{"id":7870,"date":"2022-02-25T02:39:23","date_gmt":"2022-02-25T02:39:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=7870"},"modified":"2022-03-01T02:55:12","modified_gmt":"2022-03-01T02:55:12","slug":"rigged-america-russia-and-one-hundred-years-of-covert-electoral-interference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/02\/25\/rigged-america-russia-and-one-hundred-years-of-covert-electoral-interference\/","title":{"rendered":"Rigged: America, Russia, and One Hundred Years of Covert Electoral Interference"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7e3d\u7d71\u666e\u4eac\u7d42\u65bc\u5165\u4fb5\u70cf\u514b\u862d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u670b\u53cb\u90fd\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u548c\u9818\u571f\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u689d\u570b\u969b\u5354\u8b70\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u689d\u5354\u8b70\u5230\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u88ab\u9055\u53cd\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6548\u7528\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u7136\u4f3c\u66fe\u76f8\u8b58\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u82f1\u806f\u5408\u8072\u660e\u300b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6839\u64da\u540c\u4e00\u300c\u6a21\u5f0f\u300d\u88ab\u6495\u6bc0\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a71\u8aaa\u57281994\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u3001\u82f1\u570b\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u8aaa\u670d\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u3001\u54c8\u85a9\u514b\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u653e\u68c4\u8607\u806f\u6642\u4ee3\u907a\u7559\u7684\u6838\u6b66\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u806f\u540c\u9019\u4e09\u570b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff0c\u516d\u570b\u5171\u540c\u7c3d\u8a02\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u300a\u5e03\u9054\u4f69\u65af\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u5099\u5fd8\u9304\u300b(Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances)\u3002\u9019\u4efd\u300c\u5099\u5fd8\u9304\u300d\u8b93\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7b49\u4e09\u570b\u52a0\u5165\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7684\u300a\u6838\u4e0d\u64f4\u6563\u689d\u7d04\u300b\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u6240\u6709\u8607\u806f\u907a\u7559\u7684\u6838\u6b66\u8a2d\u5099\u79fb\u4ea4\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u806f\u90a6\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u6838\u6b66\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7b49\u570b\u7684\u570b\u9632\u80fd\u529b\u5927\u6e1b\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u7f8e\u82f1\u7576\u6642\u70ba\u4e86\u300c\u734e\u52f5\u300d\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7b49\u570b\u59a5\u5354\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u300c\u5099\u5fd8\u9304\u300d\u7c3d\u8a02\u4e866\u689d\u689d\u6b3e\uff0c\u53bb\u300c\u4fdd\u969c\u300d\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u514d\u65bc\u5165\u4fb5\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u9019\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u5728\u54ea\u88cf\uff1f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7c3d\u7d04\u570b\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff0c\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91cb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9055\u7d04\uff1f <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u666e\u4eac\u70ba\u4f55\u5c0d\u897f\u65b9\u6c11\u4e3b\u6709\u6043\u7121\u6050\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u6eab\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95b1\u8b80\u3002”Rigged: America, Russia, and One Hundred Years of Covert Electoral Interference<\/a>\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\u300b”\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005David Shimer\u662f\u50b3\u5a92\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8001\u5e2bTimothy Snyder\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u300a\u66b4\u653f\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e3b\u8981\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5982\u4f55\u6ef2\u900f\u3001\u5f71\u97ff2016\u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\uff0c\u53bb\u8aaa\u660e\u7f8e\u570b\u6c11\u4e3b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4f55\u4e0d\u582a\u4e00\u64ca\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u7f8e\u8607\u5169\u570b\u5728\u524d\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\u6642\u4ee3\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u5225\u570b\u9078\u8209\u8ac7\u8d77\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u842c\u8b8a\u4e0d\u96e2\u5176\u5b97\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u5230\u4e86\u6578\u4f4d\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u624d\u4ee4\u4e00\u5207\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u66f4\u6709\u5229\u6975\u6b0a\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u6ef2\u900f\u3002 \u5168\u672c\u66f8\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u8ac7\u53ca\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u6211\u5011\u4ee3\u51652020\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u83ef\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u4ee3\u5165\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u3001\u53ca\u5176\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6495\u88c2\u7684\u5f8c\u907a\u75c7\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u518d\u770b\u5317\u4eac\u6b64\u523b\u5982\u4f55\u660e\u76ee\u5f35\u81bd\u7684\u6539\u9020\u9999\u6e2f\u70ba\u5357\u6df1\u5733\u3001\u4e26\u4ee5\u300c\u5835\u585e\u6f0f\u6d1e\u300d\u70ba\u7531redefine\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u9084\u5728\u5f8c\u982d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u6bd4\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u66f4\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u4f60\u4ee5\u70ba\u7684\u6c11\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6dea\u70ba\u4ed6\u570b\u64cd\u5f04\u4e0b\u7684\u523b\u610f\u7d50\u679c\uff01\u7576\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u4e4b\u5c0d\u6297\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25ce\u63ed\u97322016\u5e74\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u64cd\u5f04\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u7684\u6700\u5168\u9762\u6027\u5167\u5e55\u3000 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25ce\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u89d2\u5ea6\u5fb9\u5e95\u7406\u89e3\u5168\u7403\u653f\u6cbb\u89d2\u529b\u4e0b\u7684\u5883\u5916\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u8108\u7d61 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25ce2020\u5e74\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u4f60\u4e00\u770b\u8207\u6df1\u601d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u985e\u5de8\u4f5c <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u660e\u660e\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u9078\u6c11\u553e\u68c4\u7684\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u6700\u5f8c\u537b\u7576\u9078\u4e86\uff1f\u300d\u300c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8d8a\u5230\u9078\u8209\u95dc\u982d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u7684\u4e2d\u50b7\u8ab9\u8b17\u958b\u59cb\u5c64\u51fa\u4e0d\u7aae\uff1f\u300d\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u90fd\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8166\u6d77\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u7b54\u6848\u537b\u59cb\u7d42\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u9677\u4e94\u91cc\u8ff7\u9727\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u63a2\u77e5\u5176\u4e2d\u771f\u76f8\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Shimer\u5c07\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u70ba\u5404\u4f4d\u8b80\u8005\u63ed\u958b\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u89e3\u7b54\u2500\u2500\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shimer\u6574\u7406\u4e26\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u4e16\u754c\u5f37\u6b0a\u7684\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u5f04\u570b\u2500\u2500\u7f8e\u570b\u8207\u4fc4\u570b\u70ba\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u5169\u570b\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u884c\u9078\u8209\u5e72\u9810\u4ee5\u53ca\u6df1\u53d7\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u66f4\u5305\u62ec\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u4f86KGB\u3001CIA\u4ee5\u53ca\u666e\u4e01\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u70ba\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u64cd\u7e31\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9078\u8209\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u8af8\u591a\u79d8\u8f9b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shimer\u89aa\u81ea\u524d\u5f806\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u8207\u5404\u570b\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u55ae\u4f4d\u9ad8\u5c64\u63a5\u89f8\u8a2a\u8ac7\uff0c\u4e26\u8a2a\u554f8\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u524d\u4e2d\u60c5\u5c40\u5c40\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a31\u591a\u4e2d\u60c5\u5c40\u7684\u5b98\u54e1\u548c\u60c5\u5831\u4eba\u54e1\u300126\u4f4d\u6b50\u5df4\u99ac\u7e3d\u7d71\u4efb\u5167\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u9867\u554f\u300111\u4f4d\u5ddd\u666e\u7e3d\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9867\u554f\u3001\u591a\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u8cc7\u6df1\u8a18\u8005\u548c\u79d1\u6280\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e26\u53c3\u8003\u4fc4\u570b\u89e3\u653e\u524d\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u548c\u5fb7\u570b\u7d71\u4e00\u524d\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40\u8a31\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u60c5\u5831\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6578\u767e\u9801\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u89e3\u5bc6\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4e2d\u60c5\u5c40\u8cc7\u6599\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u65b9\u5831\u544a\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u4eba\u54e1\u53e3\u8ff0\u7d00\u9304\u548c\u6703\u8b70\u7d00\u9304\uff0c\u5c07\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e00\u62bd\u7d72\u525d\u7e6d\uff0c\u5beb\u6210\u6b64\u66f8\uff0c\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u5e36\u4f86\u6aaf\u9762\u4e0b\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5167\u5e55\uff01 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u900f\u904e\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u722c\u68b3\u8207\u56de\u9867\uff0cShimer\u5c07\u5e36\u9818\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u9020\u6210\u591a\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u800c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u7684\u634d\u885b\u5c0d\u65bc\u8eab\u8655\u6c11\u4e3b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u7406\u89e3\u904e\u5f80\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u6559\u8a13\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u80fd\u5920\u7406\u89e3\u6c11\u4e3b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4e26\u5b78\u6703\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u8b77\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6309\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#\u76ee\u524d\u6b50\u7f8e\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4f48\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u5c40<\/a>\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3002\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u66f4\u5927\u5728\u6b50\u76df\u3001\u5317\u7d04\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\uff08\u9762\u5b50\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u76ee\u524d\u4ea6\u6c92\u6709\u51fa\u5175\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7684\u7406\u64da\u3002\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3002\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u53c8\u9084\u4e0d\u662f\u5317\u7d04\u6210\u54e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3002\u7f8e\u8607\u5df2\u7d93\u66fe\u8ac7\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u516c\u4f48\u8a73\u7d30\u5167\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u3002\u4e2d\u51fa\u624b\u6253\u53f0\uff0c\u7f8e\u7b49\u4e00\u8209\u570d\u4e2d\u3002\u3002\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n

#\u53e6\u6c11\u4e3b<\/a>\uff0c\u4e18\u5409\u723e\u66fe\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\u5927\u6982\u7684\u8a71\uff1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u5404\u7a2e\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\u8f03\u597d\u7684\u4e86\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u5b83\u662f\u7a2e\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u61f8\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee4\u57f7\u653f\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\/\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u904e\u5927\/\u7121\u9650\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u9019\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6709\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u53bb\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e09\u6b0a\uff08\u884c\u653f\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u57f7\u6cd5\uff09\u5206\u7acb\u7684\u539f\u56e0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u5728\u570b\u8207\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u82e5\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u5171\u540c\u7406\u5ff5\u8a8d\u53ef\u7684\u806f\u5408\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u90a3\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6b63\u6b63\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u9ede\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u806f\u5408\u570b\u662f\u5728\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ee5Kant\u7684 \u201cZum ewigen Frieden\u300a\u6c38\u4e45\u548c\u5e73\u8ad6\u300b\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u767c\u5c55\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5374\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5169\u7a2e\u7406\u5ff5\/\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u722d\u9b25\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u5ff5\/\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u570b\u8207\u570b\u9593\u5229\u7528\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\u6240\u505a\u6210\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\u3002\u3002\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7e3d\u7d71\u666e\u4eac\u7d42\u65bc\u5165\u4fb5\u70cf\u514b\u862d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u670b\u53cb\u90fd\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u548c\u9818\u571f\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u689d\u570b\u969b\u5354\u8b70\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u689d\u5354\u8b70\u5230\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u88ab\u9055\u53cd\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6548\u7528\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u7136\u4f3c\u66fe\u76f8\u8b58\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u82f1\u806f\u5408\u8072\u660e\u300b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6839\u64da\u540c\u4e00\u300c\u6a21\u5f0f\u300d\u88ab\u6495\u6bc0\u7684\u3002 \u8a71\u8aaa\u57281994\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u3001\u82f1\u570b\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u8aaa\u670d\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u3001\u54c8\u85a9\u514b\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u653e\u68c4\u8607\u806f\u6642\u4ee3\u907a\u7559\u7684\u6838\u6b66\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u806f\u540c\u9019\u4e09\u570b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff0c\u516d\u570b\u5171\u540c\u7c3d\u8a02\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u300a\u5e03\u9054\u4f69\u65af\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u5099\u5fd8\u9304\u300b(Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances)\u3002\u9019\u4efd\u300c\u5099\u5fd8\u9304\u300d\u8b93\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7b49\u4e09\u570b\u52a0\u5165\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7684\u300a\u6838\u4e0d\u64f4\u6563\u689d\u7d04\u300b\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u6240\u6709\u8607\u806f\u907a\u7559\u7684\u6838\u6b66\u8a2d\u5099\u79fb\u4ea4\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u806f\u90a6\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u6838\u6b66\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7b49\u570b\u7684\u570b\u9632\u80fd\u529b\u5927\u6e1b\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u7f8e\u82f1\u7576\u6642\u70ba\u4e86\u300c\u734e\u52f5\u300d\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u7b49\u570b\u59a5\u5354\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u300c\u5099\u5fd8\u9304\u300d\u7c3d\u8a02\u4e866\u689d\u689d\u6b3e\uff0c\u53bb\u300c\u4fdd\u969c\u300d\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u514d\u65bc\u5165\u4fb5\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u9019\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u5728\u54ea\u88cf\uff1f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7c3d\u7d04\u570b\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff0c\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91cb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9055\u7d04\uff1f \u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u666e\u4eac\u70ba\u4f55\u5c0d\u897f\u65b9\u6c11\u4e3b\u6709\u6043\u7121\u6050\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u6eab\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95b1\u8b80\u3002”Rigged: America, Russia, and One Hundred Years of Covert Electoral Interference\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\u300b”\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005David Shimer\u662f\u50b3\u5a92\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8001\u5e2bTimothy Snyder\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u300a\u66b4\u653f\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u3002 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\u300c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u660e\u660e\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u9078\u6c11\u553e\u68c4\u7684\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u6700\u5f8c\u537b\u7576\u9078\u4e86\uff1f\u300d\u300c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8d8a\u5230\u9078\u8209\u95dc\u982d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u7684\u4e2d\u50b7\u8ab9\u8b17\u958b\u59cb\u5c64\u51fa\u4e0d\u7aae\uff1f\u300d\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u90fd\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8166\u6d77\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u7b54\u6848\u537b\u59cb\u7d42\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u9677\u4e94\u91cc\u8ff7\u9727\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u63a2\u77e5\u5176\u4e2d\u771f\u76f8\u3002 David Shimer\u5c07\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u70ba\u5404\u4f4d\u8b80\u8005\u63ed\u958b\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u89e3\u7b54\u2500\u2500\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u3002 Shimer\u6574\u7406\u4e26\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u4e16\u754c\u5f37\u6b0a\u7684\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u5f04\u570b\u2500\u2500\u7f8e\u570b\u8207\u4fc4\u570b\u70ba\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u5169\u570b\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u884c\u9078\u8209\u5e72\u9810\u4ee5\u53ca\u6df1\u53d7\u9078\u8209\u64cd\u5f04\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u66f4\u5305\u62ec\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u4f86KGB\u3001CIA\u4ee5\u53ca\u666e\u4e01\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u70ba\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u64cd\u7e31\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9078\u8209\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u8af8\u591a\u79d8\u8f9b\u3002 Shimer\u89aa\u81ea\u524d\u5f806\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u8207\u5404\u570b\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u55ae\u4f4d\u9ad8\u5c64\u63a5\u89f8\u8a2a\u8ac7\uff0c\u4e26\u8a2a\u554f8\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u524d\u4e2d\u60c5\u5c40\u5c40\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a31\u591a\u4e2d\u60c5\u5c40\u7684\u5b98\u54e1\u548c\u60c5\u5831\u4eba\u54e1\u300126\u4f4d\u6b50\u5df4\u99ac\u7e3d\u7d71\u4efb\u5167\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u9867\u554f\u300111\u4f4d\u5ddd\u666e\u7e3d\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9867\u554f\u3001\u591a\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u8cc7\u6df1\u8a18\u8005\u548c\u79d1\u6280\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e26\u53c3\u8003\u4fc4\u570b\u89e3\u653e\u524d\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u548c\u5fb7\u570b\u7d71\u4e00\u524d\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40\u8a31\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u60c5\u5831\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6578\u767e\u9801\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u89e3\u5bc6\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4e2d\u60c5\u5c40\u8cc7\u6599\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u65b9\u5831\u544a\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u4eba\u54e1\u53e3\u8ff0\u7d00\u9304\u548c\u6703\u8b70\u7d00\u9304\uff0c\u5c07\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e00\u62bd\u7d72\u525d\u7e6d\uff0c\u5beb\u6210\u6b64\u66f8\uff0c\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u5e36\u4f86\u6aaf\u9762\u4e0b\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5167\u5e55\uff01 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