{"id":8228,"date":"2022-07-21T04:51:06","date_gmt":"2022-07-21T04:51:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8228"},"modified":"2022-07-21T04:51:10","modified_gmt":"2022-07-21T04:51:10","slug":"the-logic-of-violence-in-civil-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/07\/21\/the-logic-of-violence-in-civil-war\/","title":{"rendered":"The Logic of Violence in Civil War"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u5c0d\u6709\u95dc\u66b4\u529b\u66f8\u7c4d\u7684\u63a8\u85a6\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u81ea\u524d\u65e5\u672c\u9996\u76f8\u5b89\u500d\u664b\u4e09\u5148\u751f\u7684\u6b7b\u3002\u7531\u4e4b\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u7981\u8ac7\u53ca\/\u806f\u60f3\u5230\/\u9762\u5c0d\u7740\u66b4\u529b\u4e4b\u7a2e\u7a2e\u3002\u3002\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u8aac\u4e0b\u53bb\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u5c31\u8cab\u7a7f\u8457\u7121\u6b62\u76e1\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u5728\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u5c24\u898b\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c24\u4ee5\u5167\u6230\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u534a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u88cf\uff0c\u7d04\u6709 1700 \u842c\u4eba\u5728\u5167\u6230\u66b4\u529b\u4e2d\u55aa\u751f\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u7d93\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5f7c\u6b64\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u537b\u5982\u6b64\u6b98\u9177\uff1f\u9019\u7a2e\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u96c6\u9ad4\u760b\u72c2\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u55ce\uff1f\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u78ba\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u751f\u5167\u6230\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u4f46\u975e\u540c\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u2018\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Violence-Cambridge-Studies-Comparative-Politics\/dp\/0521670047\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1EOHSPL067MNC&amp;keywords=The+Logic+of+Violence+in+Civil+War&amp;qid=1658378907&amp;sprefix=the+logic+of+violence+in+civil+war%2Caps%2C257&amp;sr=8-1\">The Logic of Violence in Civil War<\/a>\u2018\u2019\u554f\u4e16\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c0d\u5167\u6230\u6bba\u622e\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u5331\u4e4f\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u6709\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6b66\u88dd\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u5e73\u6c11\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u806f\u5408\u884c\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stathis N. Kalyvas \u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u3001\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7d9c\u5408\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8868\u8ff0\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5e0c\u81d8\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u66b4\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u958b\u5275\u6027\u5fae\u89c0\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5275\u4f5c\u4e86\u9019\u672c\u5927\u5e2b\u7d1a\u7684\u5091\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7fNiccol\u00f2 Machiavelli\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u611f\u5230\u9a5a\u8a1d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790\u5c07\u6230\u722d\u8207\u66b4\u529b\u812b\u9264\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u52d5\u614b\u3002\u8207\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u760b\u72c2\u7684\u666e\u904d\u89c0\u9ede\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u662f\u6709\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u8207\u96c6\u9ad4\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6bd4\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u8981\u5c11\u5f97\u591a\u3002 Kalyvas \u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u95dc\u65bc\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u65b0\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u5c0b\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u548c\u8a66\u5716\u907f\u514d\u6700\u58de\u60c5\u6cc1\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u6293\u4f4f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u5e73\u6c11\u5171\u540c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u66f8\uff1a\u2018\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Art-Managing-Everyday-Conflict-Understanding\/dp\/0275981843\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2GPT30ZKQ12GH&amp;keywords=The+Art+of+Managing+Everyday+Conflict%E2%80%98&amp;qid=1658379039&amp;sprefix=the+art+of+managing+everyday+conflict+%2Caps%2C633&amp;sr=8-1\">The Art of Managing Everyday Conflict\u2018<\/a>\u2019 \u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u552f\u4eba\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u9054\u5230\u6240\u6b32\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u96d6\u7136Kalyvas\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u66b4\u529b\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u5176\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u7279\u6027\u64ca\u6557\u4e86\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5167\u6230\u201c\u524d\u7dda\u201d\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kalyvas \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u5c07\u66b4\u529b\u4f5c\u70ba\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u4e14\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u3002Kalyvas\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u5167\u6230\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u8207\u53db\u4e82\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u653f\u5e9c\u8ecd\u5c0d\u6751\u838a\u6216\u5730\u5340\u7684\u63a7\u88fd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4ed6\u6839\u64da\u5927\u91cf\u7d93\u9a57\u6578\u64da\u5c0d\u5176\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u81ea\u4e8c\u6230\u671f\u9593\u548c\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u5167\u6230\u671f\u9593\u7684\u5e0c\u81d8\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u5167\u6230\u548c\u5fae\u89c0\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002 Kalyvas \u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u975e\u7406\u6027\u66b4\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8207\u8ffd\u6c42\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u6a19\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96d6\u7136\u4ee4\u4eba\u8208\u596e\u4e14\u5167\u5bb9\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u95dc\u65bc\u5167\u6230\u7684\u6587\u737b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8a73\u7d30\u8aaa\u660e\u4e14\u672a\u7d93\u7d93\u9a57\u6aa2\u9a57\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 Stathis Kalyvas \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u53ef\u559c\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5728\u4e0d\u72a7\u7272\u5206\u6790\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u7279\u7570\u6027\u548c\u7d30\u7bc0\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u8d85\u8d8a\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u8caa\u5a6a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e0d\u6eff\u201d\uff0cKalyvas \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u5167\u6230\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u8207\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6230\u722d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u885d\u7a81\u7dad\u5ea6\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u5fae\u89c0\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u662f\u885d\u7a81\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u6bd4\u8f03\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u3002\u9019\u9805\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8a31\u5c07\u6210\u70ba\u5167\u6230\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u5b83\u57fa\u65bc\u6df1\u523b\u800c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u901a\u904e\u95dc\u6ce8\u5167\u6230\u7684\u5fae\u89c0\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff0cKalyvas \u65e2\u80fd\u6d88\u9664\u820a\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u548c\u6aa2\u9a57\u5404\u7a2e\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u61c9\u8a72\u6210\u70ba\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c0d\u7814\u7a76\u5167\u6230\u548c\u53db\u4e82\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5fc5\u8b80\u4e4b\u66f8\u3002\u5b83\u5206\u6790\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5c0d\u4f86\u81ea\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u6383\u63cf\u548c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u662f\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u5c08\u5bb6\u5c07\u5f9e\u9019\u9805\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u4f46\u8a72\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4f9b\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u5de5\u4f5c\u6311\u6230\u4e86\u50b3\u7d71\u667a\u6167\u4ea6\u5c07\u5f15\u767c\u722d\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u5c0d\u6709\u95dc\u66b4\u529b\u66f8\u7c4d\u7684\u63a8\u85a6\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u81ea\u524d\u65e5\u672c\u9996\u76f8\u5b89\u500d\u664b\u4e09\u5148\u751f\u7684\u6b7b\u3002\u7531\u4e4b\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u7981\u8ac7\u53ca\/\u806f\u60f3\u5230\/\u9762\u5c0d\u7740\u66b4\u529b\u4e4b\u7a2e\u7a2e\u3002\u3002\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u8aac\u4e0b\u53bb\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u5c31\u8cab\u7a7f\u8457\u7121\u6b62\u76e1\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u5728\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u5c24\u898b\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c24\u4ee5\u5167\u6230\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u601d\u3002 \u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u534a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u88cf\uff0c\u7d04\u6709 1700 \u842c\u4eba\u5728\u5167\u6230\u66b4\u529b\u4e2d\u55aa\u751f\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u7d93\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5f7c\u6b64\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u537b\u5982\u6b64\u6b98\u9177\uff1f\u9019\u7a2e\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u96c6\u9ad4\u760b\u72c2\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u55ce\uff1f\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u78ba\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u751f\u5167\u6230\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u4f46\u975e\u540c\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u2018\u2019The Logic of Violence in Civil War\u2018\u2019\u554f\u4e16\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c0d\u5167\u6230\u6bba\u622e\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u5331\u4e4f\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u6709\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6b66\u88dd\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u5e73\u6c11\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u806f\u5408\u884c\u52d5\u3002 Stathis N. Kalyvas \u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u3001\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7d9c\u5408\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8868\u8ff0\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5e0c\u81d8\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u66b4\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u958b\u5275\u6027\u5fae\u89c0\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5275\u4f5c\u4e86\u9019\u672c\u5927\u5e2b\u7d1a\u7684\u5091\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7fNiccol\u00f2 Machiavelli\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u611f\u5230\u9a5a\u8a1d 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