{"id":8773,"date":"2023-03-07T08:53:39","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T08:53:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8773"},"modified":"2023-03-07T08:53:43","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T08:53:43","slug":"democracy-in-iran-history-and-the-quest-for-liberty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/03\/07\/democracy-in-iran-history-and-the-quest-for-liberty\/","title":{"rendered":"Democracy in Iran: History and the Quest for Liberty"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\n\n\u5f9e\u51cc\u6668\u5341\u4e00\u6642\u4e94\u5341\u4e00\u5206\uff0c\u7279\u5340\u653f\u5e9c\u767c\u6587\u53cd\u99c1<a href=\"https:\/\/tbinternet.ohchr.org\/_layouts\/15\/treatybodyexternal\/Download.aspx?symbolno=E%2FC.12%2FCHN%2FCO%2F3&amp;Lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8207\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff08UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights\uff09 \u5c31\u9999\u6e2f\u7279\u5340\u6839\u64da\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8207\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\uff08\u300a\u516c\u7d04\u300b\uff09\u63d0\u4ea4\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u5831\u544a<\/a>\uff0c\u5230\u4f0a\u6717\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\u6bd2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u5a01\u6b0a\/\u6975\u6b0a\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u65e5\u76ca\u56b4\u91cd\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u518d\u6b21\u6210\u70ba\u982d\u689d\u65b0\u805e\u3002 \u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u7684\u9130\u570b\u4ee5\u767c\u5c55\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u800c\u8457\u7a31\uff0c\u5176\u672a\u4f86\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f86\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u56b4\u91cd\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u55ac\u6cbb\u00b7W\u00b7\u5e03\u4ec0\u7e3d\u7d71\u5c07\u5176\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u90aa\u60e1\u8ef8\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e26\u62a8\u64ca\u8a72\u570b\u7684\u5c08\u5236\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7576\u5e03\u4ec0\u9f13\u5439\u6c11\u4e3b\u5728\u6574\u500b\u4e2d\u6771\u5730\u5340\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u6642\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4f0a\u6717\u662f\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u6c11\u4e3b\u6b77\u53f2\u6700\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u9019\u672c\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Democracy-Iran-History-Quest-Liberty-ebook\/dp\/B000V5NSYY\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=254HVKTBX05B1&amp;keywords=Democracy+in+Iran%3A+History+and+the+Quest+for+Liberty&amp;qid=1678179190&amp;sprefix=democracy+in+iran+history+and+the+quest+for+liberty%2Caps%2C544&amp;sr=8-1\">Democracy in Iran: History and the Quest for Liberty<\/a>\u201d\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0cAli Gheissari \u548c Vali Nasr \u5be9\u8996\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u524d\u666f\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u5728\u767c\u8d77\u4e86\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3001\u4e00\u5834\u9769\u547d\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u5171\u548c\u570b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u73fe\u5728\u6e96\u5099\u5728\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e16\u754c\u767c\u8d77\u4e00\u5834\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u672c\u571f\u6c11\u4e3b\u904b\u52d5\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u7a81\u7136\u767c\u5c55\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u9032\u53e3\u7684\u3002 \u4eca\u5929\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u662f\u5c0d\u5a01\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8457\u8907\u96dc\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u8207\u5851\u9020\u4f0a\u6717\u793e\u6703\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529b\u91cf\u7dca\u5bc6\u4ea4\u7e54\u5728\u4e00\u8d77 . \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u7684\u5361\u624e\u723e\u738b\u671d\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9996\u5148\u5728\u4f0a\u6717\u6d6e\u51fa\u6c34\u9762\uff0c\u4e26\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f0a\u6717\u5728 1906 \u5e74\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u61b2\u6cd5\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6c11\u4e3b\u672a\u80fd\u7d2e\u6839\u4e26\u5728\u7368\u88c1\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e0b\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u5931\u5730 \uff1a\u4f0a\u6717\u570b\u5bb6\u3002 \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc 1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\u548c 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1f \u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5b83\u73fe\u5728\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u80a1\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u529b\u91cf\uff1f \u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9769\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u589e\u9577\u548c\u9769\u547d\u7d93\u9a57\u5982\u4f55\u532f\u805a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f7f\u9019\u4e00\u5207\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f9e\u51cc\u6668\u5341\u4e00\u6642\u4e94\u5341\u4e00\u5206\uff0c\u7279\u5340\u653f\u5e9c\u767c\u6587\u53cd\u99c1\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8207\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff08UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights\uff09 \u5c31\u9999\u6e2f\u7279\u5340\u6839\u64da\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8207\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\uff08\u300a\u516c\u7d04\u300b\uff09\u63d0\u4ea4\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u5230\u4f0a\u6717\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\u6bd2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u5a01\u6b0a\/\u6975\u6b0a\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u65e5\u76ca\u56b4\u91cd\u3002 \u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u518d\u6b21\u6210\u70ba\u982d\u689d\u65b0\u805e\u3002 \u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u7684\u9130\u570b\u4ee5\u767c\u5c55\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u800c\u8457\u7a31\uff0c\u5176\u672a\u4f86\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f86\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u56b4\u91cd\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u55ac\u6cbb\u00b7W\u00b7\u5e03\u4ec0\u7e3d\u7d71\u5c07\u5176\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u90aa\u60e1\u8ef8\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e26\u62a8\u64ca\u8a72\u570b\u7684\u5c08\u5236\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7576\u5e03\u4ec0\u9f13\u5439\u6c11\u4e3b\u5728\u6574\u500b\u4e2d\u6771\u5730\u5340\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u6642\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4f0a\u6717\u662f\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u6c11\u4e3b\u6b77\u53f2\u6700\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u672c\u201cDemocracy in Iran: History and the Quest for Liberty\u201d\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0cAli Gheissari \u548c Vali Nasr \u5be9\u8996\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u524d\u666f\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u5728\u767c\u8d77\u4e86\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3001\u4e00\u5834\u9769\u547d\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u5171\u548c\u570b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u73fe\u5728\u6e96\u5099\u5728\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e16\u754c\u767c\u8d77\u4e00\u5834\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u672c\u571f\u6c11\u4e3b\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u7a81\u7136\u767c\u5c55\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u9032\u53e3\u7684\u3002 \u4eca\u5929\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u662f\u5c0d\u5a01\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8457\u8907\u96dc\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u8207\u5851\u9020\u4f0a\u6717\u793e\u6703\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529b\u91cf\u7dca\u5bc6\u4ea4\u7e54\u5728\u4e00\u8d77 . \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u7684\u5361\u624e\u723e\u738b\u671d\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9996\u5148\u5728\u4f0a\u6717\u6d6e\u51fa\u6c34\u9762\uff0c\u4e26\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f0a\u6717\u5728 1906 \u5e74\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u61b2\u6cd5\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6c11\u4e3b\u672a\u80fd\u7d2e\u6839\u4e26\u5728\u7368\u88c1\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e0b\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u5931\u5730 \uff1a\u4f0a\u6717\u570b\u5bb6\u3002 \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc 1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\u548c 70 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/03\/07\/democracy-in-iran-history-and-the-quest-for-liberty\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2hv","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8773","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8773"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8773\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8774,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8773\/revisions\/8774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8773"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8773"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8773"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}