686\u7968\u4efd\u5e73\u7b49)\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u7531\u5168\u90e8\u6b63\u6216\u53cd\u5404\u4e00\u4efd\u91cf\u7684\u7e3d\u548c\u5c0d\u8f03\u5b9a\u52dd\u8ca0\uff0c\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5168\u90fd\u4e0d\u8a08\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u542b\u7fa9\u3002
\n\u516c\u6295\u548c\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u5408\u8207\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u54f2\u5b78\u542b\u7fa9\u9817\u6709\u8da3\uff01
\n\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u7406\u6027\u7b49\u6700\u597d\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u7b97\u4f60\u4e00\u7968\u5427\u4e86\u3002\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u9ede\u7968\u6642\u90fd\u4e0d\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u95dc\u65bc\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7406\u6027\u7684\u96d9\u65b9\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002
\n\u9019\u6a23\u8868\u9054\u7d42\u65bc\u660e\u767d\u70ba\u4f55\u8aaa\u300c\u52d5\u8f12\u5f15\u5165\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5f88\u5371\u96aa\u300d\u4e86\uff0cturn out\u8207ethics of voting\u4e0d\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7368\u7acb\u8655\u7406\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u70ba\u4f55ethics of voting\u4f55\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5fc5\u662f\u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u3002
\n\u6211\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4f46\u7d42\u7a76\u672a\u5f97\u51fa\u500b\u6240\u4ee5\u7136\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

C\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u90e8\u843d<\/a>\u300b\uff0c\u4ea6\u60f3\u8d77\u9019\u672c\u300a\u597d\u4eba\u7e3d\u662f\u81ea\u4ee5\u70ba\u662f<\/a>\u300b\u3002\u5373\u6211\u6240\u8b02\/\/\u6cdb\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\/\/\u7684\u5371\u96aa<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4ea6\u540c\u610f\u5c0f\u838a\u5b50\u8b02\/\/\u5728\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e0d\u53bb\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u66f4\u5371\u96aa\/\/\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u8aac\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u6211\u8aac\u9019\u662f\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u6020\u60f0\u3002
\n\u6240\u8b02\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6b78\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u51f1\u6492\u7684\u6b78\u51f1\u85a9\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u5426\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u6b78\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6b78\u653f\u6cbb\u9019\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u754c\u7dab\u81ea\u96e3\u5283\u5206\u3002\u6211\u7c97\u6dfa\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f: \u82e5\u653f\u6cbb\u4e8b\u60c5\u5df2\u89f8\u53ca\u6211\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5e95\u7dab\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u5927\u662f\u5927\u975e\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u9769\u516d\u56db\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u548c\u5805\u6301\u3002\u82e5\u8b70\u984c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8f03\u597d\u5730\u5b89\u6392\u5927\u8846\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5982\u5168\u6c11\u9000\u4fdd\u3001\u8131\u6b50\u7b49\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u89ba\u5f97\u9700\u8981\u626f\u4e0a\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u8ff0 (\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u63a8\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u9000\u4fdd\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684)\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u653f\u6cbb\u8b70\u984c\u7686\u9700\u8ad6\u53ca\u9053\u5fb7\u3002
\n\u4e0d\u597d\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u6253\u65b7\u4e86\u5c0f\u838a\u5b50\u7684\u8a71\u67c4\uff0c\u6709\u7a7a\u8acb\u7e7c\u7e8c\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u8acb\u96a8\u610f\u6253\u65b7
\n\u4e00\u6703\u88dc\u56de<\/p>\n

C: \u54c8<\/p>\n

W: C\u5144\u4e4b\u554f\u6975\u597d\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u727d\u6e09\u5230\u5c0d\u9053\u5fb7\u672c\u6027(\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u751a\u9ebc)\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u500b\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u516d\u56db\u662f\u5927\u662f\u5927\u975e\uff0c\u8001\u5171\u4e5f\u5982\u6b64\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u662f\u4ed6\u5c0d\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6211\u5c0d\uff1f\u8001\u5171\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u64c7\u624b\u6bb5\u6709\u5229\u5168\u570b\u7a69\u5b9a\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u5c40\u5168\u6c11\u4e4b\u5229\uff0c\u96e3\u8aaa\u9019\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u662f\u5927\u975e\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u70ba\u7684\u8981\u8aaa\u660e\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u3002
\n\u5f9e\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u5b78\u4ecd\u672a\u80fd\u7368\u7acb\u6210\u79d1\uff0c\u5982\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u7b49\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u60f3\u50cf\u5176\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u7336\u8c6b\uff01\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4eba\u985e\u6574\u9ad4\u4ecd\u672a\u80fd\uff0c\u6216\u4ecd\u672a\u7b97\u5c0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5b78\u638c\u63e1\u81f3\u80fd\u4f7f\u5176\u7368\u7acb\u6210\u79d1\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u96e3\u89e3\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\uff1f
\n\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\u6d3b\u52d5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u542b\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u505a\u751f\u610f\u3001\u6559\u5b78\u3001\u884c\u91ab\u3001\u8077\u5872\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u8fa6\u5831\u3001\u958b\u8ced\u4e43\u81f3\u6295\u7968\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5404\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u9053\u5fb7\u6216\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u5982\u6709\u5171\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4f5c\u5982\u4f55\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff1f\u8fa6\u5831\u7d14\u70ba\u4e86\u5229\uff0c\u548c\u8fa6\u5831\u7d14\u70ba\u4e86\u505a\u53e3\u820c\uff0c\u8ab0\u5c0d\u8ab0\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff1f\u5c0d\u932f\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u5728\u4f55\u8655\uff1f\u7531\u8ab0\u53bb\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff1f\u9053\u5fb7\u5982\u6642\u9593\u822c\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u53bb\u60f3\u5b83\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u5f88\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4f46\u8d8a\u60f3\u5b83\u4fbf\u53c8\u8d8a\u597d\u50cf\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u8036\u6559\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u60f3\u4e86\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u9053\u7406\u53c8\u4f55\u5728\uff1f
\n\u6c11\u5efa\u806f\u9078\u64c7\u79ae\u7fa9\u5ec9\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u6065\uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff1f\u5c31\u7b97\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n

X: \u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u5b58\u5728\u300c\u7406\u6027\u96d9\u65b9\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u9019\u81f3\u5c11\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5169\u65b9\u80fd\u5408\u683c\u5730\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u7406\u6027\u8005\u300d\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u8207\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u63a1\u53d6\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u610f\u898b\u7684\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u5169\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u758a\u3002\u5426\u5247\uff0c\u300c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u300d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4fbf\u6703\u8981\u6c42\u7406\u6027\u8005\u63a1\u53d6\u540c\u6a23\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u9019\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\u300c\u7406\u6027\u96d9\u65b9\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u4f46\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u7406\u6027\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u300d\u6642\uff0c\u524d\u5f8c\u5169\u500b\u300c\u7406\u6027\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u5426\u5247\u8981\u9ebc\u5169\u65b9\u7684\u300c\u7406\u6027\u300d\u89c0\u5ff5\u5b8c\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3001\u7531\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u6240\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u8981\u9ebc\u610f\u898b\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u4fbf\u53ea\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u908f\u8f2f\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u50cf\u6211\u8aaa\u300c\u6c34\u662f\u6db2\u9ad4\u300d\u4f60\u8aaa\u300c\u6c34\u4e0d\u662f\u6db2\u9ad4\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6a23\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u76f8\u7576\u660e\u986f\u5730\u986f\u5f97\u904e\u65bc\u55ae\u8584\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u53cd\u6620\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u7531\u5404\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u5dee\u7570\u505a\u6210\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u958b\u5169\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u300c\u7406\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u300c\u6982\u5ff5\u601d\u7dad\u80fd\u529b\u300d\uff08\u5728\u7406\u8ad6\u9818\u57df\uff09\u548c\u300c\u4f9d\u610f\u5fd7\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u50be\u5411\u3001\u7fd2\u6163\u3001\u6b32\u671b\uff09\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u9818\u57df\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u6307\u7279\u6b8a\u8b70\u984c\u4e0b\u61c9\u8a72\u4f5c\u51fa\u4f55\u7a2e\u770b\u6cd5\u3001\u63a1\u53d6\u54ea\u7a2e\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u66ab\u4ee5\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u300d\u8207\u300c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u300d\u5340\u5206\u4e4b\u3002
\n\u9019\u6a23\u5340\u5206\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u597d\u8655\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5340\u5206\u958b\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u8207\u865b\u5047\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u6027\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u65b7\u5371\u8a00\u8073\u807d\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u80fd\u8aaa\u660e\u4ed6\u4f55\u4ee5\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u9593\u63a5\u5730\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e0d\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u61c9\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4ed6\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7acb\u5834\u662f\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\uff08\u5b83\u5011\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u672c\u662f\u4e9b\u7121\u6cd5\u8b49\u660e\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u63a8\u7ffb\u7684\u5047\u554f\u984c\uff09\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5177\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u6027\u8005\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u4fbf\u662f\u76f8\u5e72\u7684\u3002
\n\u65bc\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4fbf\u4e8b\u95dc\u91cd\u5927\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u7576\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5546\u69b7\uff0c\u4f46\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8aaa\u8fa8\u8a8d\u5728\u8655\u5883\u4e2d\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u539f\u5247\u76f8\u5e72\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9805\u76ee\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u89e3\u91cb\u3001\u806f\u7e6b\u4ee5\u5206\u985e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u5225\u9593\u627e\u51fa\u539f\u5247\u4ee5\u9810\u793a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6309\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u985e\u7d44\u5408\u60f3\u50cf\u4e0d\u540c\u5047\u8a2d\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u985e\u4ee5\u5c0d\u8655\u5883\u9032\u884c\u518d\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u9ad4\u5716\u666f\u4e2d\u70ba\u4e00\u7279\u8cea\u52a0\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f9d\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u6392\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u8cea\u4e4b\u6b21\u5e8f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u9ad8\u5c64\u5e8f\u601d\u60f3\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6309\u771f\u7406\u70ba\u6307\u6a19\u9032\u884c\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\uff08\u66ab\u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u7406\u8ad6\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5be6\u8e10\u9818\u57df\u96d6\u6d89\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u884c\u52d5\u7576\u4e0b\u540c\u6642\u9810\u5148\u60f3\u50cf\u5f8c\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u61c9\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u5982\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\uff09\u3002
\n\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u5bec\u6cdb\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5617\u8a66\u8aaa\u300c\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u8868\u73fe\u300d\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u843d\u5be6\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4ee5\u300c\uff08\u7d55\u5c0d\uff09\u666e\u904d\u6027\u300d\u4e00\u9805\u4f5c\u70ba\u771f\u7406\u7684\u300c\u8a8d\u8b58\u7279\u5fb5\u300d\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6642\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u8cac\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6e9d\u901a\u4e0a\u7684\u5931\u6557\u90fd\u662f\u5c31\u666e\u904d\u6027\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5931\u843d\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u63a8\u8ad6\u662f\uff1a\u65e2\u7136\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e5f\u662f\u5177\u6709\uff08\u4e00\u822c\uff09\u7406\u6027\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u6703\u6bd4\u4f60\u5dee\uff0c\u800c\u9053\u5fb7\u65e2\u7136\u61c9\u8a72\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u6709\u7406\u6027\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u5c31\u986f\u793a\u5c1a\u672a\u9054\u6210\u666e\u904d\u6027\u9019\u500b\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u6307\u8cac\u3002
\n\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5f9e\u5fc5\u9808\u5171\u540c\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\uff09\u53bb\u8b49\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c64\u5e8f\u7684\u3001\u537b\u53c8\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff1a\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u66ab\u6642\u61f8\u7f6e\u9053\u5fb7\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5224\u65b7\u3002
\n\u800c\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u5f9e\u9053\u5fb7\u70ba\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u8b49\u7acb\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8a2d\u9650\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u6216\u6709\u8faf\u8b49\u53ef\u8aaa\u3002
\n\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u767c\u63ee\u300c\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u8868\u73fe\u300d\u4e00\u7fa9\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a66\u5716\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u6027\u8207\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u90a3\u4e9b\u7d30\u7bc0\uff08\u5982\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u3001\u5c0d\u9053\u5fb7\u8655\u5883\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6bd4\u8f03\uff09\uff1f\u6703\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\u98a8\u683c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u91cd\u8996\u60f3\u50cf\u8207\u91cd\u8996\u539f\u5247\u600e\u6a23\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\uff1f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002
\n\u8981\u4e4b\uff0c\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5340\u5206\u958b\u300c\u627e\u5c0b\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u8ad6\u300d\u7684\u5be6\u8cea\u7684\u7406\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u300c\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\u5f8c\u679c\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7acb\u5834\u53c8\u6709\u5e7e\u7a2e\u8b49\u7acb\u65b9\u5f0f\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u7d14\u7cb9\u95e1\u91cb\u6027\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u7d50\u8ad6\u7684\u7406\u6027\u904b\u7528\u3002\u5426\u5247\u8d85\u51fa\u4e00\u5df1\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6839\u672c\u7121\u5f9e\u958b\u59cb\u3002
\n\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88dc\u5145\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7684\u300c\u516c\u5171\u904b\u7528\u300d\u548c\u300c\u79c1\u4eba\u904b\u7528\u300d\uff0c\u5340\u5206\u958b\u54ea\u4e9b\u5dee\u7570\u7d14\u7cb9\u662f\u6587\u5316\u7fd2\u4fd7\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u524d\u8005\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u771f\u503c\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u50cf\u8aaa\u300c\u9019\u88e1\u4e0b\u96e8\u4e86\u300d\uff08it is raining HERE)\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u8655\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u7acb\u65bc\u8aaa\u300c\u4e0b\u96e8\u4e86\u300d\uff08IT is raining)\uff0c\u6848\u5176\u4e2d\u865b\u4e3b\u8a5e”it” \u8655\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0d\u662f\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8a71\u8a9e\u672c\u8eab\u767c\u751f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u7d93\u9a57\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5167\u5bb9\u53bb\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5b83\u6240\u6307\u7684\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5176\u771f\u503c\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\u3002
\n\u61c9\u7528\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u5982\u8aaa\u300c\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5c6c\u5167\u5bb9\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6240\u6307\u4e00\u985e\uff0c\u800c\u8aaa\u300c\u61c9\u8a72\u6309\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u53c3\u8207\u95dc\u6ce8\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u300d\u4fbf\u53ef\u80fd\u5c6c\u7d93\u9a57\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6240\u6307\u4e00\u985e\u3002
\n\u9019\u500b\u5340\u5206\u66ab\u53ea\u662f\u7d04\u7565\u5e36\u5230\uff0c\u82e5\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u6e05\u695a\u8acb\u5148\u7565\u904e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b8c<\/p>\n

W: X\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u7247\u6bb5\uff1a
\n\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u5b58\u5728\u300c\u7406\u6027\u96d9\u65b9\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u9019\u81f3\u5c11\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5169\u65b9\u80fd\u5408\u683c\u5730\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u7406\u6027\u8005\u300d\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u8207\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u63a1\u53d6\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u610f\u898b\u7684\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u5169\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u758a\u3002
\nW\u8a55\uff1a\u300c\u7406\u6027\u96d9\u65b9\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u539f\u672c\u9084\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u8868\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u7d93\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u3010\u9019\u81f3\u5c11\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5169\u65b9\u80fd\u5408\u683c\u5730\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u7406\u6027\u8005\u300d\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u8207\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u63a1\u53d6\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u610f\u898b\u7684\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u5169\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u758a\u3002\u3011\u5c31\u96e3\u660e\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7121\u7aef\u6dfb\u52a0\u201c\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u201d\u4e26\u4e14\u8aaa\u5169\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u201d\u7684\u5169\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u9593\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u66e1\uff0c\u4fbf\u8d8a\u8aaa\u8d8a\u96e3\u89e3\u3002
\n\u79c1\u610f\u4ee5\u70ba\uff1a\u82e5\u60f3\u5c07\u300c\u7406\u6027\u96d9\u65b9\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71
\n\u6539\u7528\u7b26\u865f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8868\u9054\uff0c\u5247\u6216\u53ef\u8a66\u4f5c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7406\u6027=R\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u5373x\u548cy\uff0c\u800c\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u5047\u8a2d\u5373\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u4e26\u8a2d\u5b9a\u70ba#1\u548c#2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7528\u7b26\u865f\u6539\u5beb\u4fbf\u6210\uff1aRx#1\u548cRy#2\uff0c\u7528\u6587\u5b57\u518d\u8aaa\u4fbf\u662f\uff1ax\u4eba\u5177R\u7279\u8cea\u4e26\u6301#1\u610f\u898b\uff1by\u4eba\u4ea6\u5177R\u7279\u8cea\u4f46\u6301#2\u610f\u898b\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u65e2\u7121\u589e\u6e1b\u539f\u6587\u539f\u610f\uff0c\u800c\u53c8\u540c\u6a23\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5982\u7528\u6587\u5b57\u518d\u8aaa\u4fbf\u986f\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u56c9\u55e6\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u7b26\u865f\u8868\u9054\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4ea6\u4e0d\u592a\u7fd2\u6163\u3002\u7b26\u865f\u5316\u7576\u7136\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u4fbf\u66ab\u4e14\u4e0d\u8868\u4e86\u3002
\n\u82e5\u60f3\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8a55\u8ad6\u300c\u7406\u6027\u96d9\u65b9\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8aaa\u96d9\u65b9\u662f\u7406\u6027\u61c9\u53ea\u662f\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u4eba\u53ef\u554f\uff1a\u6240\u63d0\u7406\u6027\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u5982\u7406\u6027\u662f\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9a57\u8b49\uff1f\u9a57\u8b49\u6a19\u6e96\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u7531\u90a3\u500b\u516c\u8b49\u4eba\u9a57\u8b49\uff1f\u8981\u89e3\u7b54\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7a0d\u70ba\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6975\u6982\u62ec\u800c\u53c8\u5e36\u4e3b\u89c0\u5fc3\u7406\u6216\u7cbe\u795e\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7528\u8a9e\u61c9\u76e1\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u8f49\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u6aa2\u67e5\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u898b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u6216\u6210\u7acb(\u78ba\u7acb)\u7684\u5f37\u5f31\u3002\u4f46\u8aaa\u8005\u53c8\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u5169\u4eba\u610f\u898b\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6b32\u8a55\u4ea6\u7121\u5f9e\u8a55\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

M: \u300c\u6975\u6982\u62ec\u800c\u53c8\u5e36\u4e3b\u89c0\u5fc3\u7406\u6216\u7cbe\u795e\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7528\u8a9e\u300d\u2026\u2026 ?<\/p>\n

W: \u5eb7\u5fb7\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u6279\u5224\u90fd\u662f\u5c08\u8ac7\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u4e0d\u5920\u6982\u62ec\uff1f\u4e26\u4e14\u7406\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u5916\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u67d0\u7269\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u6771\u897f\u55ce\uff1f\u4f46\u53c8\u5207\u4e0d\u8981\u8aa4\u6703\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u65e2\u662f\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u4fbf\u6c92\u6709\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u4e86\u3002\u8a73\u7d30\u4fbf\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u88e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u7528\u7406\u6027\u6b64\u8a9e\u66f4\u6cdb\u3002
\n\u60f3\u60f3\u9023\u8001\u5171\u548c\u6881\u7279\u90fd\u52f8\u4eba\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u4fbf\u77e5\u9053\u6b64\u8a9e\u6975\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u6feb\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

M: …<\/p>\n

W: \u8b80\u66f8\u96e3\uff0c\u8b80\u54f2\u5b78\u66f4\u96e3\uff01<\/p>\n

M:
\n\u8b80\u66f8\u4e0d\u96e3\uff0c\u8b80\u54f2\u5b78\u96d6\u96e3\u4ea6\u4e0d\u96e3\u3002\u80fd\u865b\u5fc3\u81ea\u77e5\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u66f4\u96e3\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

W: \u5728\u5b78\u9662\u6642\uff0c\u807d\u5f35\u67d0\u8001\u5e2b\u8ab2\u8b1b\u6b50\u9678\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u6975\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u4ea6\u5f88\u843d\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u7d66\u6211\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u662f\u96dc\u4e82\u3002\u5f35\u8001\u5e2b\u7576\u6642\u5df2\u7559\u5b78\u5fb7\u570b\u8b80\u5b8c\u535a\u58eb\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e2d\u5927\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u78a9\u58eb\uff0c\u7576\u5e74\u80fd\u5165\u4e2d\u5927\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u7cbe\u82f1\u4e2d\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u5230\u8b1b\u8ab2\uff0c\u843d\u5dee\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\u6211\u4fbf\u5e38\u81ea\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8001\u5e2b\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u96e3\u5b78\u3002M\u9ad8\u660e\uff01<\/p>\n

M: \u80fd\u865b\u5fc3\u81ea\u77e5\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u96d6\u96e3\uff0c\u80fd\u76f4\u9762\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u624d\u662f\u771f\u96e3\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

W:
\n\u66f4\u9ad8\u660e\u4e86\uff01
\n\u6881\u67d0\u8001\u5e2b\u4e5f\u51fa\u76e1\u529b\u53bb\u8b1b\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f\u725b\u76ae\u71c8\u7c60\u3002\u90a3\u6642\u7684\u6881\u8001\u5e2b\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u4fee\u70ba\u5df2\u6709\u5341\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5427\uff01\u4e0d\u662f\u8001\u5e2b\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u96e3\uff0c\u6216\u6211\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u751f\u8cc7\u8cea\u548c\u8a13\u7df4\u903a\u672a\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u5230\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9ebb\u7169\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u7d66\u6587\u7ae0\u6263\u5e3d\u5b50\u3002
\n\u9a57\u8b49\u8ad6verificationism\u64daHilary Putnam\u5831\u66fe\u662f\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u4e3b\u7686\u5728\u65bc\uff1a\u51e1\u7121\u6cd5\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u7686\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5982\u795e\u5b78\u8a9e\u53e5\u3001\u50f9\u503c\u5224\u65b7\u7b49\u662f\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u672a\u5fc5\u63a1\u6b64\u5f37\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\u8ac7\u52d5\u6a5f\uff08\u6628\u5929\uff09\u3001\u8a55\u50f9\u4ed6\u4eba\u3001\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u78ba\u5207\u7406\u89e3\u4e5f\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5148\u8655\u7406\u9a57\u8b49\u554f\u984c\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u9084\u662f\u8d70\u4e0d\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u7262\u623f\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3Peacocke\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u653e\u5bec\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u63e1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u50c5\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u822c\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u8a9e\u53e5\u3002\u6211\u7528\u6587\u5b57\u50b3\u905e\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u4e86\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u95dc\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u671f\u9593\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u8003\u616e\u300c\u9a57\u8b49\u300d\u554f\u984c\u624d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u8a00\u4e00\u8a9e\uff1f\u4e0d\u7528\uff0c\u5373\u9a57\u8b49\u554f\u984c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u975e\u5fc5\u51fa\u73fe\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

W: \u662f\u6211\u63d0\uff0c\u4e0d\u95dcX\u4e8b
\n\u5c0d\u5440\uff01\u8001\u5171\u548c\u6881\u7279\u4e5f\u52f8\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u5440\uff01\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5c08\u66f8\u8b1b\u7406\u6027\u3002\u90fd\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7528\u8a9e\uff0c\u4f9d\u8ab0\u7684\uff1f\u8ab0\u7684\u5c0d\uff1f
\n\u6211\u63d0\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u8a55\u90a3\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u5c08\u9580\u8ac7\u9a57\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u8b1b\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff0c\u5916\u5728\uff0c\u4e3b\u89c0\u3001\u5ba2\u89c0…..\u5916\u5728\u8207\u5426\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6307\u300c\u5728\u4eba\u4ee5\u5916\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u7121\u95dc\u75db\u7662\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5eb7\u5fb7\u9084\u5728\u7cfe\u7e8f\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u300c\u5728\u4eba\u5167\/\u5916\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u904e\u65bc\u542b\u7cca\u6545\u3002\u82e5\u4f9d\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff0c\u76f4\u89c0\u662f\u88ab\u52d5\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u7d66\u5b83\u8a0a\u606f\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u6982\u5ff5\u53c8\u8868\u793a\u4eba\u4e3b\u52d5\u7d66\u51fa\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u800c\u77e5\u8b58\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5167\u5728\u9084\u662f\u5916\u5728\uff1f
\n\u554f\u984c\u662f\u5167\u5916\u5728\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e3b\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u4eba\u5011\u96e3\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u662f\u5426\u5916\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u300c\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u300d\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920\u7531\u4eba\u985e\u7406\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u8ca0\u8cac\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u7d93\u9a57\u8ad6\u8005\u898f\u5b9a\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u8981\u8aaa\u300c\u5373\u4f7f\u6c92\u4eba\u5b83\u4ecd\u81ea\u5728\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u300d\u624d\u80fd\u8aaa\u5ba2\u89c0\u3002<\/p>\n

W: X\u8b1b\u5f97\u6df1\uff0c\u6211\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u4f9d\u6211\u6dfa\u898b\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5316\u6e2c\u8a66\u5df2\u7d93\u8db3\u4ee5\u5426\u5b9a\u4e2d\u5171\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u662f\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7528\u7406\u6027\u4e00\u8a5e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u662f\u5426\u4f9d\u6709\u95dc\u539f\u5247\u81ea\u6211\u8a55\u65b7
\n\u95dc\u65bc\u6211\u7684\u90a3\u5e7e\u53e5\uff0c\u662f\u5beb\u8907\u96dc\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4e0d\u5920\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u62b1\u6b49\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u7b26\u865f\u5316\u90a3\u500b\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n

W: \u6211\u898b\u5230X\u6642\uff0c\u77e5X\u5728\u6211\u5916\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u639b\u5ff5M\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u6211\u7684\u639b\u5ff5\u4e0d\u5728\u5916\u9762\u3002\u5c31\u9019\u9ebc\u7c21\u55ae\uff01<\/p>\n

X\u8d8a\u626f\u5f97\u903a\uff0c\u6211\u4fbf\u8d8a\u89ba\u7cca\u5857\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u66f4\u6b63\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u5b58\u5728\u300c\u7406\u6027\u96d9\u65b9\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u9019\u81f3\u5c11\u8868\u660e\uff0c1\uff09\u4f7f\u5169\u65b9\u80fd\u5408\u683c\u5730\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u7406\u6027\u8005\u300d\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u82072\uff09\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u56e0\u5404\u7a2e\u8003\u616e\u800c\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u758a\u3002<\/p>\n

W: \u6211\u771f\u7684\u6015\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\uff01<\/p>\n

M: \u54f2\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5c0d\u81ea\u8eab\u667a\u529b\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u6015\u5b83<\/p>\n

W: \u8b80\u7f85\u7d20\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u89ba\u4eab\u53d7\uff0c\u8b80\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff0c\u6211\u89ba\u5728\u78e8\u7df4\u5f97\u76ca\uff0c\u8b80\u9ed1\u683c\u723e\u6211\u89ba\u591a\u4e86\u982d\u75db\uff0c\u8b80X\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u89ba\u982d\u75db\u517c\u7cca\u5857\uff0c\u7121\u5948\uff01
\nM\u9ad9\u660e\uff01\u4f69\u670d\uff01
\n\u6211\u7121\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u539f\u4f86\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u554a<\/p>\n

W: \u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u4f9d\u4f60\u7684\u610f\u601d\u597d\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u7576\u7136\u884c<\/p>\n

W:<\/p>\n

X: \u662f\u56de\u8986\u9019\u6bb5\u300c\u61c9\u5426\u6307\u8cac\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5c0d\u65b9\u300d\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u63d0\u5230\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6c92\u6709\u300c\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u6aa2\u67e5\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u898b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u6216\u6210\u7acb\uff08\u78ba\u7acb\uff09\u7684\u5f37\u5f31\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

W: \u8a55X\u53ea\u53ca\u65bc\u90a3\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u7684\u201c\u6587\u5b57\u7247\u6bb5\u201d\uff0c\u9918\u4e0b\u4f86\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u8a55C\u5144\u7684\u90a3\u53e5\uff0c\u8207D\u7121\u95dc\u3002
\n\u6211\u4e0d\u6562\u5c07X\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8b80\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u8b80\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31X\u8981\u627e\u66f4\u9ad8\u660e\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u6559\u6388\u6216\u5927\u5e2b\u624d\u4ea4\u6d41\u5f97\u4e86\uff0c\u624d\u66f4\u53ef\u7a6b\u76ca\u3002
\n\u6574\u500b\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u5982\u4f55\u6211\u4e26\u7121\u591a\u5c11\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u773e\u5927\u5e2b\u540d\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u6211\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7121\u8b80\u904e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u8207\u4f60\u5c0d\u8a71\uff1f\u54f2\u5b78\u6211\u53ea\u8aaa\u904e\u6211\u66fe\u7a0d\u8b80\uff0c\u6dfa\u986f\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u5c1a\u53ef\uff0c\u82e5\u592a\u6df1\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6876\u5167\u7684\u5e7e\u6ef4\u6c34\u4fbf\u4e7e\u4e86\uff01\u8acb\u898b\u8ad2\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u5443\u4e0d\u662f\u5566\uff0c\u5c0d\u8a71\u9700\u8981\u6642\u65e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4ed6\u601d\u7dad\u7fd2\u6163\u548c\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u4ed6\u4eba\u4fbf\u9700\u78e8\u5408\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u8ddf\u8001\u5e2b\u6559\u6388\u5011\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u610f\u898b\u96d6\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u6108\u767c\u6709\u6548\u6709\u76ca\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u78e8\u5408\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5728\u6700\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u725f\u5b97\u4e09\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u662f\u8ad6\u6587\u8001\u5e2b\u548c\u6211\u4e4b\u9593\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5171\u901a\u8a9e\u8a00<\/p>\n

W: \u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\u6211\u8b80\u725f\u5148\u751f\u7684\u66f8\u89ba\u9084\u7a0d\u61c2\uff0c\u8b80\u4f60\u7684\u5c31\u89ba\u66f4\u96e3\u652a\u4e86\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u518d\u78e8\u78e8\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5f9e\u725f\u5b97\u4e09\u958b\u59cb\u54c8….
\n\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u518d\u8ac7\u5427<\/p>\n

W: \u9f4a\u6fa4\u514b\u7684\u90a3\u672c\u201c\u5d07\u9ad8\u5ba2\u9ad4\u201d\u751a\u9ebc\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b97\u96e3\u8b80\uff0c\u4e5f\u6478\u5230\u4e00\u9ede\u8def\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u6df1\uff01<\/p>\n

X: ……<\/p>\n

W: \u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u9077\u5c31\u9077\u5c31\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u7b97\u6578\u54c8<\/p>\n

W: \u90a3\u9ebc\u7b97\u6578\u7684\u6211\u4fbf\u66f4\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

M\uff1a\u5c71\u96d6\u7136\u9ad8\u3001\u6c34\u96d6\u7136\u6df1\uff0c\u6309\u7406\u800c\u884c\u7e3d\u80fd\u904e\u4e4b<\/p>\n

W: \u6709\u5fd7\u6c23\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u6211\u5f88\u4e45\u6c92\u7528\u300c\u53d7\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f97\u4e86\u300d\/\u300c\u662f\u5426\u6bd4\u8ab0\u96e3\u61c2\u300d\/\u300c\u4e3b\u89c0\u5fc3\u7406\u7528\u8a9e\uff08\u7121\u8ad6\u9019\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff09\u300d\u4f86\u904b\u601d\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c2\u4fbf\u627e\u51fa\u5f9e\u54ea\u53e5\u958b\u59cb\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u6478\uff0c\u4e0d\u56c9\u55e6<\/p>\n

W:<\/p>\n

X: \u9019\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u9ad8\u4f4e\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5f9e\u7406\u8def\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u7e3d\u7121\u7406\u7531\u5728\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7406\u6027\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u6771\u897f\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ea\u770b\u51fa\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u9a57\u8b49\u300d\u554f\u984c\u7684<\/p>\n

W: \u81ea\u6211\u611f\u89ba\u826f\u597d\uff01\u4e0d\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n

X: \u5509\u53c8\u4f86<\/p>\n

\u8aaa\u53e5\u4e0d\u7528\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u7684\u8a71\u884c\u4e0d\uff1f<\/p>\n

W: \u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\u4f60\u9ad8\u660e\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u4e0d\u7528\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e<\/p>\n

W: \u53ea\u6709\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u5bb9\u4f60\uff0c\u8fad\u62d9\u4e86\u4e9b<\/p>\n

X: \u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u5f62\u5bb9\u6211<\/p>\n

W: \u7121\u8fa6\u6cd5<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u6015\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n

X: \u4e0d\u662f\u6015\u4e0d\u6015\uff0c\u662f\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7126\u9ede\u4e0d\u540c<\/p>\n

W: \u73fe\u5728\u90fd\u7121\u8a0e\u8ad6\u751a\u9ebc\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u90a3\u56de\u61c9\u9019\u5e7e\u6bb5\u5427<\/p>\n

W: \u4e0d\u7528\u6015\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\uff01
\n\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

X: \u6015\u6b7b\u4eba\u4e86<\/p>\n

W: \u6015\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n

X: \u4f60\u7684\u8b9a\u7f8e<\/p>\n

W: \u4f60\u958b\u5fc3\u4fbf\u597d\uff01
\n\u4f60\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u9077\u5c31\u518d\u8aaa\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ethicists say voting with your heart, without a care about the consequences, is actually immoral W\uff1a\u201c\u6295\u7968\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u5fc3\u800c\u4e0d\u9867\u53ca\u5f8c\u679c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u201d \u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u8b1b\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u5982\u4f55\u601d\u8003\uff1f H\uff1a \u90a3\u8981\u770b’\u5f8c\u679c’\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f8c\u679c\u662f\u8981\u7dad\u6301\u73fe\u72c0\u7a69\u5b9a\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u5229\u76ca\/\u597d\u8655\uff0c\u6216\u5f8c\u679c\u662f\u8981\u91cd\u596a\u4e00\u570b\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebcW\u6240\u5f15\u7684\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002\u53c8\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u90a3\u500b\u7acb\u5834\u8aac\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u5c0f\u5f1f\u6709\u611f\uff0c\u6b64\u6b21\u82f1\u570b\u516c\u6295\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6709\u9ede\u50cf\u5c0f\u578b\u7248\u53cd\u74b0\u7403\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6b21\u662f\u53cd\u6b50\u6d32\u4e00\u9ad4\u5316… M\uff1aW\u6240\u63d0\u554f\u984c\u5373\u6211\u8cbc\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0 Ethicists say voting with your heart, without a care about the consequences, is actually immorall\u00a0\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u8b1b\u7684\uff1b\u4ea6\u53ef\u53c3\u8003Jason Brennan\u7684\u201cThe Ethics \u00a0of Voting\u201d\u4e00\u66f8 W: … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7083","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--chaos"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-1Qf","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7083","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7083"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7203,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7083\/revisions\/7203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7083"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7083"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}