{"id":8854,"date":"2023-04-13T03:37:09","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T03:37:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8854"},"modified":"2023-04-13T03:37:14","modified_gmt":"2023-04-13T03:37:14","slug":"adventures-of-ideas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/04\/13\/adventures-of-ideas\/","title":{"rendered":"Adventures of Ideas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Whitehead \u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u901a\u904e &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Adventures-Ideas-Alfred-North-Whitehead\/dp\/0029351707\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=18MOT93X9P93K&amp;keywords=Adventures+of+Ideas&amp;qid=1681356885&amp;sprefix=adventures+of+ideas%2Caps%2C456&amp;sr=8-1\">Adventures of Ideas<\/a>&#8221; \u95e1\u660e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \u4ed6\u5047\u8a2d\u4eba\u985e\u6587\u660e\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u5b78\u610f\u7fa9\u3002 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\u5982\u679c\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u8ad6\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u6703\u770b\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u632f\u52d5\u548c\u5f69\u8272\u5f62\u72c0\u7684\u904b\u52d5 ( p 3 )\u3002 \u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u5728\u7576\u4e0b\u8b1b\u8ff0\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u8207\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u5b78\u9810\u8a2d\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whitehead \u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u3001\u5f37\u8feb\u7684\u548c\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u9858\u671b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\u3002 \u4eba\u5011\u201c\u88ab\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u667a\u529b\u548c\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u6240\u9a45\u52d5\u201d\uff08 p 58 \uff09\u3002 \u61f7\u7279\u6d77\u5217\u8209\u4e86\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u529b\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u689d\u4ef6\u548c\u6280\u8853\u751f\u7522\u7684\u6b98\u9177\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u84b8\u6c7d\u3001\u96fb\u529b\u548c\u77f3\u6cb9\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9769\u5f71\u97ff\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ef8\u5fc3\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f5c\u70ba\u667a\u6167\u9858\u671b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50 ( p 8)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96d6\u7136 Whitehead \u672c\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9032\u6b65\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff08\u4ed6\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u4ed6\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u544a\u8aa1\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5b63\u7bc0\u5f37\u52a0\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u885d\u52d5\u5805\u6301\u3002 \u6709\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u5306\u5fd9\u5be6\u65bd\u793e\u6703\u6539\u9032\u6642\uff0c\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u8a66\u5716\u6d88\u9664\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u6700\u7d42\u6703\u91cb\u653e\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u90aa\u60e1 (20)\u3002 \u201c\u4e00\u500b\u5049\u5927\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u8db3\u5920\u591a\u7684\u512a\u79c0[\u4eba]\u5c07\u5176\u4ed8\u8af8\u5be6\u8e10&#8230;&#8230;\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u4fc3\u9032\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7fd2\u4fd7\u7684\u9010\u6f38\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u5176\u4f8b\u8b49\u7684\u8ca0\u8377\u201d (p 26). \u7406\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u597d\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u616e\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u4e0d\u65b7\u91cd\u758a\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u6548\u679c\u5f80\u5f80\u9060\u9060\u8d85\u51fa\u5176\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5716\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whitehead \u8a73\u8ff0\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u72a7\u7272\u548c\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5236\u5ea6\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u88ab\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6587\u660e\u6c11\u65cf\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7e7c\u627f\u7684\u672c\u80fd\u884c\u70ba\u8d85\u8d8a\u66f4\u9ad8\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 \u201c\u81ea\u7531 Freedom\u201d \u5c0d\u65bc\u65e9\u671f\u793e\u6703\u4f86\u8aaa\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u57c3\u53ca\u6216\u5df4\u6bd4\u502b ( p 49 )\u3002 \u61f7\u7279\u6d77\u8cac\u6210\u54f2\u5b78\u5c0b\u6c42\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u95e1\u660e\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u7fd2\u6163\u7fd2\u4fd7\u6240\u63a9\u84cb\u7684\u7d42\u6975\u76f4\u89ba\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u76f4\u89ba\u4ecd\u7136\u5f15\u5c0e\u4eba\u985e\u8d70\u5411\u6587\u660e\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u7531\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8aaa\u670d\u5df2\u7d93\u6230\u52dd\u5f37\u5236\u529b\u91cf\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7684\u4e16\u754c \u6b77\u53f2 ( p 25)\u3002  Whitehead \u5c0d Plato \u5728 &#8220;Republic&#8221; \u4e2d\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\u2014\u2014\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5c07\u7531\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u570b\u738b\u7d71\u6cbb\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u570b\u738b\u662f\u8ffd\u6c42\u5404\u7a2e\u696d\u9918\u611b\u597d\u7684\u666e\u901a\u516c\u6c11\u3002 \u5728\u901a\u8b58\u6559\u80b2\u50b3\u9054\u54f2\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u6703\u201d\uff08 p 125\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u7a2e\u54f2\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede\u6703\u5c07\u667a\u6167\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u8abf\u7bc0\u5291 modifying agency\u201d\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u65bc\u6ce8\u5165\u6211\u5011\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5169\u689d\u6d41\uff0c\u5373\u907a\u50b3\u7684\u672c\u80fd\/\u6163\u4f8b\u548c\u667a\u529b\u767c\u9175\/\u81ea\u767c\u6027 ( p 59 )\u3002 \u667a\u6167\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u6d41\u5408\u4f75\u6210\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u6211\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff08\u5373\u81ea\u7531\uff09\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002 \u660e\u667a\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u53d7\u5230\u6211\u5011\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u901a\u904e\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4f86\u555f\u52d5\u601d\u60f3\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u547c\u5438\u548c\u4eab\u53d7\u65e5\u843d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u201d \u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u9858\u610f\u5426\u8a8d\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u5b83\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u77ed\u66ab\u800c\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u9583\u5149\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6587\u660e\u9032\u6b65\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u667a\u6167\u9ede\u71c3\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u9583\u5149\uff0c\u7194\u5316\u4e26\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u53ef\u5851\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u7fd2\u4fd7\uff0c\u7167\u4eae\u4e86\u901a\u5411\u66f4\u516c\u6b63\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whitehead \u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u770b\u5230\u4eba\u985e\u5929\u751f\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u6642\u671f\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201c\u74b0\u5883\u70ba\u601d\u60f3\u670d\u52d9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u88dd\u5099\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5404\u7a2e\u5a92\u9ad4\u6280\u8853\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u7b26\u865f\u3001\u50b3\u64ad\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u4e0d\u5229\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u4ee5\u6280\u8853\u70ba\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u5176\u504f\u611b\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c[\u5ffd\u7565]\u4e8b\u7269\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u201d\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u652f\u6301\u908f\u8f2f\u7cfb\u7d71\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u3002 \u201c\u667a\u6167 Wisdom\u201d Whitehead \u5efa\u8b70\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u5c0d\u66f4\u6df1\u5c64\u6b21\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u57f7\u8457\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u76f4\u9762\u77e5\u8b58\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u76f4\u9762\u5176\u907a\u6f0f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u2026\u2026\u8070\u660e\u4eba\u7684\u611a\u8822\uff0c\u982d\u8166\u6e05\u9192\uff0c\u773c\u754c\u72f9\u9698\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u707d\u96e3\u201d\uff08 p 60 ).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5beb\u65bc 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0cWhitehead \u8a8d\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u9818\u57df\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u554f\u984c\u201d\uff08 p 79 \uff09\u3002 \u4ed6\u5c0d\u5546\u696d\u62b1\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u9019\u662f\u4ee5\u8aaa\u670d\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u6230\u722d\u3001\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5f37\u5236\u662f\u6b66\u529b\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u4f8b\u8b49\u201d( p 106 )\u3002 \u4f46\u56f0\u96e3\u963b\u7919\u4e86\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5be6\u73fe\u3002Whitehead \u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u516c\u53f8\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u5b8c\u5168\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u5c6c\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5be6\u9ad4\u3002 \u4ed6\u9084\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u79c1\u6709\u8ca1\u7522\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u58df\u65b7\u516c\u53f8\u898f\u5247\u548c\u7af6\u722d\u6027\u5e02\u5834\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u79c1\u6709\u8ca1\u7522\u5df2\u7d93\u8b8a\u5f97\u7121\u975e\u662f\u201c\u5f37\u8005\u7684\u610f\u5fd7 the will of the stronger\u201d\uff08p 80 \uff09\u3002 \u4f46 Whitehead \u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u201c\u64c1\u6709\u7d55\u5c0d\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5834\u5408\u90fd\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u3002\u201d  Whitehead \u5c0d\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7406\u89e3\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u96d6\u7136\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u5be9\u7f8e\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u6e67\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff1b \u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u662f\u7531\u5176\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6613\u5851\u9020\u7684\u3002 \u500b\u4eba\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7fd2\u4fd7\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u672c\u80fd\u57fa\u790e\u3002 \u4f46\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u500b\u4eba\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u5f37\u8abf\u66ff\u4ee3\u884c\u52d5\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u65b0\u7a4e\u76f4\u89ba\uff0c\u4e26\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u540c\u610f\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u5229\u7684\u5408\u540c\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5141\u8a31\u771f\u6b63\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u201c\u9664\u4e86\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5354\u8abf\u7e7c\u627f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002 \u96f6\u661f\u7684\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u662f\u7531\u76f8\u4e92\u963b\u7919\u7684\u9583\u5149\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u3002 \u60f3\u6cd5\u5fc5\u9808\u6301\u7e8c\u3001\u89e3\u958b\u3001\u50b3\u64ad\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u80cc\u666f\u76f8\u5354\u8abf\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u884c\u52d5\u4e2d\u6210\u70ba\u5178\u7bc4\u201d\uff08 p 81 \uff09\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u5c07\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8981\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whitehead \u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u81ea\u7531\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u3002 \u5b83\u66fe\u7d93\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u6c11\u4e3b\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3002 \u4f46\u662f Whitehead \u8b66\u544a\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u8981\u5f9e\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u6587\u5316\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u69cb\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5982\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u8a00\u8ad6\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff1b \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9650\u5236\u50c5\u50c5\u6e90\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u617e\u671b\u662f\u77ed\u8996\u7684\u3002 \u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u540c\u80de\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u8eab\u9ad4\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7fd2\u6027\u201d\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e26\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u4f0f\u7b46\uff1a\u201c\u751f\u8207\u6b7b\u3001\u71b1\u3001\u51b7\u3001\u98e2\u9913\u3001\u5206\u96e2\u3001\u75be\u75c5&#8230;&#8230; \u5973\u4eba\u548c\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u201d\uff08 p 84 \uff09\u3002 \u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 William Connolly \u7684\u8457\u4f5c &#8220;The Fragility of Things, 2013&#8243;  \u958b\u7bc7\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86 1755 \u5e74\u767c\u751f\u7684\u707d\u96e3\u6027\u91cc\u65af\u672c\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u8a72\u5730\u9707\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u8db3\u4ee5\u8aaa\u660e Whitehead \u542b\u7fa9\u7684\u9bae\u660e\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 Connolly \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u9019\u5834\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u4ee5 Voltaire \u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u65b0\u8208\u555f\u8499\u601d\u60f3\uff0cVoltaire\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8af7\u523a\u66f8 &#8221; Candide&#8221; \u4e2d\u5632\u7b11\u4e86\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5b89\u6170\u4ee5\u53ca Leibniz \u95dc\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002 \u7528 Connolly \u7684\u8a71\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a72\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8209\u4f8b\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u8207\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u901f\u5ea6\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u591a\u500b\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u529b\u5834\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u91cd\u758a\u4e26\u9031\u671f\u6027\u5730\u904e\u5ea6\u5339\u914d\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f ( p 7)\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9451\u65bc\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff0c Whitehead \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u63a1\u53d6\u7121\u795e\u8ad6\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u7406\u5ff5\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u76f4\u89ba\u8d85\u8d8a\u6240\u6709\u8b8a\u5316\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u6c38\u6046\u5584\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\u4f86\u6fc0\u767c\u9748\u9b42\u8d70\u5411\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u6587\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u6700\u521d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;Whitehead \u96a8\u5f8c\u8f49\u800c\u6279\u8a55 Malthus \u5b78\u8aaa\u7684\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u5f8c\u679c\u548c\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684 Darwin \u201c\u9069\u8005\u751f\u5b58\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u8207\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u6b77\u53f2\u4e8b\u5be6\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9019\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u904e\u5ea6\u7c21\u5316\uff0c\u6700\u58de\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f , \u986f\u7136\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u3002 \u8a72\u5b78\u8aaa\u4f7f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u5316\uff0c\u201c\u5c11\u6578\u5e78\u904b\u8005\u548c\u2026\u2026\u534a\u8ca7\u56f0\u8005\u201d\u8feb\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u653e\u68c4\u201c\u901a\u904e\u4eba\u9053\u8abf\u6574\u793e\u6703\u2026\u2026\u689d\u4ef6\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\uff08pp 91-92\uff09\u3002Connolly \u5728\u4ed6\u5c0d\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u66f4\u8a73\u7d30\u5730\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u8aaa\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a66\u5716\u5229\u7528\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u529b\u5c07\u5e02\u5834\u52d5\u529b\u6ce8\u5165\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u6709\u9818\u57df\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b ( p 21)\u3002 \u5047\u8a2d\u662f\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u81ea\u7d44\u7e54\u52d5\u614b\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u6a02\u89c0\u4e3b\u7fa9 ( p 6)\uff08\u8acb\u8a18\u4f4f\uff0c\u76f2\u76ee\u6a02\u89c0\u662f Voltaire \u5c0d Leibniz \u7684\u8af7\u523a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1 Whitehead \u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u5f9e\u539f\u59cb\u81ea\u7136\u4e2d\u9032\u5316\u51fa\u6587\u660e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u53cd\u5c0d\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u4e4b\u9593\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\u3002 \u201c\u4eba\u985e\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u4ee5\u6700\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c55\u73fe\u81ea\u7136\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u201d\uff08 p 99 \uff09\u3002 \u4ed6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8072\u7a31\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u751f\u7269\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u9032\u653b\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u548c\u64f4\u5c55\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002 \u5728\u4eba\u985e\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u201c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u9632\u79a6\u653f\u7b56\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u5931\u6557\u201d\uff08 p 102\uff09\u3002 \u201c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7e3d\u6703\u6709\u52d5\u8569\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002 \u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u654f\u611f\u610f\u5473\u8457\u597d\u5947\u3001\u5192\u96aa\u3001\u6539\u8b8a\u201d\uff08 p 105 \uff09\u3002\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Whitehead \u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u901a\u904e &#8220;Adventures of Ideas&#8221; \u95e1\u660e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \u4ed6\u5047\u8a2d\u4eba\u985e\u6587\u660e\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u5b78\u610f\u7fa9\u3002 \u6587\u660e\u751f\u7269\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u6f14\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u4e9b\u95dc\u65bc\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u8d77\u6e90\u5192\u96aa\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8a98\u60d1\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u5c07\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u5be6\u969b\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5411\u4e0a\u5192\u96aa\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002 \u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u9192\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4e8b\u5be6\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u8ad6\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u6703\u770b\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u632f\u52d5\u548c\u5f69\u8272\u5f62\u72c0\u7684\u904b\u52d5 ( p 3 )\u3002 \u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u5728\u7576\u4e0b\u8b1b\u8ff0\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u8207\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u5b78\u9810\u8a2d\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u3002 Whitehead \u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u3001\u5f37\u8feb\u7684\u548c\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u9858\u671b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\u3002 \u4eba\u5011\u201c\u88ab\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u667a\u529b\u548c\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u6240\u9a45\u52d5\u201d\uff08 p 58 \uff09\u3002 \u61f7\u7279\u6d77\u5217\u8209\u4e86\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u529b\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u689d\u4ef6\u548c\u6280\u8853\u751f\u7522\u7684\u6b98\u9177\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u84b8\u6c7d\u3001\u96fb\u529b\u548c\u77f3\u6cb9\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9769\u5f71\u97ff\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ef8\u5fc3\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f5c\u70ba\u667a\u6167\u9858\u671b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50 ( p 8)\u3002 \u96d6\u7136 Whitehead \u672c\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9032\u6b65\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff08\u4ed6\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u4ed6\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u544a\u8aa1\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5b63\u7bc0\u5f37\u52a0\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u885d\u52d5\u5805\u6301\u3002 \u6709\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u5306\u5fd9\u5be6\u65bd\u793e\u6703\u6539\u9032\u6642\uff0c\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u8a66\u5716\u6d88\u9664\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u6700\u7d42\u6703\u91cb\u653e\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u90aa\u60e1 (20)\u3002 \u201c\u4e00\u500b\u5049\u5927\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u8db3\u5920\u591a\u7684\u512a\u79c0[\u4eba]\u5c07\u5176\u4ed8\u8af8\u5be6\u8e10&#8230;&#8230;\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u4fc3\u9032\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7fd2\u4fd7\u7684\u9010\u6f38\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u5176\u4f8b\u8b49\u7684\u8ca0\u8377\u201d (p 26). \u7406\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u597d\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u616e\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u4e0d\u65b7\u91cd\u758a\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u6548\u679c\u5f80\u5f80\u9060\u9060\u8d85\u51fa\u5176\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5716\u3002 Whitehead \u8a73\u8ff0\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u72a7\u7272\u548c\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5236\u5ea6\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u88ab\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6587\u660e\u6c11\u65cf\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7e7c\u627f\u7684\u672c\u80fd\u884c\u70ba\u8d85\u8d8a\u66f4\u9ad8\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 \u201c\u81ea\u7531 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/04\/13\/adventures-of-ideas\/\">Continue reading <span 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