{"id":8694,"date":"2023-01-31T02:51:57","date_gmt":"2023-01-31T02:51:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8694"},"modified":"2023-01-31T03:01:21","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T03:01:21","slug":"the-ego-tunnel-the-science-of-the-mind-and-the-myth-of-the-self","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/01\/31\/the-ego-tunnel-the-science-of-the-mind-and-the-myth-of-the-self\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the Self"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u81ea\u6211\uff1f\u4e00\u500b\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u96d5\u7422\u7684\u947d\u77f3\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\uff0c\u9019\u9846\u7368\u4e00\u7121\u4e8c\u3001\u6c38\u6046\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3001\u5805\u4e0d\u53ef\u6467\u7684\u5bf6\u77f3\u8b93\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u8b8a\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5728\u8b8a\u5316\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3002Kant \u7a31\u5b83\u70ba\u5148\u9a57\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u5b83\u7ad9\u5728\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u80cc\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002 \u4f5b\u9640\u3001Heraclitus\u3001John Locke\u3001David Hume \u548c William James \u8d0a\u540c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5011\u7fd2\u6163\u65bc\u5c07\u81ea\u6211\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u64c1\u6709\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u6211\u96a7\u9053\u4e2d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Thomas Metzinger \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u662f\u7531\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5927\u8166\u5275\u5efa\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5167\u5bb9 \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u7a2e\u5167\u90e8\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u5c07\u5176\u9ad4\u9a57\u70ba\u5716\u50cf\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f \u201c\u865b\u64ec\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u81ea\u6211\u201d \u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u6211\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u201d \uff0c\u5b83\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u9032\u5316\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u5316\u7684\uff1f\u5927\u8166\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u69cb\u9020\u5b83\u7684\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u9084\u6709\u9748\u9b42\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u55ce\uff1f\u5728\u8a8d\u77e5\u79d1\u5b78\u8b8a\u5f97\u50cf\u9032\u5316\u8ad6\u4e00\u6a23\u5145\u6eff\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u96a7\u9053\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u5606\u7684\u539f\u5275\u601d\u7dad\u5967\u79d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 \u201dThe Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the Self<\/a>\u201d \u4e2d\uff0cThomas Metzinger \u70ba\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u610f\u8b58\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u539f\u5275\u4e14\u898b\u591a\u8b58\u5ee3\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\u3002\u8207\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cMetzinger \u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e0d\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u5c08\u696d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6216\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u516c\u773e\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6700\u7368\u7279\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u662f Metzinger \u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u610f\u8b58\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bcc\u6709\u9060\u898b\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u66f4\u65b0\u901a\u5e38\u8207 Churchlands \u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0cMetzinger \u8aaa\u9019\u9805\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c07\u8ce6\u4e88\u6211\u5011\u65b0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u64cd\u7e31\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6700\u597d\u505a\u597d\u6e96\u5099\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96d6\u7136\u672c\u66f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c0d\u7570\u985e\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u9867\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u7533\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u7684\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3002Metzinger \u5f88\u6709\u7528\u5730\u570d\u7e5e\u516d\u500b \u201c\u554f\u984c\u201d \u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u201c\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u554f\u984c The One-World-Problem\u201d\uff1a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u610f\u8b58\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u5404\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u201c\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u554f\u984c The Now Problem\u201d \u7d93\u9a57\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u7684\u201c\u4f3c\u662f\u800c\u975e\u7684\u73fe\u5728\u201d\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.\u201c\u73fe\u5be6\u554f\u984c The Reality Problem\u201d\uff1a\u7576\u79d1\u5b78\u4f3c\u4e4e\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u9019\u4e9b\u9ad4\u9a57\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u6642\u9593\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\u4e0a\u64f4\u5c55\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u7522\u7269\u6642\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u8a8d\u70ba\u9ad4\u9a57\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89f8\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u55bb\u6027\u554f\u984c The Ineffability Problem\u201d\uff1a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.\u201c\u9032\u5316\u554f\u984c The Evolution problem\u201d\uff1a\u610f\u8b58\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u201c\u8ab0\u7684\u554f\u984c The Who Problem\u201d\uff1a\u64c1\u6709\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u50cf\u5c55\u89bd\u4e00\u6a23\u5c55\u958b\uff1bMetzinger \u63ed\u7a7f\u610f\u8b58\u9ad4\u9a57\u662f\u9b54\u8853\u5927\u5e2b\u5927\u8166\u7684\u6700\u5927\u628a\u6232\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u73fe\u5be6\u7684 \u201c\u76f4\u63a5 direct\u201d \u548c \u201c\u7d71\u4e00 unified\u201d \u611f\u77e5\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u7531\u540c\u6b65\u795e\u7d93\u653e\u96fb\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u63a8\u7406\u904e\u7a0b\uff1b \u201c\u4f3c\u662f\u800c\u975e\u7684\u79ae\u7269 specious present\u201d\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u6a5f\u5236\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u9650\u5236\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u6027\u526f\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u7d93\u6a5f\u5236\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u9032\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b \u201c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u81ea\u6211simple self\u201d\u901a\u904e\u5404\u7a2e\u932f\u89ba\u548c\u5931\u8a8d\u75c7\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u79d1\u5854\u723e\u7684\u932f\u89ba<\/a>Cotard\u2019s delusion<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u932f\u89ba\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u6703\u9ad4\u9a57\u5230\u8eab\u9ad4\u81ea\u6211\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u55aa\u5931\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u5df2\u7d93\u6b7b\u4e86\u6216\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff09 \u7531\u5404\u7a2e\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u4e9e\u500b\u4eba\u904e\u7a0b\u7d44\u6210\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u601d\u8def\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u53d6\u6d88\u4e3b\u7fa9 eliminativism \u8ad6\u9ede\u4e2d\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u9802\u5cf0\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u5011\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u201d\u662f\u865b\u5047\u7684\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u50cf\u81ea\u6211\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6771\u897f\u201d\uff08p 8 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u500b\u53d6\u6d88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u6709\u4e9b\u6d6e\u8a87\uff0c\u4f46\u201cquining<\/a>\u201d\u9019\u500b\u5728\u6c11\u9593\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u8d77\u8457\u5982\u6b64\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u8207\u201c\u611f\u53d7\u6027\u201d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u8853\u8a9e\u76f8\u5c0d\u2014\u2014Dennett D.: \u201cConsciousness in contemporary science<\/a>\u201d P 42-77, OUP 1992\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u8207 Metzinger \u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6211\u64d4\u5fc3\u8aaa \u201c\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6771\u897f\u201d \u548c \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\u201d \u4e4b\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5340\u5225\u3002Metzinger \u901a\u904e\u8a34\u8af8\u65bc\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u7684\u53d6\u6d88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6a61\u76ae\u624b\u932f\u89ba\u7b49\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u932f\u89ba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u771f\u624b\u88ab\u906e\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u96bb\u6a61\u81a0\u624b\u653e\u5728\u5b83\u65c1\u908a\u7684\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u7528\u63a2\u91dd\u540c\u6642\u64ab\u6478\u771f\u624b\u548c\u6a61\u81a0\u624b\uff1b\u6700\u7d42\uff0c\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u6a61\u81a0\u624b\u7576\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u624b\u4f86\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u611f\u89ba\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u689d\u201c\u5e7b\u81c2\u201d\u901a\u5411\u9019\u96bb\u624b\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5be6\u9a57\u53ea\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u6697\u793a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5927\u8166\u6709\u6642\u6703\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6b6a\u66f2\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u59cb\u7d42\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e7b\u89ba\u3002 \u53d6\u6d88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8ad6\u9ede\u5fc5\u9808\u5f97\u5230\u95dc\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u6c11\u9593\u6982\u5ff5\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7684\u5f37\u6709\u529b\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0cMetzinger \u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002 \u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83 \u201c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u9593\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u8b8a\u201d \u4e26\u4e14 \u201c\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5206\u5272\u6210\u591a\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u201d\uff08p 208 \uff09\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u50cf\u81ea\u6211\u9019\u6a23\u91cd\u8981\u548c\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u63d0\u8b70\u5f88\u5c11\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7368\u7279\u76ee\u6a19\u548c\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u9ede\u548c\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4ee5\u7368\u7279\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u8996\u89d2\u770b\u5f85\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\uff08\u6709\u95dc\u6709\u555f\u767c\u6027\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u95b1 William Ramsey, Stephen Stich & Joseph Garan: \u201cPhilosophy of Psychology Contemporary Readings<\/a>\u201d p263. RKP 2006\u8207 Stich & Laurence: \u201cCollected Papers: Mind and Language,<\/a> 1972-2010, Volume 1\u201d p 191, OUP 2011. \u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u65bc\u610f\u5411\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u53d6\u6d88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u9006\u8f49\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u80cc\u96e2\u95dc\u65bc\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u53d6\u6d88\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u559c\u6b61\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u7684 \u201c\u90e8\u5206\u932f\u8aa4\u7406\u8ad6 partial error theory\u201d\uff0c\u8a72\u7406\u8ad6\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6216\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u8aa4\u5c0e\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Derk Pereboom: \u201cConsciousness and the Prospects of Physicalism<\/a>\u201d 2011 OUP \uff09\u3002 Metzinger \u5728\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u78ba\u5be6\u8003\u616e\u4e86\u66f4\u6eab\u548c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4ed6\u5efa\u8b70\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u8aaa\u81ea\u6211\u662f\u5927\u8166\u4e2d\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u2026\u2026[\u6216]\u6574\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u2026\u2026\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a31\u70ba\u2018\u81ea\u6211\u2019 say that the self is a widely distributed process in the brain\u2026[or that] the system as a whole\u2026can be called a \u2018self\u201d\uff08p 208 ). \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u62d2\u7d55\u9019\u4e9b\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011 \u201c\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u8a8d\u771f\u5730\u5c0d\u5f85\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u201d\u3002 \u4f46\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u662f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5b78\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u3002\u6216\u8a31 Metzinger \u5047\u8a2d\u4ed6\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5b78\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5fc5\u9808\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u64c1\u6709\u67d0\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\u5c0d\u7d66\u5b9a\u6982\u5ff5\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u91cd\u8981\uff09\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u6703\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u5b50\u3002 \u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u5b58\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\uff1bMetzinger\u672c\u4eba\u5df2\u7d93\u627f\u8a8d\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u4f5c\u70ba\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u6307\u5357\u7684\u666e\u904d\u932f\u8aa4\u6027\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u5047\u8a2d\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u4e5f\u662f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5b78\u7684\u6613\u932f\u6307\u5357\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u554f\u984c\uff0cMetzinger\u5c0d\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u3002Metzinger \u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u4f5c\u70ba\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u548c\u5fa9\u8208\u3002 Metzinger \u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u8207 Husserl \u6700\u521d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u7a2e\u8207 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u7a31\u201d \u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u76f4\u63a5\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u3002 \u5c0d Metzinger \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5831\u544a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u984d\u5916\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5728\u610f\u8b58\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6578\u64da\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u9019\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u7a31\u8abf\u67e5\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u4e0d\u662f\u95e1\u660e\u5982\u679c\u9019\u4e9b\u5831\u544a\u5b8c\u5168\u6e96\u78ba\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5fc5\u9808\u5982\u4f55\u69cb\u5efa\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u5728\u8003\u616e\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u795e\u7d93\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u88ab\u8a98\u60d1\u505a\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\uff08\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\uff09\u5831\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metzinger \u66f8\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u5831\u544a\u4e86\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5192\u96aa\u4e2d\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u201cphilosophical psychonautics\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u8a98\u767c\u66f4\u5947\u7279\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5982\u9748\u9b42\u51fa\u7ac5 out of body experiences (OBE) \u548c\u6e05\u9192\u5922\u3002 \u4ed6\u5728\u4ed6\u5e74\u8f15\u6642\u7684\u5922\u60f3\u65e5\u8a18\u4e2d\u6458\u9304\u4e86\u5e7e\u6bb5\u6458\u9304\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u8a66\u5716\u5f9e\u5e7e\u500b OBE \u90a3\u88e1\u7372\u5f97\u53ef\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u7d50\u679c\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u201c\u6211\u8a66\u5716\u8d70\u5411\u6253\u958b\u7684\u7a97\u6236\uff0c\u537b\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u5e73\u7a69\u5730\u6ed1\u884c\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u77ac\u9593\u5230\u9054\u3002 \u6211\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ffc\u7ffc\u5730\u64ab\u6478\u8457\u6728\u6846\uff0c\u7528\u624b\u64ab\u6478\u8457\u5b83\u3002 \u89f8\u89ba\u6e05\u6670\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u76f8\u5c0d\u6eab\u6696\u6216\u5bd2\u51b7\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u3002 \u6211\u8df3\u51fa\u7a97\u6236\uff0c\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff08p 88 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6 OBE \u9ad4\u9a57\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u6545\u969c\u5927\u8166\u5c0d\u5fc3\u667a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u505c\u6b62\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a34\u8af8\u9748\u9b42\u6216\u661f\u9ad4\u6295\u5c04\u3002 Metzinger \u751a\u81f3\u5411\u4ed6\u66f4\u52c7\u6562\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u95dc\u65bc\u81ea\u6211\u8a98\u5c0e OBE \u548c\u6e05\u9192\u5922\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u2014\u2014\u5118\u7ba1\u8b66\u544a\u4e0d\u8981\u91cd\u8907\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u201c\u7121\u60c5\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5be6\u9a57 pitiless self-experiments\u201d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7761\u524d\u5728\u5eda\u623f\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u4e00\u676f\u6c34\u6642\u6545\u610f\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u812b\u6c34\uff0c\u6216\u8005 \u5728\u624b\u8853\u671f\u9593\u8981\u6c42\u9ebb\u9189\u5291\u6c2f\u80fa\u916e\uff08\u8207 OBE \u76f8\u95dc\uff09\uff08 p 84 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metzinger \u7576\u7136\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u8efc\u4e8b\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u56b4\u8085\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u898b\u89e3\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u5f97\u5230\u56b4\u683c\u3001\u53d7\u63a7\u7684\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5efa\u8b70\u5be6\u9a57\u54f2\u5b78\u5728\u65b0\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u8abf\u67e5\u8de8\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u4e26\u8a66\u5716\u78ba\u5b9a\u9019\u4e9b\u5831\u544a\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5145\u6eff\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u7531\u555f\u52d5\u6216\u6846\u67b6\u6548\u61c9\u7522\u751f\u7684\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u89e3\u91cb\u6070\u597d\u662f\u5be6\u73fe\u6885\u9752\u683c\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u9ede\u71c3\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u696d\u9918\u548c\u5c08\u696d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u8eab\u610f\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u597d\u5947\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u547c\u7c72 \u201c\u795e\u7d93\u502b\u7406\u5b78 neuroethics\u201d \u9818\u57df\u7684\u52a0\u500d\u767c\u5c55\u3002Metzinger \u8aaa\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u79d1\u5b78\u5c07\u5e36\u4f86\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u9ad4\u4e2d\u96a8\u610f\u8a98\u767c\u5404\u7a2e\u719f\u6089\u548c\u5947\u7570\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u80fd\u5275\u9020\u51fa \u201c\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u201d \u2014\u2014Metzinger \u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u5b8c\u5584\u4eba\u5de5\u610f\u8b58\u6240\u9700\u7684\u53cd\u8907\u8a66\u9a57\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u627f\u53d7\u5927\u91cf\u75db\u82e6\u3002 \u4ed6\u9084\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u65b0\u8208\u7684 \u201c\u8868\u578b\u6280\u8853 phenotechnology\u201d \u9818\u57df\u5e7e\u4e4e\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u7a2e\u85e5\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u4fee\u5fa9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u201c\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u8c61\u72c0\u614b\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u6df1\u4e0d\u53ef\u6e2c\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u201d\uff08 p 217 \uff09\u3002\u6700\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u6109\u6085\u611f\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u5e73\u975c\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u9813\u609f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u7834\u788e\u6216 \u201c\u7121\u79c1 self-less\u201d \u7684\u975e\u51e1\u9ad4\u9a57\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6703\u6309\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u6c7a\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u610f\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\u5728\u502b\u7406\u4e0a\u662f\u597d\u7684\u3001\u58de\u7684\u6216\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u2014\u2014\u54ea\u4e9b\u61c9\u8a72\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u5141\u8a31\u6216\u7981\u6b62\uff1f Metzinger \u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4ee4\u4eba\u773c\u82b1\u7e5a\u4e82\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u548c\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u627f\u8a8d\u4ed6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u958b\u59cb\u56de\u7b54\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u5011\u4e0d\u7981\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5f88\u7dca\u8feb\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u505a\u51fa\u660e\u667a\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e09\u7ae0\u4ee5 Metzinger \u8207\u4e00\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u795e\u7d93\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8a2a\u8ac7\u8a18\u9304\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d50\u5c3e\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u8a2a\u8ac7\u5305\u62ec\u8207 Wolf Singer \u8a0e\u8ad6\u7279\u5fb5\u7d81\u5b9a\u8207\u610f\u8b58\u7d71\u4e00\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u8207 Allan Hobson \u8a0e\u8ad6\u5728\u5922\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u610f\u8b58\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207 Vittorio Gallese \u8a0e\u8ad6\u93e1\u50cf\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u5728\u4e3b\u9ad4\u9593\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5f9e\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5c0d\u8a71\u6709\u6642\u662f\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c0d\u610f\u8b58\u795e\u7d93\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u5176\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5bf6\u8cb4\u4e00\u77a5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u8cc7\u6df1\u4eba\u58eb\u4e5f\u6703\u6b23\u8cde\u9019\u4e00\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7e3d\u7684\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u610f\u8b58\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u5927\u8166\u3001\u81ea\u6211\uff1aMetzinger\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u9019\u56db\u500b\u5be6\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6771\u897f\u201d\u3002 \u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u904e\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u6563\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cMetzinger\u5c07\u81ea\u6211\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u73fe\u8c61\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u5b83\u6839\u64da\u7d93\u9a57\u4e86\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83 \u201c\u4e3b\u89c0\u5730\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4f60\u9762\u524d\u201d\u3002 \u4f46\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u5df2\u7d93\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u9664\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\uff0c\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e3b\u89c0\u8868\u73fe\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u88ab\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u4eba\u9020\u624b\u81c2\u6240\u6b3a\u9a19\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u7522\u751f\u611f\u89ba\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u500b \u201c\u96a7\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u947d\u5165\u73fe\u5be6\u4e26\u9650\u5236\u4f60\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u3001\u807d\u5230\u3001\u805e\u5230\u548c\u611f\u89ba\u5230\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002Metzinger \u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u610f\u8b58\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9748\u9b42\u51fa\u7ac5\u9ad4\u9a57\u3001\u6e05\u9192\u5922\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\uff09\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u63a2\u7a76\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u5b50\u4f86\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002 \u5927\u591a\u6578\u8b80\u8005\u5f88\u96e3\u7406\u89e3 Metzinger \u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4eba\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u65b0\u610f\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u91dd\u5c0d\u5927\u773e\u8b80\u8005\u9032\u884c\u7684\u9f13\u821e\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u9069\u5408\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ecb\u7d39\u5fc3\u9748\u54f2\u5b78\u6216\u8a8d\u77e5\u79d1\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff08\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u9084\u662f\u696d\u9918\u7684\uff09\u7684\u7761\u524d\u8b80\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u81ea\u6211\uff1f\u4e00\u500b\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u96d5\u7422\u7684\u947d\u77f3\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\uff0c\u9019\u9846\u7368\u4e00\u7121\u4e8c\u3001\u6c38\u6046\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3001\u5805\u4e0d\u53ef\u6467\u7684\u5bf6\u77f3\u8b93\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u8b8a\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5728\u8b8a\u5316\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3002Kant \u7a31\u5b83\u70ba\u5148\u9a57\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u5b83\u7ad9\u5728\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u80cc\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002 \u4f5b\u9640\u3001Heraclitus\u3001John Locke\u3001David Hume \u548c William James \u8d0a\u540c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u7fd2\u6163\u65bc\u5c07\u81ea\u6211\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u64c1\u6709\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u6211\u96a7\u9053\u4e2d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Thomas Metzinger \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u662f\u7531\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5927\u8166\u5275\u5efa\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5167\u5bb9 \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u7a2e\u5167\u90e8\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u5c07\u5176\u9ad4\u9a57\u70ba\u5716\u50cf\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f \u201c\u865b\u64ec\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u81ea\u6211\u201d \u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u6211\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u201d \uff0c\u5b83\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u9032\u5316\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u5316\u7684\uff1f\u5927\u8166\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u69cb\u9020\u5b83\u7684\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u9084\u6709\u9748\u9b42\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u55ce\uff1f\u5728\u8a8d\u77e5\u79d1\u5b78\u8b8a\u5f97\u50cf\u9032\u5316\u8ad6\u4e00\u6a23\u5145\u6eff\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u96a7\u9053\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u5606\u7684\u539f\u5275\u601d\u7dad\u5967\u79d8\u3002 \u5728 \u201dThe Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the Self\u201d \u4e2d\uff0cThomas Metzinger \u70ba\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u610f\u8b58\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u539f\u5275\u4e14\u898b\u591a\u8b58\u5ee3\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\u3002\u8207\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cMetzinger \u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e0d\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u5c08\u696d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6216\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u516c\u773e\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6700\u7368\u7279\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u662f Metzinger … Continue reading 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