{"id":8548,"date":"2022-11-29T15:56:29","date_gmt":"2022-11-29T15:56:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8548"},"modified":"2022-11-29T15:56:33","modified_gmt":"2022-11-29T15:56:33","slug":"seeing-dark-things-the-philosophy-of-shadows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/11\/29\/seeing-dark-things-the-philosophy-of-shadows\/","title":{"rendered":"Seeing Dark Things: The Philosophy of Shadows"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56f0\u64fe\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u7684\u773c\u75be\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u624b\u8853\uff1b\u4eca\u5929\u7e3d\u7b97\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u3002\u773c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u53ef\u8b02\u201c\u77e5\u8b58\u4e4b\u6e90\u201d\uff0c\u65bc\u6b64\u4e0d\u671f\u7136\u60f3\u8d77\u5beb\u4f5c\u300a\u6096\u8ad6\u7c21\u53f2\u201cA Brief History of the Paradox \u201dRay\nSorensen\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8996\u89ba\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u4f5c\u54c1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5348\u5f8c\u7684\u967d\u5149\u4e0b\u73a9\u800d\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u5de6\u53f3\u64fa\u52d5\u5979\u7684\u624b\u81c2\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u628a\u5979\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u8d95\u51fa\u53bb\u3002 \u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u9019\u5834\u6bd4\u8cfd\u662f\u5979\u6c38\u9060\u8d0f\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u3002 \u5979\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u5728\u5979\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u79fb\u52d5\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\u904a\u6232\u57f9\u990a\u5e38\u8b58\u667a\u6167\uff1b \u7576\u4e8b\u7269\u79fb\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u4e5f\u6703\u79fb\u52d5\u3002 \u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u5011\u5462\uff1f \u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u7403\u9ad4\u6295\u4e0b\u9670\u5f71\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u4e5f\u6703\u65cb\u8f49\u55ce\uff1f \u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u8b93\u4f60\u5927\u5403\u4e00\u9a5a\u3002 \u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\uff1f\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u3002 \u4f46\u8a71\u53c8\u8aaa\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u5462\uff1f \u9019\u662fRoy Sorensen\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u770b\u4f3c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u73fe\u50cf\u4ee5\u6070\u5230\u597d\u8655\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u8a72\u8aaa\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u61f8\u639b\u7684\u5713\u9310\u9ad4\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e0a\u65b9\u7167\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u500b\u622a\u982d\u5713\u9310\u9ad4\u4e2d\u6295\u4e0b\u9670\u5f71\u3002 \u73fe\u5728\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u7528\u9019\u500b\u622a\u9310\u9ad4\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u584a\u9ed1\u78da\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5857\u6f06\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5c31\u50cf\u5f71\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 \u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u55ae\u7368\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u9670\u5f71\u548c\u78da\u584a\u90fd\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u898b\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u79fb\u52d5\u78da\u584a\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u6070\u597d\u586b\u5145\u9670\u5f71\u9ad4\u7a4d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u770b\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5c07\u78da\u584a\u5b8c\u5168\u6ed1\u5165\u5b83\u6240\u4f54\u64da\u7684\u9ad4\u7a4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u9670\u5f71\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5df2\u88ab\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u88ab\u64cb\u4f4f\u4e86\u8996\u7dda\u3002 \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u78da\u584a\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u9670\u5f71\u541e\u6c92\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5149\u7dda\u7167\u5c04\u5230\u5b83\u3002 \u90a3\u600e\u9ebc\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5f97\u898b\u5462\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e9b\u96e3\u984c\u662f \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Seeing-Dark-Things-Philosophy-Shadows\/dp\/0199797137\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=SNBN5CS6CS5H&amp;keywords=Seeing+Dark+Things%3A+The+Philosophy+of+Shadows&amp;qid=1669735346&amp;sprefix=seeing+dark+things+the+philosophy+of+shadows%2Caps%2C293&amp;sr=8-1&amp;ufe=app_do%3Aamzn1.fos.08f69ac3-fd3d-4b88-bca2-8997e41410bb\">Seeing Dark Things: The Philosophy of Shadows<\/a>\u201d \u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u662f\u6211\u5011\u8207\u7f3a\u5e2d\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u9670\u5f71\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u95dc\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5Sorensen\u8457\u540d\u7684\u65e5\u98df\u4e4b\u8b0e\u958b\u7bc7\u3002\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\u89c0\u770b\u96d9\u65e5\u98df\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5169\u9846\u884c\u661f\uff0c\u8fd1\u5730\u548c\u9060\u5730\uff0c\u4ecb\u65bc\u4f60\u548c\u592a\u967d\u4e4b\u9593\u3002\u8ddd\u96e2\u66f4\u9060\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6070\u597d\u88ab\u5b83\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6240\u88dc\u511f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u9846\u884c\u661f\u88ab\u6bb2\u6ec5\uff0c\u5834\u666f\u5c0d\u4f60\u4f86\u8aaa\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u6191\u76f4\u89ba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9846\u884c\u661f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u54ea\u500b\uff1fSorensen\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1 \u662f\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u9592\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u53ef\u898bcausally idle and therefore invisible\u201d\u3002\u9060\u65b9\u88ab\u8fd1\u65b9\u64cb\u4f4f\u600e\u9ebc\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u9060\u65b9\u5462\uff1f Sorensen \u5de7\u5999\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u9060\u65b9\u7684\u526a\u5f71\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9060\u65b9\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6839\u64da Sorensen \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8f2a\u5ed3\u662f\u80cc\u5149\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u80cc\u9762\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u963b\u64cb\u7684\u5149\u7dda\u800c\u53ef\u898b\u3002\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u8996\u89ba\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5149\u50b3\u8f38\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u4e00\u7ae0\u8003\u616e\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f69\u8272\u9670\u5f71\u3002 \u4e0d\uff0cSorensen\u8aaa\uff0c\u5f69\u8272\u9670\u5f71\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u904e\u6ffe\u5668filtows\u201d\uff0c\u904e\u6ffe\u5f8c\u7684\u5149\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u9670\u5f71\u4e0d\u662f\u5149\u9ad4\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u95dc\u65bc\u77e5\u89ba\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d50\u5c3e\u3002 \u8272\u76f2\u8005\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u7070\u8272\u7684\u55ce\uff1f \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6b63\u5982Sorensen\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u9808\u770b\u5230\u984f\u8272\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u9ed1\u8272\u548c\u767d\u8272\u55ce\uff1f \u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5426\u5728\u6f06\u9ed1\u4e00\u7247\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u5bc2\u975c\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u807d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u8072\u97f3\uff1f \u662f\u7684\uff0cSorensen\u722d\u8faf\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9ed1\u6697\uff0c\u807d\u5230\u5bc2\u975c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8996\u89ba\u6216\u807d\u89ba\u9ad4\u9a57\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sorensen \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7522\u548c\u5bcc\u6709\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5229\u7528\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u548c\u8996\u89ba\u79d1\u5b78\u4f86\u958b\u63a1\u4ed6\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u63a1\u77f3\u5834\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u3001\u8efc\u4e8b\u548c\u4f8b\u5b50\u7e3d\u662f\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u3002 \u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ed6\u6beb\u4e0d\u8cbb\u529b\u7684\u98a8\u683c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u64c1\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u672c\u7a00\u6709\u5546\u54c1\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u672c\u8a31\u591a\u975e\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u90fd\u6703\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u56b4\u8085\u54f2\u5b78\u66f8\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u95dc\u65bc\u9670\u5f71\u6216\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u8b0e\u984c\u5982\u4f55\u69cb\u6210\u56b4\u8085\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u3002 \u61f7\u7591\u8ad6\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u8a18\u4f4f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u758f\u5ffd\u8207\u884c\u70ba\u4e00\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u8cac\u5099\u6216\u8b9a\u63da\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b83\u5c31\u5f88\u96e3\u4ee4\u4eba\u6eff\u610f\u3002 \u985e\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u50c5\u8aaa\u660e\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0d\u611f\u77e5\u4e8b\u7269\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8aaa\u660e\u5c07\u5931\u6557\u3002 \u6b63\u5982Sorensen\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u201c\u7576\u611f\u77e5\u7406\u8ad6\u9810\u6e2c\u4f60\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u4f60\u78ba\u5be6\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6771\u897f\u6642\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u76f8\u4fe1\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u3002 \u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u807d\u529b\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u807d\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u807d\u5230\u5bc2\u975c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u8dcc\u8dcc\u649e\u649e\u3002 \u6c92\u6709\u5bc2\u975c\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sorensen \u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7368\u7279\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u7f3a\u5e2d\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8aaa\u660e\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u64da\u6bcf\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u3002 \u4ed6\u7576\u7136\u654f\u92b3\u5730\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u59cb\u7d42\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u627f\u8afe\u4f86\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b83\u5011\u3002 \u771f\u6b63\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6703\u5617\u8a66\u6839\u64da\u6578\u64da\u8abf\u6574\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91cb\u6578\u64da\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u7406\u8ad6\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u56de\u5230\u6211\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u5169\u500b\u8b0e\u984c\u4f86\u770b\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u70ba\u4e86\u601d\u8003\u5c0d\u9670\u5f71\u7684\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u9670\u5f71\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 \u65cb\u8f49\u7403\u9ad4\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u4e4b\u8b0e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u56de\u7b54\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0cSorensen\u8655\u7406\u9019\u500b\u8b0e\u984c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5f9e\u5f71\u5b50\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u634d\u885b\u5b83\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u8b0e\u984c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002 \u6839\u64da Sorensen \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f71\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b8c\u5168\u5ba2\u89c0\u4f46\u56e0\u679c\u884d\u751f\u7684\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5149\uff0c\u5176\u8eab\u4efd\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u9020\u6210\u5b83\u7684\u5149\u963b\u6eef\u5291\u3002 \u5982\u6b64\u8a2d\u60f3\uff0cSorensen\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u7406\u7531\u5426\u8a8d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u5713\u5f62\u9670\u5f71\u53ef\u4ee5\u7e7c\u627f\u5176\u65bd\u6cd5\u8005\u7684\u65cb\u8f49\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u8996\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\u76f8\u53cd\u76f4\u89ba\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u66f4\u52a0\u76f8\u4fe1\u6211\u5011\u666e\u901a\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\uff0c\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff1f \u901a\u904e\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8b58\u5225\u7f3a\u5c11\u5149\u7dda\u7684\u9670\u5f71\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u9055\u53cd\u76f4\u89ba\u7684\u65cb\u8f49\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982Sorensen\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u592a\u7c21\u55ae\u4e86\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u5230\u6211\u5011\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\u3002 \u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u7403\u9ad4\u4e0a\u958b\u4e00\u500b\u6a62\u5713\u5b54\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u5f71\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u611f\u77e5\u70ba\u5728\u65cb\u8f49\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9670\u5f71\u53ea\u662f\u7f3a\u5c11\u5149\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u932f\u89ba\u3002 \u7f3a\u5e2d\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u6703\u65cb\u8f49\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u53ea\u6703\u8b8a\u5f62\u3002 \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u770b\u51fa\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u63a5\u89f8\u6210\u70ba\u5f71\u5b50\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u5145\u5206\u689d\u4ef6\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u98db\u6a5f\u548c\u96f2\u6295\u5c04\u7684\u9670\u5f71\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7565\u5fae\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9670\u5f71\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u7a2e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u5011\u6240\u6709\u76f4\u89ba\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9670\u5f71\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u4e3b\u89c0\u73fe\u8c61\uff1b \u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u8207\u6211\u5011\u8996\u89ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5f69\u8679\u6216\u5929\u7a7a\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 \u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u662f\u9670\u5f71\u50c5\u5177\u6709\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u53ef\u901a\u904e\u8996\u89ba\u5340\u5206\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5167\u5728\u5c6c\u6027\u3002 \u65cb\u8f49\u7403\u9ad4\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u5728\u5176\u53ef\u898b\u5c6c\u6027\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u81ea\u65cb\u4e0d\u5728\u5176\u56fa\u6709\u5c6c\u6027\u4e2d\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57f7\u8457\u65bc\u9670\u5f71\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\uff0cSorensen \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u5b83\u61c9\u5f97\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u9019\u7a2e\u4e3b\u89c0\u89c0\u9ede\u3002 \u4ed6\u99c1\u65a5\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6307\u8cac\u5b83\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\uff08\u986f\u7136\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\uff09\u8072\u7a31\u9670\u5f71\u5177\u6709\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u4f60\u770b\u4f86\u5177\u6709\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c6c\u6027\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u8a72\u7406\u8ad6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u4f60\u770b\u4f86\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5b83\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u500b\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e5f\u8207\u5373\u4f7f\u6c92\u6709\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u9670\u5f71\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u7b26\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sorensen\u7d66\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u65cb\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6578\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b\u76f4\u89ba\u4e0a\u9670\u5f71\u5728\u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8868\u660e\u8a72\u60c5\u6cc1\u8207\u65cb\u8f49\u7403\u9ad4\u9670\u5f71\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u6c92\u6709\u6839\u672c\u5340\u5225\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u554f\u984c\u7684\u65cb\u8f49\u6848\u4f8b\u6070\u6070\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u898b\u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cSorensen\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u7403\u9ad4\u6295\u5c04\u7684\u65cb\u8f49\u9670\u5f71\uff0c\u8a72\u7403\u9ad4\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5c16\u523a\uff0c\u5782\u76f4\u65bc\u5149\u6e90\u65cb\u8f49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c16\u523a\u7a81\u7136\u812b\u843d\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f\u7576\u7136\uff0cSorensen\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u662f\u5713\u5f62\u7684\uff09\u9670\u5f71\u5c07\u7e7c\u7e8c\u65cb\u8f49\u3002\u6c92\u90a3\u9ebc\u5feb\uff0c\u4e3b\u89c0\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u53cd\u99c1\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7403\u9ad4\u548c\u5c16\u523a\u9670\u5f71\u88ab\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u7d44\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u898b\u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u5c16\u523a\u7403\u9ad4\u7684\u9670\u5f71\u5c31\u6703\u65cb\u8f49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c16\u5cf0\u812b\u843d\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u6703\u7559\u4e0b\u660e\u986f\u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u3002 \uff08\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5206\u7d44\u4e5f\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u56f0\u64fe\u4e0a\u9762\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7121\u5149\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\uff09 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9670\u5f71\/\u78da\u584a\u60c5\u6cc1\u5982\u4f55\uff1f \u5927\u591a\u6578\u611f\u77e5\u54f2\u5b78\u90fd\u6703\u554f\u201c\u611f\u77e5\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u201d\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u601d\u8003\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u8272\u584a\u6216\u7d05\u756a\u8304\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0cSorensen\u7684\u9670\u5f71\/\u78da\u584a\u62fc\u5716\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0cSorensen\u518d\u6b21\u6c92\u6709\u5f9e\u8b0e\u984c\u8d70\u5411\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u958b\u59cb\u2014\u2014\u9019\u6b21\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u77e5\u89ba\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u8a72\u7406\u8ad6\u201cS \u770b\u5230\u5c0d\u8c61 O \u53ea\u662f\u5728 S \u548c O \u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u806f\u7e6b\u6642\u201d\u3002 \u904b\u7528\u56e0\u679c\u7406\u8ad6\uff0cSorensen\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u78da\u584a\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u78da\u584a\u4e0d\u5438\u6536\u4efb\u4f55\u5149\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u5011\u88ab\u770b\u5230\u7684\u201c\u9069\u7576\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u201d\u3002 \u7136\u5f8c\u4ed6\u722d\u8faf\u8aaa\u9670\u5f71\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u78da\u584a\u201c\u6316\u7a7a\u201d\u4e86\u3002 \u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u201c\u62bd\u8c61\u9762\u201d\u4f86\u770b\u5230\u5f71\u5b50\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5bcc\u6709\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u548c\u9023\u8cab\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u9084\u4e0d\u5920\u3002 \u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u6848\u4f8b\u5c0d\u77e5\u89ba\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7406\u8ad6\u65bd\u52a0\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5176\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u616e\u6070\u7576\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u806f\u7e6b\u7a76\u7adf\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 \u5229\u7528\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u78da\u584a\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u201c\u5b8c\u5168\u9670\u5f71exactly shaded\u201d\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u6848\u5b50\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u9ebc\u4ee4\u4eba\u8cbb\u89e3\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u6df1\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u9808\u5b58\u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u770b\u5230\u78da\u982d\u6216\u9670\u5f71\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff08\u81f3\u5c11\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8208\u8da3\uff09\uff1f \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u662f\u78da\u584a\u9ad4\u9a57\u9084\u662f\u5f71\u5b50\u9ad4\u9a57\u6700\u7d42\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\uff1f \u9019\u4e9b\u64d4\u6182\u7d72\u6beb\u6c92\u6709\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u201dSeeing Dark Things\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u66f8\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u90e8\u5206\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002 Sorensen\u5728\u63ed\u958b\u8b0e\u984c\u548c\u63d0\u51fa\u96e3\u984c\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u8457\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u5929\u8ce6\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u9060\u4e0d\u5982\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u901a\u904e\u53cd\u601d\u4ed6\u7684\u8b0e\u8a9e\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u898b\u89e3\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u56f0\u64fe\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u7684\u773c\u75be\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u624b\u8853\uff1b\u4eca\u5929\u7e3d\u7b97\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u3002\u773c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u53ef\u8b02\u201c\u77e5\u8b58\u4e4b\u6e90\u201d\uff0c\u65bc\u6b64\u4e0d\u671f\u7136\u60f3\u8d77\u5beb\u4f5c\u300a\u6096\u8ad6\u7c21\u53f2\u201cA Brief History of the Paradox \u201dRay Sorensen\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8996\u89ba\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u4f5c\u54c1 \u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5348\u5f8c\u7684\u967d\u5149\u4e0b\u73a9\u800d\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u5de6\u53f3\u64fa\u52d5\u5979\u7684\u624b\u81c2\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u628a\u5979\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u8d95\u51fa\u53bb\u3002 \u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u9019\u5834\u6bd4\u8cfd\u662f\u5979\u6c38\u9060\u8d0f\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u3002 \u5979\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u5728\u5979\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u79fb\u52d5\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\u904a\u6232\u57f9\u990a\u5e38\u8b58\u667a\u6167\uff1b \u7576\u4e8b\u7269\u79fb\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u4e5f\u6703\u79fb\u52d5\u3002 \u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u5011\u5462\uff1f \u65cb\u8f49\u7684\u7403\u9ad4\u6295\u4e0b\u9670\u5f71\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u4e5f\u6703\u65cb\u8f49\u55ce\uff1f \u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u8b93\u4f60\u5927\u5403\u4e00\u9a5a\u3002 \u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\uff1f\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u3002 \u4f46\u8a71\u53c8\u8aaa\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u5462\uff1f \u9019\u662fRoy Sorensen\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u770b\u4f3c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u73fe\u50cf\u4ee5\u6070\u5230\u597d\u8655\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u8a72\u8aaa\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 \u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u61f8\u639b\u7684\u5713\u9310\u9ad4\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e0a\u65b9\u7167\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u500b\u622a\u982d\u5713\u9310\u9ad4\u4e2d\u6295\u4e0b\u9670\u5f71\u3002 \u73fe\u5728\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u7528\u9019\u500b\u622a\u9310\u9ad4\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u584a\u9ed1\u78da\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5857\u6f06\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5c31\u50cf\u5f71\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 \u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u55ae\u7368\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u9670\u5f71\u548c\u78da\u584a\u90fd\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u898b\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u79fb\u52d5\u78da\u584a\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u6070\u597d\u586b\u5145\u9670\u5f71\u9ad4\u7a4d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u770b\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5c07\u78da\u584a\u5b8c\u5168\u6ed1\u5165\u5b83\u6240\u4f54\u64da\u7684\u9ad4\u7a4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u9670\u5f71\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5df2\u88ab\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u88ab\u64cb\u4f4f\u4e86\u8996\u7dda\u3002 \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u78da\u584a\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u9670\u5f71\u541e\u6c92\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5149\u7dda\u7167\u5c04\u5230\u5b83\u3002 \u90a3\u600e\u9ebc\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5f97\u898b\u5462\uff1f \u9019\u4e9b\u96e3\u984c\u662f \u201cSeeing Dark Things: The Philosophy of Shadows\u201d \u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u662f\u6211\u5011\u8207\u7f3a\u5e2d\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u9670\u5f71\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u95dc\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5Sorensen\u8457\u540d\u7684\u65e5\u98df\u4e4b\u8b0e\u958b\u7bc7\u3002\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\u89c0\u770b\u96d9\u65e5\u98df\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5169\u9846\u884c\u661f\uff0c\u8fd1\u5730\u548c\u9060\u5730\uff0c\u4ecb\u65bc\u4f60\u548c\u592a\u967d\u4e4b\u9593\u3002\u8ddd\u96e2\u66f4\u9060\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6070\u597d\u88ab\u5b83\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6240\u88dc\u511f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u9846\u884c\u661f\u88ab\u6bb2\u6ec5\uff0c\u5834\u666f\u5c0d\u4f60\u4f86\u8aaa\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u6191\u76f4\u89ba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9846\u884c\u661f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u54ea\u500b\uff1fSorensen\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1 \u662f\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u9592\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u53ef\u898bcausally &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/11\/29\/seeing-dark-things-the-philosophy-of-shadows\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2dS","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8548"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8549,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8548\/revisions\/8549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}