{"id":8752,"date":"2023-02-21T07:31:57","date_gmt":"2023-02-21T07:31:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8752"},"modified":"2023-02-21T07:32:03","modified_gmt":"2023-02-21T07:32:03","slug":"the-human-planet-how-we-created-the-anthropocene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/02\/21\/the-human-planet-how-we-created-the-anthropocene\/","title":{"rendered":"The Human Planet: How We Created the Anthropocene"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u8a8d\u771f\u8ac7\u8ad6<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/lrlr.landscapeonline.de\/Articles\/lrlr-2012-1\/articlese2.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u4eba\u985e\u4e16<\/a> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/anthropocene\/\" target=\"_blank\">Anthropocene<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7684\u8db3\u8de1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u524d\u3002\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5730\u8cea\u8a18\u9304\u4e2d\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5730\u8cea\u8a18\u9304\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u95dc\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u9032\u5316\u5fb9\u5e95\u5730\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u661f\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u5b83\u812b\u96e2\u4e86\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5730\u8cea\u6642\u9593\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8b8a\u5f97\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5730\u8cea\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5584\u7528\u9019\u7a2e\u529b\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u7fa9\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u3002 Simon Lewis \u548c Mark Maslin\u5728 \u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Human-Planet-How-Created-Anthropocene-ebook\/dp\/B07KMJZF42\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3TFU4MZIKMTRU&amp;keywords=The+Human+Planet%3A+How+We+Created+the+Anthropocene&amp;qid=1676964697&amp;sprefix=the+human+planet+how+we+created+the+anthropocene%2Caps%2C321&amp;sr=8-1\">The Human Planet: How We Created the Anthropocene<\/a>\u201d \u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u8ad6\u8b49\u78ba\u5be6\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u9019\u689d\u5f27\u7dda\u3002\u5f9e\u5730\u8cea\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6982\u89bd\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f9e\u65e9\u671f\u4eba\u985e\u9032\u5316\u5230\u72e9\u7375\u63a1\u96c6\u8005\u3001\u8fb2\u696d\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u6b96\u6c11\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3001 \u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\uff0c20 \u4e16\u7d00\u4eba\u985e\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u7d42\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff1a\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u6027\u6216\u6587\u660e\u5d29\u6f70\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Neyrat\uff082019 \u5e74\uff09\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\u5f8c\u8005\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u201c\u5b8f\u5927\u6558\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u5927\u7b46\u5283\u4e2d\uff0cMaslin \u548c Lewis \u6709\u6642\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5fae\u89c0\u7d30\u7bc0\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u8aa0\u5be6\u800c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7cbe\u901a\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u53f2\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u74b0\u5883\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u6216\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u79d1\u5b78\uff08\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u5b78\u79d1\uff09\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u5b78\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u907f\u514d\u4e86\u53ea\u5f37\u8abf\u79d1\u5b78\u6216\u53ea\u5f37\u8abf\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u55ae\u8abf\u7126\u9ede\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8207\u6240\u6709\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5ee3\u5ea6\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f88\u96e3\u4e88\u4ee5\u8a55\u50f9\u5b83\u3002 \u5c31 \u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u64c1\u6709\u6aa2\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5fae\u89c0\u7d30\u7bc0\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u3002 \u4e5f\u8a31\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u901a\u904e\u5f15\u7528\u8a31\u591a\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u9700\u6301\u4fdd\u7559\u614b\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8a55\u8ad6\u662f\u7531\u4f86\u81ea\u591a\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u201c\u5f8c\u771f\u76f8\u201d\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u7576\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u6df9\u6c92\u201d\u8207\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7d20\u990a\u56b4\u91cd\u543b\u5408\u6642\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u90fd\u66f4\u95dc\u5fc3\u77e5\u8b58\u4f86\u6e90\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u4ed4\u7d30\u6a19\u8a18\u4e26\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0cLewis \u548c Maslin \u90fd\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u81ea\u8eab\u5411\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u4f86\u8aaa\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u597d\u8655\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u4e2d\u52aa\u529b\u722d\u53d6\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u65b0\u8208\u9818\u57df\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u500b \u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8a71\u3002 \u5b78\u8853\u79d1\u5b78\u5beb\u4f5c\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u4e3b\u984c\u5982\u6b64\u660e\u986f\u5730\u5c07\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u6b77\u53f2\u6df7\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002 \u7576\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u628a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u6b0a\u5a01\u653e\u5927\u548c\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u53cd\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u5982 Jason W. Moore \u7684\u8072\u97f3\u6642\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u9ad4\u9a57\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u7a2e\u6301\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u9075\u5faa\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u5f27\u7dda \uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cLewis \u548c Maslin \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u7d00\u5143\u8d77\u6e90\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/worldlyir.wordpress.com\/tag\/orbis-hypothesis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Orbis hypothesis<\/a>\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u9996\u6b21\u62b5\u9054\u7f8e\u6d32 \uff0c 16 \u4e16\u7d00\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5c16\u5cf0\u6c34\u5e73\u662f\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u5347\u4e16\u7d00\u3002Lewis \u548c Maslin \u8b49\u660e\u4e86 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/science\/orbis-spike-in-1610-marks-date-when-humans-fundamentally-changed-the-planet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1610 \u5e74<\/a>\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8a95\u751f\u3002 \u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6210\u70ba\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u548c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u201c\u7d71\u6cbb\u548c\u5c0d\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u201d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u3002 \u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u6c11\u5c0d\u4f34\u96a8\u6b50\u6d32\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u548c\u5f81\u670d\u8005\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5929\u82b1\u2014\u2014\u6c92\u6709\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u5834\u8207\u6230\u722d\u540c\u6642\u767c\u751f\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u7a2e\u65cf\u6ec5\u7d55\u671f\u9593\uff0c1493 \u5e74\u81f3 1650 \u5e74\u9593\u6709\u591a\u9054 7600 \u842c\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1 ( p 158 )\u3002 Aztec\u3001Inca \u548c Maya \u6587\u660e\u5d29\u6f70\u4e86\uff08 pp 154\uff1b155\uff1b336\uff09\u3002 \u7576\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u5230\u9054\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u7247\u7a7a\u7121\u4e00\u7269\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u88ab\u780d\u4f10\u7684\u5927\u9678\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u8655\u7406\u5f9e\u672a\u7528\u65bc\u8fb2\u696d\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002 \u6839\u64da Lewis \u548c Maslin \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u6bc0\u6ec5\u6027\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7684\u6a39\u6728\u4fee\u5fa9\u4e86\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u66f4\u52a0\u719f\u6089\u548c\u660e\u986f\u2014\u2014\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u3001\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u7a2e\u3001\u6838\u80fd\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u548c\u5730\u8cea\u8a18\u9304\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u75d5\u8de1\u3002 \u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u53ef\u4f9b\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u5283\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u4e26\u5ba3\u4f48\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff1f \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u65b0\u8208\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0cLewis \u548c Maslin \u8457\u91cd\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u6b50\u6d32\u548c\u5317\u7f8e\u4e4b\u9593\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u7684 \u201c\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u4ea4\u6d41 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.khanacademy.org\/humanities\/us-history\/precontact-and-early-colonial-era\/old-and-new-worlds-collide\/a\/the-columbian-exchange-ka\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Columbian exchange<\/a>\u201d\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u73fe\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u7684 \u201c\u5c0f\u51b0\u6cb3\u6642\u4ee3 Little Ice Age\u201d\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u5316\u662f\u8fb2\u696d\u4f7f\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u6696\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u51b0\u6cb3\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u9577\u671f\u8da8\u52e2\u7684\u77ed\u66ab\u4f8b\u5916\u3002 \u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5f37\u8abf\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u78ba\u5b9a\u9019\u4e9b\u524d\u5de5\u696d\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u4ee5\u201c\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u8b8a\u5730\u7403\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7d9c\u5408\u7cfb\u7d71\u201d\uff08 pp 117\uff1b179\uff09\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5f71\u97ff\u8996\u70ba\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u65bc\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u524d\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u4f7f\u78ba\u5b9a\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u958b\u59cb\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u8907\u96dc\u5316\u2014\u2014\u8a72\u9805\u76ee\u4e0d\u61c9\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u201c\u8de8\u8d8a\u201d\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u3001\u8003\u53e4\u5b78 \u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u3001\u9032\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2 ( p 77 )\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u8fb2\u696d\u548c\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u7684\u201c\u4ea4\u63db\u201d\u662f\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u548c\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a81\u8b8a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8d77\u6e90\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5168\u7403\u5316\u662f Lewis \u548c Maslin \u89e3\u91cb 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u6c23\u5019\u6b77\u53f2\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u90fd\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u74b0\u5883\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 \u5728\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u554f\u984c\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff1a\u6c92\u6709\u666e\u904d\u7684\u4eba\u985e\uff1b \u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u5011\u201d\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u652f\u96e2\u7834\u788e\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u3001\u8cc7\u672c\u3001\u6578\u64da\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u6d41\u52d5\u4e2d\u4ea4\u7e54\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002 \u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7d66\u67d0\u4e9b\u4eba\u5e36\u4f86\u4e16\u754c\u672b\u65e5\u822c\u7684\u7126\u616e\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96d6\u7136 Lewis \u548c Maslin \u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u8ac7\u8a71\u4e2d\u660e\u78ba\u8868\u9054\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc Kathryn Yusoff \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u201c\u4ea4\u63db\u201d\u8a9e\u8a00\u5c07\u6b96\u6c11\u66b4\u529b\u7de8\u78bc\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6558\u4e8b\u4e2d \u201c\u8eab\u9ad4\u3001\u8089\u9ad4\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7834\u88c2\u6210\u70ba\u57cb\u846c\u201d\uff08 p 30 \uff09\u3002 \u5728 Lewis \u548c Maslin \u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0( Defining the Anthropocene 2015 ) \u7684\u8a3b\u89e3\u4e2d\uff0c Kathryn Yusoff, (2018) \u53cd\u800c\u770b\u5230\u4e86 \u201c\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u8b00\u6bba\u201d \u4ee5\u53ca\u5f9e\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u8ca1\u7522\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u8eab\u4e0a\u69a8\u53d6\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u968e\u6bb5\u3002 \u5c0d\u5979\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u201c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u8a9e\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u9019\u500b &#8221; &#8216;Orbis&#8217; \u5c16\u5cf0 <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.uvm.edu\/aivakhiv\/2015\/03\/24\/the-orbis-spike\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Orbis spike&#8221;<\/a> \u4f7f\u6b50\u6d32\u6b96\u6c11\u95dc\u4fc2\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7121\u6cd5\u5f9e\u5176\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6e05\u55ae\u4e2d\u6e05\u9664\u81ea\u8eab\u201d (32)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u5730\u7403\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u4e3b\u8981\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u3002 \u4f46\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u6709\u95dc\u8a72\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u78ba\u5be6\u505a\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u6642\u4ee3\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u89c0\u7684\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c Clive Hamilton, (2017) \u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5c07\u65e9\u671f\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6c23\u5019\u5f71\u97ff\u8207\u59cb\u65bc 19 \u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u5f71\u97ff\u5340\u5206\u958b\u4f86\uff0c\u53cd\u99c1\u4e86\u6700\u8fd1\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u4e3b\u984c\u666e\u904d\u6027\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u3002 \u4ed6\u5c16\u92b3\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u5f9e\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u4e4b\u9593\u6216\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6027\u5225\u548c\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e4b\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u5340\u5225\u3002 \u53ea\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e7e\u64fe\u5b83\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u662f\u6574\u500b\u5730\u7403\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u65b7\u88c2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u6574\u500b\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u65b7\u88c2\u201d\uff08 p 34 \uff09\u3002 Lewis \u548c Maslin \u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u89c0\u9ede\u4ecb\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u4e3b\u5f35\u548c Kathryn Yusoff  \u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f8\u5c0d\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u6846\u67b6\u4e5f\u5851\u9020\u4e86 Lewis \u548c Maslin \u7684\u66f8\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u3002 \u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u6e34\u671b\u5c07\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u806f\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7406\u89e3\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u5916\u5c64\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u4e00\u7684 \u201c\u7d9c\u5408\u7cfb\u7d71\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5ca9\u77f3\u5708\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5708\u3001\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u548c\u6c34\u5708\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u548c \u6280\u8853 ( p 269 )\u3002 \u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u8207<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/4138\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u751f\u614b\u5b78<\/a>\u548c <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/4146\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gaia hypothesis<\/a> \u6709\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u7368\u7279\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6\u5728\u95dc\u6ce8\u884c\u661f\u898f\u6a21\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u8abf\u7bc0\u975e\u751f\u7269\u6c23\u5019\u6642\u8b8a\u5f97\u6e05\u6670\u8d77\u4f86\u3002 \u5177\u6709\u8af7\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u500b\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u9818\u57df\u7d66\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u9019\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u4f46\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u5bb6\u63a7\u5236\u8457\u5c0d\u5b98\u65b9\u5730\u8cea\u6642\u9593\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5011\u9810\u8a08\u6700\u65e9\u6703\u5728 2016 \u5e74\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u5c1a\u672a\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a1\u7528\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u50cf Clive  Hamilton \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cLewis \u548c Maslin \u63a1\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u8853\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u3002 \u8cab\u7a7f\u59cb\u7d42\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u77ed\u8a9e\u662f \u201c\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u529f\u80fd the functioning of the Earth system\u201d\u3002 \u5b83\u5177\u6709\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u597d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5927\u5230\u8db3\u4ee5\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u201d\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u958b\u59cb\u65e5\u671f\u5982\u4f55 ( p 399 )\u3002 \u8a73\u7d30\u63a2\u7d22\u9019\u500b\u77ed\u8a9e\u5c07\u662f\u6982\u62ec\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u5167\u5bb9\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a Lewis \u548c Maslin \u66f4\u6210\u719f\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c \u66f4\u591a\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u53f2\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lewis \u548c Maslin \u5728\u81ea\u7136\/\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u548c\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u4e4b\u9593\u53cd\u590d\u653e\u5927\u548c\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fb2\u696d\u4e0d\u50c5\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 \u201c\u65b0\u6708\u6c83\u571f Fertile Crescent\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u81f3\u5c11 14 \u500b\u4eba\u985e\u7368\u7acb\u99b4\u5316\u690d\u7269\u548c\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u5340\u57df\u3002 \u5f9e\u99b4\u5316\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u548c\u6578\u91cf\u7b49\u7d30\u7bc0\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u71c3\u71d2\u68ee\u6797\u548c\u8fb2\u696d\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6574\u500b\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027 ( p 138 )\u3002 \u8003\u616e\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0cLewis \u548c Maslin \u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u5e36\u56de\u9019\u500b\u884c\u661f\u5b58\u5728\u53ca\u5176\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u201d\u3002 \u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff1a\u52aa\u529b\u5c07\u820a\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u77e5\u8b58\u878d\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u7bc4\u5f0f\u3002 \u5728\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\uff0cLewis \u548c Maslin \u53cd\u590d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5730\u7403\u5730\u8cea\u6a94\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u64da\u548c\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u4e32\u806f\u6210\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u5176\u62bd\u8c61\u70ba\u201c\u8907\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\u201d\u3002 \u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u51b0\u82af\u548c\u99b4\u5316\u7269\u7a2e\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff1b \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u53cd\u994b\u3001\u81ea\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u81e8\u754c\u9ede\u4ee5\u53ca\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u3002 \u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6703\u6084\u6084\u8de8\u8d8a\u597d\u5e7e\u9801\u3002 \u7136\u5f8c\u5b83\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u6216\u65b0\u7ae0\u7bc0\u7684\u958b\u982d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u8ad6\u8b49\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u7576\u4f5c\u8005\u554f\u4e00\u500b\u7d66\u5b9a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u591a\u9ebc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u201d \u201c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u9ad4\u201d\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71 ( pp 410; 333 )\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u8655\u7406\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u884c\u661f\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5728\u7a7a\u9593\u548c\u6642\u9593\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u9075\u5faa\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u529f\u80fd\u201d \u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u5728 Lewis \u548c Maslin \u7684\u66f8\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u9060\u8ddd\u96e2\u89c0\u5bdf\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u548c\u5f9e\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u9577\u7684\u6578\u64da\u96c6\u69cb\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u9818\u57df\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6771\u897f\u9700\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u5177\u6709\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u985e\u6bd4\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u67d0\u4e9b\u201c\u76ee\u6a19\u201d\uff0c\u985e\u6bd4\u70ba\u5be6\u73fe\u4eba\u985e\u9810\u671f\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\uff0c\u6216\u65e8\u5728\u5be6\u73fe\u9032\u5316\u76ee\u6a19\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u6216\u5faa\u74b0\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u672c\u8eab\u3002 \u884c\u661f\u751f\u614b\u529f\u80fd\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6307\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u53cd\u994b\u7b49\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5176\u4ed6\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u67d0\u7a2e\u6301\u4e45\u95dc\u4fc2\u7d50\u69cb\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5404\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6574\u500b\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5df4\u6d1b\u514b\u5f0f\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5b8f\u5927\u6558\u4e8b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5982\u4f55\u63cf\u8ff0\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u662f \u201c\u5927\u6b77\u53f2\u201d\u3002 \u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u958b\u59cb\u7a4d\u6975\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u5730\u7403\u3002 \u6e1b\u5c11\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u6392\u653e\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002 \u201c\u8981\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u4e00\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u9700\u8981\u5c07\u6d88\u9664\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u6392\u653e\u8207\u8ffd\u6c42\u7d93\u6fdf\u589e\u9577\u653e\u5728\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c Lewis \u548c Maslin \u5c0d\u6df1\u5ea6\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u662f\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u6709\u5730\u8cea\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u4f46\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e26\u4e0d\u7e3d\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4f46\u5f9e\u67d0\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e5f\u662f\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b83\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u5176\u8a31\u591a\u7d30\u7bc0\u7e2b\u5408\u5230\u5fa9\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u3002 \u7e2b\u5408\u4e0d\u662f\u7121\u7e2b\u7684\uff0c\u5dee\u8ddd\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u95dc\u9375\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e00\u518d\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\uff08\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff09\u662f\u6574\u500b\u201c\u7d9c\u5408\u7cfb\u7d71\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u627f\u8a8d \u201c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u53eb\u505a\u2018\u4eba\u985e\u2019\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u5be6\u9ad4\u63a8\u52d5\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5bb6\u5712\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u662f\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u201d\uff0c\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70ba \u201c\u7531\u8a31\u591a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u9069\u61c9\u7cfb\u7d71\u201d\uff08p 332 \uff09\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u64f4\u5c55\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u4eba\u985e\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4f54\u64da\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002 . . . \u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8655\u7406\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u90fd\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u201d\uff08 p 363 \uff09\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7576\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c0e\u81f4\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u6642\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fb2\u696d\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u6216\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5927\u52a0\u901f\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u9019\u88cf\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u751f\u614b\u6b77\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8907\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u9020\u6210\u640d\u5931\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u5c0d\u201c\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u968e\u68af\u201d\u6301\u8b39\u614e\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u7d66\u6211\u7684\u5370\u50cf\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u6709\u898f\u5f8b\u7684\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u8907\u96dc\uff1b \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6587\u660e\u5d29\u6f70\u610f\u5473\u8457\u201c\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u201d\uff08 pp 360\uff1b336 \uff09\u3002 \u8907\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\u7406\u8ad6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u554f\u984c\u8981\u554f\uff0c\u5fa9\u96dc\u6027\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u666e\u904d\u3002 \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5f9e\u9084\u539f\u8ad6\u8f49\u5411\u6574\u9ad4\u8ad6\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u9019\u4e00\u8da8\u52e2\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u74b0\u5883\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u95dc\u6ce8\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u6846\u67b6\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7a\u7576\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c07\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u7d0d\u5165\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u53c3\u7167\u554f\u984c\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u662f\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u80cc\u5f8c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u8996\u70ba\u81ea\u7136\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u3002 \u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u95dc\u6ce8\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300a\u9762\u5c0d\u84cb\u5a6d\uff1a\u65b0\u6c23\u5019\u9ad4\u5236\u516b\u8b1b\u300b<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/4138\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/4138<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300a\u4eba\u985e\u6642\u4ee3\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5851\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u300b<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/4390\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/4390<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;The Vanishing Face of Gaia&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/7649\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/7649<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u8a8d\u771f\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4eba\u985e\u4e16 Anthropocene\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7684\u8db3\u8de1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u524d\u3002\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5730\u8cea\u8a18\u9304\u4e2d\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5730\u8cea\u8a18\u9304\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u95dc\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u9032\u5316\u5fb9\u5e95\u5730\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u661f\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u5b83\u812b\u96e2\u4e86\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5730\u8cea\u6642\u9593\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8b8a\u5f97\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5730\u8cea\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5584\u7528\u9019\u7a2e\u529b\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u7fa9\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u3002 Simon Lewis \u548c Mark Maslin\u5728 \u201d The Human Planet: How We Created the Anthropocene\u201d \u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u8ad6\u8b49\u78ba\u5be6\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u9019\u689d\u5f27\u7dda\u3002\u5f9e\u5730\u8cea\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6982\u89bd\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f9e\u65e9\u671f\u4eba\u985e\u9032\u5316\u5230\u72e9\u7375\u63a1\u96c6\u8005\u3001\u8fb2\u696d\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u6b96\u6c11\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3001 \u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\uff0c20 \u4e16\u7d00\u4eba\u985e\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u7d42\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff1a\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u6027\u6216\u6587\u660e\u5d29\u6f70\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Neyrat\uff082019 \u5e74\uff09\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\u5f8c\u8005\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u201c\u5b8f\u5927\u6558\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u5927\u7b46\u5283\u4e2d\uff0cMaslin \u548c Lewis \u6709\u6642\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5fae\u89c0\u7d30\u7bc0\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u8aa0\u5be6\u800c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7cbe\u901a\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u53f2\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u74b0\u5883\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u6216\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u79d1\u5b78\uff08\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u5b78\u79d1\uff09\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u5b78\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u907f\u514d\u4e86\u53ea\u5f37\u8abf\u79d1\u5b78\u6216\u53ea\u5f37\u8abf\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u55ae\u8abf\u7126\u9ede\u3002 \u8207\u6240\u6709\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5ee3\u5ea6\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f88\u96e3\u4e88\u4ee5\u8a55\u50f9\u5b83\u3002 \u5c31 \u201d The Human Planet\u201d \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u64c1\u6709\u6aa2\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5fae\u89c0\u7d30\u7bc0\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u3002 \u4e5f\u8a31\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u901a\u904e\u5f15\u7528\u8a31\u591a\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u9700\u6301\u4fdd\u7559\u614b\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8a55\u8ad6\u662f\u7531\u4f86\u81ea\u591a\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u201c\u5f8c\u771f\u76f8\u201d\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u7576\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u6df9\u6c92\u201d\u8207\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7d20\u990a\u56b4\u91cd\u543b\u5408\u6642\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u90fd\u66f4\u95dc\u5fc3\u77e5\u8b58\u4f86\u6e90\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u4ed4\u7d30\u6a19\u8a18\u4e26\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/02\/21\/the-human-planet-how-we-created-the-anthropocene\/\">Continue reading 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