\u5c0f\u8aaa\u662f\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4f60\u7d93\u6b77”\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u4eba\u751f”\uff1b\u81f3\u5c11\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u800c\u8a00\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u90a3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f \u6587\u5b78\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u8ce6\u4e88\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u908f\u8f2f\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u600e\u9ebc\u8b8a\u4e86\uff1f\u9019\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8207\u96fb\u5f71\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86 Timothy Bewes \u7684 “Free Indirect: The Novel in a Postfictional Age<\/a><\/em>“\uff1a\u975e\u4e3b\u89c0\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f Bewes \u5728\u5c0f\u8aaa\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u5c0b\u627e\u7b54\u6848\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014\u6558\u8ff0\u8005\u3001\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u3001\u4eba\u7269\u6216\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014\u800c\u4e14\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5f62\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u3002 \u5f62\u5f0f\u53ea\u662f Bewes \u5728\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5c0f\u8aaa\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u975e\u51e1\u91cd\u65b0\u5be9\u8996\u4e2d\u6240\u6452\u68c4\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5e38\u898b\u6587\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6839\u64da Bewes \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u73fe\u6709\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u628a\u63e1\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u6839\u672c\u91cd\u69cb\uff0c\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u91cd\u69cb\u5f37\u5316\u4e86 \u201c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u6cd5\u4e3b\u89c0\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u601d\u60f3 a thought that cannot be inhabited subjectively\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Timothy Bewes \u7684 “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u7f8e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u908a\u754c\u4e0a\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5b83\u5c07 Mikhail Bakhtin \u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u81e8\u5225\u5efa\u8b70\u3001Gy\u00f6rgy Luk\u00e1cs \u672a\u958b\u767c\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3001Jacques Ranci\u00e8re \u5c0d Gilles Deleuze \u95dc\u65bc\u96fb\u5f71\u8207\u4e3b\u89c0\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6c7a\u88c2\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u53cd\u99c1\uff08\u9019\u8207\u76f4\u89ba\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u78ba\u8a8d\uff09\u4e32\u806f\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6d88\u6975\u5730 “\u507d\u9020” \u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5728\u5167\u90e8\u8cea\u7591\u5176\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002”Free Indirect<\/em>” \u5728\u62b5\u5236\u652f\u6490\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7d71\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u65b9\u9762\u9817\u5177\u722d\u8b70\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u65b7\u7136\u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u6700\u8fd1\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u547c\u7c72\u3002 \u7136\u800c Bewes \u7684\u526f\u6a19\u984c\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u66f8\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6838\u5fc3\u77db\u76fe\u548c\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\uff1a\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u5c0f\u8aaa\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bewes \u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u63d0\u8b70\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u5b57\u662f \u201c\u5f8c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7f8e\u5b78 postfictional aesthetics\u201d\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u865b\u69cb\u6027\u662f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u73fe\u5be6\u4f46\u4e0d\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u91cd\u5408\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u5f8c\u865b\u69cb\u7f8e\u5b78\u5247\u8b58\u5225\u51fa\u9019\u7a2e\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u5d29\u6f70\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u4eba\u7269\u548c\u60c5\u5883\u4e0d\u518d\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u4ee3\u8868\u6216\u6307\u793a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5404\u500b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u69cb\u6210\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u7528\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u9054\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u6697\u793a\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u671f \u2014\u2014 \u865b\u69cb\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u5f8c\u679c \u2014\u2014 Bewes \u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u5c0d\u865b\u69cb\u6027\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u5fae\u8abf\u5206\u6790\u6642\u7acb\u5373\u4f7f\u4e4b\u8907\u96dc\u5316\u3002 \u5728 “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8853\u8a9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u662f\u7531 Bewes \u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba \u201c\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2 \u2018instantiation relation\u201d\u3002 \u901a\u904e\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\uff0cBewes \u610f\u5473\u8457\u4efb\u4f55\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u8a71\u8a9e\u4f7f\u5be6\u9ad4\u5145\u7576\u66f4\u5927\u985e\u5225\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u7576\u5c0f\u8aaa\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u5716\u89e3\u6216\u4f8b\u8b49\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6642\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u901a\u904e\u7de9\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc Bewes \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9593\u9699\u4e2d \uff0c\u5b83\u624d\u80fd\u601d\u8003 Luk\u00e1cs \u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u548c\u8ae7 \u2018the fundamental dissonance of existence\u2019\u201d\u3002 \u6c92\u6709\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528 Bewes \u559c\u6b61\u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u7684 \u201c\u7e2b\u9699 \u2018interstices\u201d \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5 free Indirect’ \uff1f \u501f\u9452\u6587\u5b78\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6 Ann Banfield \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0cBewes \u5c07 ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’ \u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u70ba\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u6558\u4e8b\u8a71\u8a9e\u76f8\u5c0d\u5316\u7684\u521d\u671f\u8da8\u52e2\u3002 \u4e00\u4e9b\u6558\u4e8b\u53e5\u5b50\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8981\u6c42\u8a8d\u77e5\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u5728 ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’ \u98a8\u683c\u4e2d\uff0c\u64da\u7a31\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d\u6558\u8ff0\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u7531\u65bc\u6558\u4e8b\u8996\u89d2\u7684\u758f\u6563\u800c\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u6b0a\u5a01\uff0c\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b \u201c\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u89c0\u9ede views from nowhere\u201d \u662f \u201c\u7121\u6558\u8ff0\u8005 narratorless\u201d \u7684\uff0c\u6558\u8ff0\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u9818\u57df\u56e0\u6b64\u8b8a\u5f97\u7121\u6cd5\u903e\u8d8a\uff08 pp 75\u3001106 \uff09\u3002 \u6558\u4e8b\u6280\u8853\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\uff0c’\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’ \u53ef\u8207\u6558\u4e8b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5176\u908a\u7de3\u4e4b\u5916\u5016\u5b58\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u70ba\u4e86\u95e1\u660e\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u7368\u7279\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c Bewes \u8f49\u5411\u4e86\u5176\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002 Virginia Woolf \u7684 “Mrs. Dalloway<\/em>” \u7684\u958b\u5834\u767d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Dalloway \u592b\u4eba\u8aaa\u5979\u6703\u81ea\u5df1\u8cb7\u82b1\u3002 \u56e0\u70ba Lucy \u70ba\u5979\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u9580\u6703\u5f9e\u9278\u93c8\u4e0a\u53d6\u4e0b \u4f86\uff1b Rumpelmayer \u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u4e86\u3002 \u7136\u5f8c\uff0cClarissa Dalloway \u60f3\uff0c\u591a\u9ebc\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u65e9\u6668\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u9bae\u5f97\u5f77\u5f7f\u662f\u9001\u7d66\u6d77\u7058\u4e0a\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u5011\u7684\u3002”<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9019\u4e9b\u8a71\u662f\u5f9e\u54ea\u88e1\u4f86\u7684\uff1f \u5b83\u5011\u69cb\u6210\u4e86 Ann Banfield \u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8aaa\u7684\u53e5\u5b50 \u2018unspeakable sentences\u201d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u9593\u63a5\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u6558\u8ff0\u8005\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u6cd5\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8a71\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u66f8\u540d\u53e6\u6709\u6240\u6307\uff0c\u4f46 “Free Indirect<\/em> ” \u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’ \u98a8\u683c\u6a21\u68f1\u5169\u53ef\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u5b83\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u6558\u4e8b\u624b\u6bb5\u80fd\u5920\u9003\u907f\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u5be9\u7f8e\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0cBewes \u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u53ea\u6709 ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’ \u98a8\u683c\u624d\u503c\u5f97\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7576\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u898b\u8b49\u4e86\u5176\u5167\u5728\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u201c\u666e\u904d\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u601d\u60f3\u8005\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bewes \u7684\u66f8\u5411\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\u63d0\u51fa\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5c0d\u5c0f\u8aaa\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6216\u7591\u554f\u7684\u4ed4\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u505c\u7559\u5728\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5c64\u9762\u3002 \u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u9818\u57df\u7b49\u540c\u65bc \u201c\u975e\u6307\u7a31\u6027 nonreferentiality\u201d \u548c \u201c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6307\u7a31\u6027 greater referentiality\u201d\uff08\u9019\u88e1 Bewes \u5f15\u7528\u4e86 Catherine Gallagher \uff09\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08 pp 25\u300126 \uff09\u3002 Bewes \u5c07\u6b64\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2 instantiation relation\u201d\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u662f\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\u4f7f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5728\u5bc4\u751f\u65bc\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff08 p 5 \uff09\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u5c0b\u6c42\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f different order\u201d \u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5c0b\u6c42\u4e00\u7a2e\u6279\u8a55\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6279\u8a55\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c07\u4f7f\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5c0d\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u96e3\u4ee5\u8fa8\u8a8d\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u8fa8\uff08 p 13 \uff09\u3002 \u5982\u679c Gustave Flaubert \u7684\u300a\u5305\u6cd5\u5229\u592b\u4eba Madame Bovary<\/em>\u300b(1856) \u662f Ranci\u00e8re \u7684\u5178\u7bc4\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u7d30\u7bc0\u7684\u64f4\u6563\u5c31\u50cf \u201c\u7121\u8072\u7684\u4e8b\u7269 mute things\u201d\u4e00\u6a23\u5ba3\u544a\u771f\u5be6\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc Bewes \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5247\u662f J. M. Coetzee \u7684 Elizabeth Costello <\/em> (2003)\uff08 p 103 \uff09\u3002 Elizabeth Costello \u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u5305\u6cd5\u5229\u592b\u4eba<\/em>\u300b\u5c07\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8207\u6279\u8a55\uff08\u6216\u666e\u901a\uff09\u8a71\u8a9e\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u3001\u666e\u904d\u5316\u7684 ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’\uff0c\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f8c\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6558\u4e8b\u548c\u6279\u8a55\u8a71\u8a9e\u8b8a\u5f97\u96e3\u4ee5\u5340\u5206\u3002 \u9806\u4fbf\u8aaa\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u63d0\u9192\uff0c\u5373\u5c0f\u8aaa\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u95b1\u8b80\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u8b8a\u5f97\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\uff1f \u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u8207 Luk\u00e1cs \u5728\u4ed6\u7684 “Theory of the Novel”<\/em>\uff081916 \u5e74\uff09\uff08 Bewes \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u672c\uff09\u4e2d\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u7684\u6a5f\u667a\u8af7\u523a\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f \u9019\u7a2e\u8d85\u8d8a\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 Flaubert \u5f0f\uff09\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u8af7\u523a\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u8d85\u8d8a\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f \u6839\u64da Bewes \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u9019\u7a2e\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u7dad\u5ea6\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u7121\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u3002 \u5c0d\u5176\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5617\u8a66\u90fd\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u5931\u6557\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff1a\u963b\u6b62 Bewes\uff08\u901a\u904e Bakhtin\uff09\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5167\u5728\u908f\u8f2f\u7684 \u201c\u7d55\u5c0d\u5c0d\u8a71\u6027 absolute dialogicality\u201d\uff08 p 14 \uff09\u3002 \u201c\u5c0d\u8a71\u6027 Dialogicality\u201d \u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u5c0f\u8aaa\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u8d85\u8d8a\u6216\u53cd\u5c0d\u4efb\u4f55\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8907\u5408\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u9019\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457 “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba Bewes \u5c07\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u7d22\u5f15\u6027\uff08\u5176\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8996\u91ce\uff0c\u8207 Fredric Jameson \u6216 Luk\u00e1cs \uff09\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u61f7\u7591\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91cb\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u771f\u5be6\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u76e1\u7684\u8ffd\u554f\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5728\u88fd\u9020\u812b\u7bc0\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u6253\u958b\u4e00\u500b\u8ffd\u554f\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002 \u5c0d\u9019\u4f4d\u8b80\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cBewes \u95dc\u65bc\uff08\u7576\u4ee3\uff09\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6279\u5224\u548c\u6559\u5b78\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5c0f\u8aaa\u601d\u60f3\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6279\u5224\u7684\u65b7\u5c64\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5176\u6070\u7576\u7684\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728 Bewes \u53cd\u5fa9\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8207\u5c0f\u8aaa\u6279\u8a55\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u65b7\u5c64\u4e2d\uff09\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u601d\u60f3\u6bd4 Bewes \u4f3c\u4e4e\u5141\u8a31\u7684\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7372\u5f97\u3002 \u5728\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5206\u6b67\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c07\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8996\u70ba\u56fa\u5b9a\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u91cb\u7fa9\uff0c\u662f\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u3002 \u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u4e0a\u8b80\u4e00\u672c\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u554f\u984c\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff1f Bewes \u5f88\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u5730\u6566\u4fc3\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u505c\u6b62\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8cea\u7591\u6642\u4e0d\u8981\u53bb\u601d\u8003\u9019\u90e8\u5c0f\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c”Free Indirect<\/em>” \u4e0d\u95dc\u5fc3\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u6216\u518d\u73fe\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u95dc\u5fc3\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728\u6587\u5b78\u7522\u751f\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u985e\u5225\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5d29\u6f70\u5f8c\u6301\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u5c0f\u8aaa\u908a\u7de3\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u51fa\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u7bc4\u5f0f\u4e2d\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230 Bewes \u5c0d\u5c0f\u8aaa\u6240\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728 Ranci\u00e8re \u7684 \u201c\u5236\u5ea6 regimes\u201d \u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e0b\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002 \u9451\u65bc\u4ee3\u8b70\u5236\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u6587\u5b57\u6216\u5716\u50cf\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u5be9\u7f8e\u5236\u5ea6\u65e2\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5be9\u7f8e\u8868\u9054\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4e5f\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u88c2\u75d5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5bb9\u6613\u7522\u751f\u8af7\u523a\u610f\u5473\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8b8a\u5e7b\u83ab\u6e2c\u7684\u6697\u793a\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u90a3\u7a2e\u4e8c\u968e\u5224\u65b7\u3002 \u6700\u53d7 Flaubert \u8a8d\u53ef\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5be9\u7f8e\u5236\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u6216\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u7684\u6771\u897f\u6070\u6070\u662f\u901a\u904e\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\uff08 \u201c\u5c55\u793a show\u201d \u800c\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u8b1b\u8ff0 tell\u201d \uff09\u3002 \u7531\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6b67\u7fa9\u9810\u671f\u4e26\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u91cb\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f86\u4f7f\u5176\u542b\u7fa9\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u518d\u8209\u4e00\u500b Flaubert \u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8b93\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u61f7\u7591\u300a\u5305\u6cd5\u5229\u592b\u4eba\u300b\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u611a\u8822\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u6216\u4e00\u90e8\u95dc\u65bc\u611a\u8822\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Free Indirect” <\/em>\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u62b5\u5236\u6b77\u53f2\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5176\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u3002 \u96d6\u7136 Bewes \u6709\u6642\u6703\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u5206\u671f\u8ad6\u8b49 periodizing argument\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u96e3\u4e0d\u5c07\u865b\u69cb\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u554f\u984c\u3001\u610f\u7fa9\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u554f\u984c\u8996\u70ba\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8208\u8d77\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff08 p 13 \uff09\u3002 Bewes \u77e5\u9053\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684 \u201cFree Indirect<\/em>\u201d \u666e\u904d\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u8981\u6c42\u5b83\uff1a\u201c[Coetzee] \u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 . . \u5177\u6709\u8ffd\u6eaf\u529b\u201d\uff08 p 100 \uff09\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u8ffd\u6c42\u9019\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u66f4\u9577\u9060\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u89c0\u9ede\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u5408\u9069\u3002 Laurence Sterne \u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6 Zadie Smith \u7684 “On Beauty<\/em>” (2005) \u4ee5\u53ca\u8a72\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u61a4\u4e16\u5ac9\u4fd7\u8af7\u523a\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u501f\u9452\u6642\u88ab\u7c21\u55ae\u63d0\u53ca\u3002 Samuel Beckett \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6279\u8a55 Bram van Velde \u800c\u88ab “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u5f15\u7528\u3002Beckett \u4e5f\u662f Adorno \u7684 “Aesthetic Theory”<\/em>\uff081970\uff09\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u8a72\u6587\u672c\u5728 Bewes \u7684\u66f8\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u6d6e\u51fa\u6c34\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u7d93\u5178\u4e2d\u537b\u8207\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u5805\u4fe1\u7f8e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u5fc5\u7136\u6703\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u5373\u7406\u8ad6\u5fc5\u9808\u81ea\u77e5\u800c\u80cc\u53db\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\uff0c Bewes \u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u7dad\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u601d\u7dad\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u96e3\u4ee5\u63a5\u8fd1\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u8868\u5fb5\u4e2d\u9019\u7a2e\u88c2\u75d5\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u6216\u91cb\u7fa9\u5be6\u8e10\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cRachel Cusk \u7684 “Transit<\/em>” \u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u8005\u517c\u4f5c\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u5979\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u7bc0\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u7d72\u6beb\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6c92\u6709\u6697\u793a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002 J. M. Coetzee \u7684 “Elizabeth Costello<\/em>” \u7684\u5e7d\u9748\u822c\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u4ee5 Bewes \u7684\u9996\u9078\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5b83\u5728\u6558\u8ff0\u672c\u8eab\u4e2d\u76e1\u5feb\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u3002 \u4f46\u65e2\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e0d\u518d\u4ee5\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5462\uff1f \u7576\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u5c48\u5c0a\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u80fd\u5c0d\u4e00\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u8aaa\u4e9b\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0cBewes \u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u5e36\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6096\u8ad6\uff1a\u6700\u80fd\u9ad4\u73fe\u7576\u4e0b\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u600e\u9ebc\u6703\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u62d2\u7d55\u5178\u7bc4\u672c\u8eab\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5462\uff1f\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u8a62\u554f\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u523b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6b77\u53f2\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u523b\u6b77\u53f2\u5316 \u2014\u2014 \u5305\u62ec\u90e8\u5206\u8207\u6574\u9ad4\u76f8\u95dc\u3001\u5be6\u4f8b\u8207\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u201c\u6642\u523b\u201d\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5de5\u4f5c \u2014\u2014 \u4f3c\u4e4e\u7ad9\u4e0d\u4f4f\u8173\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u6279\u8a55\u5bb6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8aaa\u6c92\u6709\u7372\u5f97\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e5f\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u9019\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u5728\u91cd\u5efa\u5b83\u5011\u6240\u8868\u9054\u7684\u653e\u68c4\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2 \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bewes \u8010\u5fc3\u5730\u5c0d\u5f85\u9019\u500b\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u50f5\u5c40\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5f85\u5c0e\u81f4\u5b83\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u5805\u6301\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7bc0\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u9802\u5cf0\uff0cBewes \u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u601d\u60f3 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u53ef\u9084\u539f\u70ba\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6216\u5c0f\u8aaa\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u8868\u9054\u7684\u601d\u60f3 \u2014\u2014 \u5c31\u50cf\u96fb\u5f71\u4e2d Deleuze \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e00\u6a23 \uff1a\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b87\u5b99\u5728\u601d\u8003\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0a\u5f88\u96e3\u4e0d\u554f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7528\uff1f \u6216\u8005\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u8981\u5beb\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u5b83\u7121\u6cd5\u601d\u8003\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u66f8\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e5f\u8a31\u5c0d\u65bc Bewes \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u5b58\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5c31\u8db3\u5920\u4e86\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u6279\u8a55\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9eef\u6de1\u7684\u524d\u666f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\uff0c”Free Indirect<\/em>” \u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5c0d\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u5f92\u52de\u7684\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u7df4\u7fd2\u3002 \u5177\u6709\u8af7\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u76f4\u9762\u9019\u4e9b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u6096\u8ad6\uff0c Bewes \u4f7f\u7576\u4e0b\u8b8a\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\uff08\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u4eba\u5011\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u771f\u7684\u8981\u5d29\u6f70\uff0c\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u662f\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5beb\u51fa\u50cf “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u66f8\uff09\u3002 \u5728\u8ffd\u6eaf\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u4e3b\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c Bewes \u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u78ba\u5b9a\u4f7f\u9019\u9805\u4efb\u52d9\u5982\u6b64\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u9032\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728 “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5be6\u9a57\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0f\u8aaa\u672c\u8eab\uff09\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u7121\u6cd5\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u3002 Bewes \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u7d55\u975e\u53ef\u60b2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6700\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u601d\u60f3\uff1b \u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u9084\u539f\u70ba\u95dc\u65bc\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u6216\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u547d\u984c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u4f7f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5167\u5728\u5dee\u7570\u5316\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0cBewes \u5c07\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u89e3\u8b80\u70ba\u5b8c\u5168\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u8996\u89d2\u548c\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u65e2\u4fdd\u8b49\u4e86\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fdd\u8b49\u4e86\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u548c\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc Bewes \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u2014\u2014\u7121\u8ad6\u662f Bakhtin \u5728 Dostoyevsky \u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u6240\u7a31\u8b9a\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u8cea\u91cf\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8b93 Luk\u00e1cs \u770b\u5230\u7684 \u201c\u4eba\u7684\u7d42\u6975\u7121\u7528 ultimate futility of man\u201d \u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5118\u7ba1\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u4e00\u500b\u75f4\u8ff7\u65bc\u81ea\u8eab\u904e\u6642\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\uff08\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7406\u8ad6\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u4e0d\u50c5\u99c1\u65a5\u5176\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6697\u793a\u5176\u795e\u5316\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u611f\u5230\u9a5a\u8a1d\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u795e\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u5047\u8a2d Bewes \u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u6b63\u5728\u5230\u9054\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u9003\u907f\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u7248\u672c\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u624d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u795e\u5316\u3002 \u5728 “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u4e2d\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u540c\u610f\u9019\u4e00\u5047\u8a2d\u3002 \u5b83\u9003\u907f\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a72\u66f8\u5c0d\u8d85\u8d8a\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u4e5f\u5805\u6301\u5c07\u5176\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4ea4\u53c9\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u7248\u672c\uff0cKimberl\u00e9 Crenshaw<\/a> \u5c07\u5176\u8a2d\u60f3\u70ba\u5c0d\u201c\u4eba\u5011\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u975c\u614b\u8868\u73fe static representations of people\u2019s identities\u201d \u7684\u62b5\u6297\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u503c\u5f97\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002 \u6697\u793a\u4e00\u7a2e\u5be9\u7f8e\u5be6\u8e10\u6216\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u7372\u5f97\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u672c\u8cea\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u201c\u672c\u8cea\u201d\u4ee5\u67d0\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u7522\u751f\u9019\u7a2e\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5728\u975e\u4e3b\u89c0\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u601d\u8fa8\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6700\u6709\u75c7\u72c0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u201c\u63d2\u66f2\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d Bewes \u5c07\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u6bd4\u4f5c\u201c\u5074\u5beb\u201d\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u2014\u2014\u5f9e\u7a2e\u65cf\u5074\u5beb\u5230\u528d\u6a4b\u5206\u6790\u6848\u4f8b the Cambridge Analytica case<\/a>\u2014\u2014\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u4ed6\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u5316\u548c \u201c\u7d55\u5c0d\u7570\u8cea\u6027 absolute eterogeneity\u201d \u64fa\u812b\u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u529f\u52de\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u8faf\u8b77\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5c0d\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u719f\u6089 Bewes \u65e9\u671f\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5f9e\u672a\u4ee5\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u9a5a\u8a1d\uff0c\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5f9e “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002 \u6b63\u5982 Bewes \u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u8b49\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u986f\u7136\u662f\u7269\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8fd1\u89aa\uff0c\u5b83\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5176\u5802\u5144\u5c0d\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u548c\u52de\u52d5\u5206\u5de5\u7684\u56b4\u683c\u8868\u8ff0\u3002 \u6c92\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u6b77\u53f2\u53c3\u8003\u9ede\uff0c”Free Indirect<\/em>” \u5fc5\u9808\u5c0b\u6c42\u64fa\u812b\u4f5c\u70ba\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u548c\u5716\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u64fa\u812b\u7522\u751f\u5b83\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7d50\u69cb\u3002 \u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c Bewes \u8ce6\u4e88\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u66ab\u6642\u9003\u96e2\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u800c Adorno \u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u907f\u96e3\u6240\u4f4d\u65bc\u5be9\u7f8e\u9818\u57df\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u8a71\uff0c Bewes \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u8ffd\u5c0b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u7dad\u5ea6\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u6cd5\u8fa8\u8a8d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u5f0f\u627f\u8afe\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5e0c\u671b\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6c89\u6d78\u5728 ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’ \u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff08\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u78ba\u5207\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u62b5\u5236\uff09\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u3002Bewes \u5c0d\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\uff08Dorothy Hale\u3001Wayne Booth\u3001Caroline Levine\uff09\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u8207\u4ed6\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff08Zadie Smith\u3001W. G. Sebald\u3001Jesse Ball\uff09\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u4e00\u6a23\u7cbe\u95e2\u3002 \u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u66f8\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\u88ab\u4eba\u7269\u8a71\u8a9e\u5fb5\u53ec\u7684\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf Bewes \u5c0d Mark McGurl \u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u88cf\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cBewes \u6559\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u95b1\u8b80\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u548c\u5be6\u9a57\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u754c\u9650\u662f\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u3002 \u6b63\u5982 Bewes \u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u7a81\u7834\u9019\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u662f\u8b93\u601d\u60f3\u4fdd\u6301\u6d3b\u529b\u751a\u81f3\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u70ba\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002 \u5728 J. M. Coetzee\u3001Rachel Cusk\u3001James Kelman\u3001W. G. Sebald \u548c Zadie Smith \u7b49\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0cTimothy Bewes \u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u4ed6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba ‘\u81ea\u7531\u9593\u63a5’ \u7684\u601d\u7dad\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5c0d\u4e3b\u6d41\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u62d2\u7d55\u3002 \u5b83\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4eba\u7269\u6216\u6558\u8ff0\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u63a1\u7528\u4e3b\u89c0\u6216\u611f\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u767c\u5c55\u9060\u975e\u9810\u793a\u8457\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u9ad4\u88c1\u7684\u5230\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u88ab\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\uff1a\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e0b\u601d\u8003\u3002 “Free Indirect<\/em>” \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u81ea\u6211\u89ba\u9192\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u7576\u4eca\u601d\u60f3\u554f\u984c\u6700\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u5c0f\u8aaa\u662f\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4f60\u7d93\u6b77”\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u4eba\u751f”\uff1b\u81f3\u5c11\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u800c\u8a00\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u90a3\u5c0f\u8aaa\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f \u6587\u5b78\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u8ce6\u4e88\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u908f\u8f2f\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u600e\u9ebc\u8b8a\u4e86\uff1f\u9019\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8207\u96fb\u5f71\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u4e00\u500b\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86 Timothy Bewes \u7684 “Free Indirect: The Novel in a Postfictional Age“\uff1a\u975e\u4e3b\u89c0\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f Bewes \u5728\u5c0f\u8aaa\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u5c0b\u627e\u7b54\u6848\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014\u6558\u8ff0\u8005\u3001\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u3001\u4eba\u7269\u6216\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014\u800c\u4e14\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5f62\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u3002 \u5f62\u5f0f\u53ea\u662f Bewes \u5728\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5c0f\u8aaa\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u975e\u51e1\u91cd\u65b0\u5be9\u8996\u4e2d\u6240\u6452\u68c4\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5e38\u898b\u6587\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6839\u64da Bewes \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u73fe\u6709\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u628a\u63e1\u5c0f\u8aaa\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u6839\u672c\u91cd\u69cb\uff0c\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u91cd\u69cb\u5f37\u5316\u4e86 \u201c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u6cd5\u4e3b\u89c0\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u601d\u60f3 a thought that cannot be inhabited subjectively\u201d\u3002 Timothy Bewes \u7684 “Free Indirect” \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u7f8e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u908a\u754c\u4e0a\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5b83\u5c07 Mikhail Bakhtin \u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u81e8\u5225\u5efa\u8b70\u3001Gy\u00f6rgy Luk\u00e1cs … Continue reading