{"id":8851,"date":"2023-04-12T06:46:48","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T06:46:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8851"},"modified":"2023-04-12T06:46:53","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T06:46:53","slug":"ideas-concepts-and-reality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/04\/12\/ideas-concepts-and-reality\/","title":{"rendered":"Ideas, Concepts, and Reality"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u54f2\u5b78\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\u7684\u6b77\u96aa ( A. N. Whitehead )\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">John W. Burbidge \u5f9e Gottlob Frege \u53cd\u5c0d 19 \u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u00a0Mill\u00a0\u548c\u00a0Husserl \u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5167\u7701\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78 \u00a0introspective psychology\u00a0\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\u4e86<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/psychologism\" target=\"_blank\">\u5fc3\u7406\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/a> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/psychologism\/\" target=\"_blank\">psychologism<\/a> \u7684\u8b2c\u8aa4\u3002\u6839\u64da Frege \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0cVorstellungen\uff08\u88ab\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u201c\u60f3\u6cd5\/\u89c0\u5ff5 ideas \u201d\uff09\u5c6c\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u601d\u8003\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6240\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u800c\u771f\u7406\u5247\u7368\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Concepts-Reality-McGill-Queens-Studies-History-ebook\/dp\/B00D9E02T8\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=DIIZLH7HAGC&amp;keywords=Ideas%2C+Concepts%2C+and+Reality&amp;qid=1681271798&amp;s=books&amp;sprefix=ideas%2C+concepts%2C+and+reality%2Cstripbooks-intl-ship%2C438&amp;sr=1-1\"> Ideas, Concepts, and Reality<\/a>&#8221; \u4e00\u66f8\u4ee5\u6b64\u70ba\u5207\u5165\u9ede\uff0c\u5340\u5206\u4e86 \u201c\u5716\u50cf \u00a0image\u00a0\u548c\u6982\u5ff5 \u00a0concept\uff0c\u60f3\u50cf \u00a0imagination\u00a0 \u548c\u601d\u60f3 \u00a0thought\u201d\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5f62\u8c61\u548c\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u7e3d\u7a31\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u611f\u89ba  sensations\u201d \u548c \u201c\u7531\u65e9\u671f\u611f\u5b98\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u75d5\u8de1\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5716\u7247\u201d (pp. 13-19)\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u4ed6\u7d66\u51fa\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u7406\u7531\u5c07\u5176\u6a19\u8a18\u70ba\u8b2c\u8aa4\uff1f \u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u4f86\u81ea\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u4ed4\u7d30\u5be9\u67e5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u652f\u914d\u601d\u60f3\u8005\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u4e0d\u80fd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u771f\u7406\u3002Burbidge \u5c0d Frege \u7684\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5c0d\u5171\u4eab\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u4ea4\u6d41\u548c\u4ee5\u601d\u60f3\u70ba\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u8a8d\u8b58\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u904e\u7a0b\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u5ba2\u89c0\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u654f\u92b3\u800c\u5bcc\u6709\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u91cb <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u4ee5 Frege \u5c0d\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u660e\u78ba\u5340\u5206\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u9019\u6b21\u671d\u8056\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u64c1\u6709\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u611f\u89ba\uff1b\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u601d\u60f3\u6709\u806f\u7e6b\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5438\u6536\u60c5\u611f\u5473\u9053\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\uff0c\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4f7f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5e7e\u500b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u601d\u8003\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u667a\u529b\u884c\u70ba\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e2d\u767c\u751f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684&#8230;\u201d (pp. 147-153) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7d93\u9a57\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c07\u89c0\u5ff5\u7c21\u5316\u70ba\u500b\u4eba\u611f\u5b98\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u96b1\u542b\u7684\u672a\u7d93\u8b49\u5be6\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7528 Hegel \u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u611f\u89ba\u7d93\u9a57\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7d44\u7e54\u5b83\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\u611f\u5b98\u76f4\u89ba\u96c6\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u88ab\u4e0b\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u5b58\u5132\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u518d\u751f\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u6703\u56de\u61b6\u8d77\u9019\u4e9b\u5b58\u5132\u7684\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u4e26\u9078\u64c7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u822c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u5c07\u5716\u50cf\u8207\u5176\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u4e26\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u3002\u5e7b\u60f3\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u611f\u5b98\u9ad4\u9a57\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u7684\u610f\u8c61\u548c\u806f\u60f3\u3002\u7b26\u865f\u88fd\u4f5c\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4e26\u8ce6\u4e88\u5b83\u5011\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u548c\u56de\u61b6\u611f\u5b98\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u548c\u806f\u7e6b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u4f7f\u7528 Hegel \u5c0d\u627f\u8a8d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u88fd\u4f5c\u5982\u4f55\u53c3\u8207\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u7d66\u4e88\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u4f7f\u7528\u8a5e\u8a9e\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u9019\u8feb\u4f7f\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u8003\u616e\u5230\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u9019\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u8a9e\u8a00\u8868\u9054\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u542b\u7fa9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u4f7f\u7528 Hegel \u5c0d\u6a5f\u68b0\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u62cb\u958b\u8a5e\u8a9e\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u500b\u4eba\u7d93\u6b77\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u79c1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u5f9e\u516c\u5171\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u3001\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u767c\u5c55\u5c07\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u8207\u5176\u500b\u4eba\u504f\u898b\u5206\u96e2\u958b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u5920\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u5ba2\u89c0\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u5230\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0cBurbidge \u4f7f\u7528 Descartes \u7684\u56db\u500b\u601d\u7dad\u898f\u5247\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u666e\u904d\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u4e2d\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u689d\u898f\u5247\u5c07\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u8207\u5176\u4e3b\u89c0\u504f\u898b\u5206\u958b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u689d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d\u898f\u5247\u767c\u5c55\u4e86 Burbidge \u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6372\u9808 tendrils of thought\u201d\u3002\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5c07\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u9ad4\u9a57\u9805\u76ee\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u5c6c\u548c\u7a2e\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5316\u76f8\u540c\u6027\u3002\u7d9c\u5408\u5c07\u611f\u5b98\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5e8f\u5217\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u56e0\u679c\u4f9d\u8cf4\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u806f\u7e6b( p 419\u5c3e ) \u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u689d\u898f\u5247\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u904e\u7a0b\u4f86\u9810\u6e2c\u81ea\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u7d50\u679c\u6216\u9810\u6e2c\u4e3b\u9ad4\u81ea\u8eab\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u6aa2\u67e5\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\u4f86\u5b8c\u5584\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u6574\u500b\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u90fd\u6372\u5165\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u7fd2\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u8b8a\u5f97\u7cbe\u7149\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u6e96\u78ba\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u666e\u904d\u806f\u7e6b\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u524d\u9762\u5e7e\u7ae0\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f17\u96f7\u683c\u5c07\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5ba2\u89c0\u771f\u7406\u9818\u57df\u56b4\u683c\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0cBurbidge \u5c0d\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6372\u9808\u201d\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u4f7f\u7528 Hegel \u908f\u8f2f\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5982\u4f55\u5305\u542b\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u4e26\u66b4\u9732\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u50b3\u7d71\u63a8\u7406\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u50be\u5411\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u63d0\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\u985e\u6bd4\u8ad6\u8b49\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u601d\u60f3\u8d85\u8d8a\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u52d5\u8a5e\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u548c\u6df1\u6dfa\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u6d89\u53ca\u5404\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u53e5\u6cd5\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8981\u9ede\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7d50\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0cBurbidge \u627f\u8a8d\u6211\u5011\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u80fd\u6700\u7d42\u548c\u7d55\u5c0d\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u8072\u7a31\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u6587\u5316\u504f\u898b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5805\u6301\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5834\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u529b\u91cf\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u53c9\u4e26\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u95dc\u6ce8\u9019\u500b\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u8907\u5408\u9ad4\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014Frege \u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u89c0\u5ff5 ideas\u201d \u548c \u201c\u6982\u5ff5 concepts \u201d\u4e4b \u9593\u7684\u5f35\u529b\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u7e3d\u662f\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u5167\u767c\u751f\u2014\u2014\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u9ede\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4f86\u81ea\u500b\u4eba\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u548c\u7d93\u6b77\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u770b\u5230\u5fc3\u9748\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u5c07\u9019\u7a2e\u4e3b\u89c0\u5167\u5bb9\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u66f4\u5ba2\u89c0\u548c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e34\u671b\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5168\u9762\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002 \u82db\u523b\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\u548c\u7acb\u5373\u679c\u65b7\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u9700\u8981\u6311\u6230\u4e86\u5c0b\u627e\u9069\u7576\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u51b7\u975c\u601d\u8003\u3002 \u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u50c5\u50c5\u5c0d\u4e3b\u89c0\u8208\u8da3\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u5be6\u73fe\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u9019\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u8abf\u67e5\u4e26\u767c\u73fe\u601d\u8003\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u5730\u9810\u6e2c\u6211\u5011\u884c\u52d5\u6642\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 \u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6d3b\u8e8d\u4e92\u52d5\u652f\u914d\u8457\u6211\u5011\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u6d3b\u3002( p 154 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;\u5982\u679c\u9019\u7a2e\u542b\u7fa9\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6982\u5ff5\u9818\u57df\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u8fa8\u5225\u6574\u500b\u5b87\u5b99\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002 \u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5b87\u5b99\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6372\u9808\u7db2\u7d61\u6574\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u8a72\u7db2\u7d61\u5c07\u666e\u904d\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u500b\u5225\u4e8b\u5be6\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7cfb\u7d71\u6355\u6349\u5230\u6211\u5011\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u672c\u8cea\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u5f9e\u6b63\u78ba\u8f49\u5411\u771f\u7406\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u51fa\u8abf\u67e5\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002 \u6211\u5df2\u7d93\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u7269\u8cea\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u7269\u8cea\u4e2d\u6709\u5176\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u7269\u8cea\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u9084\u539f\u70ba\u7269\u8cea\u3002 \u5b83\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u548c\u806f\u7e6b\u3002 \u6211\u5df2\u7d93\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u6027\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u6982\u5ff5\u601d\u7dad\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7cbe\u795e\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u795e\u8056\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u985e\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u69cb\u60f3\u6210\u70ba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002 \u552f\u4e00\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5728\u65bc\u5f8c\u9762\u9019\u4e9b\u8853\u8a9e\u4e0d\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u800c\u662f\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u662f\u4e3b\u89c0\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u6839\u64da\u5be9\u8a08\u54e1\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u8208\u8da3\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u4f7f\u6211\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u6307\u63a7\u8a66\u5716\u8b93\u8b80\u8005\u7688\u4f9d\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u6307\u63a7\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u8a8d\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u6216\u90a3\u7a2e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u5f37\u8abf\u3002 \u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a\u8868\u660e\u6211\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u601d\u60f3\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u8eab\u76f8\u95dc\u3002&#8221;( p 164 )<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u54f2\u5b78\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\u7684\u6b77\u96aa ( A. N. Whitehead )\u3002 John W. Burbidge \u5f9e Gottlob Frege \u53cd\u5c0d 19 \u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u00a0Mill\u00a0\u548c\u00a0Husserl \u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5167\u7701\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78 \u00a0introspective psychology\u00a0\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u4e3b\u7fa9 psychologism \u7684\u8b2c\u8aa4\u3002\u6839\u64da Frege \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0cVorstellungen\uff08\u88ab\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u201c\u60f3\u6cd5\/\u89c0\u5ff5 ideas \u201d\uff09\u5c6c\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u601d\u8003\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6240\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u800c\u771f\u7406\u5247\u7368\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002 &#8220; Ideas, Concepts, and Reality&#8221; \u4e00\u66f8\u4ee5\u6b64\u70ba\u5207\u5165\u9ede\uff0c\u5340\u5206\u4e86 \u201c\u5716\u50cf \u00a0image\u00a0\u548c\u6982\u5ff5 \u00a0concept\uff0c\u60f3\u50cf \u00a0imagination\u00a0 \u548c\u601d\u60f3 \u00a0thought\u201d\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5f62\u8c61\u548c\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u7e3d\u7a31\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u611f\u89ba sensations\u201d \u548c \u201c\u7531\u65e9\u671f\u611f\u5b98\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u75d5\u8de1\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5716\u7247\u201d (pp. &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/04\/12\/ideas-concepts-and-reality\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2iL","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8851"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8851\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8852,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8851\/revisions\/8852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}