{"id":8996,"date":"2023-07-12T05:58:33","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T05:58:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=8996"},"modified":"2023-07-12T06:01:28","modified_gmt":"2023-07-12T06:01:28","slug":"from-the-margins-historical-anthropology-and-its-futures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/07\/12\/from-the-margins-historical-anthropology-and-its-futures\/","title":{"rendered":"From the Margins: Historical Anthropology and Its Futures"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78<\/a> Historical anthropology<\/a>\uff1a\u5169\u500b\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u4ea4\u6d41\u6216\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1f\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u69cb\u8f49\u5411\u66f4\u52a0\u5168\u7403\u5316\u548c\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u7a2e\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u548c\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e26\u8c50\u5bcc\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3001\u65b0\u8208\u6216\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u5df2\u7d93\u6a21\u7cca\u4e86\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u754c\u9650\u53ca\u5176\u6163\u4f8b\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u672c\u66f8\u6a19\u984c\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\uff0cBrian Keith Axel\u5728 “From the Margins: Historical Anthropology and Its Futures<\/a><\/em>” \u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8a66\u5716\u6311\u6230\u96e2\u6563\u5b78\u79d1\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u548c\u6163\u4f8b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u8868\u660e\u5c0d\u6a94\u6848\u8207\u9818\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u65b0\u8208\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6db5\u84cb\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u7406\u548c\u6642\u9593\u5730\u9ede\u7684\u539f\u5275\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u5176\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u5148\u5165\u4e4b\u898b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8cea\u7591\u3002 \u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u570b\u5167\u6230\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u79d8\u9b6f \u201c\u65b0\u57fa\u7763\u6559 New Christian\u201d \u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5c0d\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u5357\u975e\u7684 \u201c\u795e\u79d8\u7d93\u6fdf occult economies\u201d\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u6b96\u6c11\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8207\u6b96\u6c11\u5f62\u6210\u540c\u8b00\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u5e38\u8b58\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u5be9\u8996\u6b96\u6c11\u9032\u7a0b\u4ee5\u4f55\u7a2e\u5177\u9ad4\u65b9\u5f0f\u6ef2\u900f\u548c\u5a01\u8105\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u7406\u6027\u7684\u980c\u63da\u7406\u60f3\u6216\u7576\u4eca\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u555f\u8499\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u9019\u90e8\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u5f37\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0cBrian Keith Axel\u532f\u96c6\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5be9\u8996\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u6027 interdisciplinarity\u201d \u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u9032\u5169\u500b\u59d0\u59b9\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u5206\u56db\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7531\u4e5d\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ecb\u7d39\u6027\u6982\u8ff0\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brian Keith Axel \u4ee5 \u201c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4f5c\u7528 role of citation\u201d \u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5f15\u8a00\u3002 \u7528Bernard Cohn \u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d \u201c\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u79d1 \u2018\u7406\u8ad6\u6307\u5c0e theoretical guides\u2019 \u7684\u5e7d\u9748\u201d\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u53ec\u559a\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u4f7f\u5728\u6587\u672c\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u201c\u73cd\u85cf\u201d\u67d0\u4e9b\u5f15\u6587\u7684\u5e73\u5eb8\u505a\u6cd5\u6c38\u4e45\u5316\u4e26\u88fd\u5ea6\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u9f13\u52f5\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6 \u201c\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u6216\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u5730 consciously or unconsciously\u201d \u201d \u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u4e9b\u5f15\u6587\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u6b78\u5316\u70ba\u8a13\u8aa1\u548c\u201c\u4f86\u81ea\u6211\u5011\u524d\u8f29\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u201d\uff08 p 1 \uff09\u3002\u6b63\u5982 Axel\u6240\u8a00\uff0c”From the Margins” <\/em>\u8a66\u5716\u8cea\u7591\u6211\u5011\u524d\u4eba\u7684\u9019\u4e9b \u201c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027 disquieting limitations\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u91cd\u65b0\u8868\u8ff0\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u5e73\u6de1\u7121\u5947\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca \u201c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u548c\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5916\u570d\u548c\u4e2d\u5fc3 \uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u6298\u758a\u3001\u69cb\u6210\u6216\u7834\u58de\u201d\uff08 p 2 \uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7279\u5225\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f Axel\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u8b5c\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u95dc\u6ce8\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5404\u81ea\u9818\u57df\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u3002 20\u4e16\u7d0050\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u671f\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u51b7\u6230\u53ca\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u5834\u6240\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5340\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\uff09\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c0d \u201c\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c interdisciplinary collaboration\u201d \u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u3002 \u5728 Ruth Benedict \u7684\u5e36\u9818\u4e0b\uff0cMargaret Mead \u7b49\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u901a\u904e\u63a2\u7d22 \u201c\u9060\u8ddd\u96e2\u6587\u5316 cultures at a distance\u201d \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7814\u7a76 \u201c\u4ed6\u8005 other\u201d \u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u7a7a\u9593\u4e0a\u6216\u66ab\u6642\u7121\u6cd5\u5230\u9054\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14 \u201c\u6b77\u53f2\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6e2c\u91cf\u6642\u9593\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u624b\u6bb5\u201d\uff08 p 5 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96a8\u8457\u6b96\u6c11\u5217\u5f37\u7684\u6ec5\u4ea1\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u8655\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u8b8a\u9769\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u65b0\u8208\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u906d\u53d7\u66b4\u529b\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u3002 E. Evans-Prichard \u548c I. Shapera \u7b49\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u722d\u8ad6\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u662f\u5426\u61c9\u8a72\u6210\u70ba\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9077\u7684 \u201c\u6280\u8853 technique\u201d\uff1f\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u722d\u8ad6\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f46\u96a8\u8457\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u624d\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002Edward Shils \u548c\u4ed6\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u5275\u5efa\u4e86 ‘\u65b0\u570b\u5bb6\u6bd4\u8f03\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u54e1\u6703 the Committee on the Comparative Study of New Nations’\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u89e3\u69cb \u201c\u516c\u8a8d\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u5206\u6790\u985e\u5225  received empiricism and its categories of analysis\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba \u201c\u6b96\u6c11\u7d71\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6b98\u9918\u548c\u9ad4\u73fe\u201d\uff08 p 8 \uff09\u3002Bernard Cohn \u6c92\u6709\u8457\u773c\u65bc \u201c\u539f\u59cb\u4eba the primitive\u201d \u4ee5\u53ca\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8a66\u5716\u901a\u904e\u8d85\u8d8a\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9769\u6216\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u4e26\u91cd\u65b0\u8a55\u4f30 \u201c\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u8207\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u4e92\u52d5\u201d \u4f86\u770b\u5f85 \u201c\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u6096\u8ad6 paradoxes of domination\u201d \uff08 p 9 \uff09\u3002\u5728\u6574\u500b\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0cAxel \u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u548c\u5206\u6b67\u4ee5\u53ca\u7dca\u5f35\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u66f8\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 \u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u548c\u6a94\u6848  Ethnography and the Archive\u201d \u7684\u5169\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u984c\u8a66\u5716\u8aaa\u660e\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5b78\u79d1\u4e2d \u201c\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u7684\u660e\u986f\u7279\u6b0a\u5834\u6240 transparently privileged sites of knowledge production\u201d\u3002Axel\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u61c9\u5c07 \u201c\u6a94\u6848 the Archive\u201d \u8996\u70ba\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u5132\u5b58\u5eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u61c9\u5c07 \u201c\u6a94\u6848\u5316 archivization\u201d \u8996\u70ba \u201c\u6587\u8108\u5316\/\u8a9e\u5883\u5316 entextualization\u201d \u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \u201c\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u524d\u6b96\u6c11\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d \u548c\u7522\u751f \u201c\u771f\u76f8 truth\u201d \u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6b96\u6c11\u5be6\u8e10\uff08 p 14 \uff09\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u5e95\u5c64\u7814\u7a76\u5b78\u6d3e\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u544a\u8aa1\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4ed4\u7d30\u7814\u7a76 \u201c\u6b96\u6c11\u8a5e\u5178 colonial lexicons\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u8072\u7a31\u8a18\u9304\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\u800c\u975e\u4ed6\u5011\u771f\u5be6\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u7fd2\u8a9e\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591 \u3002 \u5728 “Annals of the Archive: Ethnographic Notes on the Sources of History” \u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cNicholas B. Dirks \u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5728\u6a94\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u53ca\u5176\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u5ef6\u7e8c\u3002Dirks \u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u88fd\u4f5c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u6a94\u6848\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u6b0a\u5834\u6240\u3002\u901a\u904e \u201c\u4e86\u89e3 know\u201d \u5176\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u9a45\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7 \u201c\u5728\u6a94\u6848\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u4e26\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u5370\u5ea6\u7a2e\u59d3\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u65b0\u5206\u985e\u985e\u5225\u201d\uff08 p 16 \uff09\u3002 Talal Asad \u5728 “Representation, Statistics, and Modern Power” \u4e2d\u5c0d\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86 \u201c\u7d93\u9a57 experience\u201d \u548c \u201c\u8868\u5fb5 representation\u201d \u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002Asad \u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u201c\u9298\u6587 inscription\u201d \u59cb\u7d42\u662f \u201c\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b social life\u201d \u7684 \u201c\u8868\u5fb5\u201d\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba \u201c\u76f4\u63a5\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d \u7684\u67d0\u7a2e\u900f\u660e\u8868\u5fb5\u3002 \u8207 \u201c\u5f15\u7528\u89d2\u8272 play of citations\u201d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c Asad \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6 \u201c\u901a\u904e\u5100\u5f0f rite of passage\u201d \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u89c0\u5bdf\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u66f8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206 \u201cColonial Anxieties\u201d \u7684\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7bc7\u90fd\u5be9\u8996\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u6642\u671f\u5c0d\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u548c\u6a94\u6848\u7684\u632a\u7528\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u5c07\u8a31\u591a \u201c\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d \u6df7\u70ba\u4e00\u500b \u201c\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u7522\u751f \u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u5225\u7684\u4eba disparate categories of people\u201d\u3002Irene Silverblatt \u5728 “New Christians and New World Fears in Seventeenth Century Peru” \u4e2d\u8ac7\u53ca 1639 \u5e74\uff0cManuel Bautista Perez \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5341\u500b\u4eba\u56e0\u79d8\u5bc6\u4fe1\u5949\u7336\u592a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u800c\u88ab\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5b97\u6559\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u5229\u99ac\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u4e0b\u4ee4\u8655\u6c7a\u3002\u5728\u76e3\u7344\u88e1\u4e94\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u88e1\uff0cPerez \u627f\u53d7\u8457\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d\u81ea\u5df1\u4fe1\u5949\u7336\u592a\u6559\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u627f\u8a8d\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u79d8\u5bc6\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u4e26\u6094\u6539\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5016\u514d\u3002 \u4f46\u4ed6\u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u3002 \u5be9\u5224\u5b98\u5ba3\u7a31\uff0c\u7531\u65bc Perez \u7684 \u201c\u56fa\u57f7\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5224\u8655\u6b7b\u5211\u3002\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5b97\u6559\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u4ee5\u53ca\u570d\u7e5e \u201c\u7121\u6578\u4e14\u7a7a\u60f3\u7684 innumerable, chimerical \u201d \u201c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7336\u592a\u4eba crypto-Jews\u201d \u7fa3\u9ad4\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7126\u616e\u3002Silverblatt \u91cd\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u79d8\u9b6f\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u5fc3\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca \u201c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u201d \u5982\u4f55\u5728 \u201c\u5168\u7403\u5546\u696d\u5de5\u5177 vehicles of global commerce\u201d \u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u63a9\u8b77 \uff0c\u901a\u904e\u8b1b\u591a\u7a2e\u5916\u8a9e\u4e26\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u57f9\u990a \u201c\u985b\u8986\u6027 subversive\u201d \u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paul A. Silverstein \u5728 “The Kabyle Myth: Colonization and the Production of Ethnicity” (pp 122-155 ) \u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u5f9e 1830 \u5e74\u5230 1962 \u5e74\u963f\u723e\u53ca\u5229\u4e9e\u7368\u7acb \uff0c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u5bb6\u8207\u6b96\u6c11\u570b\u5bb6\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8a73\u7d30\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u963f\u723e\u53ca\u5229\u4e9e\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u653f\u9ad4\u7684\u7279\u5b9a Berber \u90e8\u843d\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u5047\u8a2d\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u5f9e\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7d93 Numidian \u5230\u5317\u6b50\u3002\u5728\u53cd\u6b96\u6c11\u904b\u52d5\u671f\u9593\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u5f8c\u7684\u5e7e\u5e74\u88cf\uff0c\u963f\u723e\u53ca\u5229\u4e9e\u76f8\u4e92\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u5718\u4ea4\u66ff\u5730\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u548c\u652f\u6301 Kabyle \u5206\u96e2\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u5229\u7528\u6709\u95dc\u963f\u723e\u53ca\u5229\u4e9e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u548c\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u65bc\u963f\u723e\u53ca\u5229\u4e9e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u548c\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u4eba\u53e3\u652f\u6301\u6c11\u65cf\u4e00\u9ad4\u5316\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u8a72\u8a08\u5283\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u662f\u540c\u6642\u63d0\u51fa\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u9ad8\u76e7\/\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u666e\u904d\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u79c1\u4eba\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u7a31\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u9805\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u878d\u5408\u8a08\u5283\u3002 Silverstein \u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5be9\u8996\u4e86 Berber \u4eba\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u985e\u5225\u4ee5\u53ca\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff1a\u6cd5\u570b\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u6b0a\u53ca\u5176 \u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5b78\u5bb6\u90e8\u843d tribe of ethnographers\u201d \u80fd\u5920\u5206\u88c2 \u201c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u6c11\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u8b02\u7684 Berber \u4eba\u7684 \u201c\u5b97\u6559\u72c2\u71b1 religious fanaticism\u201d\uff0cBerber \u4eba\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u8207\u6cd5\u570b\u8eab\u4efd \u201c\u76f8\u7a31 commensurate\u201d\u3002Silverstein \u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u6b96\u6c11 \u201c\u5a1b\u6a02 recreations\u201d \u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u4ed6\u5c0d \u201c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u6050\u61fc\u75c7 Arabophobia\u201d \u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019 \u201c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7a2e\u65cf\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u65cf\u88d4\u7b49\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u985e\u5225\u610f\u5916\u5730\u666e\u904d\u5316\u548c\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7fa4\u9ad4\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u624b\u6bb5\u201d\uff08 p 133 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u60f3\u5275\u9020\u6a21\u4eff\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u5584\u7576\u5730\u4eba\u3002” \u2014\u2014\u6458\u81ea\u6d77\u7259\u570b\u5bb6\u7d9c\u5408\u6a94\u6848\u9928 the General State Archives in the Hague\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8072\u660e\u65e2\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u8377\u862d\u6b96\u6c11\u7576\u5c40\u7684\u50b2\u6162\uff0c\u4e5f\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u5c0d\u5176\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u5984\u60f3\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u201c\u6211\u5011\u201d \u662f\u8ab0\u7d44\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u96b1\u779e\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u88ab\u96b1\u542b\u5730\u5047\u8a2d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 \u4f46\u9019\u4efd 1874 \u5e74\u653f\u5e9c\u95dc\u65bc\u8377\u5c6c\u5370\u5ea6\u7fa4\u5cf6\u8ca7\u56f0\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u5f85\u4ed6\u5011\uff09\u7684\u5831\u544a\u4e26\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u76ee\u6a19\u4eba\u7fa3\u3002\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u662f 19 \u4e16\u7d00\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u7528\u767d\u8a71\u5c07\u5176\u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5167\u862d\u5152\u7ae5 inlandsche kinderen<\/em>\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5f8c\u4f86\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u6b50\u6d32\u7aae\u4eba European paupers\u201d \u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u662f \u201c\u6df7\u8840 mixed-blood\u201d\uff08\u201cIndo\u201d\uff09\u7aae\u4eba\u3002Ann Laura Stoler \u5728 “Developing Historical Negatives: Race and the (Modernist) Visions of a Colonialist State” \u4e2d\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u5167\u862d\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\uff08\u6df7\u8840\uff09\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u985e\u5225\u3001\u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u7d04\u6027\u7684\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca \u201c\u6a94\u6848\u201d \u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f5c\u70ba \u201c\u767c\u5c55\u6b77\u53f2\u8ca0\u9762\uff1a\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u548c\uff08\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff09\u9858\u666f\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u5979\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u201c\u6a94\u6848\u201d \u4e2d\u9019\u4e9b\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6587\u737b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u986f\u800c\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u8207 \u201c\u5177\u9ad4\u548c\u96e2\u6563\u201d \u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7121\u95dc\uff08 p 157 \uff09\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u901a\u904e\u9019\u4e9b \u201c\u975e\u4e8b\u4ef6 non-events\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u95dc\u65bc\u5167\u9678\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53ef\u9810\u898b\u7684\u96b1\u55bb\u548c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u8a71\u8a9e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5a01\u8105\u653f\u6cbb\u9ad4\u3001\u5152\u7ae5\u9053\u5fb7\u798f\u7949\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u58ae\u843d\u968e\u7d1a\u53db\u5f92\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u5316\u6575\u4eba\u201d\uff08 p 180 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u66f8\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206 \u201cMarginal Contexts\u201d \u7684\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u5c0d \u201c\u6211\u5011\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u548c\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u201d \u7684\u57f7\u8457\uff08 p 21 \uff09\u3002Michel-Rolph Trouillot \u5728 “Culture on the Edges: Caribbean Creolization in Historical Context” \u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0cCreolization<\/a> \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9700\u8981\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5947\u8e5f\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5728\u6b98\u9177\u548c\u7d55\u5c0d\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u593e\u7e2b\u4e2d\u514b\u670d\u91cd\u91cd\u56f0\u96e3\u800c\u767c\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u89e3\u91cb\u80fd\u5920\u516c\u6b63\u5730\u89e3\u91cb\u5b83\u767c\u751f\u7684\u5947\u8e5f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c0d Creole<\/a> \u6587\u5316\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7e3d\u662f\u8b93\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u611f\u5230\u9a5a\u8a1d\u3002Creolization<\/a> \u6216 Creole \u793e\u6703\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5c0d\u8aaa Creole \u8a9e\u6216\u6210\u70baCreole \u4eba\u610f\u5473\u8457\u751a\u9ebc\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\uff0c\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u654f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u201cCreolization<\/a>\u201d \u6587\u5316\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u7a2e\u690d\u5712\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u3002Trouillot \u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u555f\u767c\u5f0f\u80cc\u666f\u4f86\u5206\u6790 Creolization \u5316\uff0c\u5c0d \u201c\u5168\u7403\u79fb\u52d5\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u908f\u8f2f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7a2e\u690d\u5712\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u500b\u751f\u7522\u55ae\u4f4d\u5167\u4e3b\u4eba\u548c\u76e3\u7763\u54e1\u5fc5\u9b1a\u9eb5\u5c0d\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u201d\uff08 p 201 \uff09\u3002\u5c0d\u7a2e\u690d\u5712\u3001\u98db\u5730\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4ed4\u7d30\u5206\u6790\u4f7f\u4f5c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u53d6\u4ee3\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684 \u201c\u8d77\u6e90 origins\u201d \u548c \u201c\u6574\u9ad4 totalities\u201d\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba \u201c\u793e\u6703\u6642\u9593\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\u201d \u88ab\u63a7\u5236\u5728 \u201c\u7a2e\u690d\u5712\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u201d\uff0c\u800cCreolization \u5316\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u78ba\u5be6\u767c\u751f\u5728\u7a2e\u690d\u5712\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robert E. Lee \u5728 Appamatox \u7684\u6295\u964d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u7d50\u675f\u7f8e\u570b\u5167\u6230\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u8f38\u6389\u6230\u722d\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u7f8e\u570b\u5357\u65b9\u4eba\uff09\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u8d0f\u4e86\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\uff09\u90fd\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u5728 1990 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6230\u722d\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u6587\u5316\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u554f\u984c \u2014\u2014 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5357\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u548c\u5dde\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u6b0a\u529b\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u7b49\u3002\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u548c\u89e3\u653e \u2014\u2014 \u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u6d3b\u8e8d\uff0c\u4f46\u7d00\u5ff5\u9019\u5834\u6230\u722d\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u85dd\u8853\u548c\u5b78\u8853\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u3002\u5728 “Race, Gender, and Historical Narrative in the Reconstruction of a Nation: Remembering and Forgetting the American Civil War” \u4e2d\uff0cBernard S. Cohn \u548c Teri Silvio \u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d \u201c\u5c4d\u9ad4\u548c\u88ab\u907a\u68c4\u6216\u88ab\u907a\u5fd8\u7684\u5076\u50cf\u201d\u7684\u8ff7\u6200\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ac7\u8ad6\u8f1d\u714c\u7684\u904e\u53bb\u3002 \u79d1\u6069\u548c\u897f\u723e\u7dad\u5967\u654f\u92b3\u5730\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b \u201c\u6563\u4f48\u8457\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u201d\u7684\u98a8\u666f\uff0c\u9810\u793a\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u96c6\u9ad4\u548c\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u5340\uff0cCohn \u548c Silvio \u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u201c\u5c0d\u5168\u570b\u6027\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u88ab\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6709\u5f62\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u73fe\u5728 \u201c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5167\u6230\u5f8c\u548c\u89e3\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u6c7a\u5b9a\u9019\u5834\u6230\u722d\u7684\u907a\u7522\u662f\u5426\u6703\u6d88\u5931\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u98a8\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u904e\u65b0\u7684\u7d00\u5ff5\u5f62\u5f0f\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u5229\u7528\u201d\uff08 pp 212 \uff0c229 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 \u201cArchaeologies of the Fantastic\u201d \u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u548c\u65b7\u88c2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \u201c\u6587\u5316\u5728\u7576\u5730\u88ab\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u5730\u6b78\u5c6c\u611f\u88ab\u7834\u58de\u201d\uff08 p 27 \uff09\u3002\u81ea 20 \u4e16\u7d00 50 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0cBernard S. Cohn \u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4e0d\u65b7\u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u6b0a\u529b\u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5f62\u614b\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u7a7a\u5be6\u9ad4\u548c\u201c\u8a72\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u627f\u8f09\u8005\u201d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u5f62\u614b\u3002 \u8ddf\u96a8Cohn \u5f15\u5c0e\uff0cBrian Axel \u8f49\u5411 1947 \u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u7368\u7acb\u4ee5\u4f86\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u7522\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728”Fantastic Community” ( pp 233-266 ) \u4e2d\uff0cBrian Axel \u805a\u7126\u65bc\u932b\u514b\u6559\u5f92\u548c\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u70ba\u5275\u5efa\u932b\u514b\u6559\u5bb6\u5712\u800c\u9032\u884c\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u9b25\u722d\u3002\u6700\u80fd\u8aaa\u660e\u554f\u984c\u7684\u662f\u9019\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u76e1\u4e00\u5207\u8fa6\u6cd5\u8a66\u5716\u7834\u58de\u6216\u6d88\u6ec5\u932b\u514b\u6559\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Axel \u6070\u7576\u5730\u8868\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u932b\u514b\u6559\u5f92\u901a\u904e \u201c\u5f9e\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u7d04\u7684\u904e\u53bb\u548c\u6d41\u6563\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4eba\u9032\u5165\u73fe\u5728\u201d \u800c\u5448\u73fe\u51fa \u201c\u5e7d\u9748\u822c\u7684\u54c1\u8cea ghostly qualities\u201d\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u4e86 \u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u5e7b\u60f3\u201d \u548c\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u904e\u7a0b\uff08 p 26 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0 “Occult Economies and the Violence of Abstraction: Notes from the South African Postcolony” \u4f5c\u8005\u662f John L. Comaroff \u548c Jean Comaroff\uff0c\u8457\u773c\u65bc \u201c\u5728\u7570\u8cea\u7684\u7576\u4e0b\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u548c\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u806f\u7e6b\u548c\u65b7\u88c2\u201d\u3002 \u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u91cd\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8 \u201c\u65b0\u578b\u5be6\u8e10 new types of practices\u201d \u7684\u64f4\u6563\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u795e\u79d8\u7d93\u6fdf Occult Economies\u3001\u70ba\u4e86\u5229\u6f64\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u9b54\u6cd5\u3001\u6bad\u5c4d\u3001\u5100\u5f0f\u8b00\u6bba\u3001\u51fa\u552e\u8eab\u9ad4\u90e8\u4f4d\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u8a50\u9a19\u548c\u5176\u4ed6 \u201c\u975e\u6cd5\u7a4d\u7d2f illicit accumulation\u201d \u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f \u201c\u65b0\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5f88\u68d2\u201d \u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u81ea\u59cb\u81f3\u7d42\uff0c\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u53cd\u601d\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u5c0d\u5730\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5275\u9020\u3001\u6bc0\u6ec5\u548c\u91cd\u5851\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700 \u201c\u8907\u96dc\u3001\u5f37\u5927\u4e14\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6b77\u53f2\u529b\u91cf \u2014\u2014 \u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5168\u7403\u5e02\u5834\u3001\u7db2\u7d61\u7a7a\u9593\u3001\u2018\u665a\u671f\u2019\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u2014\u2014\u5728\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u9032\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u671f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u9ede\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u4eba\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u9ede\u3001\u6642\u523b\u548c\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u73fe\u5be6\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u7269\u9ad4\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u5ba2\u89c0\u5316\uff0c\u751a\u9ebc\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703 \u2018\u767c\u751f takes place\u2019\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u793e\u6703\u5316\uff0c\u7576\u4e0b\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u201d\uff08 p 290 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6279\u5224\u6027\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6027\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u6216\u5f4c\u5408\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u6163\u4f8b\u548c\u5b78\u79d1\u754c\u9650\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u65b9\u6cd5\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u679c\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u8457\u773c\u65bc \u201c\u908a\u7de3\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u6216\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76 \u201c\u897f\u65b9\u3001\u6b50\u6d32\u548c\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u5e73\u975c\u3001\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u548c\u60f3\u50cf\u201d\uff08 p 2 \uff09\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u5c07\u6a94\u6848\u4e0d\u50c5\u8996\u70ba\u7522\u751f \u201c\u771f\u76f8\u201d \u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba \u201c\u5145\u6eff\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u548c\u77db\u76fe\u201d\uff08 p 14 \uff09 \u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6b77\u53f2\u4eba\u985e\u5b78 Historical anthropology\uff1a\u5169\u500b\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u4ea4\u6d41\u6216\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1f\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u69cb\u8f49\u5411\u66f4\u52a0\u5168\u7403\u5316\u548c\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u7a2e\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u548c\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e26\u8c50\u5bcc\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3001\u65b0\u8208\u6216\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u5df2\u7d93\u6a21\u7cca\u4e86\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u754c\u9650\u53ca\u5176\u6163\u4f8b\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u672c\u66f8\u6a19\u984c\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\uff0cBrian Keith Axel\u5728 “From the Margins: Historical Anthropology and Its Futures” \u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8a66\u5716\u6311\u6230\u96e2\u6563\u5b78\u79d1\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u548c\u6163\u4f8b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u8868\u660e\u5c0d\u6a94\u6848\u8207\u9818\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u65b0\u8208\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7406\u89e3\u3002 \u5728\u6db5\u84cb\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u7406\u548c\u6642\u9593\u5730\u9ede\u7684\u539f\u5275\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u5176\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u5148\u5165\u4e4b\u898b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8cea\u7591\u3002 \u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u570b\u5167\u6230\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u79d8\u9b6f \u201c\u65b0\u57fa\u7763\u6559 New Christian\u201d \u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5c0d\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u5357\u975e\u7684 \u201c\u795e\u79d8\u7d93\u6fdf occult economies\u201d\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u6b96\u6c11\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8207\u6b96\u6c11\u5f62\u6210\u540c\u8b00\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u5e38\u8b58\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u5be9\u8996\u6b96\u6c11\u9032\u7a0b\u4ee5\u4f55\u7a2e\u5177\u9ad4\u65b9\u5f0f\u6ef2\u900f\u548c\u5a01\u8105\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u7406\u6027\u7684\u980c\u63da\u7406\u60f3\u6216\u7576\u4eca\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u555f\u8499\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u90e8\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u5f37\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0cBrian Keith Axel\u532f\u96c6\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5be9\u8996\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u6027 interdisciplinarity\u201d \u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u9032\u5169\u500b\u59d0\u59b9\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u5206\u56db\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7531\u4e5d\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ecb\u7d39\u6027\u6982\u8ff0\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002 Brian Keith Axel \u4ee5 \u201c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4f5c\u7528 role of citation\u201d \u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5f15\u8a00\u3002 \u7528Bernard Cohn … Continue reading 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