{"id":8239,"date":"2022-07-22T03:32:46","date_gmt":"2022-07-22T03:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8239"},"modified":"2022-07-22T03:32:50","modified_gmt":"2022-07-22T03:32:50","slug":"a-passion-for-society-how-we-think-about-human-suffering","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/07\/22\/a-passion-for-society-how-we-think-about-human-suffering\/","title":{"rendered":"A passion for society: how we think about human suffering"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82e6\u96e3\u6709\u4eba\u70ba\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4f86\u81ea\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u7a2e\u82e6\u96e3\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u6709\u5176\u690e\u5fc3\u4e4b\u75db\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u601d\u82e6\u96e3\uff1f\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u82e6\u96e3\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u5230\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\uff1f\u201c\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u201d\u4ee5\u4f55\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6fc0\u52f5\u6211\u5011\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ed6\u4eba\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u63ed\u793a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u793e\u6703\u72c0\u6cc1\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6Arthur Kleinman\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6Iain Wilkinson\u806f\u624b\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Passion-Society-Suffering-California-Anthropology\/dp\/0520287231\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2ZC0MATTO7I8G&amp;keywords=A+passion+for+society%3A+how+we+think+about+human+suffering&amp;qid=1658460218&amp;sprefix=a+passion+for+society+how+we+think+about+human+suffering%2Caps%2C755&amp;sr=8-1\">A passion for society: how we think about human suffering<\/a>\u201d\u8abf\u67e5\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u73fe\u72c0\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8\u9019\u7a2e\u767c\u5c55\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u61c9\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u554f\u984c\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u901a\u904e\u95dc\u611b\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u5982\u4f55\u632f\u8208\u548c\u91cd\u5851\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u95dc\u611b\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u627f\u8afe\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u591a\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u5728\u9019\u90e8\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u616e\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0cKleinman\u548cWilkinson\u4e3b\u5f35\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u7a2e\u53c3\u8207\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u5b83\u5c07\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7dad\u8207\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0b\u6c42\u901a\u904e\u7167\u6599\u4f86\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u4e26\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6982\u89bd\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u547c\u7c72\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5be6\u8e10\u9032\u884c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u66f4\u52a0\u95dc\u6ce8\u8b77\u7406\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u88ab\u9ad4\u9a57\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u548c\u5354\u5546\u7684\u3002Kleinman\u548cWilkinson\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7d93\u6b77\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u570b\u5167\u6230\u3001\u6cd5\u570b\u5927\u9769\u547d\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8650\u5f85\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u6703\u8a0e\u8ad6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u524d\u4e09\u7ae0\u6d89\u53ca\u5c0d 18 \u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u671f\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u53c3\u8003\uff08\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53ca\u5176\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d85\u8d8a\u201c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u60f3\u50cf\u201d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u91cd\u69cb\uff08\u7c73\u723e\u65af 1959 \u5e74\uff09\uff08\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\uff09\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u4e09\u7ae0\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86Weber \u95dc\u65bc\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u82e6\u96e3\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u201c\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u60f3\u50cf\u201d\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7dca\u8feb\u6027\u5728\u5c0b\u6c42\u77e5\u8b58\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff08\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u8e10\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u7167\u9867\u5c0e\u81f4\u793e\u6703\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u7b2c 6 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u5927\u662f\u5176\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96e3\u9ede\u3002\u8b80\u8005\u6709\u6642\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u6f02\u6d6e\u5728\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u8ad6\u64da\u7684\u6c6a\u6d0b\u5927\u6d77\u4e2d\u3002\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u901a\u904e\u63a8\u85a6\u80fd\u5920\u559a\u9192\u8a8d\u77e5\u548c\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6551\u751f\u8863\u3001\u6307\u5357\u91dd\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u516d\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u8ad6\u9ede\u5728\u7d50\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u512a\u96c5\u7684\u7e3d\u7d50\uff0cKleinman\u548cWilkinson\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u82e6\u96e3\u554f\u984c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5fc5\u9808\u64fa\u812b\u51b7\u6f20\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8b77\u7406\u5be6\u8e10\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kleinman\u548cWilkinson\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u98a8\u683c\u8b93\u4eba\u7279\u5225\u611f\u52d5\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u9019\u500b\u8907\u96dc\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u6982\u8ff0\u548c\u5c31\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u53c3\u8207\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u5c0d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5949\u737b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5b78\u8853\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7167\u9867\u884c\u70ba\u201d\u61c9\u8a72\u6307\u5c0e\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u201c\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u5011\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u5011\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u662f\u5c0b\u6c42\u5b78\u8853\u8a8d\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u5c0d\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u5275\u9020\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002\u201d \uff08\u7b2c 22 \u9801\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kleinman\u548cWilkinson\u56e0\u6b64\u9f13\u52f5\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u4e26\u63a1\u53d6\u9053\u5fb7\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5efa\u8b70\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u61c9\u8a72\u8207\u8b77\u7406\u5be6\u8e10\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u95dc\u61f7\u662f\u201c\u8ffd\u6c42\u793e\u6703\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u201d\uff08\u7b2c\n163 \u9801\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5c55\u793a\u4e86Kleinman\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u66b4\u529b\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5275\u50b7\u6027\u5f8c\u679c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u57f9\u990a\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u96c6\u9ad4\u6587\u5316\u55aa\u89aa\u7684\u793e\u6703\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u6210\u70ba\u63a1\u8a2a\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e0d\u50c5\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u9084\u88ab\u7528\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u570b\u91ab\u9662\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u795e\u7d93\u8870\u5f31\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u201c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6fc0\u767c\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u6703\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\uff08\u7b2c\n194 \u9801\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u9084\u9080\u8acb\u8b80\u8005\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u8cea\u7591\u5f71\u97ff\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3002 Wilkinson \u548c Kleinman \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5316\u5df2\u7d93\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u540c\u80de\u7684\u611f\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u611f\u5df2\u88ab\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5f9e\u696d\u8005\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u667a\u529b\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u3002\u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u76f8\u7576\u5f37\u70c8\u5730\u6279\u8a55\u4e86Didier Fassin\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u4ed6\u95dc\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u6703\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u601d\u60f3\uff08Humanitarian\nReason \uff1aA Moral History of the Present\uff09\u3002\u8072\u7a31 Fassin \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8868\u793a\u9019\u7a2e\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff08\u7b2c 156 \u9801\uff09\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u6fc0\u767c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8b77\u7406\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u8ffd\u6c42\u662f\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u7167\u6599\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff08\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5229\u7528\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005Jans Addams\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u4f5c\u8005\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5c07\u7167\u6599\u8996\u70ba\u201c\u505a\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u201d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u5979\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u9032\u884c\u7d30\u7dfb\u5165\u5fae\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0cKleinman\u548cWilkinson\u6279\u8a55\u7576\u524d\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u201c\u9677\u5165\u5c0d\u50b7\u5bb3\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u6297\u8b70\u4e2d\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u8b77\u7406\uff08\u7b2c 180 \u9801\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u9f13\u52f5\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u505a\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u63ed\u9732\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u6297\u8b70\u5c0e\u81f4\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u547c\u7c72\u7a4d\u6975\u548c\u89aa\u5bc6\u5730\u53c3\u8207\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8d85\u8d8a\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2018\u2019A Passion for Society \u2018\u2019\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u71b1\u60c5\u3002\u5b83\u627f\u8afe\u4fc3\u9032\u8b80\u8005\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u3002Kleinman\u548cWilkinson\u5728\u66f8\u7684\u7d50\u5c3e\u63d0\u5021\u6279\u5224\u6027\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\uff0c\u8072\u7a31\u9019\u9580\u5b78\u79d1\u201c\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u4e00\u7a2e\u6703\u8b70\u800c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5c0d\u91ab\u7642\u4fdd\u5065\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5c0d\u4eba\u7a2e\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u201d \uff08\u7b2c 181 \u9801\uff09\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u9084\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u554f\u81ea\u5df1\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u7e3d\u662f\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u7dda\u4eba\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u4eba\uff09\u5145\u6eff\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u95dc\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5426\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u95dc\u5fc3\u66f4\u591a\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u771f\u6b63\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5404\u500b\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4fc3\u9032\u5b78\u751f\u5c31\u570b\u5167\u548c\u5168\u7403\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6642\u4e8b\u9032\u884c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6558\u5229\u4e9e\u6230\u722d\u3001\u6771\u975e\u98e2\u9913\u5371\u6a5f\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u570b\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u4fdd\u5065\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u5b83\u9084\u627f\u8afe\u70ba\u66f4\u6709\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u63d0\u4f9b\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u65b0\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u5f62\u548c\u95dc\u61f7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u878d\u5165\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u6b63\u5728\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0cKleinman\u548cWilkinson\u5c0d\u95dc\u611b\u793e\u6703\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5949\u737b\u548c\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u71b1\u60c5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u90fd\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u8005\u5c31\u82e6\u96e3\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u4ea6\u7de8\u8f2f\u4e86\u4e09\u672c\u66f8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Social-Suffering-Arthur-Kleinman\/dp\/0520209958\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=35MZAQATZJMYH&amp;keywords=Arthur+Kleinman%3B+Veena+Das%3B+Margaret+Lock+Social+Suffering&amp;qid=1658460678&amp;s=books&amp;sprefix=arthur+kleinman+veena+das+margaret+lock+social+suffering%2Cstripbooks-intl-ship%2C486&amp;sr=1-1\">&#8220;Remaking a World 1 Social Suffering<\/a>\u201d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6230\u722d\u3001\u98e2\u8352\u3001\u856d\u689d\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u9177\u5211\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5f8c\u679c\u2014\u2014\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u88fd\u5ea6\u6b0a\u529b\u5c0d\u4eba\u5011\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7d44\u5408\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u53d7\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u6b0a\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u5b78\u8853\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u754c\u9650\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u3001\u793e\u6703\u91ab\u5b78\u5c08\u5bb6\u548c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5b97\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u7576\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8868\u5fb5\u3001\u96c6\u9ad4\u7d93\u9a57\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c08\u696d\u548c\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u632a\u7528\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u6e90\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u9805\u76ee\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7368\u7279\u9858\u666f\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u91ab\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u958b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Violence-Subjectivity-Veena-Das\/dp\/0520216083\/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_2?crid=35MZAQATZJMYH&amp;keywords=Arthur+Kleinman%3B+Veena+Das%3B+Margaret+Lock+Social+Suffering&amp;qid=1658460678&amp;s=books&amp;sprefix=arthur+kleinman+veena+das+margaret+lock+social+suffering%2Cstripbooks-intl-ship%2C486&amp;sr=1-2-fkmr0\">Remaking a World 2 Violence and Subjectivit<\/a>&#8220;\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u4e26\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u5011\u53c3\u8207\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u5377&#8221;Social Suffering&#8221;\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u529b\u91cf\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u9ad4\u9020\u6210\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u5217\u5192\u96aa\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u6301\u7e8c\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u8a62\u554f\u7576\u8087\u4e8b\u8005\u3001\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u548c\u8b49\u4eba\u90fd\u4f86\u81ea\u54ea\u88e1\u6642\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f8\u8655\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u793e\u4ea4\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f9e\u5167\u6230\u548c\u7a2e\u65cf\u9a37\u4e82\u5230\u5b98\u50da\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u91ab\u7642\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0d\u50c5\u8655\u7406\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u4fdd\u8b49\u6703\u4f54\u64da\u5bf6\u8cb4\u5a92\u9ad4\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6975\u7aef\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u9084\u8655\u7406\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u66f4\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u5730\u9ede\u591a\u9ebc\u7279\u6b8a\u548c\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5b78\u5bb6\u767c\u73fe\u7576\u5730\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u662f\u7531\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u8de8\u570b\u529b\u91cf\u5851\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5a92\u9ad4\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u5c07\u4e16\u754c\u5283\u5206\u70ba\u201c\u66b4\u529b\u591a\u767c\u5730\u5340\u201d\u548c\u201c\u548c\u5e73\u5730\u5340\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u6cbb\u5730\u7406\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u63cf\u8ff0\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u52a9\u9577\u7576\u524d\u5168\u7403\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Remaking-World-Violence-Suffering-Recovery\/dp\/0520223292\/ref=sr_1_2?crid=35MZAQATZJMYH&amp;keywords=Arthur+Kleinman%3B+Veena+Das%3B+Margaret+Lock+Social+Suffering&amp;qid=1658460678&amp;s=books&amp;sprefix=arthur+kleinman+veena+das+margaret+lock+social+suffering%2Cstripbooks-intl-ship%2C486&amp;sr=1-2\">Remaking a World: Violence, Social Suffering, and Recovery<\/a>&#8220;\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u6062\u5fa9\u7684\u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\u3002 &#8220;Social Suffering&#8221;\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u9006\u5883\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u66b4\u529b\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\uff0c&#8221;Violence and Subjectivit&#8221;\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u95dc\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u7d93\u9a57\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u5716\u89e3\u8aaa\u660e\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e09\u5377\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u793e\u5340\u201c\u61c9\u5c0d\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u5fcd\u53d7\u3001\u514b\u670d\u3001\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u8d85\u8d8a\u2014\u2014\u5275\u50b7\u6027\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u96b1\u853d\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u5730\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5c64\u9762\u89e3\u6c7a\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff . \u4f5c\u8005\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u627f\u8a8d\u516c\u5171\u9818\u57df\u7684\u82e6\u96e3\u8207\u4eba\u5011\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u82e6\u96e3\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u60b2\u5287\u7684\u9811\u56fa\u548c\u8a66\u5716\u91cd\u5851\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6cbb\u7652\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\uff1f \u82e6\u96e3\u6709\u4eba\u70ba\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4f86\u81ea\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3002 \u90a3\u7a2e\u82e6\u96e3\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u6709\u5176\u690e\u5fc3\u4e4b\u75db\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u601d\u82e6\u96e3\uff1f\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u82e6\u96e3\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u5230\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\uff1f\u201c\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u201d\u4ee5\u4f55\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6fc0\u52f5\u6211\u5011\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ed6\u4eba\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u63ed\u793a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u793e\u6703\u72c0\u6cc1\uff1f \u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6Arthur Kleinman\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6Iain Wilkinson\u806f\u624b\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u201cA passion for society: how we think about human suffering\u201d\u8abf\u67e5\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u73fe\u72c0\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8\u9019\u7a2e\u767c\u5c55\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u61c9\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u554f\u984c\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u901a\u904e\u95dc\u611b\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u5982\u4f55\u632f\u8208\u548c\u91cd\u5851\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u95dc\u611b\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u627f\u8afe\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u591a\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u5728\u9019\u90e8\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u616e\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0cKleinman\u548cWilkinson\u4e3b\u5f35\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u7a2e\u53c3\u8207\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u5b83\u5c07\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7dad\u8207\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0b\u6c42\u901a\u904e\u7167\u6599\u4f86\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u4e26\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6982\u89bd\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u547c\u7c72\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5be6\u8e10\u9032\u884c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u66f4\u52a0\u95dc\u6ce8\u8b77\u7406\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u88ab\u9ad4\u9a57\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u548c\u5354\u5546\u7684\u3002Kleinman\u548cWilkinson\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7d93\u6b77\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u570b\u5167\u6230\u3001\u6cd5\u570b\u5927\u9769\u547d\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8650\u5f85\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u6703\u8a0e\u8ad6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002 \u524d\u4e09\u7ae0\u6d89\u53ca\u5c0d 18 \u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u671f\u793e\u6703\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u53c3\u8003\uff08\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53ca\u5176\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d85\u8d8a\u201c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u60f3\u50cf\u201d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u91cd\u69cb\uff08\u7c73\u723e\u65af 1959 \u5e74\uff09\uff08\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\uff09\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u4e09\u7ae0\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86Weber \u95dc\u65bc\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u82e6\u96e3\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u201c\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u60f3\u50cf\u201d\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7dca\u8feb\u6027\u5728\u5c0b\u6c42\u77e5\u8b58\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff08\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u8e10\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u7167\u9867\u5c0e\u81f4\u793e\u6703\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u7b2c 6 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\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u5927\u662f\u5176\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96e3\u9ede\u3002\u8b80\u8005\u6709\u6642\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u6f02\u6d6e\u5728\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u8ad6\u64da\u7684\u6c6a\u6d0b\u5927\u6d77\u4e2d\u3002\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u901a\u904e\u63a8\u85a6\u80fd\u5920\u559a\u9192\u8a8d\u77e5\u548c\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6551\u751f\u8863\u3001\u6307\u5357\u91dd\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u516d\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u8ad6\u9ede\u5728\u7d50\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u512a\u96c5\u7684\u7e3d\u7d50\uff0cKleinman\u548cWilkinson\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u82e6\u96e3\u554f\u984c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5fc5\u9808\u64fa\u812b\u51b7\u6f20\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8b77\u7406\u5be6\u8e10\u3002 Kleinman\u548cWilkinson\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u98a8\u683c\u8b93\u4eba\u7279\u5225\u611f\u52d5\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u9019\u500b\u8907\u96dc\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u6982\u8ff0\u548c\u5c31\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u53c3\u8207\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u5c0d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5949\u737b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5b78\u8853\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7167\u9867\u884c\u70ba\u201d\u61c9\u8a72\u6307\u5c0e\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u201c\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u5011\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u5011\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u662f\u5c0b\u6c42\u5b78\u8853\u8a8d\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u5c0d\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u5275\u9020\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002\u201d \uff08\u7b2c 22 \u9801\uff09\u3002 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/07\/22\/a-passion-for-society-how-we-think-about-human-suffering\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-28T","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8239"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8240,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8239\/revisions\/8240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}