{"id":8858,"date":"2023-04-15T02:36:40","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T02:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8858"},"modified":"2023-04-15T02:36:44","modified_gmt":"2023-04-15T02:36:44","slug":"anthropocene-or-capitalocene-nature-history-and-the-crisis-of-capitalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/04\/15\/anthropocene-or-capitalocene-nature-history-and-the-crisis-of-capitalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Anthropocene or Capitalocene?: Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6230\u5f8c\u4eba\u985e\u9032\u5165\u4e03\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u51b7\u6230\u800c\u81f4\u6771\u897f\u5c0d\u6297\u7684\u683c\u5c40\u5f9e\u672a\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u4f46\u6574\u9ad4\u793e\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u78ba\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u524d\u3002\u53ef\u5982\u4eca\u5f9e\u4fc4\u70cf\u6230\u722d\u5230 Emmanuel Macron \u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u800c\u81f3\u795e\u5947\u570b\u5ea6\u6df7\u6dc6\u89c0\u5ff5\u7684\u8086\u8650\u6a6b\u98db\uff1b\u800c\u81f3\u5730\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u6027\u90fd\u9810\u793a\u7740\u4eba\u985e\u5df2\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e16\u5ea6\u3002 21 \u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u516c\u773e\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u88ab\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\u6240\u4f54\u64da\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u5730\u8cea\u548c\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5ee3\u6cdb\u548c\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\u3002 \u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6 <a href=\"https:\/\/research.com\/u\/eugene-f-stoermer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eugene Stoermer <\/a>\u5728 1980 \u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u4e16 Anthropocene\uff08\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u6c23\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005 Paul Crutzen \u5728 2000 \u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u958b\u5275\u6027\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u91cd\u8907\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u8cea\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e3b\u8981\u79d1\u5b78\u7d44\u7e54\u6b63\u5f0f\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u5c0d\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f55\u6642\u958b\u59cb\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f46\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u8868\u660e\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5f71\u97ff \u7cfb\u7d71\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u78ba\u4fdd\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u201d\u5c07\u7121\u9650\u671f\u56fa\u5b9a\u70ba\u516c\u5171\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u53d7\u904e Marx&nbsp;\u548c Engels &nbsp;\u751f\u614b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u50b3\u7d71\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u767c\u8d77\u4e86\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u542b\u84c4\u5730\u6307\u8cac\u5168\u4eba\u985e\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u548c\u7269\u7a2e\u55aa\u5931\u3001\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u5f71\u97ff \u3001\u6d77\u6d0b\u9000\u5316\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u780d\u4f10\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u751f\u7269\u5708\u9020\u6210\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u8cac\u602a\u5168\u4eba\u985e\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6578\u5341\u5104\u6700\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6d88\u8cbb\u548c\u6c61\u67d3\u5f88\u5c11\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u66f4\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c07\u8cac\u4efb\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u95dc\u4fc2\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u8a72\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5047\u8a2d\u7121\u9650\u7684\u8907\u5408\u589e\u9577 \u5728\u8cc7\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u7684\u661f\u7403\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u751f\u7522\u548c\u6d88\u8cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u201c\u8cc7\u672c\u65b0\u4e16\u201d\u3002 \u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7cfb\u5217\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u9084\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\uff1f \u81ea\u7136\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u7531 Jason W. Moore \u7de8\u8f2f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u751f\u614b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6279\u5224\u7684\u65b0\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u64f4\u5c55\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u751f\u614b\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c0d\u65bc Jasons Moore \u7de8\u8f2f\u7684\u5408\u96c6 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Anthropocene-Capitalocene-Nature-History-Capitalism-ebook\/dp\/B093XZYJ2C\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1HKSK1KDJ3EMW&amp;keywords=Anthropocene+or+Capitalocene%3F%3A+Nature%2C+History%2C+and+the+Crisis+of+Capitalism&amp;qid=1681525943&amp;sprefix=anthropocene+or+capitalocene+nature%2C+history%2C+and+the+crisis+of+capitalism%2Caps%2C437&amp;sr=8-1\">Anthropocene or Capitalocene?: Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism<\/a>&#8220;\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u704c\u8f38\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5c07\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7e3d\u7d50\u70ba\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u884c\u661f\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u904e\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u624b\u6bb5\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a (3)\u3002 \u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0cMoore \u5c07\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u70ba \u201c\u7da0\u8272\u7b97\u8853 Green Arithmetic\u201d\uff0c\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u3002 \u5b83\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u8207\u5730\u7403\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u91cf\u5316\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u3001\u901a\u904e\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\u5206\u6790\u9032\u884c\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u5e02\u5834\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u9032\u884c\u88dc\u6551\u3002 \u5b83\u9084\u62bd\u8c61\u548c\u6982\u62ec\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u672c\u8cea\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4eba\u6027\u5177\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5229\u5bb3\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u8ca0\u64d4\u6216\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u7528 Daniel Hartley \u7684\u8a71\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u201c\u6b0a\u529b\u548c\u518d\/\u751f\u7522\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u201d\u5340\u5206\u7684\u975e\u6b77\u53f2\u5371\u6a5f ( p 155)\u3002 \u6b63\u5982 Justin McBrien \u6240\u8aaa : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">   &nbsp;     &nbsp; \u201c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16 Anthropocene\u201d \u5c07\u7576\u4ee3\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u4f5c\u70ba\u7269\u7a2e\u800c\u975e\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002 \u5b83\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u8cc7\u672c\u60f3\u8981\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u201c\u672c\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u884c\u661f\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002( p 119)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u8feb\u8aaa\u51fa\u5b83\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 \u9019\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff1b \u9019\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u6642\u4ee3\u6216\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16 Capitalocene&nbsp;\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c&#8217;<em>The Anthropocene and Its Discontents: Toward Chthulucene?&#8217;<\/em>\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5169\u7a2e\u5617\u8a66\u4f86\u8a55\u4f30\u8853\u8a9e\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u201d\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u985e\u5225\u3002 \u5b83\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u5b83\u5f9e\u8ac7\u8a71\u4e2d\u907a\u6f0f\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u74b0\u5883\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6 Eileen Crist \u5728 &#8220;On the Poverty of Our Nomenclature&#8221; \u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7a31\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5b83\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u9996\u5148\u5c0e\u81f4\u6c23\u5019\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u4ee5\u4eba\u985e\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002 \u5979\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u4f9d\u9644\u65bc\u90a3\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u53ad\u5026\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u2018\u4eba\u2019\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u59ff\u614b\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u62ef\u6551\u4ed6\u7684\u61c9\u8a31\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u500b\u70ba\u8cc7\u6e90\u751f\u7522\u800c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u661f\u7403\uff0c\u70ba\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u751f\u7522\u800c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u661f\u7403\u3002 \u63a7\u5236\u98a8\u96aa\u201d( p 23)\u3002 \u514b\u91cc\u65af\u7279\u62d2\u7d55\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u5efa\u8b70\u4e00\u500b\u66ff\u4ee3\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u7a31\u547c\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u50b3\u9054\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u76f8\u4e92\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u9858\u666f\u3002 \u201c\u8209\u8d77\u4eba\u985e\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u65d7\u5e5f\uff0c\u201d\u5979\u8aaa\uff0c\u201c\u9080\u8acb\u6211\u5011\u512a\u5148\u8003\u616e\u64a4\u9000\u548c\u7e2e\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u6b61\u8fce\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u68f2\u606f\u5730\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u9ad8\u3001\u66f4\u5177\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u8cea\u91cf\u201d ( p 29).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u50cf\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8b8a\u6210\u985e\u4f3c\u4ee5\u6575\u610f\u3001\u6230\u722d\u548c\u56de\u6b78\u4e8c\u5143\u5340\u5225\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u3002 \u54c8\u62c9\u7dad\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u6fc0\u9032\u6216\u66f4\u5bc4\u751f\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u5979\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6703\u64fe\u4e82\u7d14\u6f54\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u6b0a\u5229\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u963b\u7919\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u7684\u7279\u6b0a\u5730\u4f4d\u3002 \u4e8b\u696d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u597d\u7684\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u548c\u516c\u6b63\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u901a\u904e\u7834\u58de\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u4e2d\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u201c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u662f\u76f8\u95dc\u7684 . . \u8cc7\u672c\u6642\u4ee3\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u201d\uff08 p 54\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c&#8217;<em>Staying With the Trouble: Anthropocene, Capitalocene, Chthulucene<\/em>&#8216;  Donna J. Haraway \u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u5979\u5728\u6280\u8853\u3001\u5973\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u9818\u57df\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u201c \u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u201d\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u3002 \u5979\u66fe\u611f\u5606\u201c\u9019\u4e9b\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u662f\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u5167\u7684\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u7dca\u8feb\u6027\uff1a\u5927\u91cf\u6b7b\u4ea1\u548c\u6ec5\u7d55\u2026\u2026\u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u57f9\u990a\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\u2026\u2026\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u5730\u79fb\u958b\u8996\u7dda \u201d\uff08 p 39\uff09\u3002 \u4f5c\u70ba\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66ff\u4ee3\u8853\u8a9e\u201cChthulucene\u201d\uff0c\u8a72\u8853\u8a9e\u57fa\u65bc\u516b\u8db3\u6a39\u8718\u86db Pimoa Chthulu\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u901a\u904e\u89f8\u89ba\u548c\u8a31\u591a\u89f8\u624b\u4f86\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u751f\u7269\u3002 Haraway \u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u201c\u89f8\u624b\u6027\u201d\uff08\u722c\u884c\u7269\u3001\u6839\u8396\u3001\u771f\u83cc\u7e8f\u7d50\u3001\u6c34\u6bcd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4eba\u985e\u7b49\u591a\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u5171\u6709\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u6cbf\u8457\u7dda\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8cea\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u7dda\u2014\u2014\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7403\u9ad4\u4e0a\u201d ( p 36)\u3002 \u54c8\u62c9\u7dad\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u591a\u6975\u5316\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u958b\u653e\u3001\u5206\u4f48\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u201c\u5f26\u5716\u201d\uff08\u6216\u201csympoietic\u201d\uff0c\u74b0\u5883\u7814\u7a76\u54e1 Beth Dempster \u8a8d\u70ba\uff09\u601d\u7dad\u5c07\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u614b\u96e3\u984c\u5e36\u4f86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002 \u96d6\u7136 Haraway \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u8208\u596e\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u9014\u5f91\u4f86\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u9032\u884c\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u5979\u7684\u201c\u5f26\u5716\u201d\u601d\u7dad\u6a21\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u963b\u6b62\u6211\u5011\u751f\u7269\u5708\u4e2d\u65e5\u76ca\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u5d29\u6f70\u3002 \u6211\u500b\u4eba\u66f4\u559c\u6b61 Eileen Crist \u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u9818\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u6574\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u76f4\u622a\u4e86\u7576\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u8a71\u8a9e\u6240\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u8b70\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206 \u201cHistories of the Capitalocene\u201d \u548c \u201cCultures, States and EnvironmentMaking\u201d \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6b77\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u7248\u672c\uff0cMoore \u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5 \u63cf\u8ff0\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u7684\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u8a73\u8ff0\u9019\u7a2e\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u5011\u5404\u6709\u512a\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u64f4\u5c55 Moore \u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u7d00\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u8868\u8ff0\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3 Moore\u5728\u201c\u5ec9\u50f9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u201d\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u3001\u8cc7\u672c\u548c\u751f\u614b\u7684\u7db2\u72c0\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u96e3\u700f\u89bd\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c&#8217;<em>Histories of the Capitalocene&#8217;<\/em>\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e09\u7a2e\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u5730\u8cea\u548c\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u65e5\u76ca\u7dca\u5bc6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u3002 \u5ec9\u50f9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u7531\u7de8\u8f2f Jason W. Moore \u64b0\u5beb\uff0c\u91cd\u8907\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728 2015 \u5e74\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u7814\u7a76 \u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Capitalism-Web-Life-Ecology-Accumulation-ebook\/dp\/B00ONTS47A\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1M9TRVD054HJX&amp;keywords=Capitalism+in+the+Web+of+Life%3A+Ecology+and+the+Accumulation+of+Capital&amp;qid=1681526171&amp;sprefix=capitalism+in+the+web+of+life+ecology+and+the+accumulation+of+capital%2Caps%2C528&amp;sr=8-1\">Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u95dc\u9375\u9ede\u3002 \u5c0d Moore \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8a23\u7ac5\u5728\u65bc\u8b93\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u62bd\u50cf\u5dee\u7570\u6210\u70ba\u73fe\u5be6\u3002 \u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u547c\u61c9\u65e9\u671f\u74b0\u5883\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5c07\u7b2c\u4e00\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u81ea\u7136\u7d44\u7e54\u70ba\u7b1b\u5361\u723e\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u5021\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d71\u6cbb\u624b\u6bb5 ( p 84)\u3002 \u4e00\u65e6\u201c\u4eba\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u201d\u90fd\u88ab\u5283\u5206\u548c\u672c\u8cea\u5316\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u5916\u5316\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u548c\u632a\u7528\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u9a5a\u4eba\u5730\u201c\u5ec9\u50f9\u5316\u201d\u4efb\u4f55\u88ab\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u70ba\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u201c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5929\u624d\u3002 . . \u4e00\u76f4\u5c07\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u8996\u70ba\u201c\u514d\u8cbb\u79ae\u7269\u201d\u3002 . . \u8b93\u6574\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u90fd\u4ee5\u5ec9\u50f9\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\uff08 p 112\uff09\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9650\u65bc\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u3002 \u5ec9\u50f9\u81ea\u7136\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u5ec9\u50f9\u52de\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u9019\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u4f7f\u5f37\u52a0\u7d66\u5a66\u5973\u3001\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u7a2e\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u5316 ( p 91)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Moore \u6253\u7834\u4e86\u7da0\u8272\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u512a\u5148\u8003\u616e Marx \u7684\u50f9\u503c\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5c07\u52de\u52d5\u548c\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u7f6e\u65bc\u9996\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e02\u5834\u3001\u50f9\u683c\u548c\u8ca8\u5e63\u8655\u65bc\u6b21\u8981\u5730\u4f4d ( p 85)\u3002 \u201cMarx \u6bd4\u5927\u591a\u6578\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u66f4\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u2018\u6709\u6548\u2019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5c07\u5de5\u4f5c\u7d44\u7e54\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u904e\u7a0b\u201d\uff08 p 93\uff09\u3002 \u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d44\u7e54\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d44\u7e54\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u518d\u751f\u7522\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u689d\u4ef6\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\uff08 p 85\uff09\u3002 Moore \u8aaa\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f9e \u201c\u4e16\u754c\u7d93\u6fdf world-economy\u201d \u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba \u201c\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78 worldecology\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u3001\u516c\u5730\u5708\u5730\u4ee5\u53ca\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7570\u5316\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e3b\u7fa9\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0 ( pp 85-86)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moore \u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u65e2\u611f\u4eba\u53c8\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u3002 \u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u4e0d\u5141\u8a31\u74b0\u4fdd\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6210\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\u3002 \u56e0\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7d44\u7e54\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u5efa\u8a2d\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u4e8b\u696d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u201c\u7da0\u8272\u7684\u201d\u3002 \u9019\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u9003\u907f\u7684\u6771\u897f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u9003\u907f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002 \u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6975\u5927\u5730\u64f4\u5c55\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u6703\u5141\u8a31\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u5bbf\u547d\u8ad6\u548c\u53ad\u4e16\u8ad6\u3002 \u201c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u201dMoore \u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u5230\u4f86\u3002 \u73fe\u5be6\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u201c\u58d3\u5012\u4e86\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u529b\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5ec9\u50f9\u81ea\u7136\u6230\u7565\u7684\u7528\u76e1\u201d\uff08 p 113\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u6c99\u7058\u4e0a\u5283\u51fa\u4e00\u689d\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u754c\u7dda\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u627f\u8afe\u89e3\u653e\u548c\u56de\u6b78\u672a\u53d7\u7834\u58de\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u78ba\u5be6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5207\u5be6\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u7834\u58de\u7dad\u6301\u8cc7\u672c\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u5be6\u8e10\u4f86\u6311\u6230\u8cc7\u672c\u7d71\u6cbb\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u70ba\u89e3\u653e\u201c\u6240\u6709\u751f\u547d\u201d\u7684\u624b\u6bb5 ( p 114)\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6982\u62ec\u4eba\/\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u4e0b\u5c0d\u4eba\/\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u632a\u7528\u548c\u525d\u524a\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u6587\u672c\u4e26\u975e\u6c92\u6709\u5f9e\u6469\u723e\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e2d\u7e7c\u627f\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5167\u90e8\u56f0\u96e3\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5c0d Descartes \u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6fc0\u9032\u201c\u7da0\u8272\u201d\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5f80\u5f80\u542b\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u8edf\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4f86\u81ea\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4f86\u6e90 \u820a\u2014\u2014\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8a71\uff0cMoore \u4e16\u754c\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u64f4\u5c55\u548c\u5354\u4f5c\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002 \u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u6216\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff1f \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c0d\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u7684\u7671\u7613\u548c\u53ad\u4e16\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u901a\u904e\u6709\u5f62\u7684\u3001\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u548c\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\u3002 \u74b0\u5883\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u61c9\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Justin McBrien  \u7684 &#8216;<em>Accumulating Extinction: Planetary Catastrophism in the Necrocene&#8217; <\/em>&nbsp;\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7269\u7a2e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5fb9\u5e95\u6ec5\u7d55\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u7a4d\u7d2f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002 McBrien \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u65b0\u4e16\u4ee3\u662f\u4e00\u500b \u201c\u65b0\u6b7b\u4ea1 New Death\u201d \u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u63a5\u58e4\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86 John Bellamy Foster \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u614b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u8207\u5730\u7403\u4e4b\u9593\u7684 \u201c\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u88c2\u75d5 metabolic rift\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u5730\u7403\u7684\u58de\u6b7b\u904e\u7a0b \u6025\u65bc\u5c07\u6574\u500b\u5730\u7403\u7d0d\u5165\u8cc7\u672c\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002 McBrien \u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5c07\u6b7b\u9748\u4e16\u8207\u8ecd\u5de5\u806f\u5408\u9ad4\u6240\u5ba3\u63da\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u5f8c\u7684 \u201c\u707d\u96e3\u8ad6 catastrophism\u201d \u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5ee3\u5cf6\u548c\u9577\u5d0e\u8868\u73fe\u5f97\u6700\u70ba\u751f\u52d5\u3002 \u201c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u5f48\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u9ed1\u6697\u6c34\u53cd\u5c04\u3002 \u5b83\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u5fb9\u5e95\u6ec5\u7d55\u3002 \u5b83\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u5b83\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u4e16\u4ee3\u201d\uff08 p 124\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b77\u53f2\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0cElmar Atvater \u7684 &#8216;<em>The Capitalocene, or Geoengineering Against Capitalism\u2019s Planetary Boundaries&#8217;<\/em>\uff0c\u4ee5\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u5373\u63d0\u8b70\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u6c23\u5019\u7cfb\u7d71\u9032\u884c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u4ee5\u9650\u88fd\u6216\u9006\u8f49\u4eba\u70ba\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u3002 \u5927\u591a\u6578\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u6709\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6280\u8853\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u8b8a\u5f97\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff1b \u5305\u62ec\u8c37\u6b4c\u7684 Ray Kurzweil \u548c\u6c23\u5019\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6 Paul Crutzen \u5728\u5167\u7684\u5e7e\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u751a\u81f3\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u662f\u61c9\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0cAltvater \u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u690d\u6839\u65bc\u4ed6\u5c0d\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5167\u5728\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5ffd\u8996\u4e86\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6700\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u5ec9\u50f9\u6295\u5165\u7684\u6301\u7e8c \u201c\u62bd\u982d tap\u201d \u548c\u5ee2\u7269\u8f38\u51fa\u7684\u7121\u6210\u672c\u5916\u90e8\u5316\uff08\u201c\u532f sink\u201d\uff09\u3002 \u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u627f\u8afe\u901a\u904e\u70ba\u5176\u6210\u672c\u5b9a\u50f9\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u5916\u90e8\u5316\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u5f71\u97ff\uff1b \u4f46 Altvater \u8aaa\u9019\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u201c\u793e\u6703\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u95dc\u4fc2\u7121\u6cd5\u7528\u50f9\u683c\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u3002\u201d \u5f9e\u6574\u9ad4\u4e0a\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u5c07\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u5728\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0cAltvater \u8aaa\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u4fee\u5fa9\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u9ad4\u201d\uff08 p 151 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c&#8217;<em>Cultures, States and Environment-Making&#8217;<\/em>\uff0c\u5f9e\u5169\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5be9\u8996\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u5728\u5275\u9020\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u65b9\u9762\u3002 \u5728 &#8216;<em>Anthropocene, Capitalocene and the Problem of Culture&#8217;<\/em> \u4e2d\uff0cDaniel Hartley&nbsp;\u5c07\u6587\u5316\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u6f14\u8b8a\u7684\u3001\u5076\u7136\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u3001\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u3001\u667a\u529b\u6d3b\u52d5\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8faf\u8b49\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u201c\u6587\u5316\u53f2 Cultural history\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u5fc5\u9808\u5c07\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u5730\u7406\u4e0a\u7279\u5b9a\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u76f8\u4e92\u95dc\u4fc2\u8207\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u50cf\u5fb5\u6210\u5206\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u201d\uff08 p 163\uff09\u3002 Hartley\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u968e\u7d1a\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u7269\u8cea\u6c7a\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6697\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u672a\u5206\u5316\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u201d\u5728\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u201c\u6280\u8853\u767c\u660e\u548c\u6280\u8853\u767c\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00\u53f0\u7403\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6280\u8853\u3002 \u6b77\u53f2\u5f71\u97ff\u201d\uff08p 156\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8207 Hartley&nbsp;\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cChristian Parenti \u7684 &#8216;<em>Environment-Making in the Capitalocene: Political Ecology of the State&#8217; <\/em>\u8457\u773c\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u7d00\u5275\u9020\u689d\u4ef6\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u65b7\u8a00\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b \u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u5c0d\u9818\u571f\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u7dad\u6301\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u904b\u4f5c\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7db2\u7d61\u3002 Parenti \u56de\u9867\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u7a4d\u7d2f\u5275\u9020\u689d\u4ef6\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1aAlexander Hamilton\u7684 &#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gilderlehrman.org\/history-resources\/spotlight-primary-source\/hamilton%E2%80%99s-report-subject-manufactures-1791\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Report on Manufactures<\/em><\/a>, the Erie \u904b\u6cb3\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u5927\u904b\u6cb3\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u71b1\u60c5\u5730\u547c\u7c72\u5de6\u6d3e\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8a18\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u88fd\u5b9a\u53cd\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6230\u7565\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b \u201c\u70ba\u4e86\u6539\u9769\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u2014\u2014\u4e26\u8d85\u8d8a\u5b83\u2014\u2014\u5de6\u6d3e\u9700\u8981\u5c07\u570b\u5bb6\u7f6e\u65bc\u5176\u6230\u7565\u8003\u616e\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u548c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\uff08 p 182\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>&#8220;Anthropocene or Capitalocene?&#8221; <\/em>\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u7a31\u547c\u9019\u500b\u5947\u602a\u7684\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf6\u8cb4\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5947\u602a\u7684\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u662f\u7531\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u751f\u7269\u5708\u7684\u63a0\u596a\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u9019\u4e9b\u751f\u614b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u62ef\u6551\u5730\u7403\uff08\u53ca\u5176\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\uff09\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5e0c\u671b\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u5c0b\u627e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u751f\u7522\u548c\u6d88\u8cbb\u95dc\u4fc2\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6230\u5f8c\u4eba\u985e\u9032\u5165\u4e03\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u51b7\u6230\u800c\u81f4\u6771\u897f\u5c0d\u6297\u7684\u683c\u5c40\u5f9e\u672a\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u4f46\u6574\u9ad4\u793e\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u78ba\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u524d\u3002\u53ef\u5982\u4eca\u5f9e\u4fc4\u70cf\u6230\u722d\u5230 Emmanuel Macron \u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u800c\u81f3\u795e\u5947\u570b\u5ea6\u6df7\u6dc6\u89c0\u5ff5\u7684\u8086\u8650\u6a6b\u98db\uff1b\u800c\u81f3\u5730\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u6027\u90fd\u9810\u793a\u7740\u4eba\u985e\u5df2\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e16\u5ea6\u3002 21 \u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u516c\u773e\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u88ab\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\u6240\u4f54\u64da\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u5730\u8cea\u548c\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5ee3\u6cdb\u548c\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\u3002 \u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6 Eugene Stoermer \u5728 1980 \u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u4e16 Anthropocene\uff08\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u6c23\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005 Paul Crutzen \u5728 2000 \u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u958b\u5275\u6027\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u91cd\u8907\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u8cea\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e3b\u8981\u79d1\u5b78\u7d44\u7e54\u6b63\u5f0f\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u5c0d\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f55\u6642\u958b\u59cb\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f46\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u8868\u660e\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5f71\u97ff \u7cfb\u7d71\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u78ba\u4fdd\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u201d\u5c07\u7121\u9650\u671f\u56fa\u5b9a\u70ba\u516c\u5171\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u53d7\u904e Marx&nbsp;\u548c Engels &nbsp;\u751f\u614b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u50b3\u7d71\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u767c\u8d77\u4e86\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u542b\u84c4\u5730\u6307\u8cac\u5168\u4eba\u985e\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u548c\u7269\u7a2e\u55aa\u5931\u3001\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u5f71\u97ff \u3001\u6d77\u6d0b\u9000\u5316\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u780d\u4f10\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u751f\u7269\u5708\u9020\u6210\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u8cac\u602a\u5168\u4eba\u985e\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6578\u5341\u5104\u6700\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6d88\u8cbb\u548c\u6c61\u67d3\u5f88\u5c11\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u66f4\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c07\u8cac\u4efb\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u95dc\u4fc2\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u8a72\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5047\u8a2d\u7121\u9650\u7684\u8907\u5408\u589e\u9577 \u5728\u8cc7\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u7684\u661f\u7403\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u751f\u7522\u548c\u6d88\u8cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u201c\u8cc7\u672c\u65b0\u4e16\u201d\u3002 \u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7cfb\u5217\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u9084\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e16\uff1f \u81ea\u7136\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u7531 Jason W. Moore \u7de8\u8f2f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u751f\u614b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6279\u5224\u7684\u65b0\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u64f4\u5c55\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u751f\u614b\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4eba\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc Jasons Moore \u7de8\u8f2f\u7684\u5408\u96c6 &#8220;Anthropocene or &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/04\/15\/anthropocene-or-capitalocene-nature-history-and-the-crisis-of-capitalism\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2iS","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8858"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8859,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8858\/revisions\/8859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}