{"id":8738,"date":"2023-02-15T02:04:27","date_gmt":"2023-02-15T02:04:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8738"},"modified":"2023-02-15T02:17:11","modified_gmt":"2023-02-15T02:17:11","slug":"creation-how-science-is-reinventing-life-itself","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/02\/15\/creation-how-science-is-reinventing-life-itself\/","title":{"rendered":"Creation: How Science Is Reinventing Life Itself"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> \u6211\u5011\u63a2\u8a0e\u4eba\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6642\uff0c\u4f55\u59a8\u56de\u904e\u4f86\u5f9e\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u770b\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u60f3\u60f3\uff1a\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u751f\u547d\u524d\u666f\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\uff1f \u9019\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u5169\u500b\u6700\u5927\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u63a8\u52d5 Adam Rutherford \u66f8\u5beb \u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/smile.amazon.com\/Creation-Science-Reinventing-Life-Itself-ebook\/dp\/B00AVA4N3O\/ref=tmm_kin_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&amp;qid=1676425284&amp;sr=8-1\">Creation: How Science Is Reinventing Life Itself<\/a>\u201c \u4e00\u66f8\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u4e14\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u56de\u9867\u4e86\u6d3b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u672a\u4f86\u3002 \u901a\u904e\u8de8\u8d8a\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6b77\u53f2\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u6280\u8853\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u5b78\u76e3\u7ba1\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff0cRutherford \u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u53ef\u80fd\u66fe\u7d93\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8d85\u8d8a\u9032\u5316\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u4e26\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u7269\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u5728\u725b\u5976\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u8718\u86db\u7d72\u7684\u5c71\u7f8a\u5230\u5206\u6ccc\u67f4\u6cb9\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u6467\u6bc0\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8ff4\u8def\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5275\u9020\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u5f88\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u6b63\u5728\u5e6b\u52a9\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u7dca\u8feb\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u7ce7\u98df\u77ed\u7f3a\u5230\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u518d\u5230\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u2014\u2014\u4e26\u70ba\u66fe\u7d93\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u767c\u660e\u92ea\u5e73\u9053\u8def\u79d1\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9032\u5c55\u6b63\u5728\u63ed\u958b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8b0e\u5718\u2014\u2014\u751f\u547d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u958b\u59cb\u7684\uff1f \u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u90fd\u4f86\u81ea\u4e00\u500b\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5728 40 \u5104\u5e74\u524d\u8a95\u751f\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u6211\u5011\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u4e86\u89e3\u9023\u63a5\u6240\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u7d42\u80fd\u5920\u5be6\u73fe\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5275\u4e16\u7d00\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5275\u9020\u65b0\u751f\u547d\u3002\u5275\u9020\u5e36\u6211\u5011\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86 40 \u5104\u5e74\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5230\u5851\u9020\u5730\u7403\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u751f\u7269\u767c\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u5f8c\u4ee3\u9019\u5169\u500b\u96e3\u984c\u5728\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u7dca\u5bc6\u76f8\u9023\u3002 \u5728\u50cf <a href=\"https:\/\/embryo.asu.edu\/pages\/jacques-loeb-1859-1924\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jacques Loeb <\/a>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u8a66\u5716\u901a\u904e\u64cd\u7e31\u6d77\u81bd\u5375\u4f86\u5275\u9020\u201c\u4eba\u9020\u751f\u547d\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7528\u65bc\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5de5\u5177\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u52d2\u5e03\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff1a\u201c\u53ea\u8981\u901a\u904e\u7269\u7406\u6216\u5316\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u660e\u78ba\u63a7\u88fd\u6216\u7528\u975e\u751f\u547d\u6750\u6599\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7d30\u7bc0\u4e0a\u91cd\u8907\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u55ae\u4e00\u751f\u547d\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91cb\u6027\u7684\u8b49\u64da \u201d \u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e2d\u96a8\u8655\u53ef\u898b\uff0c Richard Feynman \u7684\u540d\u8a00\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u7121\u6cd5\u5275\u9020\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u96d6\u7136 Rutherford \u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u201cThe Future of Life\u201d\u958b\u982d\u5f15\u7528\u4e86Feynman\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f46\u8a72\u66f8\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u6309\u7167\u9019\u4e9b\u601d\u8def\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u5c07\u9019\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u7d71\u4e00\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e00\u4f4d\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u8a55\u8ad6\u8aaa\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/2013\/apr\/06\/creation-origin-life-rutherford-review\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201c\u4ee4\u4eba\u5931\u671b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a DNA \u672c\u8eab&#8230;&#8230; \u9019\u5169\u500b\u5275\u9020\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u5171\u540c\u9ede\uff0c\u201d<\/a>\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u5011\u6709\u8457\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5f9e\u91cd\u5efa\u65e9\u671f\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b78\u689d\u4ef6\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/nature.berkeley.edu\/garbelottoat\/?p=582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Miller-Urey<\/a>&nbsp;\u5be6\u9a57\u5230 <a href=\"https:\/\/molbio.mgh.harvard.edu\/szostakweb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Szostak<\/a>&nbsp;\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u4eba\u9020\u6838\u9176\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u904e\u5275\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u985e\u751f\u547d\u4e8b\u7269\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5617\u8a66\uff0c Jacques Loeb \u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u548c\u5275\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u65bc\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u5802\u5144\u5f1f\u3002 \u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5171\u540c\u9ede\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/geneonline.news\/synthetic-biology-overview1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/about-genomics\/policy-issues\/Synthetic-Biology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">synthetic biology<\/a>\u201d \u9019\u500b\u540d\u7a31\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Rutherford \u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u65e9\u671f\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff1a\u201c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u7cbe\u78ba\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e38\u5e38\u6beb\u7121\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u201d \u901a\u904e\u9078\u64c7\u5f37\u8abf\u4e00\u500b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u978f\u56fa\u5c07\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u6cbf\u8457\u8a31\u591a\u76f8\u4e92\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u8ef8\u5206\u958b\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002 \u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u6b67\u672c\u8eab\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u901a\u904e\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u5be6\u8e10\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u904e\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u5143\u79d1\u5b78\u6558\u8ff0\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u904e\u53bb\u548c\u60f3\u50cf\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5275\u9020\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u6839\u64da\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5275\u9020\u662f\u5426\u5074\u91cd\u65bc\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u8207\u672a\u4f86\u4f86\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5340\u5225\u9084\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u5f37\u8abf\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\uff08\u5f9e\u5316\u5b78\u5230\u7d30\u80de- \u50cf\u7cfb\u7d71\uff09\u8207\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b bottom up\u201d\uff08\u5f9e\u6d3b\u7d30\u80de\u5230\u91cd\u65b0\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff09\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002 \u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6280\u8853\u4e4b\u9593\u5283\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u662f\u591a\u9ebc\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e2d\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c07\u88fd\u4f5c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u77e5\u8b58\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u90fd\u6709\u6280\u8853\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u88fd\u4f5c\u624d\u5728\u5de5\u696d\u6709\u7528\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u9032\u884c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5f9e\u751f\u7269\u71c3\u6599\u548c\u85e5\u7269\u5230\u8718\u86db\u7d72\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u96fb\u8166\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <br>\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8a2d\u8a08\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u53ef\u80fd\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u201c\u5275\u9020\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u201d\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u8a2d\u8a08\u201d\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201c\u5275\u9020\u201d\u672c\u8eab . \u5728\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bruno-latour.fr\/node\/69\">A Cautious Prometheus? A Few Steps Toward a Philosophy of Design<\/a>\u201d\u4e2d\uff0cBruno Latour \u8a8d\u70ba\u8a2d\u8a08\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u5275\u9020\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u8a2d\u8a08\u201d\u2026\u2026\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f9e\u982d\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff1a\u8a2d\u8a08\u7e3d\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002 \u7e3d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u9996\u5148\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d66\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u554f\u984c\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u8a2d\u8a08\u662f\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u66f4\u751f\u52d5\u3001\u66f4\u5546\u696d\u3001\u66f4\u53ef\u7528\u3001\u5c0d\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u3001\u66f4\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u3001\u66f4\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5177\u9ad4\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u9805\u76ee\u5fc5\u9808\u61c9\u5c0d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u9650\u5236\u2026\u2026\u70ba\u4e86\u8a2d\u8a08\u6c7a\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u7121\u5230\u6709\u3002 \u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5275\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u4f7f\u7528 \u201c\u667a\u80fd\u8a2d\u8a08 intelligent design\u201d \u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u4f86\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u4ee3\u66ff \u201c\u9020\u7269\u4e3b\u4e0a\u5e1d God the Creator\u201d\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u5275\u9020\u548c\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u9d3b\u6e9d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0cRutherford \u7d93\u5e38\u6389\u5165\u9019\u500b\u6df1\u6df5\u2014\u2014\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u7cbe\u795e\u201c\u8a2d\u8a08\u201d\u7684\u5021\u5c0e\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u5728\u6a19\u984c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u6b64\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5145\u65a5\u8457\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u5171\u8b58\u548c\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u5728\u8ad6\u8b49\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u6559\u689d dogma\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6b63\u7d71 orthodoxy\u201d\u3001\u201c\u9032\u6b65 progress\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f81\u670d conquest\u201d \u7b49\u8a5e\uff0c\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8a5e\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u5206\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6559\u662f\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba Rutherford \u5728\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7279\u6709\u7684\u53e3\u624d\u3001\u71b1\u60c5\u548c\u6a02\u89c0\u8a0e\u8ad6\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u6642\u8655\u65bc\u6700\u4f73\u72c0\u614b\u3002 \u9019\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u6587\u5316\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u3002 \u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\uff0c\u9060\u9060\u8d85\u904e\u4efb\u4f55\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5\u5176\u6240\u6709\u6fc0\u52d5\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u201c\u6829\u6829\u5982\u751f\u201d\u3002 \u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u6642\uff0cRutherford \u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u5011\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u65e9\u671f\u5730\u7403\u7684\u78ba\u5207\u7d44\u6210\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u751f\u547d\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u78ba\u5207\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e7e\u4e4e\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5118\u7ba1\u201c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae \u751f\u547d\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c[\u6c92\u6709]\u660e\u78ba\u3001\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002\u201d \u9451\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u7684\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7576\u4eca\u6b63\u5728\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u5e7e\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u65bc\u901a\u904e\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u5275\u9020\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4ee4\u4eba\u8208\u596e\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\uff0c\u201c\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u5b55\u80b2\u8457\u4e0d\u53ef\u6e2c\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u9084\u539f\u8ad6\u7cbe\u795e\u66f4\u96e3\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u201d \u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u7269\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u548c\u751f\u547d\u7684\u518d\u8a2d\u8a08\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u70ba\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u5275\u9020\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u6280\u8853\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\u3002 \u6b63\u5982 Rutherford \u6240\u5beb\uff0c\u201c\u79d1\u5b78\u4f5c\u70ba\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u8207\u6587\u5316\u4e26\u7121\u5340\u5225\u2026\u2026\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6280\u8853\u4e0d\u50c5\u9762\u81e8\u79d1\u5b78\u6216\u5be6\u8e10\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9762\u81e8\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u5e36\u5165\u793e\u6703\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3002\u201d \u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u8853\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5c07\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u793e\u6703\u4e92\u52d5\uff1f \u8a2d\u8a08\u672c\u8eab\u5c07\u5d4c\u5165\u751a\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u793e\u6703\u548c\u6587\u5316\u50f9\u503c\uff1f \u751a\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5c07\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u5275\u9020\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u548c\u6280\u8853\u4e2d\uff1f \u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5c07 &#8220;Creation&#8221; \u7684\u5169\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u5404\u7a2e\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u95b1\u8b80\u548c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6211\u5011\u63a2\u8a0e\u4eba\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6642\uff0c\u4f55\u59a8\u56de\u904e\u4f86\u5f9e\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u770b\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u60f3\u60f3\uff1a\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u751f\u547d\u524d\u666f\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\uff1f \u9019\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u5169\u500b\u6700\u5927\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u63a8\u52d5 Adam Rutherford \u66f8\u5beb \u201d Creation: How Science Is Reinventing Life Itself\u201c \u4e00\u66f8\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u4e14\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u56de\u9867\u4e86\u6d3b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u672a\u4f86\u3002 \u901a\u904e\u8de8\u8d8a\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6b77\u53f2\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u6280\u8853\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u5b78\u76e3\u7ba1\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff0cRutherford \u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u53ef\u80fd\u66fe\u7d93\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8d85\u8d8a\u9032\u5316\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u4e26\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u7269\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u5728\u725b\u5976\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u8718\u86db\u7d72\u7684\u5c71\u7f8a\u5230\u5206\u6ccc\u67f4\u6cb9\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u6467\u6bc0\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8ff4\u8def\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5275\u9020\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u5f88\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u6b63\u5728\u5e6b\u52a9\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u7dca\u8feb\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u7ce7\u98df\u77ed\u7f3a\u5230\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u518d\u5230\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u2014\u2014\u4e26\u70ba\u66fe\u7d93\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u767c\u660e\u92ea\u5e73\u9053\u8def\u79d1\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9032\u5c55\u6b63\u5728\u63ed\u958b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8b0e\u5718\u2014\u2014\u751f\u547d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u958b\u59cb\u7684\uff1f \u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u90fd\u4f86\u81ea\u4e00\u500b\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5728 40 \u5104\u5e74\u524d\u8a95\u751f\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u6211\u5011\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u4e86\u89e3\u9023\u63a5\u6240\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u7d42\u80fd\u5920\u5be6\u73fe\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5275\u4e16\u7d00\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5275\u9020\u65b0\u751f\u547d\u3002\u5275\u9020\u5e36\u6211\u5011\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86 40 \u5104\u5e74\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5230\u5851\u9020\u5730\u7403\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u751f\u7269\u767c\u660e\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u5f8c\u4ee3\u9019\u5169\u500b\u96e3\u984c\u5728\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u7dca\u5bc6\u76f8\u9023\u3002 \u5728\u50cf Jacques Loeb \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u8a66\u5716\u901a\u904e\u64cd\u7e31\u6d77\u81bd\u5375\u4f86\u5275\u9020\u201c\u4eba\u9020\u751f\u547d\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7528\u65bc\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5de5\u5177\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u52d2\u5e03\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff1a\u201c\u53ea\u8981\u901a\u904e\u7269\u7406\u6216\u5316\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u660e\u78ba\u63a7\u88fd\u6216\u7528\u975e\u751f\u547d\u6750\u6599\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7d30\u7bc0\u4e0a\u91cd\u8907\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u55ae\u4e00\u751f\u547d\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91cb\u6027\u7684\u8b49\u64da \u201d \u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e2d\u96a8\u8655\u53ef\u898b\uff0c Richard Feynman \u7684\u540d\u8a00\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u7121\u6cd5\u5275\u9020\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u3002\u201d \u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u96d6\u7136 Rutherford \u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u201cThe &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/02\/15\/creation-how-science-is-reinventing-life-itself\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2gW","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8738","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8738"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8738\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8740,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8738\/revisions\/8740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}