{"id":8973,"date":"2023-06-28T04:25:05","date_gmt":"2023-06-28T04:25:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8973"},"modified":"2023-06-28T04:25:10","modified_gmt":"2023-06-28T04:25:10","slug":"humiliation-and-other-essays-on-honor-social-discomfort-and-violence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/06\/28\/humiliation-and-other-essays-on-honor-social-discomfort-and-violence\/","title":{"rendered":"Humiliation: And Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1 William Ian Miller \u5728\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c08\u9580\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u51b0\u5cf6\u50b3\u5947\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u8457\u4f5c\u540d\u70ba &#8220;<em>B<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Bloodtaking-Peacemaking-Feud-Society-Iceland\/dp\/0226526798\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3IO94BCDY9LB1&amp;keywords=Bloodtaking+and+Peacemaking%3A+Feud%2C+Law%2C+and+Society+in+Saga+Iceland&amp;qid=1687925041&amp;sprefix=bloodtaking+and+peacemaking+feud%2C+law%2C+and+society+in+saga+iceland%2Caps%2C623&amp;sr=8-1\">loodtaking and Peacemaking: Feud, Law, and Society in Saga Iceland<\/a><\/em>&#8220;\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684 &#8220;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Humiliation-Thomas-Professor-William-Miller\/dp\/0801428815\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2ENLB5XJ1YVQE&amp;keywords=Humiliation%3A+And+Other+Essays+on+Honor%2C+Social+Discomfort%2C+and+Violence&amp;qid=1687926125&amp;sprefix=humiliation+and+other+essays+on+honor%2C+social+discomfort%2C+and+violence%2Caps%2C445&amp;sr=8-1\">Humiliation: And Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence<\/a><\/em>&#8221; \u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u50b3\u5947\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u6211\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u6cd5\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e4d\u4e00\u770b\uff0c &#8220;<em>Bloodtaking and Peacemaking&#8221; <\/em>\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u79e9\u5e8f\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u50b3\u5947\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u5fa9\u4ec7\u3001\u4fae\u8fb1\u548c\u4fae\u8fb1\u3001\u5ac9\u5992\u548c\u7f9e\u6065\u3001\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u5317\u6b50\u82f1\u96c4\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u90fd\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u653b\u64ca\u6027\u3002\u201c\u5f98\u5f8a\u5728\u4fae\u8fb1\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u201d\uff08 p 85 \uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8655\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u548c\u80a2\u9ad4\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u5c0a\u56b4\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\uff1a\u4e00\u689d\u817f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56e0\u6700\u8f15\u5fae\u7684\u4fae\u8fb1\u800c\u88ab\u96a8\u610f\u780d\u6389 \uff0c\u5c0d\u5225\u4eba\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6975\u5176\u654f\u611f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bba\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6709\u4eba\u8aaa\u50b3\u5947\u51b0\u5cf6\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u8207\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u5f9e\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e2d\u9000\u7e2e \uff0c\u50bb\u7b11\u3002 \u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u6700\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u69ae\u8b7d\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff1f \u5426\u5247\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91cb\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u6216\u7d10\u7d04\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u56e0\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u7a7f\u8457\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u984f\u8272\u800c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u5462\uff1f\u4e0d\u7136\u6211\u5011\u9084\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u63cf\u8ff0\u5e6b\u6d3e\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u9593\u99d5\u8eca\u69cd\u64ca\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u660e\u986f\u7121\u4f11\u7121\u6b62\u7684\u4fae\u8fb1\u548c\u5831\u5fa9\u5faa\u74b0\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">William Ian Miller \u6559\u6388\u7684 &#8220;<em>Humiliation&#8221; <\/em>\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5411\u6211\u5011\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8207\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u50b3\u5947\u7684\u69ae\u8b7d\u6587\u5316\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u90a3\u9ebc\u9059\u9060\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u6bd2\u8ca9\u3001\u7638\u5b50\u548c\u8840\u8165\u4ee5\u53ca\u653b\u64ca\u6027\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u50b3\u5947\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7f8e\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u627e\u5230\u4e86 Egil \u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u7269\uff0cEgil \u662f\u4e00\u540d\u7dad\u4eac\u6230\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a66\u5716\u6bba\u6b7b\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5411\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u79ae\u7269\uff08 pp 15-16 \uff09\uff0c\u800c Gudrun \u201c\u5fae\u7b11\u8457\uff0c\u8207\u90a3\u500b\u5728\u8eab\u4e0a\u64e6\u53bb\u8840\u8de1\u6591\u6591\u7684\u9577\u77db\u7684\u4eba\u96a8\u610f\u4ea4\u8ac7\u201d\u3002 \u201c\u4ed6\u6bba\u4e86\u5979\u4e08\u592b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u8170\u5e36\u5c31\u88ab\u6436\u8d70\u4e86\u201d\uff08 p 95 \uff09\uff0c\u5728 Ann Arbor ( Miller \u7684\u5c45\u5730\u5730) \u5e73\u975c\u7684\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u79ae\u8c8c\u5730\u53c3\u52a0\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u96de\u5c3e\u9152\u6703\u6216\u8b80\u66f8\u6703 \u3002 &#8220;<em>Humiliation&#8221; <\/em>\u5411\u5c01\u76ae\u5c07\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba \u201c\u5c0d\u53e4\u4ee3\u69ae\u8b7d\u6e96\u5247\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u9069\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u5be9\u8996\u201d\u3002 \u5728 Miller \u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u50b3\u5947\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u53c3\u8207\u6230\u9b25\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u6d6e\u8a87\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u3001\u611a\u8822\u7684\u6027\u9a37\u64fe\u8005\u3001\u8a66\u5716\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u9152\u5427\u91cc\u8aaa\u9ad2\u8a71\u7684\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5012\u9709\u7684\u665a\u5bb4\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u932f\u8aa4\u8a08\u7b97\u4e86\u5b69\u5b50\u61c9\u8a72\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u751f\u65e5\u9001\u4ec0\u9ebc\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u3002\u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c&#8221;<em>Humiliation&#8221; <\/em>\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u8b80\u8005\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u96d6\u7136\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u66b4\u529b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u8a31\u6700\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5728\u66f8\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\uff0cMiller \u5c07\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba \u201c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f54\u64da\u985e\u4f3c\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u201d\u3002 ( p 198 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9032\u884c\u9019\u7a2e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f Miller \u5c0d\u69ae\u8b7d\u6587\u5316\u66f4\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u99d5\u99db\u69cd\u5c04\u64ca\u7b49\u3002\u6065\u8fb1\u548c\u5c48\u8fb1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u5728\u50b3\u5947\u6587\u5b78\u4e2d\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u66b4\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u8868\u660e\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u50cf\u7dad\u4eac\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u8868\u660e\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e92\u52d5\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\u5c0d\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u5011\u8aaa\u8a71\u3001\u601d\u8003\u3001\u601d\u8003\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u50b3\u5947\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u638c\u63e1\u8457\u6211\u5011\u5728\u79ae\u8c8c\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u8aaa\u8a71\u3001\u601d\u8003\u548c\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0cMiller \u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u8b93\u66b4\u529b\u554f\u984c\u5b8c\u5168\u5f9e\u4ed6\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7a31\u70ba \u201cGetting a Fix on Violence\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6709\u95dc\u66b4\u529b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u4fae\u8fb1\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u66b4\u529b\u55ce\uff1f \u5a01\u8105\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4e0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u52d5\u9020\u6210\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff1f \u6cd5\u5f8b\u662f\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u55ce\uff1f\u66b4\u529b\u548c\uff08\u5408\u6cd5\uff09\u6b66\u529b\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u5340\u5225\u55ce\uff1f\u4ed6\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c0d\u6709\u95dc\u8a72\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u737b\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u662f\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u6700\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1b\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u5206\u6563\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5206\u6790\u4e3b\u7dda\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miller \u5728\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7e3d\u7d50\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u985e\u5225\uff0c\u4f46\u722d\u8b70\u5f80\u5f80\u8655\u65bc\u908a\u7de3\uff1a\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u201c\u66b4\u529b\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u53ef\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u6838\u5fc3 \u2014\u2014 \u7576\u62f3\u982d\u8207\u81c9\u76f8\u9047\u6642 \u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u201d \u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u8b70\u7a0b\u5360\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u201d\uff08 pp 7-8 \uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c \uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u4ed6\u5c07\u9019\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba \u201c\u7a81\u7834\u908a\u754c boundary-breaking\u201d\uff08  p 65 ) \u2014\u2014 \u66b4\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u9055\u53cd\u754c\u9650\u7684\u4eba \u2014\u2014 \u4ed6\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u6253\u7834\u7684\u754c\u9650\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7121\u53ef\u722d\u8b70\u5730\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6a21\u68f1\u5169\u53ef\u7684\u548c\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684 \uff08 p 60 \uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u6848\u4f8b\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5f62\u8c61 \uff0c\u201c\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u667a\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u8cea\u7591\u5c07\u4e92\u52d5\u8cbc\u4e0a\u66b4\u529b\u6a19\u7c64\u7684\u9069\u7576\u6027\u201d\uff08 p 59 \uff09\uff0c\u5468\u570d\u6709\u534a\u6697\u7684\u786c\u7bb1\u4e0d\u884c\uff1b \u722d\u8ad6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ef\u7af6\u722d\u6027\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u50cf \u201c\u66b4\u529b\u201d \u4e00\u6a23\u5145\u6eff\u793e\u6703\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Miller \u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6a23 \u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u8005\u660e\u78ba\u63d0\u53ca\u4e86\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c31\u6703\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u5df2\u7d93\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u2014\u2014 \u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3001\u958b\u653e\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7b49\u7b49 \u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\u66b4\u529b\u5206\u6790\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u554f\u984c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u53ea\u662f\u873f\u8712\u524d\u884c\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22 Miller&nbsp;\u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u201d\uff1b\uff08 p 55  \uff09 \uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u8207\u5f37\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\uff08 p 64  \uff09\uff1b\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u75db\u82e6\u90fd\u662f\u66b4\u529b\uff0c \u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u90fd\u662f\u75db\u82e6\u7684\uff08 pp 66-67 \uff09\uff1b\u9762\u5c0d\u9762\u7684\u906d\u9047\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u9060\u8ddd\u96e2\u4f7f\u7528\u81f4\u547d\u6280\u8853\u66f4\u66b4\u529b\uff08 p 69 \uff09\uff1b\u758f\u5ffd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6b98\u9177\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u66b4\u529b\u7684\uff08 p 70 \uff09\uff1b\u66b4\u529b\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bd4\u66b4\u529b\u7537\u6027\u66f4\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\uff08 p 73 \uff09\uff1b\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7d50\u679c\u3002 \u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u8a55\u4f30\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u8ad6\u9ede\u6c92\u751a\u9ebc\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u53d7\u5230\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u5373\u7576\u67d0\u4e9b\u906d\u9047\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u53d7\u5230\u8cea\u7591\u6642\uff0c\u7531\u8ab0\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a \u2014\u2014 \u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u3001\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u9084\u662f\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u3002\u8af8\u5982 \u201c\u8ab0\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff1f\u201d \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6216 \u201c\u8ab0\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u53d7\u5230\u512a\u5148\u8003\u616e\uff1f\u201d \u7957\u6709\u7576\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5851\u9020\u6642\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u7957\u6709\u7576\u67d0\u4eba\u7684\u5224\u6c7a \u2014\u2014 \u201c\u9019\u6b21\u906d\u9047\u662f\uff08\u6216\u4e0d\u662f\uff09\u66b4\u529b\u201d \u2014\u2014 \u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7522\u751f\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u5f71\u97ff\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u624d\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Miller&nbsp;\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u8207\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u806f\u7e6b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff08 p 78 \uff09\uff1a\u7a31\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u6709\u529b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u52d5\u70ba\u66b4\u529b\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8b74\u8cac\u5b83\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u7a31\u5176\u70ba\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u5247\u662f\u8a66\u5716\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u4f86\u5305\u570d\u5b83\u3002\u67d0\u7a2e Gandhi \u6216 Martin Luther King \u822c\u7684\u795e\u8056\u5149\u74b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u88ab\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u8b74\u8cac\u70ba\u975e\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7a31\u8b9a\u70ba\u5408\u6cd5\uff1b\u7531\u65bc &#8220;\u66b4\u529b&#8221; \u4e00\u8a5e\u5f59\u96c6\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u548c\u95dc\u5207\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u6e96\u78ba\u5730\u63d0\u8acb\u4eba\u5011\u6ce8\u610f\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u554f\u984c \u201c\u8ab0\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff1f\u201d  \u7957\u6709\u7576\u6574\u500b\u793e\u6703\u9700\u8981\u5728\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u63a1\u53d6\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7522\u751f\u67d0\u7a2e\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u5b98\u65b9\u9858\u610f\u8207\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u898b\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u9032\u884c\u8ac7\u5224\u7b49\u653f\u6cbb\u5f8c\u679c\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u624d\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u554f\u3002\u7957\u6709\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u624d\u9700\u8981\u554f\uff1a\u201c\u8ab0\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8868\u5fb5\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6bd4\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u51b0\u5cf6\u66f4\u66b4\u529b\u55ce\uff1f\u7f8e\u570b\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u50b3\u5947\u6545\u4e8b\u6bd4\u5317\u6b50\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u50b3\u5947\u6545\u4e8b\u66f4\u66b4\u529b\u55ce\uff1fMiller&nbsp;\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u60f3\u9032\u884c\u9019\u7a2e\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u6216\u8de8\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u904e\u53bb\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u9084\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u5f7c\u5cb8\u7684\u8349\u662f\u5426\u66f4\u7da0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5426\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u5bb6\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5373\u5c07\u5230\u4f86\uff0c\u544a\u77e5\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6a19\u6e96\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c07\u8207\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u6578\u91cf\u548c\u8cea\u91cf\u6709\u95dc\u3002 \u3002 \u3002 \u3002&#8221; \uff08 p 7 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">William Ian Miller \u8a8d\u70ba\u61c9\u8a72\u62b5\u5236\u9019\u7a2e\u8a98\u60d1\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u65e9\u4e9b\u6642\u5019\u8ac7\u5230\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684 \u201c\u7121\u53ef\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u201d \u2014\u2014 \u201c\u62f3\u982d\u78b0\u81c9\u201d \u7b49\u7b49 \u2014\u2014 \u4f46\u4ed6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u672b\u5c3e\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u9032\u884c\u9019\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8a2d\u5099 \u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u50c5\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u76f4\u89ba \u201c\u7531\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6982\u5ff5\u5c64\u9762\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u7d44\u6210\u201d\uff08 p 90 \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u7684 \u201c\u66b4\u529b\u201d \u4e00\u8a5e\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u201c\u66b4\u529b\u554f\u984c\u201d \u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5783\u573e\u5834\uff0c\u6db5\u84cb\u5f9e\u9ad4\u80b2\u5230\u8650\u5f85\u5152\u7ae5\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u53e4\u632a\u5a01\u8a9e\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8a5e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6db5\u84cb\u6211\u5011\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u570d\u3002\u5c31\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u3002 \u6cd5\u8a9e\u4e2d\u8a72\u8a5e\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u6838\u5fc3\u7528\u6cd5\u5728\u82f1\u8a9e\u4e2d\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u96b1\u55bb\u6027\u7684\u3001\u6709\u50be\u5411\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5ef6\u4f38\u7684\u3002\uff08 p 91 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u653e\u68c4\u6bd4\u8f03\u66b4\u529b\u6e2c\u91cf\u7684\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u6bd4\u8f03\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u64cd\u4f5c\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u50b7\u5bb3\u3001\u6230\u9b25\u3001\u8105\u8feb\u6216\u6050\u61fc\uff09\u7684\u6e2c\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u63d0\u51fa\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u9019\u4e9b\u6216\u6216\u5176\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u65bc\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u9069\u7576\u7dad\u5ea6\u3002\u514d\u65bc\u6050\u61fc\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u7981\u6b62\u80a2\u9ad4\u885d\u7a81\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u554f\u54ea\u500b\u793e\u6703\u66f4\u9069\u5408\u751f\u6d3b\u6642\uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebd\u6211\u5011\u7684\u64d4\u6182\u61c9\u8a72\u6210\u70ba\u8a66\u91d1\u77f3\u5462\uff1f \u70ba\u751a\u9ebd\u4e0d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u554f\uff1a\u201c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa \u2014\u2014 \u5e36\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8 \u2014\u2014 \u5fc5\u9808\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u6703\u662f\u751a\u9ebd\u6a23\u5b50\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u6bd4\u8f03\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u6df1\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u554f\u984c \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6bd4 Miller \u6307\u51fa\u7684\u554f\u984c\u66f4\u6df1\u5c64\u6b21\u3002\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1f \u9664\u4e86\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6176\u5e78\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u9084\u80fd\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u7fa9\u5462\uff1f\u7f8e\u570b\u662f\u5426\u6bd4\u65b0\u897f\u862d\u66f4\u9069\u5408\u5c45\u4f4f\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u53bb\u5230\u90a3\u88cf\u3002\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u8ab0\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u51b0\u5cf6\u662f\u5426\u6bd4\u7f8e\u570b\u66f4\u9069\u5408\u5c45\u4f4f\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u9019\u88cf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9047\u5230\u4e86 Bernard Williams \u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/philosophicaldisquisitions.blogspot.com\/2020\/04\/can-we-morally-judge-past-on-williamss.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8ddd\u96e2\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6 the<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/philosophicaldisquisitions.blogspot.com\/2020\/04\/can-we-morally-judge-past-on-williamss.html\" target=\"_blank\">relativism of distance<\/a>\u201d ( &#8220;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Ethics-Limits-Philosophy-Bernard-Williams\/dp\/067426858X\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1ZBCL22LDB4SX&amp;keywords=Ethics+and+the+Limit+of+Philosophy&amp;qid=1687926177&amp;sprefix=ethics+and+the+limit+of+philosophy%2Caps%2C524&amp;sr=8-1\">Ethics and the Limit of Philosophy<\/a><\/em>&#8221; , p 162 )\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u5c0d\u6bd4\u662f\u5426\u6703\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u9808\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e00\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u5c07\u904e\u8457\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3002 \u3002 \u3002 \u4eba\u985e\u66fe\u7d93\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u89c0\u9ede\u73fe\u5728\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u9752\u9285\u6642\u4ee3\u914b\u9577\u6216\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u6b66\u58eb\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u904e\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u8a8d\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u50f9\u503c\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6fc0\u767c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u4e9b\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e00\u5c0f\u7fa4\u72c2\u71b1\u8005\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u9805\u76ee\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u91cd\u73fe\u90a3\u7a2e\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u8a55\u50f9\u6027\u5224\u65b7\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5be6\u969b\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u4e5f\u8b8a\u5f97\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e5f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u50cf \u201c\u66b4\u529b\u201d \u9019\u6a23\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u8a55\u50f9\u6210\u5206\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u5176\u542b\u7fa9\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u7ffb\u8b6f\u7684\u9084\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u65bc\u6587\u5316\u7684\u3001\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u9084\u662f\u7121\u53ef\u722d\u8b70\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u767c\u751f\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc \u201c\u54ea\u500b\u793e\u6703 \u2014\u2014 \u51b0\u5cf6\u9084\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3 Ann Arbor \u2014\u2014 \u66b4\u529b\u66f4\u597d\u9084\u662f\u66f4\u5c11\uff1f\u201d\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6c92\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8a62\u554f\u6216\u8a66\u5716\u56de\u7b54\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u4e26\u4e0d\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u548c\u5dee\u7570\u6027\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002 \u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6bdb\u5229\u6230\u58eb\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u50cf\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5317\u6b50\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6b50\u6d32\u6b96\u6c11\u8fb2\u6c11\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u6bdb\u5229\u6230\u58eb\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8207\u5f8c\u8005\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u624d\u503c\u5f97\u63a2\u8a0e\uff1a\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u6bdb\u5229\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6216\u6210\u70ba\u7dad\u4eac\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u8003\u616e\u662f\u5426\u662f\u7dad\u4eac\u4eba\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u597d\u6216\u66f4\u5dee\u3002 \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u7528 Bernard Williams \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5340\u5225\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5169\u500b\u76f8\u4f3c\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u6297 \u2014\u2014 \u6bdb\u5229\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u7dad\u4eac\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f \u2014\u2014 \u7d14\u7cb9\u662f \u201c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u201d\uff1b \u800c\u6bdb\u5229\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u6297\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5c0d\u6297\u201d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u9078\u64c7\u548c\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u7a2e\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u50c5\u9069\u7528\u65bc&nbsp;Miller \u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ed6\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u5176\u9918\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u5408\u9069\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u67d0\u500b\u904e\u53bb\u6216\u9059\u9060\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u90a3\u500b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u76ee\u7684\u4e0a\u8207\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u5f0f\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u6bd4\u6027\u3002\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u540c\u6a23\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8207\u53e4\u5178\u96c5\u5178\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u8207\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u51b0\u5cf6\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e00\u6a23\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u5426\u8a8d\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6587\u5b78\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b78\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6771\u897f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c&nbsp;Euripides\u7684\u6232\u5287\u53ef\u4ee5\u6559\u6703\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u611b\u60c5\u3001\u4e8b\u6545\u3001\u7126\u616e\u3001\u5fa9\u4ec7\u548c\u58ae\u843d\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u7528\u80f8\u91dd\u6216\u523a\u778e\u6575\u4eba\u7684\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6559\u6703\u6211\u5011\u9019\u4e9b\u3002\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u737b\u796d\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u795e\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0cMiller \u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u65a7\u982d\u548c\u9577\u77db\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e0d\u662f\u793e\u4ea4\u906d\u9047\u5a01\u8105\u67d0\u4eba\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u4ea4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f86\u5b78\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6771\u897f\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u4ee5\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6a19\u8a18\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u601d\u8003\u9019\u4e9b\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u6a19\u8a18\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u5011\u66f4\u7acb\u5373\u719f\u6089\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5e73\u975c\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u3002Miller \u5728\u66f8\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u8aaa\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u8b80\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u6211\u5011\u65e5\u5e38\u906d\u9047\u4e2d\u6700\u7121\u5bb3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u793e\u6703\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u201d\uff08 p 204 \uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u9084\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u5011\u81f3\u5c11\u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\uff1a\u201c\u9019\u7a2e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u5371\u96aa\u201d \u2014\u2014 \u6216\u8005\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u6771\u897f \u2014\u2014 \u201c\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u654f\u92b3\u5730\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u8af8\u5982\u69ae\u8b7d\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u6771\u897f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u201d\uff08 p 204 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56db<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u66f8\u540d &#8220;<em>Humiliation: And Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence<\/em>&#8221; \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Miller \u5206\u6790\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d \u4e00\u8a5e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u4e00\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\uff08 \u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u6065\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d \uff09\u6216\u4e00\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\uff08 \u201c\u4ed6\u9a37\u64fe\u6211\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4ed6\u201d \uff09\u3002Miller \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9996\u5148\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u8207\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u67d0\u4e9b\u5916\u8868\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5916\u8868\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u8a66\u5716\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u5916\u8868\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u5916\u8868\u7684\u7a81\u7136\u5d29\u6f70\u6216\u840e\u7e2e\uff0c\u5f9e\u793e\u6703\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5916\u8868\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5c24\u5176\u8207\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u9069\u5408\u67d0\u4e9b\u6392\u540d\u6216\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5916\u8868\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u6cd5\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u4eba\u4e2d\u4ee5\u67d0\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ed6\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff1b\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6cd5\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u90a3\u9ebc\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u6559\u6388\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u65b9\u5f0f\u6703\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u6cd5\u5b78\u9662\u9662\u9577\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u9019\u88cf\u7684\u5916\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5f9e\u8457\u88dd\u3001\u8209\u6b62\u3001\u8a5e\u5f59\u5230\u554f\u5019\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u719f\u6089\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u8ac7\u8a71\u958b\u59cb\u3001\u7e7c\u7e8c\u548c\u7d50\u675f\u7684\u6163\u4f8b\u7684\u9075\u5b88\u3002\u7576\u9019\u7a2e\u81ea\u6211\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u51fa\u73fe\u5931\u8aa4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7576\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u771f\u5be6\u65b9\u9762\u88ab\u63ed\u9732\u6642\uff0c\u8207\u6240\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6216\u7dca\u5f35\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u672a\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8207\u4ed6\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6240\u64d4\u4efb\u7684\u8077\u4f4d\u6216\u89d2\u8272\u76f8\u7a31\u7684\u5916\u8868\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0cMiller \u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e0d\u50c5\u6d89\u53ca\u5916\u8868\u7684\u4e0b\u6ed1\uff0c\u9084\u6d89\u53ca\u81ea\u8ca0\u7684\u524a\u5f31\u3002 \u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u8a66\u5716\u5be6\u73fe\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6b0a\u505a\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u201d\uff08 p 145 \uff09\u3002 \u5728\u5b78\u8853\u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\u8868\u73fe\u5f97\u50cf\u4e00\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u6559\u6388\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u672a\u80fd\u5411\u4ed6\u6253\u62db\u547c\u6216\u8a8d\u51fa\u4ed6\u800c\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff08 pp 149-51 \uff09\u3002\u6216\u8005 \uff0c\u7576\u4e00\u7fa4\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u6027\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u9053\u8def\u8207\u5979\u5011\u76f8\u9047\u6642\u5927\u7b11\u6642\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u6027\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff08 p 139 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u7a2e\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7c21\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u559c\u5287\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u6a02\u65bc\u770b\u7a7f\u865b\u69ae\u6216\u81ea\u8ca0\uff0c\u6a02\u65bc\u5f9e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u60f3\u50cf\u5192\u540d\u9802\u66ff\u8005\u8fd1\u4e4e\u7d55\u671b\u7684\u6399\u624e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4ed6\u6240\u5851\u9020\u7684\u5916\u8868\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u7684\u507d\u88dd\u5728\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6d29\u6c23\u6642\u523b\u5d29\u6f70\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5316\u70ba\u6ce1\u5f71\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u6b61\u7b11\u4e5f\u662f\u7f9e\u8fb1\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u73fe\u5728\u88ab\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u50c5\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\uff08\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u6216\u5510\u749c\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u3002 \u5047\u88dd\u4e0d\u662f\uff08\u4e00\u500b\u9bae\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u8d77\u773c\u7684\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5192\u540d\u9802\u66ff\u8005\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u507d\u88dd\u8005\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5632\u7b11\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u51fa\u919c\u7684\u4eba\uff08 p 144 \uff09\u3002 \u9019\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u547d\u4e0d\u51e1\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u7d42\u5728\u5225\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u9060\u4f4e\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u4e0d\u6eff\u610f\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">William Ian Miller \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u6065\u8fb1\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u5340\u5225\u3002\u7f9e\u8fb1\u8207\u672a\u80fd\u8868\u9054\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u67d0\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\u6216\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4f46\u907f\u514d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u53ea\u662f\u722d\u53d6\u69ae\u8b7d\u5c0a\u91cd\u7684\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u69ae\u8b7d\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u7279\u6b0a\u7684\u554f\u984c \uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7279\u6b0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5b83\u9084\u6d89\u53ca\u57f7\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4efb\u52d9\u3001\u627f\u8a8d\u67d0\u4e9b\u8077\u8cac\u3001\u9075\u5b88\u67d0\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u8f9c\u8ca0\u67d0\u4e9b\u671f\u671b\u3002\u7f9e\u6065\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u672a\u80fd\u6eff\u8db3\u9019\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u6642\u6240\u9677\u5165\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6230\u58eb\u4e2d\uff0c\u602f\u61e6\u6216\u672a\u80fd\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89aa\u4eba\u5831\u4ec7\u90fd\u662f\u7f9e\u6065\u7684\u4e8b\uff1b\u5c0d\u65bc\u5546\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7834\u7522\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7b49\u50f9\u7684\uff1b\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u6065\u8fb1\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u5305\u62ec\u6284\u8972\u3001\u904e\u591a\u7684\u9000\u7a3f\u55ae\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6027\u9a37\u64fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miller \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5340\u5206\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u6065\u8fb1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a8\u6e2c\u7f9e\u6065\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u7d42\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7f9e\u6065\u8207\u5c48\u8fb1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u689d\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u793e\u6703\u5206\u5316\u548c\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\u8db3\u4ee5\u5f15\u767c\u865b\u507d\u548c\u6500\u722c\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u3002 \u81ea\u547d\u4e0d\u51e1\u7684\u559c\u5287\u5728\u82f1\u96c4\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u626e\u6f14\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u81ea\u8ca0\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff1a\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u81bd\u5c0f\u9b3c\u6642\u537b\u5047\u88dd\u52c7\u6562\u3002 \u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u5316\u548c\u7b49\u7d1a\u68ee\u56b4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u547d\u4e0d\u51e1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5448\u5e7e\u4f55\u7d1a\u6578\u589e\u9577\u3002( pp 198-99) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ed6\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u7f9e\u6065\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u9069\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u8fa8\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u6216\u793e\u6703\u60c5\u5883\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u8a5e\u3002\u8ac7\u8ad6\u67d0\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u53ef\u6065\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u4ed6\u61c9\u8a72\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u6065\uff0c\u9019\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u597d\u7b11\u3002\u7f9e\u6065\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e9b\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u9055\u898f\u884c\u70ba\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u9ed1\u6697\u800c\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0b\u6d41\u559c\u5287\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Falstaff_(opera)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">John Falstaff<\/a>\uff0c\u6216\u8005 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.folger.edu\/explore\/shakespeares-works\/twelfth-night\/read\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Twelfth Night<\/em><\/a>&#8221; \u4e2d\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/shakespeare\/twelfthnight\/character\/malvolio\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Malvolio<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1 Miller \u5f37\u8abf\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u559c\u5287\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u5728\u6d6e\u8a87\u7684\u632b\u6557\u611f\u4e2d\u6240\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u559c\u6085\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6b61\u7b11\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\u7e3d\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b98\u9177\u7684\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u8e22\u5012\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c89\u8ff7\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u5feb\u6a02\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u6b63\u7fa9\u548c\u61c9\u5f97\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u5fc5\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7f3a\u4e4f\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\u5c0b\u627e\u85c9\u53e3\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6176\u8cc0\u81ea\u5df1\u70ba\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u52de\u52d5\uff0c\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u670d\u52d9\u3002( p 149 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5f9e\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u4ee5\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0cMiller \u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u53c3\u8207\u9019\u7a2e\u96c6\u9ad4\u66b4\u884c\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff08 pp 1-5 \uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u7fa3\u540c\u4e8b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4ed6\u5011\u8b80\u66f8\u5c0f\u7d44\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u7c97\u9b6f\u800c\u81ea\u547d\u4e0d\u51e1\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5bc6\u8b00\u5728\u8f2a\u5230\u4ed6\u4e3b\u6301\u5c0f\u7d44\u6703\u8b70\u6642\u4e0d\u53bb\u4ed6\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u7d04\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u4e00\u5169\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u5f8c\u7d66\u4ed6\u6253\u96fb\u8a71\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u4ed6\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u5bb6\u88e1\u89c0\u770b\u96fb\u8996\u4e0a\u7684\u7c43\u7403\u6bd4\u8cfd\u3002\u9019\u500b\u96fb\u8a71\u8b93\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u7121\u6cd5\u56e0\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u641e\u932f\u4e86\u7d04\u6703\u800c\u611f\u5230\u5b89\u6170\u3002\u770b\u4f86\u9019\u4f4d\u53d7\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u518d\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u52a0\u5165\u904e\u9019\u500b\u5718\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8b80\u8005\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u8b1b\u8ff0\u61c9\u8a72\u6703\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u6b61\u6a02\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7f9e\u8fb1\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u559c\u5287\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u8feb\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u958b\u73a9\u7b11\uff0c\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u50b3\u5947\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u6392\u65a5\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7d00\u5f8b\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7b11\u5f97\u6bd4\u7b11\u8a71\u61c9\u5f97\u7684\u66f4\u53b2\u5bb3\u3002\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u69cb\u5efa\u4e86\u6cbe\u6cbe\u81ea\u559c\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8d85\u7406\u667a\u5316\u9748\u9b42\u5df2\u7d93\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u914d\u5f97\u4e0a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ee5\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7dad\u4eac\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u8655\u65bc\u524d\u5de5\u696d\u6642\u4ee3\u3002( p 3 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56de\u60f3\u8d77\u4f86\uff0cMiller \u53c3\u8207\u9019\u4e00\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u7531\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\u9019\u500b\u9109\u5df4\u4f6c\u627e\u4e0a\u9580\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u8a72\u7537\u5b50 \u201c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6b98\u9177\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u5c0d\u5f85\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u50c5\u71b1\u60c5\u597d\u5ba2\u6703\u7522\u751f\u56de\u5831\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5192\u72af\u548c\u653b\u64ca\u4e5f\u6703\u7522\u751f\u56de\u5831\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u201d\uff08 p 5 \uff09\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u7684\u5192\u72af\u548c\u653b\u64ca\u50c5\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u7121\u80fd\u548c \u201c\u5411\u4eba\u5011\u8b1b\u6388\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u81ea\u6bba\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u984c\u4e0a\u88ab\u56b4\u91cd\u8aa4\u5c0e\u201d\uff08 p 2 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u9019\u88cf\u6709\u6b63\u7fa9\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u7dad\u8b77\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e00\u4e9b\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u7dad\u6301\u7684\u6392\u540d\u6216\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u76f8\u95dc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u793e\u5340\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4f60\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u6839\u64da\u4f60\u5c0d\u76f8\u95dc\u5224\u65b7\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f60\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u4f60\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7121\u6cd5\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u60a8\u5c07\u53d7\u5230\u61f2\u7f70\u3002( pp 142-143 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u81ea\u547d\u4e0d\u51e1\u7684\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53d7\u5230\u61f2\u7f70\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u9075\u5b88\u8207\u69ae\u8b7d\u898f\u7bc4\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u2014\u2014 \u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u7bc4\u662f\u7d93\u904e\u8271\u82e6\u596e\u9b25\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5340\u5225\u548c\u7b49\u7d1a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u793e\u6703\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u4efb\u7531\u500b\u4eba\u865b\u69ae\u6216\u6d6e\u8a87\u7684\u7a81\u767c\u5947\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c07\u554f\u984c\u6b78\u7d50\u70ba\u500b\u4eba\u9055\u53cd\u7fa3\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\u53ef\u80fd\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u6c7a\u69ae\u8b7d\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u50b3\u5947\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u554f\u984c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u7fa3\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u7262\u56fa\u7dad\u8b77\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u5049\u5927\u6230\u58eb\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u503c\u5f97\u5c0a\u91cd\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\uff1a\u4ed6\u5fc5\u9808\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e26\u57f7\u884c\u4ed6\u61c9\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u9019\u6a23\u505a \u5c31\u8a72\u5718\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8de1\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u7562\u7adf\u7121\u6b0a\u7372\u5f97\u9019\u4e00\u5730\u4f4d\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u69ae\u8b7d\u6bd4\u5718\u9ad4\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u8ac7\u8ad6\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\u66f4\u52a0\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002\u9019\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u7dad\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u5730\u4f4d\u6642\u7684\u8b66\u60d5\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u50b3\u5947\u82f1\u96c4\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3001\u8a8d\u53ef\u548c\u4fae\u8fb1\u7684\u7570\u5e38\u654f\u611f\u548c\u654f\u611f\u3002 \u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5730\u4f4d\u6216\u69ae\u8b7d\u6c92\u6709\u793e\u6703\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a\u6211\u7121\u6cd5\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u884c\u5c55\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f86\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6230\u58eb\u3002 \u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6230\u58eb\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5168\u795e\u8cab\u6ce8\u65bc\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8a8d\u53ef\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6230\u58eb\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u6210\u70ba\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005\u90a3\u6a23 \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u5230\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u6392\u540d\u6216\u6210\u5c31\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u5b83\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u63a8\u52d5\u8005\u201d \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u53ea\u6709\u8868\u73fe\u5f97\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u63a8\u52d5\u8005\u548c\u63a8\u52d5\u8005\u624d\u80fd\u7dad\u6301\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5225\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u53bb\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e94<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u500b\u666e\u904d\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u662f\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5e73\u7b49\u5c0d\u5f85\u5f7c\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5f85\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u597d\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u3002 \u5c31\u6211\u5011\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5e73\u7b49\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c31\u6211\u5011\u50c5\u50c5\u57fa\u65bc\u4eba\u6027\u800c\u8ce6\u4e88\u4eba\u5011\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b0a\u5229\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Gregory Vlastos (<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Studies-Greek-Philosophy-Vol-tradition\/dp\/069101938X\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=MTRDEH7FBBMC&amp;keywords=Studies+in+Greek+philosophy+vol+2&amp;qid=1687926214&amp;sprefix=studies+in+greek+philosophy+vol+2%2Caps%2C438&amp;sr=8-1\">Studies in Greek philosophy vol 2<\/a><\/em>. Princeton: Princeton , 1995, Ch 3, Equality and Justice in Early Greek Cosmologies ) \u6240\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011 \u201c\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7a2e\u59d3\u793e\u6703\uff08\u5177\u6709\u7368\u7279\u7684\u7a2e\u59d3\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u57fa\u65bc\u5c0d\u529f\u7e3e\u7684\u7cbe\u7d30\u5340\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u982d\u7b49\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u5df2\u8b8a\u5f97\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5340\u5225\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8cb6\u4f4e\u5b83\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u7279\u6b0a\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u6211\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u5c0a\u56b4\u7b49\u7d1a\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u8207\u904e\u53bb\u4e16\u8972\u8cb4\u65cf\u6240\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8c6a\u8a00\u58ef\u8a9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u9019\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u671f\u671b\u69ae\u8b7d\u548c\u6065\u8fb1\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u50c5\u8868\u73fe\u70ba \u201c\u6392\u540d\u793e\u6703\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5f8c\u679c\u201d\uff08 p 142 \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u8207\u666e\u901a\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6392\u540d\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u793e\u6703\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1 Miller \u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8208\u8da3\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u79ae\u8c8c\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u7463\u788e\u81ea\u8ca0\u548c\u6d29\u6c23\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u78ba\u5be6\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u5169\u9801\u7684\u654f\u92b3\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed6\u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u5927 H \u7f9e\u8fb1 Humiliation with a big H,\u201d\uff08 p 165 \uff09\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002\u9177\u5211\u8005\u6216\u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\u770b\u5b88\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;\u90a3\u500b\u53ef\u6015\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5047\u88dd\u6d29\u6c23\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u559c\u5287\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u985b\u5012\u7684\u8650\u5f85\u72c2\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u81ea\u8ca0\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7121\u7406\u5730\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u793e\u6703\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u6bd4\u5176\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u9177\u5211\u5be6\u65bd\u8005\u3001\u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\u770b\u5b88\u6240\u8072\u7a31\u7684\u6c11\u65cf \u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7a2e\u65cf\u6ec5\u7d55\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u85c9\u53e3\u3002\uff08 p 165 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9177\u5211\u8005\u544a\u8a34\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\u662f \u201c\u6240\u6709\u793e\u6703\u898f\u7bc4\u5728\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u6642\u90fd\u88ab\u61f8\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u201d\uff08 p 167 \uff09\u3002\u4f46 Miller \u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u4e8b\u696d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u9084\u5728\u65bc\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u5177\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8feb\u505a\u51fa\u81f3\u5c11\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u8207\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u884c\u70ba \u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u9000\u5316\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u500b\u50cf\u8001\u9f20\u4e00\u6a23\u884c\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u51fa\u65bc\u5169\u500b\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u539f\u56e0 \uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4ed6\u7684\u9177\u5211\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff1a\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u50cf\u8001\u9f20\u4e00\u6a23\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u8499\u7f9e\uff1b\u56e0\u70ba\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u96bb\u8001\u9f20\uff0c\u4ed6\u5047\u88dd\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8001\u9f20\u7684\u53ef\u6065\u548c\u50b2\u6162\u7684\u63a8\u5b9a\u201d\u3002\uff08 p 166 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95dc\u65bc\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7149\u7344\uff0c\u9177\u5211\u80fd\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u64d4\u5fc3\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6210\u70ba\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u793e\u6703\u5916\u8868\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u67d0\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u96e3\u8207\u6211\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5c0a\u56b4\u5730\u4f4d\u76f8\u8abf\u548c\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u61c7\u6c42\u5bec\u6055\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u5931\u53bb\u8eab\u9ad4\u6a5f\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u5176\u6c23\u5473\u611f\u5230\u754f\u61fc\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u64c1\u6709\u8207\u8a72\u5730\u4f4d\u76f8\u4f34\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u7279\u6b0a\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u5c0a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u8655\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8de1\u8c61\uff1a\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5e36\u6709\u67d0\u7a2e\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u67d0\u7a2e\u8207\u5e73\u7b49\u4f46\u9ad8\u8cb4\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u76f8\u9069\u61c9\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u6301\u6216\u627f\u64d4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5e73\u7b49\u5c0a\u56b4\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u50b3\u7d71\u8a00\u8fad\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\u66f4\u70ba\u5076\u7136\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u5ba3\u7a31\u4e00\u7b49\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3001\u666e\u904d\u7684\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u525d\u596a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c &#8220;<em>Humiliation: And Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence<\/em>&#8221; \u7684\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u90a3\u9ebc\u50be\u5411\u6027\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5708\u5b50\u88cf\u7684\u53d7\u4eba\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5be6\u8e10\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8077\u696d\u3001\u958b\u5c55\u696d\u52d9\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u793e\u4ea4\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6210\u54e1\u8cc7\u683c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u69ae\u8b7d\u57fa\u7dda\uff1b\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0a\u8dcc\u843d\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u7b49\u7d1a\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u67d0\u7a2e\u707d\u96e3\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u8ca1\u5bcc\u3001\u8072\u8b7d\u3001\u793e\u6703\u6216\u5b78\u8853\u5be6\u529b\u7d44\u7e54\u51fa\u5177\u9ad4\u6392\u540d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u69ae\u8b7d\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7576 Miller \u89c0\u5bdf\u5230 \u201c\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u69ae\u8b7d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u614b\u5ea6\u662f\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9032\u653b\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u6027\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7372\u53d6\u6027\u7684\u201d \u6642\uff08 p 204\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u662f\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u6bd4\u7af6\u722d\u5730\u4f4d\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60f3\u4f86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e5f\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u968e\u7d1a\u6216\u968e\u5c64\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u8207\u4eba\u5011\u9032\u884c\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7dad\u6301\u8457\u53d7\u4eba\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u7fa3\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u57fa\u7dda\u3001\u548c\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a72\u57fa\u7dda\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u5730\u4f4d\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u5206\u5c64\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 Miller \u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u7684\u666e\u904d\u9069\u7528\u6027\u90a3\u6a23\u611f\u5230\u5c37\u5c2c\u3002\u4ed6\u8b19\u865b\u5730\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5305\u542b \u201c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f54\u64da\u985e\u4f3c\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u3001\u67d0\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u201d\uff08 p 198 \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u8b19\u865b\u5730\u8868\u793a \uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u9ede\u662f \u201c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u719f\u6089\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ed6\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35 \u201c\u61c9\u8a72\u53ea\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6211\u6240\u8eab\u8655\u7684\u72f9\u9698\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u6216\u53d7\u904e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u793e\u5340\u201d\uff08 p 13 \uff09\u3002\u7126\u9ede\u7684\u72f9\u7a84\u6027\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u9019\u7576\u7136\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4ed6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u7406\u7531\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5728\u51b0\u5cf6\u50b3\u5947\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7f8e\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u985e\u6bd4\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u6574\u500b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u540c\u8cea\u3001\u7dca\u5bc6\u3001\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1b\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6070\u7576\u985e\u6bd4\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u500b\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u540c\u8cea\u6216\u76f8\u5c0d\u7dca\u5bc6\u7684\u7fa3\u9ad4\u6216\u968e\u5c64\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u7576\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u4efb\u4f55\u7fa3\u9ad4 \u2014\u2014 \u4f8b\u5982\u57ce\u5e02\u9ed1\u4eba\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8fb2\u6751\u8fb2\u6c11\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0d\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u69ae\u8b7d\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u7fa3\u9ad4\uff0cMiller \u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u5c31\u6703\u6709\u554f\u984c\u3002\u901a\u904e\u95dc\u6ce8\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u54e1\u6700\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8207\u50b3\u5947\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u5145\u6eff\u69ae\u8b7d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u7684\u7fa3\u9ad4\uff0cMiller \u8655\u7406\u4e86\u6700\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff1a\u69ae\u8b7d\u5728\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u666e\u904d\u4f54\u64da\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e9b\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u89e3\u91cb\u3002Miller \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u3002 \u4ed6\u5beb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;\u6211\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u72f9\u9698\u7d93\u9a57\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u96e3\u4ee5\u6aa2\u9a57\u7684\u3002\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u611f\u89ba\u3001\u9810\u611f\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u5c0d\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u8b58\u5225\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9055\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u548c\u9075\u5b88\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u4e0d\u9069 \u3001\u7c21\u55ae\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u81ea\u6211\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u5c37\u5c2c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4ea4\u548c\u6b21\u8981\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u75db\u82e6 \u4e36\u5931\u6557\u3002(pp 133-34)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">William Ian Miller \u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u6709\u95dc\u62db\u5f85\u548c\u9001\u79ae\u7fd2\u4fd7\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6700\u80fd\u9ad4\u73fe\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u5834\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u9670\u6697\u3001\u6bb7\u52e4\u548c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u201d\uff08 pp 5-6 \uff09\uff1b\u9019\u8207\u83ef\u4eba\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u4e5f\u4e00\u69d8\uff1f\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u70ba\u56b4\u82db\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u79ae\u7269\u6a19\u699c\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u81ea\u767c\u5584\u610f\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8d08\u9001\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u5834\u5408\u548c\u898f\u6a21\u53d7\u5230\u76f8\u7576\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u7d04\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u8207\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\u6709\u95dc\uff1a\u8d08\u9001\u9069\u7576\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7e3d\u662f\u4e92\u60e0\u904a\u6232\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u7522\u751f\u800c\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u6216\u8cbb\u7528\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7aef\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\u8d08\u9001\u79ae\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u52a0\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u5c0d\u65b9\u4ee5\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u7d66\u4e88\u56de\u5831\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e0d\u9078\u64c7\u5728\u8a72\u7d1a\u5225\u767c\u8d77\u4ea4\u63db\uff0c\u5247\u8a72\u79ae\u7269\u5c07\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u8ca0\u64d4\u548c\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u4fae\u8fb1\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u6028\u6068\u3002Miller \u7b46\u4e0b\u7684\u5317\u6b50\u82f1\u96c4\u5011\u56e0\u70ba\u9060\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u800c\u4e92\u76f8\u6b98\u6bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u4ee5\u5a01\u8105\u6216\u66b4\u529b\u4f86\u56de\u61c9\u79ae\u7269\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u5e38\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u8996\u70ba\u7169\u60f1\u3002 Miller \u7279\u5225\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u662f\u4ee5\u665a\u9910\u9080\u8acb\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u62db\u5f85\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u98f2\u6599\u3002\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u79ae\u5100\u5c0f\u59d0\u201d \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u9080\u8acb\u53ca\u5176\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u4e92\u60e0\u548c\u7fa9\u52d9\u898f\u7bc4\uff08 pp 25-35 \uff09\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u662f\u5c16\u92b3\u548c\u53ef\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9080\u8acb\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7121\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u5fc5\u9808\u56de\u5831\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7121\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u540c\u6642\u59cb\u7d42\u6c92\u6709\u7f9e\u8fb1\u81ea\u5df1\u6216\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba \u4e0b\uff0c \u201c\u6050\u6016 &#8230;&#8230;  \u79ae\u7269\u548c\u53cd\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u6c38\u6046\u5faa\u74b0 \u201d\uff08 p 29 \uff09\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5be6\u8e10\u548c\u6163\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u907f\u514d\u7fa9\u52d9\u548c\u5192\u72af\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u7b56\u7565\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4e86 Miller \u89c0\u5bdf\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u50cf\u50b3\u5947\u82f1\u96c4\u90a3\u6a23\u4e92\u76f8\u6b98\u6bba\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u98a8\u96aa \uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u6587\u660e\u60c5\u611f\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u201d\u3002\uff08 p 206 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u516d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">William Ian Miller \u5206\u6790\u7684 \u201c\u5ba2\u89c0\u201d \u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u8207\u898f\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u6065\u8fb1\u3002 \u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0c\u611f\u89ba\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\uff1f \u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Miller \u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u800c\u4e0d\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684 \uff1a \u201c\u67d0\u4e9b\u81ea\u8ca0\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u9811\u56fa\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u5e03\u4e01\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u201d\uff08 p 146 \uff09\u3002 \u8aa0\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u90a3\u4e9b\u906d\u53d7\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u4eba\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c07\u7f9e\u8fb1\u78ba\u7acb\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u72c0\u6cc1\u6216\u56f0\u5883\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u60f3\u60f3\u5c0d\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e0b\u6700\u8fd1\u767c\u751f\u7684\u56fd\u8207\u570b\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u611f\u89ba\uff1f \u793e\u6703\u4e8b\u5be6\u8207\u4e3b\u89c0\u9ad4\u9a57\u4e4b\u9593\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f \u62cb\u958b\u5728\u751a\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u8ac7\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u548c\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u60c5\u611f\u8a5e\u5f59\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u611f\u89ba\u548c\u6587\u5316\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u61a4\u6012\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u55ce\uff1f\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u5340\u5225\uff1f\u7576\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u8a00\u8a9e\u4e0a\u5340\u5206\u7f9e\u6065\u3001\u5c37\u5c2c\u548c\u5c48\u8fb1\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u5c0d\u60c5\u611f\u751f\u6d3b\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u55ce\uff1f\u66f8\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6e90\u65bc Miller \u5c0d\u6b64\u985e\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5805\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u62d2\u7d55\u5c48\u670d\u65bc\u7d14\u7cb9\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u7d14\u7cb9\u5167\u5728\u6216\u7d14\u7cb9\u4e3b\u89c0\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u60c5\u611f\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u62d2\u7d55\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u4ed6\u5728\u51b0\u5cf6\u6587\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u50b3\u5947\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u50b3\u5947\u4eba\u7269\u4e26\u4e0d\u7279\u5225\u559c\u6b61\u6c89\u8ff7\u65bc\u60c5\u611f\u8ac7\u8a71\u201d\uff08 p 108 \uff09\u3002\u95b1\u8b80\u9019\u4e9b\u50b3\u5947\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5c07\u82f1\u96c4\u53ca\u5176\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8996\u70ba\u51b7\u9177\u7121\u60c5\u7684\u755c\u751f\uff08 p 93  \uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u61a4\u6012\u6216\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u558b\u558b\u4e0d\u4f11\u5730\u63ed\u9732\u9019\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u611f\u5230\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u904e\u884c\u52d5\u6216\u8ac7\u8ad6\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5076\u723e\u8f14\u4ee5\u6558\u8ff0\u8005\u5c0d\u81c9\u7d05\u6216\u84bc\u767d\u7684\u8ec0\u9ad4\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002Miller \u7576\u7136\u60f3\u62b5\u5236\u9019\u7a2e\u8a98\u60d1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c16\u92b3\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6216\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u671f\u671b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8a71\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/behaviorism\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u54f2\u5b78\u884c\u70ba\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/a> ( \u4f8b\u5982 Gilbert Ryle, &#8220;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Concept-Mind-Gilbert-Ryle-ebook\/dp\/B087JDBCJT\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1TQR1JK3LFZYC&amp;keywords=The+Concept+of+Mind&amp;qid=1687926248&amp;sprefix=the+concept+of+mind%2Caps%2C534&amp;sr=8-1\">The Concept of Mind<\/a><\/em>&#8220;; Wittgenstein, &#8220;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Philosophical-Investigations-Ludwig-Wittgenstein\/dp\/1405159286\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2KCVTTMDLKOY4&amp;keywords=Philosophical+Investigations&amp;qid=1687926275&amp;sprefix=philosophical+investigations%2Caps%2C522&amp;sr=8-1\">Philosophical Investigations<\/a><\/em>&#8221; ) \u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u5fc3\u7406\u72c0\u614b\u8207\u5916\u5728\u884c\u70ba\u6216\u884c\u70ba\u50be\u5411\u7b49\u540c\u8d77\u4f86\u3002Miller \u4e0d\u662f\u884c\u70ba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u78ba\u5be6\u5229\u7528\u8eab\u9ad4\u610f\u8b58\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u8868\u73fe\u529b\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u4f86\u6355\u6349\u60c5\u611f\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u81c9\u7d05\u548c\u9ad4\u6eab\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u662f\u8178\u9053\u3002\u80c3\u90e8\u53cd\u80c3\uff0c\u8178\u9053\u6536\u7e2e\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7a81\u7136\u611f\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u60f3\u8981\u6392\u4fbf\u7684\u885d\u52d5\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6050\u61fc\u6703\u7522\u751f\u9019\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u6703\u4f7f\u8178\u9053\u6536\u7dca\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u5df1\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u3002 (  pp 160-61 ) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8db3\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u611f\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5c0d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e8b\u5be6\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u9ad4\u9a57\u6e96\u5099\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c0d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u793e\u6703\u9069\u7576\u53cd\u61c9\u662f\u731b\u70c8\u62a8\u64ca\u7f9e\u8fb1\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5c31\u6703\u611f\u5230\u61a4\u6012\u3001\u6050\u61fc\u548c\u8208\u596e\u7684\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\u901a\u5e38\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u81ea\u6211\u6ecb\u751f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e0d\u50c5\u6703\u5931\u53bb\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u66b4\u9732\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u507d\u88dd\u8005\u800c\u4e1f\u81c9\uff0c\u4e26\u56e0\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4eba\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u671f\u5f85\u6050\u61fc\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u4e2d\u9593\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u6709\u95dc\u6050\u61fc\u3001\u61a4\u6012\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u7dd2\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u5c0d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u5c0d\u5632\u7b11\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5f37\u70c8\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u9ad4\u9a57\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u6587\u5316\u671f\u671b\u4e26\u5141\u8a31\u5728\u61c9\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u5a01\u8105\u6642\u5c16\u53eb\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6050\u61fc\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u9810\u8a08\u6703\u9677\u5165\u7671\u7613\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u6050\u61fc\uff08 p 99 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0cMiller \u5c0d\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u8a00\u8a9e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u61a4\u6012\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6211\u5011\u5ffd\u8996\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6575\u5c0d\u60c5\u7dd2\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u6df7\u70ba\u4e00\u8ac7 \u2026\u2026 \u5b83\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u7d0d\u5165\u6211\u5011\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002 \u60c5\u7dd2\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u73fe\u6210\u985e\u5225\uff08 p  101 \uff09\u3002\u76f8\u61c9\u5730\uff0c\u82f1\u8a9e\u55ae\u8a5e \u201cembarrassment \u5c37\u5c2c\u201d \u548c \u201chumilation\u5c48\u8fb1\/\u7f9e\u8fb1\/\u7f9e\u6065\u201d \u7684\u8f03\u665a\u51fa\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u660e\u4eba\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u5c0d\u8207\u69ae\u8b7d\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u505a\u51fa\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u7cbe\u7d30\u7684\u5340\u5206 \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\uff0cMiller \u5c0d\u65bc\u8a9e\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4e26\u4e0d\u5766\u7387\u3002\u5728\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u53f2\u8a69 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sparknotes.com\/lit\/gawain\/summary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Sir Gawain and the Green Knight<\/em><\/a>&#8220;\uff08 pp 183-95 \uff09\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8b49\u660e\u4e86 \u201chumilation\u201d \u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u66fe\u7d93\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9818\u57df\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u70ba \u201c\u5c37\u5c2c\u201d \u548c \u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u8a5e\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u6f14\u8b8a\u70ba\u7576\u524d\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u3002Miller \u6709\u6548\u5730\u53cd\u99c1\u4e86\u5728\u8a00\u8a9e\u51fa\u73fe\u4e4b\u524d\u611f\u60c5\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u986f\u73fe\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u60c5\u611f\uff08\u6216\u5176\u7b49\u50f9\u7269\uff09\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\uff1a\u201c\u5047\u8a2d\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u60c5\u611f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8c50\u5bcc\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u8868\u9054\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u8c50\u5bcc\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c08\u9580\u7684\u8c50\u5bcc\u8a5e\u5f59\u3002\u5c08\u9580\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u8853\u8a9e\u4f86\u8cc7\u52a9\u9019\u7a2e\u8c50\u5bcc\u6027\u201d\uff08 p 195 \uff09\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8207\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5404\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u898f\u7bc4 \u3001\u5100\u5f0f\u548c\u53cd\u61c9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u548c\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u69cb\u5efa\u884c\u70ba\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e5f\u5fc5\u7136\u6703\u69cb\u5efa\u610f\u8b58\u9ad4\u9a57\u3002 Miller \u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6c7a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u8996\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u60c5\u611f\u8853\u8a9e\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3b\u8981 \u201c\u4f5c\u70ba\u63cf\u8ff0\u5100\u5f0f\u5316\u884c\u70ba\u6216\u63d0\u51fa\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u7269\u6216\u7c21\u5beb\u201d\uff08 p 101 \uff09\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7a0d\u5fae\u611f\u89ba\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u5931\u53bb\u89aa\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5426\u611f\u5230\u60b2\u50b7\uff0c\u90fd\u5728 \u201c\u54c0\u60bc\u201d\uff0c\u800cMiller \u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u6642\uff0c\u61a4\u6012 \u3001\u5bb3\u6015\u3001\u5192\u72af\u3001\u7f9e\u6127\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e03<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miller \u96d6\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6cd5\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4ed6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8a66\u5716\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u5c07\u69ae\u8b7d\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u50b3\u5947\u7684\u51b0\u5cf6\u9084\u662f\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684 Ann Arbor\uff09\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u4efb\u4f55\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u806f\u7e6b \u3002 &#8220;<em>Humiliation&#8221; <\/em>\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u69cb\u5efa\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u66f8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u69ae\u8b7d\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u65e8\u5728\u5275\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u3002 \u73fe\u4ee3\u5236\u5ea6 \u2014\u2014 \u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf \u2014\u2014 \u8072\u7a31\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u611f\u5230\u8db3\u5920\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5c07\u69ae\u8b7d\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e2d\u3002Miller \u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u8aaa\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5Weber \u5f0f\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u58df\u65b7\u65b9\u5f0f\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u570b\u5bb6\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u66b4\u529b\u7684\uff08 pp 81-82 \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u7d66\u66b4\u529b\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u5e36\u4f86\u597d\u8655\uff0c\u800c\u640d\u5bb3\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff1b\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5165\u4fb5\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba Putin \u4ee5\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u5408\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u7684\u58df\u65b7\uff1f\u53cd\u5c0d\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u898f\u5247\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u91dd\u5c0d\u53d7\u5bb3\u548c\u53ef\u8b58\u5225\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u653b\u64ca\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u53cd\u793e\u6703\u8005\u3002\u4f46\u7121\u8ad6\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u6709\u4f55\u512a\u9ede\uff0cMiller \u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u524d\u73fe\u4ee3\u65b9\u5f0f\u884c\u4e8b\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7fa3\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u50cf\u6709\u69ae\u8b7d\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u78ba\u5be6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e26\u975e\u5168\u90e8\u751a\u81f3\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u6309\u7167\u69ae\u8b7d\u904a\u6232\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u69ae\u8b7d\u6a5f\u5236\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u611f\u53d7\u69ae\u8b7d\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5229\u5bb3\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u96e3\u5ea6\u904e\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u8077\u696d\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5728\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u548c\u79ae\u7269\u4ea4\u63db\u4e2d\uff0c\u8207\u5bb6\u4eba\u3001\u670b\u53cb\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u4e00\u8d77\u5403\u98ef\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u73fe\u4ee3\u88fd\u5ea6\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u7684\u90aa\u60e1\u9738\u6b0a\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u8a2d\u6cd5\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u5275\u9020\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u7576\u524d\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u6295\u5165\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\uff08 pp  51-52 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">William Ian Miller \u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u7f9e\u6065\u548c\u5c48\u8fb1\u90fd\u8207\u69ae\u8b7d\u6587\u5316\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u8a00\u8a9e\u5340\u5225\u51fa\u73fe\u5f97\u5f88\u665a\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5206\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u81ea\u547d\u4e0d\u51e1\u548c\u865b\u507d\u7684\u6d41\u884c\uff08 p 199 \uff09 \u3002\u5982\u679c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u524d\u73fe\u4ee3\u6216\u524d\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0cMiller \u8072\u7a31\u50b3\u5947\u793e\u6703\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5206\u5316\uff08 p 199 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u5f37\u8abf\u7b49\u7d1a\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u8870\u843d\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u6709\u4e0a\u9762\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5e73\u7b49\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u8207\u69ae\u8b7d\u898f\u7bc4\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u3002\u60f3\u60f3\u64c1\u6709 \u201c\u826f\u597d\u4fe1\u7528\u201d \u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027 \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u8f9c\u8ca0\u666e\u901a\u516c\u6c11\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8a8d\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u6a5f\u69cb\u8511\u8996\u69ae\u8b7d\u7684\u5404\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6065\u8fb1\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u8d0a\u6210\u63a1\u53d6\u66f4\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8ffd\u56de\u50b5\u52d9\u6216\u53d6\u6d88\u62b5\u62bc\u54c1\u8d16\u56de\u6b0a\uff0c\u90a3\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u5929\u771f\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u88dc\u6551\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4f9d\u9760\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u5c0d\u5931\u53bb\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u6050\u61fc\u4f86\u7dad\u6301\u5176\u7d93\u6fdf\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u516b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;<em>Humiliation: And Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence&#8221;<\/em> \u4e26\u4e0d\u6e34\u671b\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u90e8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7406\u8ad6\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5728\u6700\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u793e\u6703\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u53cd\u601d\u90fd\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8072\u7a31\u8981\u8207\u4e4b\u9054\u6210\u5354\u8b70\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u5c31\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u800c\u8a00\uff0c&#8221;<em>Humiliation&#8221; <\/em>\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a02\u8da3\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u72e1\u733e\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6230\u6027\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u6216\uff08\u91cd\u65b0\uff09\u5c55\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">William Ian Miller \u5728\u66f8\u7684\u958b\u982d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u5011 \u2026\u2026 \u5c0d\u95dc\u5fc3\u5225\u4eba\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6240\u5fc5\u7136\u4f34\u96a8\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\u548c\u7dca\u5f35\u4e26\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u201d\uff08 p ix \uff09\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9069\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff1b \u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002Miller \u975e\u5e38\u6709\u79ae\u8c8c\u5730\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u5fd8\u8a18\u3002\u62cb\u958b\u8b19\u5351\u4e0d\u8ac7\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u8853\u8a9e\u4f86\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff08\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u6240\u8aaa\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u5bb3\u6015\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u6c23\u8cea\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\uff08\u9019\u9996\u5148\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6297\u62d2\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u662f\u7d50\u679c\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6975\u9650\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\uff08\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u58de\u8655\uff09\u3002\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u7121\u53ef\u5192\u72af\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u901a\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5192\u72af\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5728 Miller \u8a8d\u70ba\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u611f\u5230\u61a4\u6012\u6216\u53d7\u50b7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5bec\u5bb9\u3001\u5584\u826f\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5177\u5099\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u58d3\u6291\u9053\u5fb7\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u7121\u7591\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u592a\u95dc\u5fc3\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff08\u7f8e\u5fb7\u8207\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5fb5\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u60e1\u7fd2\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5fb5\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u597d\u3002 \u90a3\u4e9b\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0a\u91cd\u800c\u5927\u9a5a\u5c0f\u602a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u5c0a\u91cd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u62b5\u6297\u529b\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5c0d\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u516c\u5171\u5730\u4f4d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6216\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u767c\u73fe\u7121\u7aef\u7684\u4fae\u8fb1\u53ea\u6703\u53cd\u5f48\u5230\u65bd\u66b4\u8005\u7684\u81c9\u4e0a\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a5\u53d7\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e36\u4efb\u4f55\u81ea\u6211\u653e\u7e31\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u964d\u4f4e\u5c0d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u611f\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u611f\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u67d0\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u9069\u7576\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5b83\u591a\u9ebc\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u6027\u683c\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u76f8\u4e92\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u5404\u7a2e\u5176\u4ed6\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u5931\u6557\u6df7\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u4f7f\u4eba\u5011\u64fa\u812b Miller \u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miller \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u51fa\u932f\uff1f \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5f9e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6982\u62ec\u5f97\u592a\u5feb\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u72af\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5728\u6982\u62ec\u6027\u6642\u6240\u72af\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6027\u7d93\u6b77\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff08\u540c\u6027\uff09\u5982\u6b64\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u986f\u7136\uff0c\u7576\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6027\u6216\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6642\uff0c\u7d93\u6b77\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5171\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u6bd4\u8a31\u591a\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4eba\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u8981\u56f0\u96e3\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u9019\u88cf\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u57fa\u672c\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6982\u62ec\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7d30\u7dfb\u548c\u9650\u5b9a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bb9\u5fcd\u90a3\u7a2e\u7e41\u7463\u3001\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u5606\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u6703\u7834\u58de\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u9053\u5fb7\u4eba\u683c\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u57fa\u672c\u4e14\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u985e\u578b\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\uff08\u5b83\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8207\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u9818\u57df\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u554f\u984c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u985e\u578b\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4eba\u683c\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u5bec\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u6c92\u6709\u56de\u5831\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5bec\u5bb9\u7684\u985e\u578b\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u8072\u7a31\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba \u201c\u6027\u5225\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u201d\u3002 \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1 \u201c\u662f \u2026\u2026 \u201d \u3002 \u3002 \u3002 \u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u6027\u5225\u7279\u5fb5\u70ba \u201c\u5973\u6027\u5316\u201d\u3002 \u6709\u4e00\u5e74\uff0cMiller \u8209\u8fa6\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u540d\u70ba \u201c\u66b4\u529b\u201d \u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\uff1b \u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u8f49\u5411 \u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d\u3002 \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u6bd4\u4f8b\u70ba\u5169\u540d\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u70ba\u516d\u540d\u3002 \u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u53ec\u958b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u5f9e\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u6211\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u6709\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u201d \u5973\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u8a8d\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6703\u4e1f\u9762\u5b50\u3002 \u7537\u4eba\u61f7\u7591\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u6703\u4e1f\u9762\u5b50\u201d\uff08 p 168 \uff09\u3002\u5979\u5011 \u201c\u5982\u679c\u627f\u8a8d\u53d7\u5230\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u8996\u70ba\u5973\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14 \u201c\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u201d\u3002 \u3002 \u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u627f\u8a8d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d\uff08 p 169 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u4e00\u5efa\u8b70\u5f8c\uff0cMiller \u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8207\u908a\u7de3\u5973\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u5373\uff08\u6a19\u6e96\u7570\u6027\u6200\uff09\u6027\u4ea4 \u201c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u7537\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u773c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u5982\u6b64\u201d\u3002 \u4f46\u4ed6\u96a8\u5f8c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u6a23\u5947\u602a\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba \u201c\u6c42\u611b\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u81ea\u5df1\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u7537\u4eba \u201c\u767c\u73fe\u5728\u6700\u7d42\u63a5\u53d7\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u9762\u524d\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u986f\u5f97\u611a\u8822\u201d\uff08 p 169 \uff09\u3002\u5728\u9019\uff0c\u4ed6\u51fa\u683c\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u9060\u96e2\u4ed6\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u9640\u601d\u59a5\u8036\u592b\u65af\u57fa \u201c\u5730\u4e0b\u4eba\u201d \u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u9019\u4e00\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u201c\uff08\u7537\u6027\u7684\uff09\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u7e41\u884d\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u689d\u4ef6\u201d\uff08 p  169\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u9810\u8a08\u9019\u4e9b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6703\u4ee4\u4eba\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7cbe\u795e\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u3002 \u77e5\u9053\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u80fd\u5920\u5f9e\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u771f\u76f8\u5c07\u6703\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f9e\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cMiller \u7684\u7acb\u5834\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u52d5\u6416\u7684\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5426\u8a8d \u201c\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d \u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5834\u5916\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u9032\u884c\u5206\u985e\uff1a\u9677\u5165 \u201c\u7537\u6027\u5316\u201d \u7684\u81ea\u6b3a\u6b3a\u4eba\uff0c\u8b19\u865b\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8b58 \uff0c\u611a\u8822\u3001\u9ebb\u6728\u4e0d\u4ec1\u3001\u7c97\u9b6f \uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6cbe\u6cbe\u81ea\u559c\u3002\u4f46\u6b63\u5982 Miller \u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5931\u6548\u6027\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u56b4\u91cd\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u9762\u81e8\u8457\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff1a\u4ed6\u4e5f\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u81ea\u6b3a\u6b3a\u4eba\u7684\u6ce5\u6f6d\uff1a\u4ed6\u5c48\u670d\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u81a8\u8139\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u61a4\u4e16\u5ac9\u4fd7\u7684\u555f\u767c\u6cd5\u6240\u6b3a\u9a19\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u81ea\u5df1\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u7684 \u201c\u5e73\u51e1\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u201d \u4e2d\u63a8\u65b7\u5f97\u592a\u5feb\u548c\u72f9\u9698\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6027\u683c\u201d\uff08 p 140 \uff09\u3002\uff09\u4ed6\u5c0d\u95dc\u65bc\u6587\u5316\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u7d04\u6027\u7684\u904e\u5ea6\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u6291\u5236\u614b\u5ea6\u662f\u597d\u7684\uff1b \u4f46\u4ed6\u6216\u8a31\u5c0d\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u904e\u65bc\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002\u6700\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5dee\u7570\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0cMiller \u9700\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u8a8d\u771f\u5730\u601d\u8003\u514d\u53d7\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 &#8220;<em>Humiliation and Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence<\/em>&#8221; \u662f\u4e00\u672c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u66f8\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4e4f\u865b\u5047\u9673\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u59cb\u7d42\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u53cd\u99c1\u3002\u9019\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff1a\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u5192\u96aa\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5b83\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u554f\u984c \uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5f37\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u6642\u65b7\u6642\u7e8c\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5118\u7ba1 William Ian Miller \u5728\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c08\u9580\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u51b0\u5cf6\u50b3\u5947\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u8457\u4f5c\u540d\u70ba &#8220;Bloodtaking and Peacemaking: Feud, Law, and Society in Saga Iceland&#8220;\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684 &#8220;Humiliation: And Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence&#8221; \u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u50b3\u5947\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u6211\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u6cd5\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002 \u4e4d\u4e00\u770b\uff0c &#8220;Bloodtaking and Peacemaking&#8221; \u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u79e9\u5e8f\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u50b3\u5947\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u5fa9\u4ec7\u3001\u4fae\u8fb1\u548c\u4fae\u8fb1\u3001\u5ac9\u5992\u548c\u7f9e\u6065\u3001\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u79ae\u7269\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u5317\u6b50\u82f1\u96c4\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u90fd\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u653b\u64ca\u6027\u3002\u201c\u5f98\u5f8a\u5728\u4fae\u8fb1\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u201d\uff08 p 85 \uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8655\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u548c\u80a2\u9ad4\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u5c0a\u56b4\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\uff1a\u4e00\u689d\u817f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56e0\u6700\u8f15\u5fae\u7684\u4fae\u8fb1\u800c\u88ab\u96a8\u610f\u780d\u6389 \uff0c\u5c0d\u5225\u4eba\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6975\u5176\u654f\u611f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bba\u4eba\u3002 \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6709\u4eba\u8aaa\u50b3\u5947\u51b0\u5cf6\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u8207\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u5f9e\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e2d\u9000\u7e2e \uff0c\u50bb\u7b11\u3002 \u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u6700\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u793e\u6703\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u69ae\u8b7d\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff1f &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/06\/28\/humiliation-and-other-essays-on-honor-social-discomfort-and-violence\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2kJ","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8973","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8973"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8973\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8974,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8973\/revisions\/8974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}