{"id":8577,"date":"2022-12-17T08:04:22","date_gmt":"2022-12-17T08:04:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8577"},"modified":"2022-12-18T08:05:23","modified_gmt":"2022-12-18T08:05:23","slug":"gods-voices-and-the-bicameral-mind","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2022\/12\/17\/gods-voices-and-the-bicameral-mind\/","title":{"rendered":"Gods, Voices, and the Bicameral Mind"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u591a\u4e45\uff1f \u610f\u8b58\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f \u4e0a\u5e1d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u807d\u5230\u6307\u63ee\u4ed6\u5011\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff1f \u9019\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6Julian Jaynes \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u548c\u722d\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u6709\u8da3\u554f\u984c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Julian Jaynes\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u958b\u59cb\u5927\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u7570\u5e38\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u7c89\u7d72\u540d\u55ae\u2014\u2014Daniel Dennett \u53d7\u5230\u5176\u610f\u8b58\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c David Bowie<\/a>\u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u9078\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684 100 \u672c\u66f8\u5fc5\u8b80\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c Terence McKenna <\/a>\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u66f8\u6700\u5177\u6311\u91c1\u6027\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u800cPhilip K Dick<\/a>\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u3002 Richard Dawkins\u5728\u201dThe God Delusion\u201d \u4e2d\u66f4\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u8a55\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u8981\u9ebd\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u5783\u573e\uff0c\u8981\u9ebd\u662f\u7d55\u9802\u5929\u624d\u7684\u66f8\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u610f\u8b58\uff08Jaynes\u5c07\u5176\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5167\u7701\uff09\u5927\u7d04\u5728 3000 \u5e74\u524d\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\u3002 \u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u8033\u805e\u76ee\u7779\uff0c\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u795e\u660e\u7684\u5429\u5490\uff0c\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\u5730\u670d\u5f9e\u3002 \u4eba\u6703\u807d\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5167\u5728\u8072\u97f3\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u81ea\u5927\u8166\u7684\u53f3\u534a\u7403\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667abicameral mind\u201d\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u8a72\u5047\u8a2d\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u66fe\u7d93\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a8d\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u88ab\u5272\u88c2\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5283\u5206\u5728\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7528\u65bc\u201c\u8aac\u8a71\u201d\u7684\u8166\u5340\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5247\u5283\u5206\u5728\u7528\u65bc\u201c\u8046\u807d\u201d\u548c\u201c\u670d\u5f9e\u201d\u7684\u8166\u5340\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5728\u8377\u99ac\u53f2\u8a69”Iliad”\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002 \u8377\u99ac\u7b46\u4e0b\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u6c92\u6709\u5167\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u53cd\u7701\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u773e\u795e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u5011\u8a72\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u7167\u505a\u4e86\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u73fe\u4ee3\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u9ad8\u8cb4\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u201d\u3002 \u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u667a\u4eba\u800c\u662f\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u7684\u9a5a\u4eba\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u6574\u500b\u6587\u660e\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5167\u7701\u6216\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u6bad\u5c4d\u6587\u660e\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u5438\u5f15\u4e86Daniel Dennett\u548cPhilip K. Dick.\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u63a8\u6e2c\u8a9e\u97f3\u807d\u529b\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u7b49\u7d1a\u63a7\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u767c\u5c55\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u9760\u8fd1\u5c0a\u9577\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u807d\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u96e2\u5c0a\u9577\u66f4\u9060\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u807d\u5230\u5167\u5fc3\u5c0a\u9577\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u8a00\u5c24\u5728\u8033\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e8c\u5343\u5e74\u6216\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u67d0\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u3002 Jaynes\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u901a\u904e\u96b1\u55bb\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u800c\u767c\u751f\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5011\u7684\u982d\u8166\u958b\u59cb\u80fd\u5920\u9032\u884c\u985e\u6bd4\uff0c\u5c07\u540c\u985e\u8207\u540c\u985e\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5c07\u6642\u9593\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u5411\u524d\u548c\u5411\u5f8c\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u5177\u6709\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u82f1\u96c4\uff08\u4ed6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u201c \u6a21\u64ec I’)\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u96b1\u55bb\u7684\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u7a81\u89f8\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u667a\u4eba\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u96b1\u55bb\u610f\u8b58metaphoric consciousness\u7684\u6f23\u6f2a\u5834\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96a8\u8457\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u201d\u88ab\u6253\u7834\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u78ba\u5207\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u8072\u97f3\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u5167\u90e8\u610f\u8b58\u3002 \u9664\u975e\u5728\u6975\u5ea6\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u4e0d\u518d\u7d93\u5e38\u807d\u5230\u773e\u795e\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5167\u5316\u70ba\u826f\u5fc3\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u773e\u795e\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u6b21\u6578\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u932f\u904e\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6307\u5f15\u4e26\u5bb3\u6015\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u61a4\u6012\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u5011\u505a\u932f\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u800c\u8b93\u773e\u795e\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\uff0c\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u5c0d\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u8072\u97f3\/\u901d\u53bb\u7684\u795e\u9748\u7684\u201c\u61f7\u820a\u75db\u82e6nostalgic anguish\u201d\u800c\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u3002 \u4ed6\u66fe\u4f7f\u7528\u8056\u7d93\u4f5c\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u80cc\u96e2\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3002 \u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0cElohim\uff08\u5927\u80fd\u8005\uff09\u4e00\u76f4\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\u8a71\u3002 \u7136\u5f8c\u662f\u58ae\u843d\u2014\u2014\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u3002 \u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5927\u80fd\u8005\u53ea\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u88ab\u9078\u4e2d\u7684\u5148\u77e5\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6469\u897f\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u8036\u548c\u83ef\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5fe0\u65bc\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5236\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u2026..\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u5118\u7ba1\u4eba\u985e\u9032\u5316\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u662f\u8a9e\u97f3\u807d\u529b\u3002 \u591a\u9054 10% \u7684\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u500b\u6642\u523b\u807d\u5230\u904e\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u767c\u75c5\u7387 (1%)\u3002 \u5c0d\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u807d\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u865b\u5f31\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u7a4d\u6975\u548c\u9f13\u821e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u58d3\u529b\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u611f\u89ba\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u2014\u2014\u64da\u50b3\u805e\uff0c\u81e8\u7d42\u8005\u770b\u5230\u6b7b\u53bb\u89aa\u4eba\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u5e38\u898b\u7684<\/a>\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u591a\u9054 35% \u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u5931\u53bb\u89aa\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\u96e2\u53bb\u7684\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u6975\u7aef\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u767b\u5c71\u8005\u7d93\u5e38\u5831\u544a\u8aaa\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\u5728\u5f15\u5c0e\u4ed6\u5011\uff08\u7a31\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u70ba\u56e0\u7d20<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u7d04 65% \u7684\u5b69\u5b50<\/a>\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u904e\u201c\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u201d\u6216\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u67d0\u7a2e\u5b88\u8b77\u5929\u4f7f\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u2014\u2014Jaynes\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b69\u5b50\u5f9e\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u9032\u5316\u5230\u6709\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfJean Piaget<\/strong>\u8a8d\u70ba\u5e7c\u5152\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u662f\u842c\u7269\u6709\u9748\u8ad6\u8005\uff08\u5373 \u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u610f\u8b58\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u7279\u6b8a\u610f\u8b58\u8ce6\u4e88\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u5925\u4f34\uff0c\u5982\u5c0f\u718a\u7dad\u5c3c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u64daJaynes\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u907a\u8de1\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u88ab\u50ac\u7720\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u50ac\u7720\u958b\u653e\u662f\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\u670d\u5f9e\u7684\u6b98\u9918\uff09\u548c\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u8a69\u6b4c\u7684\u71b1\u611b\uff0c\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5230\u4e86 \u4f86\u81ea\u8a69\u58c7\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u8a69\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u5c31\u662fJaynes\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8166\u6210\u50cf\u7814\u7a76\u8b49\u5be6\u4e86\u4ed6\u95dc\u65bc\u5927\u8166\u529f\u80fd\u504f\u5074\u5316\u548c\u53f3\u534a\u7403\u5e7b\u807d\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u7684\u66f8\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u8207Iain McGilchrist\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u2018\u2019The Master and His Emissary: The Divided Brain and the Making of the Western World\u2018\u2019\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u4e5f\u5c07\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7528\u65bc\u5b8f\u5927\u6b77\u53f2\u7406\u8ad6\u3002 \u4f46McGilchrist\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5169\u500b\u534a\u7403\u7684\u878d\u5408\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u773e\u795e\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u901a\u904e\u8a69\u6b4c\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52d5\u5c07\u53f3\u534a\u7403\u5e36\u56de\u6e38\u6232\u4e2d\uff0c\u800cJaynes\u5247\u4e0d\u592a\u95dc\u5fc3\u56de\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfMax Weber\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b66\u544a\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u62b5\u5236\u5c0d\u53f3\u534a\u7403\u9b45\u529b\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u61f7\u820a\u617e\u671b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u95dc\u65bcJaynes\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u610f\u8b58\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u6c7a\u5fc3\u9748\u5982\u4f55\u4f86\u81ea\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u201c\u96e3\u984c\u201d\u3002 \u5373\u4f7fAchilles\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u89ba\u5730\u9032\u884c\u5167\u7701\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u7d93\u6b77\u5fc3\u7406\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u95dc\u201c\u5e7b\u807d\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u4e5f\u6709\u95dc\u65bc\u2018\u2019\u5e7b\u807d\u2018\u2019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u7576\u7136\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u5c1a\u6709\u5f85\u63a2\u8a0e\u3002\u5982 \u770b\u770b\u5f9e\u6469\u897f\u5230Socrates\u5230\u8036\u7a4c\u518d\u5230\u8056\u5973\u8c9e\u5fb7\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u201c\u5e7b\u807d\u201d\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u62b5\u5236\u548c\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u591a\u8a3c\u64da\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u7fd2\u6163\u65bc\u807d\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u4e26\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5167\u7701\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8b49\u64da\u662f\u2018\u2019Iliad\u2018\u2019\u3002 \u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5f88\u7279\u5225\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u8207\u795e\u6709\u8457\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u773e\u795e\u5c0d\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u50cfCassandra\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5148\u77e5\u662f\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff1f \u5982\u679c\u773e\u795e\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u544a\u8a34\u4eba\u5011\u8a72\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5728\u2018\u2019Iliad\u2018\u2019\u4e2d\u53c8\u6709\u9700\u8981\u5360\u535c\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8aaa\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u60a3\u8005schizophrenics\u6216\u5e7b\u807d\u7684\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5167\u7701\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\uff1f \u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8cea\u7591\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u9078\u64c7\u807d\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u5167\u5728\u8072\u97f3\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5bb3\u6015\u4ed6\u5011\u3002 \u4e00\u4e9b\u8072\u97f3\u807d\u8005\u5b78\u6703\u4e86\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u66f4\u9748\u6d3b\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \uff08Jaynes \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5c07\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u5df2\u7d93\u51fa\u73fe\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u523b\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u96c5\u5178\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u610f\u8b58\u8a95\u751f\u7684\u6642\u523b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7a81\u7136\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d 5 \u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u96c5\u5178\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u4e0d\u518d\u807d\u5230\u6216\u76f8\u4fe1\u795e\u9748\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a6d\u8faf\u5bb6\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u552f\u4e00\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u662f\u516c\u773e\u8f3f\u8ad6\u3002 \u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4fee\u8fad\u6216\u8868\u9762\u73fe\u85dd\u8853\u8a95\u751f\u4e86\u3002 \u60b2\u5287\u4f5c\u5bb6Sophocles\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u4e00\u500b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7570\u7aef\uff0c\u4ed6\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5c0a\u91cd\u6211\u5011\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u50be\u807d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a46\u6bc0\u5b83\u6216\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u5b83\u62cb\u5728\u8166\u5f8c\u3002 \u5728Sophocles\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u5169\u90e8\u60b2\u5287\uff08Philoctetes\u548cOedipus\uff09\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u96c5\u5178\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u548c\u4f86\u4e16\u7684\u2014\u2014\u69cb\u7bc9\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u610f\u8b58\u8a95\u751f\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u4e00\u811a\u7ad9\u8457Socrates\uff0c\u4e00\u96bb\u8173\u8e0f\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u3002 \u4ed6\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5c07\u672a\u7d93\u6aa2\u9a57\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u5e36\u5165\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u4e26\u8a62\u554f\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u5426\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002 \u4ed6\u662f\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u52a9\u7522\u58eb\u3002 \u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7d66\u4e88\u4ed6\u9053\u5fb7\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u60e1\u9b54\uff0c\u4ed6\u5805\u7a31\u4ed6\u662f\u88ab\u773e\u795e\u6d3e\u53bb\u57f7\u884c\u4eba\u985e\u4f7f\u547d\u7684\u3002 Sophocles\u548cSocrates\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5011\u8a66\u5716\u878d\u5408\u5169\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u8b93\u5169\u500b\u5927\u8166\u534a\u7403\u806f\u59fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u548c\u807d\u529b\u7db2\u7d61<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e5f\u8a31Jaynes\u7684\u66f8\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u807d\u529b\u7db2\u7d61Hearing Voices Networks<\/a>\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u958b\u660e\u7684\u8a9e\u97f3\u807d\u529b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u958b\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 1980 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb Marius Romme <\/a>\u7684\u8377\u862d\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b78\u5bb6\u6b63\u5728\u6cbb\u7642\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb Patsy Hague \u7684 30 \u6b72\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u807d\u529b\u8005\u3002 \u5979\u6b63\u5728\u670d\u7528\u93ae\u975c\u5291\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u6cd5\u963b\u6b62\u9019\u4e9b\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5979\u96e3\u4ee5\u601d\u8003\u3002 \u5979\u8b8a\u5f97\u6709\u81ea\u6bba\u50be\u5411\u3002 \u7136\u5f8c Romme \u78b0\u5de7\u501f\u7d66\u4e86\u5979\u4e00\u672c Jaynes \u7684\u66f8\u3002 \u9019\u8b93\u5979\u89ba\u5f97\u4e5f\u8a31\u5979\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u751f\u75c5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4e16\u7d00\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93\u5979\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u662f\u201c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u50cf Romme \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e00\u6a23\u771f\u5be6\u3002Hague \u544a\u8a34 Romme \uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e00\u500b\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u672a\u898b\u904e\u6216\u807d\u5230\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u6211\u771f\u6b63\u807d\u5230\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u5462\uff1f\u201d \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u807d\u807d\u9019\u4e9b\u8072\u97f3\u5fc5\u9808\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u8996\u70ba\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u75c7\u72c0\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Romme\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u6d77\u7259\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u807d\u773e\u7684\u6703\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u71b1\u60c5\u5730\u4ea4\u63db\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7121\u52a9\u3001\u8106\u5f31\u548c\u758f\u9060\u611f\u3002 \u4e00\u7a2e\u4ee5\u540c\u4f34\u70ba\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7db2\u7d61\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u90a3\u6642\u8d77\u7e7c\u7e8c\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73fe\u4eca\uff0c\u807d\u529b\u7db2\u7d61\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u6311\u6230\u50b3\u7d71\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5373\u5e7b\u807d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8a3a\u65b7\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u6216\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u7528\u6297\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8003\u616e\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002 \u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u9ad8\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u201c\u51fa\u6ac3coming out\u201d\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5076\u723e\u6216\u7d93\u5e38\u807d\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u7279\u5225\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u8072\u97f3\u8046\u807d\u3001\u5206\u96e2\u548c\u5275\u9020\u529b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6 Marilynne Robinson\uff08\u5979\u5076\u723e\u6703\u807d\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u8072\u97f3\u6fc0\u767c\u5979\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff09\u3001\u559c\u5287\u6f14\u54e1 Graham Linehan \u548c Jonny Vegas\uff08 \u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u807d\u5230\u6216\u5df2\u7d93\u807d\u5230\u8072\u97f3\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u50cf Lady Gaga \u548c David Bowie \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\uff08\u524d\u8005\u8aaa\u5979\u807d\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u8868\u6f14\u6210\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u8005\u540c\u6a23\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e26\u8868\u6f14\u51fa\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u500b\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6709 \u4ed6\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u60a3\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8aaa\u5929\u624d\u6f14\u54e1\u6210\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u80fd\u529b\uff08Le Carre\u7a31Alec Guinness\u6210\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u201c\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u9676\u9189\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u53d7\u63a7\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7<\/a>\u201d\uff09\uff1b \u6216\u6240\u6709\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8a69\u6b4c\u4f86\u81ea\u8072\u97f3\/\u5b58\u5728\/\u7cbe\u795e\/\u7e46\u65af\u7684\u8a69\u4eba\u548c\u8a5e\u66f2\u4f5c\u8005\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaynes\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u6b98\u9918\u201d\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u6216\u807d\u5230\u4f86\u81ea\u5f7c\u5cb8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5c0d\u8377\u99ac\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u56de\u6b78\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6709\u6642\u6703\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3001\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u548c\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u5011\u666e\u901a\u610f\u8b58\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u9748\u611f\u6216\u5b89\u6170\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u7684\u666e\u901a\u610f\u8b58\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u9032\u5165\u53f3\u534a\u7403\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u904e\u51a5\u60f3\u3001\u604d\u60da\u72c0\u614b\u6216\u72c2\u559c\u6280\u5de7\u4f86\u9032\u5165\u53f3\u534a\u7403\u662f\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\uff08\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6700\u7d42\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u81a8\u8139\u7684\u6216\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u795e\u79d8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u78ba\u5be6\u901a\u904e\u53f3\u534a\u7403\u7372\u5f97\u9748\u611f\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8d77\u6e90\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6216\u795e\u7d93\u5316\u5b78\uff1f \u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5426\u4e0d\u8003\u616e\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u5373\u53f3\u534a\u7403\/\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u662f\u795e\u8056\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u5927\u9580\uff1f \u9019\u4e00\u76f4\u662fJaynes\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u7cbe\u795e\u6279\u8a55\u5bb6\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u5f9eOwen Barfield<\/a>\u5230Philip K. Dick\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5f9e\u795e\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u8a9e\u97f3\u807d\u529b\u7db2\u7d61\u9084\u662f\u5f88\u5438\u5f15\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u5e38\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u5c0d\u795e\u9748\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u807d\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\u5730\u670d\u5f9e\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0d\u50cf\u5b69\u5b50\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u66f4\u50cf\u662fPhilip Pullman<\/a>\u7684\u201dDark Materials\u201d\u4e2dLyra \u8207\u5979\u7684\u5b88\u8b77\u795ePantalaimon\u7684\u53cb\u8abc\u3002 \u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5e78\u798f\u5c31\u662f eudaimonia\uff1a\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u5b88\u8b77\u9032\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u8207\u6b7b\u4e2d\u966a\u4f34\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7e3d\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u610f\u8b58\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6703\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u8db3\u5920\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5927\u8166\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\uff1f \u5118\u7ba1\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e00\u89c0\u9ede\u2014\u2014\u7e7c\u627f\u81ea\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u9032\u5316\u8ad6\u2014\u2014\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u5c11\u5f97\u9a5a\u4eba\u3002Julian Jaynes\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u6311\u6230\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u5148\u5165\u4e4b\u898b\uff0c\u9084\u6311\u6230\u4e86\u795e\u9748\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u4ee5\u53ca\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u6f5b\u529b\u3002 Jaynes\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u89e3\u91cb\u529b\u8feb\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u91cd\u65b0\u8a55\u4f30\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gods, Voices, and the Bicameral Mind”\u901a\u904e\u5c0d Jaynes\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u3001\u64f4\u5c55\u3001\u6f84\u6e05\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8b49\u64da\u3002 \u8a71\u984c\u7bc4\u570d\u5f9e\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u672c\u8cea\uff1b \u8a9e\u97f3\u807d\u529b\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u795e\u7d93\u75c5\u5b78\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\uff1b \u611f\u77e5\u5b58\u5728\u4e26\u60f3\u50cf\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u70ba\u56e0\u7d20\/\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d\uff1b \u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u548c\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff1b \u50ac\u7720\u3001\u5922\u5883\u3001\u201c\u9748\u9b42\u9644\u9ad4\u201d\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u672c\u8cea<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u66f8\u65e2\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86Jaynes\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e5f\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u5982\u53e4\u4ee3\u9ed1\u6697\u6642\u4ee3\u3001\u5922\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u548c\u5e0c\u81d8\u60b2\u5287\u7684\u8a95\u751f\u3001\u8a69\u610f\u7684\u9748\u611f\u3001\u5e7b\u807d\uff0f\u8a9e\u97f3\u807d\u529b\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u610f\u7fa9 \uff08\u53e4\u4ee3\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\uff09\uff0c\u5152\u7ae5\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u65e9\u671f\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u904e\u6e21\uff0c\u610f\u8b58\u8207\u96b1\u55bb\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caJaynes\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u76f8\u6bd4\u5982\u4f55\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u591a\u4e45\uff1f \u610f\u8b58\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f \u4e0a\u5e1d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u807d\u5230\u6307\u63ee\u4ed6\u5011\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff1f \u9019\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6Julian Jaynes \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u548c\u722d\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u6709\u8da3\u554f\u984c\u3002 Julian Jaynes\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u958b\u59cb\u5927\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u7570\u5e38\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u7c89\u7d72\u540d\u55ae\u2014\u2014Daniel Dennett \u53d7\u5230\u5176\u610f\u8b58\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c David Bowie\u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u9078\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684 100 \u672c\u66f8\u5fc5\u8b80\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c Terence McKenna \u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u66f8\u6700\u5177\u6311\u91c1\u6027\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u800cPhilip K Dick\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u3002 Richard Dawkins\u5728\u201dThe God Delusion\u201d \u4e2d\u66f4\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u8a55\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u8981\u9ebd\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u5783\u573e\uff0c\u8981\u9ebd\u662f\u7d55\u9802\u5929\u624d\u7684\u66f8\u201d\u3002 Jaynes\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u610f\u8b58\uff08Jaynes\u5c07\u5176\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5167\u7701\uff09\u5927\u7d04\u5728 3000 \u5e74\u524d\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\u3002 \u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u8033\u805e\u76ee\u7779\uff0c\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u795e\u660e\u7684\u5429\u5490\uff0c\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\u5730\u670d\u5f9e\u3002 \u4eba\u6703\u807d\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5167\u5728\u8072\u97f3\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u81ea\u5927\u8166\u7684\u53f3\u534a\u7403\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667abicameral mind\u201d\uff0c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u8a72\u5047\u8a2d\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u66fe\u7d93\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a8d\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u88ab\u5272\u88c2\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5283\u5206\u5728\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7528\u65bc\u201c\u8aac\u8a71\u201d\u7684\u8166\u5340\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5247\u5283\u5206\u5728\u7528\u65bc\u201c\u8046\u807d\u201d\u548c\u201c\u670d\u5f9e\u201d\u7684\u8166\u5340\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u201d\u3002 Jaynes\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5728\u8377\u99ac\u53f2\u8a69”Iliad”\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002 \u8377\u99ac\u7b46\u4e0b\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u6c92\u6709\u5167\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u53cd\u7701\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u773e\u795e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u5011\u8a72\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u7167\u505a\u4e86\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u73fe\u4ee3\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u9ad8\u8cb4\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u201d\u3002 \u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u667a\u4eba\u800c\u662f\u201c\u4e8c\u5206\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u3002 Jaynes\u7684\u9a5a\u4eba\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u6574\u500b\u6587\u660e\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5167\u7701\u6216\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u6bad\u5c4d\u6587\u660e\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u5438\u5f15\u4e86Daniel Dennett\u548cPhilip K. 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