{"id":8916,"date":"2023-05-18T04:16:20","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T04:16:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8916"},"modified":"2023-05-18T04:16:25","modified_gmt":"2023-05-18T04:16:25","slug":"the-weirdest-people-in-the-world-how-the-west-became-psychologically-peculiar-and-particularly-prosperous-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/05\/18\/the-weirdest-people-in-the-world-how-the-west-became-psychologically-peculiar-and-particularly-prosperous-2\/","title":{"rendered":"The Weirdest People in the World: How the West Became Psychologically Peculiar and Particularly Prosperous"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u65e5\u524d\uff08\u4e94\u6708\u5341\u516d\u65e5\uff09\u767e\u5ea6\u516c\u4f48\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7533\u8acb\u5176 AI \u804a\u5929\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba “\u6587\u5fc3\u4e00\u8a00” \u7684\u5be9\u6279\uff1b\u4e00\u65e6\u901a\u904e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5411\u7528\u6236\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u63a8\u5ee3\u3002\u7576\u65e5\u665a\u9593\uff0c\u767e\u5ea6\u57f7\u696d\u9577\u674e\u5f65\u5b8f\u5728\u696d\u7e3e\u8aaa\u660e\u6703\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u92b7\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u5df2\u670920\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u548c\u76e3\u63a7\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u4e0d\u6703\u5728 \u201c\u91cd\u8981\u548c\u654f\u611f\u200b\u200b\u8a71\u984c\u201d \u4e0a\u72af\u932f\u3002 \u64da\u65b0\u6d6a\u8ca1\u7d93\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u767e\u5ea6\u7a31\u5728\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u958b\u767c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u5167\u90e8\u5c31\u8207\u76e3\u63a7\u4fdd\u6301\u8457\u5bc6\u5207\u6e9d\u901a\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5408\u898f\u4e0a\u6295\u5165\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u5be6\u4fdd\u6587\u5fc3\u4e00\u8a00\u7b26\u5408\u76e3\u7ba1\u8981\u6c42 \u3002 “\u6587\u5fc3\u4e00\u8a00” \u88ab\u8996\u70ba “\u4e2d\u570b\u7248 ChatGPT “\uff0c\u4f46\u5916\u754c\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u5be9\u67e5\u5c07\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u7522\u54c1\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u8def\u900f\u793e\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\uff0c “\u6587\u5fc3\u4e00\u8a00” \u62d2\u7d55\u56de\u7b54\u591a\u6578\u653f\u6cbb\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8207\u7fd2\u8fd1\u5e73\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u984c\u76ee\u3002\u4e0d\u904e \uff0c\u6839\u64da\u767e\u5ea6 Q1 \u8ca1\u5831\uff0c\u8a72\u7522\u54c1\u5df2\u878d\u5165\u767e\u5ea6\u65d7\u4e0b\u667a\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0\u5982\u6d41\uff0c\u5e73\u5747 5 \u79d2\u5c31\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u4e00\u500b\u96e3\u984c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u770b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e00\u5247\u5831\u5c0e\u771f\u4ee4\u4eba\u89ba\u5f97\u767e\u5ea6\u7684\u9ede\u5b50\u6709\u4e9b\u7368\u7279\u8a6d\u7570\u7684\uff08weird\uff1a\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u4e5f\u9808\u4e0d\u6703\u5728 \u201c\u91cd\u8981\u548c\u654f\u611f\u200b\u200b\u8a71\u984c\u201d \u4e0a\u72af\u932f\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u59a8\u8207 Joseph Henrich \u4e00\u9805\u5c0d\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u8a6d\u7570\u9ede\u5b50\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f5c\u5c0d\u6bd4\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u6574\u500b\u4eba\u7fa3\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u4f86\u627e\u51fa\u4e00\u822c\u898f\u5247\u3002\u54c8\u4f5b\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6 Joseph Henrich \u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c \u201cThe Weirdest People in the World, How the West became psychologically peculiar and particularly prosperous<\/a>\u201d \u4e2d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u897f\u65b9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5c0d\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u9032\u884c\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u89c0\u5bdf\u5168\u7403\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u6642\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u3001\u53d7\u904e\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b (\u7368\u7279\u8a6d\u7570 WEIRD) \u7684\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8207\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7576\u4ee3\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 \u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u500b\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u66f8\u5305\u62ec ‘The Evolution of Societies and Psychologies’ \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86 WEIRD \u4eba\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff1b ‘The Origins of WEIRD People’ \u793e\u6703\u5982\u4f55\u7e3d\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5b97\u6559\u4f86\u64f4\u5927\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u9019\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u66f8 “The Secret of Our Success: How Culture Is Driving Human Evolution, Domesticating Our Species, and Making Us Smarter<\/a><\/em>\u00a0” \u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff1b’New Institutions, New Psychologies’\u00a0\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u652f\u65b0\u6559\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u92ea\u5e73\u9053\u8def\uff1b’Birthing the Modern World’\u00a0\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u5982\u4f55\u57fa\u65bc\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8f49\u5316\u8a95\u751f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7368\u7279\u8a6d\u7570\u7684\u4eba WEIRD people \u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8ff7\u6200\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5c0e\u5411\u3001\u4e0d\u58a8\u5b88\u6210\u898f\u548c\u5584\u65bc\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u901a\u904e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u985e\u5225\u548c\u898f\u5247\u9032\u884c\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u6709\u8010\u5fc3\u548c\u52e4\u596e\uff0c\u5805\u6301\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u898f\u5247\u548c\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7d93\u5e38\u611f\u5230\u5167\u759a\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u5927\u591a\u6578\u975e WEIRD \u4eba\u90a3\u6a23\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u6065\uff09\u3002 \u70ba\u4e86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u81ea\u5df1\uff0cWEIRD \u4eba\u66f4\u95dc\u6ce8\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u8cac\u4efb\u548c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a2d\u7f6e WEIRD \u8207\u975e WEIRD \u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\u65e2\u662f\u9023\u7e8c\u7684\u53c8\u662f\u591a\u7dad\u7684 \u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5f9e\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7279\u5fb5\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u8a6d\u7570\u7684\u4eba\u8655\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u6975\u7aef\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6975\u7aef\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4ee5\u89aa\u5c6c\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u884c\u70ba\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53d7\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u95dc\u4fc2\u985e\u578b\u9650\u5236\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0cJoseph Henrich \u501f\u9452\u4e86\u5169\u4f4d\u5fb7\u570b\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Karl Ubl <\/a>(2008) \u548c Michael Mitterauer<\/a> (1991) \u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u4e8b\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6 Jonathan Schulz <\/a>(2020) \u7684\u8a08\u91cf\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u9a57\u8b49\u3002Joseph Henrich \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5dee\u7570\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u5c55\u7684\uff1f <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u985e\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5c08\u9580\u5f9e\u4ed6\u4eba\u90a3\u88cf\u7372\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u6587\u5316\u9032\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u898f\u7bc4\u88ab\u6574\u5408\u5230\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u82b1\u8cbb\u7684\u6642\u9593\u975e\u5e38\u9577\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5f80\u5f80\u7121\u6cd5\u5bdf\u89ba\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u5316\u6f14\u8b8a\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u65e8\u5728\u4fc3\u9032\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u89aa\u5c6c\u5229\u4ed6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u914d\u5c0d\u548c\u4e82\u502b\u53ad\u60e1\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6a5f\u69cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e ‘\u517c\u6027\u6548\u61c9  facultative effects’\uff08\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u523b\u6539\u8b8a\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u5224\u65b7\uff09\u3001\u6587\u5316\u5b78\u7fd2\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u7d93\u9a57\uff08\u9069\u61c9\u6a5f\u69cb\u5275\u9020\u7684\u6fc0\u52f5\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7372\u5f97\u793e\u6703\u8a8d\u53ef\uff09\u548c\u767c\u5c55\u5f71\u97ff\uff08\u7ae5\u5e74\u548c\u9752\u6625\u671f\u662f\u6642\u671f\uff09\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u8166\u7684\u5927\u8166\u767c\u80b2\uff0c\u7576\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u6b77\u6703\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7522\u751f\u5f37\u70c8\u5f71\u97ff\u6642\uff09\u3002( p 91 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u4ee5\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u524d\u73fe\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e5f\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u4ee5\u89aa\u5c6c\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u6c0f\u65cf\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u6c0f\u65cf\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u914b\u90a6\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u67d0\u4e9b\u6c0f\u65cf\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u6c0f\u65cf\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u6b0a\u529b\u548c\u8077\u4f4d\u7684\u64cd\u7e31\u548c\u7a4d\u7d2f\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5206\u5c64\u7684\u738b\u570b\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u5c55\u70ba\u524d\u73fe\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u738b\u570b\uff0c\u5728\u7cbe\u82f1\u7d71\u6cbb\u5bb6\u65cf\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u9918\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6c0f\u65cf\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u89aa\u5c6c\u5718\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u6a5f\u69cb \u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9032\u5316\u5c31\u50cf\u9ed1\u6697\u4e2d\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u904e\u5c71\u8eca\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u6c0f\u65cf\u62b5\u5236\u5f9e\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e26\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba ‘\u914b\u90a6\u9818\u5730 chiefdoms’ \uff0c\u800c\u914b\u90a6\u9818\u5730\u62b5\u5236\u5176\u4ed6\u914b\u90a6\u9818\u5730\u7684\u5f81\u670d\u548c\u540c\u5316\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u2026\u2026\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u65cf\u7fa3\u9593\u7af6\u722d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4efb\u4f55\u4fc3\u9032\u751f\u7522\u529b\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u751f\u80b2\u6216\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5404\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u50b3\u64ad\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6559\u6703\u5c0d\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u6642\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u65e9\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6700\u5ee3\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u5f88\u5c11\u5f37\u8abf\u4e82\u502b\u7981\u4ee4\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7e8c\u5230\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\uff0c\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5275\u59cb\u5bb6\u65cf\u6240\u6709\uff1b \u5df2\u5a5a\u7267\u5e2b\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u8ddf\u96a8\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u8077\uff1b \u96e2\u5a5a\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u5a5a\u59fb\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002 \u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u7684\u6210\u6587\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6cd5\u6700\u7d42\u512a\u5148\u65bc\u53e3\u982d\u50b3\u64ad\u7684\u95dc\u65bc\u5a5a\u59fb\u548c\u7e7c\u627f\u7684\u90e8\u843d\u7fd2\u4fd7\u3002 \u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u624d\u78ba\u5b9a\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u9700\u8981\u6559\u6703\u7684\u795d\u798f\u3002 \u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u65e9\u671f\uff08500-1000 \u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u76e3\u7763\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u796d\u53f8\u7684\u7368\u8eab\u751f\u6d3b\u3002 \u7981\u6b62\u96e2\u5a5a\u6216\u7981\u6b62\u5b78\u4f4d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4eba\u7d50\u5a5a\u7684\u7981\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u53cd\u5fa9\u91cd\u7533\uff0c\u9019\u8868\u660e\u6559\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u8457\u57f7\u884c\u5176\u898f\u5247\u7684\u9577\u671f\u8271\u82e6\u6230\u9b25\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u904b\u52d5\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7406\u60f3\uff0cJoseph Henrich \u7684\u767c\u73fe\u8868\u660e\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8b8a\u5c0d\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002 \u5c0d\u5a5a\u59fb\u8a08\u5283\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e0d\u80fd\u50c5\u50c5\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u72f9\u9698\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u5f37\u5316\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0cJoseph Henrich \u5c07\u5176\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u6559\u6703\u9818\u8896\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u88fd\u5ea6\u91ce\u5fc3 \u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u71b1\u60c5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u65e8\u5728\u963b\u6b62\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5169\u6975\u5206\u5316\u548c\u7531\u65bc\u91ce\u883b\u90e8\u843d\u4e4b\u9593\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u6230\u722d\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e0d\u65b7\u5d29\u6f70\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u4f5c\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u738b\u570b\u6216\u793e\u6703\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u8868\u89aa\u5a5a\u59fb\u7981\u4ee4\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8207 Karl Ubl \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c St. Augustine \u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u66f4\u52a0\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u5049\u5927\u667a\u529b\u6210\u5c31\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u5169\u6975\u5206\u5316\u3002 St. Augustine \u7684 “City of God” \uff0c\u5beb\u65bc\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u5c07\u6559\u6703\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u6230\u722d\u8207\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u6027\u8207\u5a5a\u59fb\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u61c7\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u7576\u6b63\u7fa9\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002 \u5728\u56db\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u4ed6\u90a3\u500b\u652f\u96e2\u7834\u788e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e26\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002 St. Augustine \u63a8\u65b7\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7531 caritas \u6216\u5e0c\u81d8\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684 agap\u0113 \u7d04\u675f\u7684\u793e\u5340\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u611b\u662f\u7121\u79c1\u7684\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u9762\u5411\u4eba\u985e \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b97\u6559\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u6a5f\u69cb\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u5c0d\u7fa3\u9ad4\u9593\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u7576\u795e\u5bb9\u6613\u61f2\u7f70\u4f60\u6642\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u793e\u6703\u5167\u5916\u50b3\u64ad\u9019\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5728\u7fa3\u9ad4\u9593\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\uff081\uff09\u4fc3\u9032\u7fa3\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8207\u548c\u8ae7 ( p 140)\uff0c\uff082\uff09\u66f4\u5584\u65bc\u76e3\u7763\u4eba ( p 141 )\uff0c\uff083\uff09\u6709\u61f2\u7f70\u4eba\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u795e\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u9752\u775e ( p 147 )\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u5c07\u4fc3\u9032\u793e\u6703\u7684\u64f4\u5927\u3001\u4eba\u8207\u793e\u5340\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4fc3\u9032\u7d93\u6fdf\u589e\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b97\u6559\u5c0d\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u591a\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u60f3\u8d77\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6642\u6703\u66f4\u52a0\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u7121\u79c1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u4e2d\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4fe1\u4efb\uff0c\u4f7f\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5a01\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u4e26\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u793e\u5340\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f9e\u6c0f\u65cf\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

WEIRD \u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u63a1\u7528\u548c\u63a8\u5ee3\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u3001\u7981\u4ee4\u548c\u898f\u5b9a\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8207\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u4ee5\u89aa\u5c6c\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u7af6\u722d\u3002\u901a\u904e\u7834\u58de\u4eba\u8207\u5b97\u65cf\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u88ab\u8feb\u737b\u8eab\u65bc\u6559\u6703\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6559\u6703\u64f4\u5f35\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6b50\u6d32\u90e8\u843d\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u958b\u5c55\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u8a08\u5283\uff08\u5802\u5144\u5f1f\u4e4b\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u5a5a\u59fb\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6536\u990a\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u518d\u5a5a\uff0c……\uff09\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u806f\u7e6b\u3002\u5b83\u52d5\u6416\u4e86\u7e7c\u627f\u548c\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u7684\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u6559\u6703\u5f9e\u672b\u4ee3\u738b\u671d\u7684\u6350\u8d08\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\uff08\u7d66\u4e88\u4ee5\u63db\u53d6\u4e0a\u5929\u5802\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff09\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d\uff08\u53ca\u5176\u5145\u5be6\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5176\u6467\u6bc0\u57fa\u65bc\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u820a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u5c0d\u897f\u65b9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5f37\u70c8\u800c\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f37\u5ea6\u8207\u89aa\u5bc6\u3001\u5faa\u898f\u8e48\u77e9\uff08Asch \u5be6\u9a57, p 44\uff09\u3001\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u4f4e\u7fa3\u9ad4\u5916\u4fe1\u4efb\u3001\u7f9e\u6065\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5167\u759a\u548c\u4f4e\u666e\u4e16\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4f86\u81ea\u89aa\u5c6c\u5236\u5ea6\u5bc6\u96c6\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u535a\u5f08\u4e2d\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u61f2\u7f70\u6642\u6c92\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff08\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u8f49\u5411\u5831\u5fa9\u884c\u70ba\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7e31\u89c0\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u6703\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u5f9e\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u8a08\u5283\u5230\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f37\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5230 WEIRD \u4eba\u7fa3\u4e2d\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8def\u5f91\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8f03\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u751f\u614b\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u56e0\u7d20\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c34\u7a3b\u7684\u7a2e\u690d\u7522\u91cf\u7279\u5225\u9ad8\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5927\u578b\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff08\u4ee5\u5efa\u8a2d\u548c\u78ba\u4fdd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u704c\u6e89\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\uff09\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8fb2\u696d\u96c6\u7d04\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u8207\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08\u7236\u7cfb\u6c0f\u65cf\uff09\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u500b\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u66f4\u52a0\u7dca\u5bc6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u8207\u6c34\u7a3b\u7a2e\u690d\u4e0d\u592a\u6709\u5229\u7684\u9130\u8fd1\u5730\u5340\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7279\u5fb5\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5bb6\u5ead\u8a08\u5283\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5236\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff08\u4f54\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u53e3\u7684 8%\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u5c0d\u7537\u6027\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u8377\u723e\u8499\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u901a\u904e\u6e1b\u5c11\u7537\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u66b4\u529b\u4e26\u9f13\u52f5\u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u548c\u6295\u8cc7\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joseph Henrich \u7684\u5929\u624d\u53ca\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u7684\u7368\u5275\u6027\u6e90\u6cc9\u5728\u65bc\u4ed6\u904b\u7528\u7576\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4f86\u63ed\u793a\u666e\u904d\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u5be6\u9032\u884c\u5206\u985e\u548c\u6b78\u985e\u3002 \u4ed6\u7d93\u5e38\u5f9e\u7d50\u679c\u5012\u63a8\u5230\u539f\u56e0\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u679c\u6559\u6703\u6c92\u6709\u5be6\u65bd\u5176\u5a5a\u59fb\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u6b50\u6d32\u793e\u6703\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u6a23\u5b50\u3002 \u4ed6\u5c07\u7576\u4ee3\u975e\u6b50\u6d32\u793e\u6703\u8207\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7d44\u7e54\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u6703\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002 \u901a\u904e\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u8150\u6557\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u670d\u5f9e\u3001\u5546\u696d\u98a8\u6c23\u3001\u5c0d\u516c\u5171\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3001\u975e\u500b\u4eba\u516c\u5e73\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u5167\u759a\u3001\u7f9e\u6065\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u5ea6\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u5dee\u7570\u3002 \u901a\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b58\u5225\u4ee5\u524d\u672a\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002 \u8b49\u64da\u6709\u529b\u5730\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u5728\u901a\u5f80\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\u4e2d\u6291\u5236\u201c\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f37\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5dee\u7570\u56e0\u8a31\u591a\u73fe\u8c61\u800c\u7570\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u5c0e\u81f4\u5c0d\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u5c0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6230\u722d\u5c0e\u81f4\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7fa3\u9ad4\u9593\u5408\u4f5c\u4e26\u52a0\u5f37\u898f\u7bc4\uff08\u793e\u6703\u548c\u5b97\u6559\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5f71\u97ff\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5177\u9ad4\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u6240\u6d89\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u5c31\u897f\u6b50\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u6230\u722d\u548c\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u8b70\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u884c\u6703\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u5927\u5b78\u548c\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u7b49\u65b0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u8207\u7531\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u806f\u7e6b\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u5f88\u5c11\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u5929\u624d\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u77e5\u8b58\u6d41\u52d5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u793e\u6703\u56e0\u7d20\u6709\u95dc\uff1a\u79fb\u6c11\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u3001\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3001\u5916\u8a9e\u77e5\u8b58\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u500b\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8207\u4fe1\u4efb\u3001\u62d2\u7d55\u9806\u5f9e\u3001\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5dee\u7570\u3001\u504f\u597d\u65b0\u5947\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5fc3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u7e41\u69ae\u7522\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7368\u7279\u8a6d\u7570\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78 \u2014\u2014 \u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5206\u6790\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u975e\u500b\u4eba\u89aa\u793e\u6703 \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5168\u9ad4\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u898f\u7bc4\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u5247\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c11\u4e3b\u548c\u4ee3\u8b70\u5236\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u4e5f\u662f WEIRD \u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u5c07\u4e3b\u9ad4\u53ca\u5176\u8207\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7f6e\u65bc\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5b97\u6559\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u5f37\u70c8\u5730\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u8207\u8b58\u5b57\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u89aa\u5c6c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5d29\u6f70\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u65b0\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u65b0\u793e\u6703\u898f\u5247\uff08\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u666e\u904d\u898f\u5247\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d93\u6fdf\u7e41\u69ae\uff08\u901a\u904e\u8cbf\u6613\u548c\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8207\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u806f\u7e6b\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u4f7f\u6b50\u6d32\u6a5f\u69cb\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u50b3\u64ad\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u548c\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u7b49\u66b4\u884c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joseph Henrich \u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7f3a\u9ede\u662f\u5b83\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u7dda\u6027\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u5c07\u7d50\u679c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7368\u7279\u8a6d\u7570\u5fc3\u7406\uff09\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u6559\u6703\u7981\u6b62\u8868\u89aa\u7d50\u5a5a\uff09\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u982d\u8166\u602a\u7570\u7684\u4eba\u5beb\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8def\u5f91\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u76f4\u7dda\u524d\u9032\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7406\u89e3\u6559\u6703\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5fa9\u96dc\u793e\u6703\u7db2\u7d61\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5171\u540c\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u793e\u6703\u7db2\u7d61\u3002 \u4f5c\u70ba\u69cb\u6210\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u897f\u65b9\u66f4\u5927\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e16\u4fd7\u6b0a\u529b\u3001\u57ce\u93ae\u3001\u6c11\u6cd5\u548c\u738b\u5ba4\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5468\u570d\u90a3\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u529b\u91cf\u62c9\u52d5\u7684\u6c38\u6046\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5728\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u9069\u61c9\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5728\u5c0a\u8cb4\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u6216\u6700\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u6751\u6c11\u4e2d\u65bd\u52a0\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f7f\u897f\u6b50\u7684\u653f\u6559\u52d5\u614b\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7368\u6a39\u4e00\u5e5f\u7684\u662f\u524d\u8005\u56e0\u5176\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u800c\u4eab\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u3002 \u5b83\u7684\u884c\u653f\u80fd\u529b\u9060\u8d85\u883b\u65cf\u570b\u738b\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7f85\u99ac\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u5bf6\u5eab\u3002 \u9019\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5206\u4f48\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u4eab\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u5177\u6709\u52d5\u54e1\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u555f\u767c\u7684\u667a\u529b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u7368\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u3002 \u70ba\u4e86\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u8207\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u901a\u5a5a\u7cbe\u82f1\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7687\u5ba4\u3002 \u53d7\u5230\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u4efb\u547d\uff0c\u541b\u4e3b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ba3\u7a31\u9ad8\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e16\u4fd7\u9818\u8896\uff0c\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u7687\u5bb6\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u4f9d\u8cf4\u571f\u5730\u8cb4\u65cf\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e26\u5f9e\u8fb2\u6c11\u4e2d\u62db\u52df\u6b65\u5175\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5438\u53d6\u50e7\u4fb6\u548c\u6559\u5340\u7267\u5e2b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u90e8\u6b77\u53f2\u7de8\u5e74\u53f2\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u9084\u4e0d\u5920\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u8df3\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u76db\u671f\u3002 \u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5c0d\u7814\u7a76\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u7368\u7279\u4e4b\u8655\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6210\u70ba 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u65e9\u671f\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002 \u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u66fe\u7d93\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u884c\u70ba\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u72f9\u9698\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002 \u5b83\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u975e\u73fe\u4ee3\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7d0d\u5165\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027 \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u662f Joseph Henrich \u5728\u5176\u8077\u696d\u751f\u6daf\u65e9\u671f\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joseph Henrich \u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u5730\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u7d93\u6fdf\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8207\u5176\u8868\u89aa\u5b78\u79d1\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u91cd\u65b0\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6587\u5316\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7f6e\u65bc\u4e2d\u5fc3\u821e\u53f0\u3002 \u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5927\u81bd\u4e3b\u5f35\u5c07\u4f7f\u4e00\u4ee3\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5fd9\u65bc\u8dd1\u56de\u6a94\u6848\u9928\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u53cd\u99c1\u6216\u4fee\u6b63\u5b83\u5011\u3002 \u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u65b0\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e26\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u91cd\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b58\u5b97\u6559\u5728\u5851\u9020\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u5b83\u9084\u61c9\u8a72\u8b93\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u6559\u6703\u5728\u9577\u671f\u6587\u5316\u8b8a\u9769\u4e2d\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8c50\u5bcc\u7d93\u6fdf\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u4e86 WEIRD \u4eba \u7684\u771f\u5be6\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8cea\u7591\u5229\u7528\u5176\u7d93\u9a57\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u65e8\u5728\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u5be6\u73fe\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6548\u7528\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u6587\u5316\u7368\u7279\u8a6d\u7570\u4eba\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f \u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u73fe\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\uff1f \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u9084\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u61f8\u800c\u672a\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5373\u7576\u4f60\u6eff\u8db3\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u4e4b\u4e00\u4f75\u4e14\u53ea\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u602a\u7570\u6642\u6703\u767c\u751f\u751a\u9ebc \u2014\u2014 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u6771\u4e9e\u7684\u9ad8\u7e3e\u6548\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u65b9\u9762\u537b\u6b20\u7f3a\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5c0d\u6bd4\u4e0a\u8ff0\u767e\u5ea6\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u8861\u91cf\u6210\u529f\uff1f\u6210\u529f\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6301\u7e8c\uff1f\u3002 \u7576\u89aa\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f37\u5ea6\u5c0e\u81f4\u5236\u5ea6\u7e3e\u6548\u767c\u751f\u5982\u6b64\u986f\u8457\u8b8a\u5316\u6642\uff0c\u751a\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u6cbb\u7406\u624d\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6fc0\u52f5\u9577\u671f\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8b8a\u9769\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0d\u793e\u4ea4\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c07\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5c55\u793a\u5927\u91cf\u4f86\u81ea\u81ea\u7136\u5be6\u9a57\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0cJoseph Henrich \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u7570\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u96a8\u8457\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9032\u5316\u800c\u6f14\u8b8a\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u8003\u616e\u5728\u5167\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u9805\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u6703\u7522\u751f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u61c9\u8a72\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u8003\u616e\u5fc3\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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