{"id":8524,"date":"2022-11-10T23:12:33","date_gmt":"2022-11-10T23:12:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8524"},"modified":"2022-11-13T13:48:12","modified_gmt":"2022-11-13T13:48:12","slug":"nietzsche-and-levinas-after-the-death-of-a-certain-god","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/11\/10\/nietzsche-and-levinas-after-the-death-of-a-certain-god\/","title":{"rendered":"Nietzsche and Levinas : &#8220;after the death of a certain God&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neitzsche \u96d6\u7b97\u4e0d\u4e0a\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\uff08\u7cfb\u7d71\uff09\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5374\u662f\u591a\u4eba\u559c\u611b\u800c\u53c8\u6700\u53d7\u4eba\u8aa4\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u201d\uff1b\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u6fc0\u9032\u6027\u4e5f\u666e\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u8a8d\u540c\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jill Stauffer \u548c Bettina Bergo \u7684 \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Nietzsche-Levinas-Insurrections-Critical-Religion\/dp\/0231144040\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3DOOEKF2RD6GO&amp;keywords=Nietzsche+and+Levinas+%3A+%22after+the+death+of+a+certain+God&amp;qid=1668347249&amp;sprefix=nietzsche+and+levinas+after+the+death+of+a+certain+god%2Caps%2C678&amp;sr=8-1&amp;ufe=app_do%3Aamzn1.fos.f5122f16-c3e8-4386-bf32-63e904010ad0\">Nietzsche and Levinas : &#8220;after the death of a certain God&#8221;<\/a>\u201c \u662f\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u5169\u4f4d\u6700\u6fc0\u9032\u548c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u502b\u7406\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u3002\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0d\u8a71\u3002\u5c0d\u65bcNietzsche\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u502b\u7406\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u88ab\u5229\u5df1\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u610f\u5fd7\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bcL\u00e9vinas\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u502b\u7406\u662f\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u4e4b\u524d\u5c0d\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u7121\u9650\u8cac\u4efb\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff1a <br>\n\u201c\u201cRevaluing Ethics: Time, Teaching, and the Ambiguity of Forces,\u201d\u91cd\u65b0\u8a55\u4f30\u502b\u7406\uff1a\u6642\u9593\u3001\u6559\u5b78\u548c\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\u201d\u3001 <br>\n\u201c\u201cThe Subject: Sensing, Suffering, and Responding,\u201d \u4e3b\u984c\uff1a\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u53d7\u82e6\u548c\u56de\u61c9\u201d\u548c <br>\n\u201c \u201cHeteronomy and Ubiquity: God in Philosophy.\u201d\u4ed6\u5f8b\u8207\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\uff1a\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u201d\u3002 <br>\n\u5404\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u53ea\u662f\u9b06\u6563\u5730\u806f\u7e6b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5341\u4e5d\u9801\u7684\u5c0e\u8ad6(Introduction)\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7c21\u77ed\u7e3d\u7d50\uff0c\u61c9\u67e5\u95b1\u6e05\u55ae\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002 \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNietzsche and Levinas &#8221; \u9996\u5148\u958b\u555f\u65bc\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u6bd4\u8f03\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4f7f\u9019\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c0d\u6bd4\u2014\u2014\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u5171\u540c\u9ede\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u6d89\u53ca\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u3002\u5728Nietzsche\u548cLevinas\u4e4b\u9593\u5283\u51fa\u4e86\u5169\u689d\u5171\u540c\u7684\u754c\u7dda\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u88ab\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u95dc\u5fc3\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u6b7b\u548c\u865b\u7121\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u6b7b\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u5c0d\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u6216\u57fa\u790e\u611f\u7684\u64a4\u9000\u3002 (Schroeder, P 233) Drabinski \u8a8d\u70ba\u5076\u50cf\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u8a31\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u8003\u616e\u5230Levinas\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u7d93\u6b77\u2014\u2014\u662f\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u62b9\u6bba\u3002\u6230\u722d\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56b4\u91cd\u7834\u58de\u548c\u7834\u58de\u4e00\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7b49\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5275\u50b7\u5f8c\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002Nietzsche\u548cLevinas\u5728\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u640d\u5931\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u201c\u865b\u7121\u201d\u4e2d\u76f8\u9047\u3002 \uff08P 144\uff09\u540c\u6a23\uff0cDavid Boothroyd\u8a55\u8ad6\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u82e6\u96e3\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u901a\u9053\uff08P 150\uff09\u5c0d\u5169\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6027\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u8ce6\u4e88\u82e6\u96e3\u4ee5\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u514d\u65bc\u865b\u7121\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7d55\u671b\u3002 \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5169\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0d\u8eab\u9ad4\u548c\u5177\u8eab\u6027embodiment\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f Rosalyn Diprose\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u201c\u8ec0\u9ad4\u53cd\u5c04\u6027somatic reflexivity\u201d\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002 Boothroyd\u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u610f\u7fa9\u6e90\u65bc\u7269\u8cea\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bcNietzsche\u548cLevinas\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u89e3\u91cb\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u4f5c\u70ba\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u3002 (p 155) Diprose \u8072\u7a31\uff0cLevinas\u7684\u502b\u7406\u8cac\u4efb\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u7531\u5c3c\u91c7\u5c07\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6982\u5ff5\u8996\u70ba\u6709\u5f62\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u8cac\u4efb\u9996\u5148\u662f\u901a\u904e\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u3002 (p 118) Rosalyn Diprose \u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u53cd\u61c9\u9748\u654f\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u662f\u6b0a\u529b\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u80fd\u5920\u9069\u61c9\u548c\u61c9\u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975c\u614b\u7684\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u3001\u7406\u60f3\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u8eab\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u8d85\u51fa\u5176\u63a7\u5236\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u4f86\u201c\u9006\u8f49\u201d\uff08Stauffer\uff0cp 45\uff09\uff1b Diprose \u8072\u7a31\u9019\u4e5f\u8207\u5217\u7dad\u7d0d\u65af\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u4e3b\u9ad4\u76f8\u4f3c\uff08\u5118\u7ba1\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u662f\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff09\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0cRichard A. Cohen\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86Hegel\u3001Marx\u3001Freud\u548cHeidegger\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u7684Levinas\u8a66\u5716\u514b\u670d\u65af\u8cd3\u8afe\u838e\u4e3b\u7fa9 Spinozism\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u2014\u2014\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u5047\u8a2d\u3002 (p 165) \u4f7fNietzsche\u7684 Spinozism\u6210\u70ba\u5c0dLevinas\u66f4\u6709\u529b\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u7a2e\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6216\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u9ad4\u73fe\u89c0\u9ede\u3002 (p 167) Levinas\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u8207Nietzsche\u7684\u6d3b\u9ad4\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6ontology of the living body\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u3002 \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u5169\u9ede\u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u5e1d\u548c\u5076\u50cf\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad4\u73fe\u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u6536\u85cf\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u8ca2\u737b\u8005\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a55\u4f30\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5728 Claire Elise Katz \u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u55ae\u7368\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6559\u5b78\uff08\u548c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\uff09\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002Katz\u8aaa\uff0cLevinas\u8d0a\u540c\u5854\u6728\u5fb7\u6cd5Talmudic \uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u771f\u7406\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u591a\u97f3\u7684\u548c\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u771f\u7406\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\uff0c\u7e3d\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6771\u897f\u9700\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002 (p 88) Nietzsche\u8868\u73fe\u5728Zarathustra\u2019\u672a\u80fd\u6309\u7167\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u4e5f\u8868\u73fe\u5728\u4ed6\u5c0d\u4e0d\u65b7\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u4e0d\u6eff\u8db3\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u771f\u7406\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6bc5\u529b\u7684\u8b9a\u63da\u4e2d\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u908a\u7de3\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u7d55\u5c0d\u771f\u7406\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u4f3c\u4e4e\u78ba\u5be6\u6f5b\u4f0f\u5728\u5169\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f9e\u672a\u5c48\u670d\u65bc\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u63a5\u53d7\u6216\u5426\u8a8d\u3002 \uff08Bettina Bergo\uff0cp 112\uff09 \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u5982\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u9ede\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8a72\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\u6700\u5f8c\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86Nietzsche\u548cLevinas\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4e26\u8a66\u5716\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\u5229\u5df1\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u610f\u5fd7\u548c\u7121\u9650\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u6bd4\u5169\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u5171\u540c\u9ede\u8981\u6709\u8da3\u548c\u591a\u6a23\u5316\u5f97\u591a\u3002 \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Silvia Benso \u70baLevinas\u8faf\u8b77\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u4ed6\u88ab\u6307\u63a7\u70ba\u201c\u82e6\u884c\u50e7\u201d\u4e26\u52a9\u9577\u6028\u6068\u2014\u2014\u9019\u662fNietzsche\u5c0dLevinas\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u610f\u898b\u3002 (Jean-Michel Longneaux, p 56) \u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff08\u8868\u5fb5\u6028\u6068\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff09\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c Benso\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u4ee5Levinas\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u70ba\u524d\u63d0\u3002 (p 223) \u5c0dLevinas\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b0a\u529b\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u6210\u70ba\u6eff\u6ea2\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u7d66\u4e88\u8005\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u5982Nietzsche\u7684\u201d Thus Spoke Zarathustra \u201c\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4f7f\u9019\u7a2e\u7121\u9650\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6210\u70ba\u6211\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u88ab\u884c\u4f7f\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u3002 \uff08226\uff09Levinas\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u8207\u5c3c\u91c7\u5c0d\u201c\u5927\u5e2b\u9053\u5fb7\u201d\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e26\u4e0d\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u3002 (p 230) \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jean-Michel Longneaux \u59cb\u65bc\u5c3c\u91c7\u548c\u5217\u7dad\u7d0d\u65af\u7684\u5171\u540c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eab\u53d7\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027 (p 48)\uff1b\u4f46\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u5206\u6b67\u3002 Longneaux \u5426\u8a8dNietzsche\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u95dc\u65bc\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u548c\u5b64\u7acb\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u8b58\u5225\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff08p 65\uff09\uff0c\u800c Boothroyd \u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002 (p 159) Longneaux \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6298\u8877\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5728Levinas\u7cbe\u795e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u662fNietzsche\u5f0f\u4eab\u53d7\u7684\u5834\u6240\uff1b\u4f46\u9019\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u8d85\u7136\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u505a\u51fa\u59a5\u5354\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u653e\u68c4\u5929\u4f7f\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u652f\u6301\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002 (p 67) \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Diprose \u505a\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5979\u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u8cac\u4efb\uff08\u5728\u5c3c\u91c7\u770b\u4f86\u662f\u5c0d\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u548c\u5c0d\u751f\u547d\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\uff09\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6e90\u65bc\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u627f\u8afe\u3002\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u7a2eLevinas\u5f0f\u7684\uff08\u5c0d\u4ed6\u8005\uff09\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u7368\u7279\u7684\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u548c\u50f9\u503c\uff1b\u9019\u662f\u5c3c\u91c7\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u90a3\u7a2e\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5217\u7dad\u7d0d\u65af\u5f0f\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301Nietzsche\u5f0f\u7684\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u8ca0\u8cac\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002 \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai\u00a8cha Liviana Messina\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u985e\u4f3c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u548c\u89e3\u3002\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u540c\u6027\u6200\u79d1\u5b78\u201d\uff0c\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u201c\u4e09\u500b\u8b8a\u5f62\u201d\u4e2d\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u3001\u5929\u771f\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u64fa\u812b\u4e86\u7345\u5b50\u8faf\u8b49\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u6027\u3002 (p 206) \u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u8ffd\u6c42\u6b0a\u529b\uff0cMessina\u8072\u7a31\u7684\u6771\u897f\u7e3d\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u7d66\u7345\u5b50\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u5c0dLevinas\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u7121\u6b0a\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7e3d\u662f\u628a\u6211\u5f9e\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u4e0a\u62c9\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u70ba\u6211\u6253\u958b\u7121\u9650\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002 (p 207) \u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4ee3\u8868\u96e2\u958b\u3002 \u201c\u8b8a\u5f62\u8a18\u201d\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fce\u63a5\u672a\u4f86\u9019\u7a2e\u5feb\u6a02\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u3002Messina\u7e3d\u7d50\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u5728Nietzsche\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u2018\u7121\u8f9c\u2018innocent\u2019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u2018\u4e0d\u627f\u8afe\u2018uncommitted\u2019\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u2018\u7121\u79c1disinterested\u2019\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8db3\u8de1\u6216\u81ea\u6211\u88ab\u62b9\u53bb\u3002Levinas\u7684\u2018\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efbResponsible\u2019\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u2018\u9053\u5fb7\u2018moral\u2019\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u5728\u5e36\u4f86\u96e2\u958b\u7684\u53ec\u559a\u4e2d\u3002\u201d (p 208) \u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5feb\u6a02\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6216\u5feb\u6a02\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002 \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Richard A. Cohen\u8a8d\u70ba\u617e\u671b\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u6027\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u8cacNietzsche\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u8a31\u6709\u9ede\u5009\u4fc3\u2014\u2014\u5c07\u201c\u6b0a\u529b\u610f\u5fd7\u201d\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u5f15\u5165\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u800c\u64da\u7a31Levinas\u5805\u6301\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \uff08p 180\uff09\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\uff0cJudith Butler\u8cea\u7591Levinas\u7684\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u662f\u5426\u5c0d\u81ea\u6211\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\uff0c\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u670d\u5f9e\u7368\u88c1\u7d71\u6cbb\uff08p 72\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5a01\u8105\u5230\u751f\u7269\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002 (p 79) \u6700\u5f8c\uff0cBergo\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u5c31Nietzsche\u548cLevinas\u5c0d\u611f\u6027\u548c\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u3002 (p 112) \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7e3d\u7684\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5c0dNietzsche\u548cLevinas\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6279\u8a55\u548c\u7d9c\u5408\uff0c\u6563\u6587\u96c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6771\u897f\u3002\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u958b\u95e2\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9014\u5f91\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u8a55\u4f30\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u56f0\u96e3\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u5c0d\u8a72\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u6279\u8a55\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u7ae0\u8981\u5f37\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u548c\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u8b80\u7684\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e00\u4e9b\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u5bf6\u77f3\uff08Benso\u3001Diprose \u548c Messina \u7b49\uff09\u8db3\u4ee5\u5f4c\u88dc\u4e00\u5169\u7bc7\u8f03\u5f31\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7d93\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u5c07\u9078\u96c6\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u64da\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u984c\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u88ab\u5408\u4f75\u548c\u653e\u68c4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u64da\u8ca2\u737b\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u4ee5\u516c\u958b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9054\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u5c0dNietzsche\u548cLevinas\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u76f8\u4e92\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3002\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u53d7\u76ca\u65bc\u95b1\u8b80\u5c0d\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7d66\u5b9a\u8ca2\u737b\u7684\u53cd\u99c1\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u6709\u9019\u500b\u5c0f\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4f46\u5f37\u70c8\u63a8\u85a6\u7d66\u4efb\u4f55\u5c0dNietzsche\u548cLevinas\u7684\u502b\u7406\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Neitzsche \u96d6\u7b97\u4e0d\u4e0a\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\uff08\u7cfb\u7d71\uff09\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5374\u662f\u591a\u4eba\u559c\u611b\u800c\u53c8\u6700\u53d7\u4eba\u8aa4\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u201d\uff1b\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u6fc0\u9032\u6027\u4e5f\u666e\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u8a8d\u540c Jill Stauffer \u548c Bettina Bergo \u7684 \u201cNietzsche and Levinas : &#8220;after the death of a certain God&#8221;\u201c \u662f\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u5169\u4f4d\u6700\u6fc0\u9032\u548c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u502b\u7406\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u3002\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0d\u8a71\u3002\u5c0d\u65bcNietzsche\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u502b\u7406\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u88ab\u5229\u5df1\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u610f\u5fd7\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bcL\u00e9vinas\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u502b\u7406\u662f\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u4e4b\u524d\u5c0d\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u7121\u9650\u8cac\u4efb\u3002 \u672c\u66f8\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff1a \u201c\u201cRevaluing Ethics: Time, Teaching, and the Ambiguity of Forces,\u201d\u91cd\u65b0\u8a55\u4f30\u502b\u7406\uff1a\u6642\u9593\u3001\u6559\u5b78\u548c\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\u201d\u3001 \u201c\u201cThe Subject: Sensing, Suffering, and Responding,\u201d \u4e3b\u984c\uff1a\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u53d7\u82e6\u548c\u56de\u61c9\u201d\u548c \u201c \u201cHeteronomy and &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/11\/10\/nietzsche-and-levinas-after-the-death-of-a-certain-god\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--chaos"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2du","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8524"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8526,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8524\/revisions\/8526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}