{"id":9034,"date":"2023-08-07T03:31:55","date_gmt":"2023-08-07T03:31:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9034"},"modified":"2023-08-07T03:56:31","modified_gmt":"2023-08-07T03:56:31","slug":"philosophy-on-fieldwork-case-studies-in-anthropological-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/08\/07\/philosophy-on-fieldwork-case-studies-in-anthropological-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Philosophy on Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u805a\u8ac7\uff0c\u8aac\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u54f2\u5b78\u53ca\u5176\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\uff1f\u9664\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u4ee5\u71df\u92b7\u4e4b\u7a2e\u7a2e\uff08\u5982\u71df\u92b7\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u71df\u92b7\u54f2\u5b78\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5728\u8a72\u7b56\u7565\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c08\u9580\u95dc\u6ce8\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\u53d7\u773e\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5c07\u88ab\u9000\u5c45\u5e55\u5f8c\u3002\u4f46\u7576\u4e2d\u5ba2\u6236\u4e4b\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6b64\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u4e4b\u9700\u6c42\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u81f4\uff1f\u9700\u6c42\u8207\u5546\u54c1\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u8ce6\u4e88\u5546\u54c1\u50f9\u503c\uff1f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9ad4\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\uff1f\u50f9\u503c\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\uff1f\u50f9\u503c\u5c0d\u4eba\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u7fa9\uff1f\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\n\uff1f \u3002 \u3002\u3002\uff09\u8a00\u53ca\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u7528\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u53ca\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e92\u88dc\u5206\u6790\u4f86\u89e3\u8aac\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5be6\u5730\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8cea\u7591\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f\u5b78\u751f\u5982\u4f55\u5b78\u7fd2\u5229\u7528\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u4f86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s?k=Philosophy+on+Fieldwork%3A+Case+Studies+in+Anthropological+Analysis&amp;crid=249B4WUPNSIHG&amp;sprefix=philosophy+on+fieldwork+case+studies+in+anthropological+analysis%2Caps%2C622&amp;ref=nb_sb_noss\">Philosophy on Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis<\/a><\/em>\u201d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c55\u800c\u4e0d\u8ff0\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u500b\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u6279\u5224\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u9818\u5148\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ed6\/\u5979\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3 \u2014\u2014 \u4f86\u81ea\u5404\u7a2e\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u50b3\u7d71 \u2014\u2014 \u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6848\u4f8b\u3002Nils Bubandt\u3001Thomas Schwarz Wentzer \u548c\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u5206\u6790\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6c83\u571f\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u904e\u8207\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u906d\u9047\u800c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u201d\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u975e\u897f\u65b9\u548c\u975e\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6 \u201c\u56de\u61c9\u201d \u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7368\u7279\u800c\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5206\u6790\u6307\u5357\u3002\u5b83\u6eff\u8db3\u4e86\u57fa\u65bc\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5c0d\u201c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u5c55\u793a\u77ad\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u7279\u5b9a\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7591\u554f\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u672c\u6613\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u63a2\u7d22\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u8b80\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6 Clifford Geertz \u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u3002Geertz\n\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u61f7\u7591\u6e90\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u908a\u754c\u722d\u7aef\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u662f\u5ee3\u95ca\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u540c\u6a23\u95dc\u6ce8\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5168\u90e8 \u2014\u2014 \u4f46\u5169\u8005\u7684\u9818\u57df\u4e5f\u90fd\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u908a\u754c\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5283\u5b9a\u7684\u908a\u754c\u3002\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5b58\u5728\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u986f\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u964c\u751f\u7684\u3002\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Available-Light-Anthropological-Reflections-Philosophical\/dp\/0691089566\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1ZKFBYGA405DE&amp;keywords=Available+Light%3A+Anthropological+Reflections+on+Philosophical+Topics&amp;qid=1691378485&amp;sprefix=available+light+anthropological+reflections+on+philosophical+topics%2Caps%2C629&amp;sr=8-1\">Available Light: Anthropological Reflections on Philosophical Topics<\/a>. Princeton\uff1ap ix\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u602a\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u5982\u6b64\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u5982\u6b64\u80a5\u6c83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b89\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u751f\u7522\u529b\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u9818\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u9ede\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5206\u6790\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5be6\u8e10\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u9593\u5730\u5e36\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7406\u8ad6\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u907a\u7522\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u6469\u64e6\u548c\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u8a8d\u8b58\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u9047\u5230\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6e90\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u6b21 \u201c\u908a\u5883\u8abf\u67e5\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6700\u597d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u5730\u5f62\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u5728\u5177\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5be6\u8e10\u5206\u6790 \u2013 YouTube \u4f5c\u70ba\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>\u8a66\u5716\u901a\u904e\u63d0\u51fa\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u4f86\u63a2\u7d22\u9019\u4e00\u908a\u754c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u65bc\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u54f2\u5b78\u555f\u767c\u5206\u6790\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6307\u5357 \u3002 \u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5206\u6790\u5165\u9580\u66f8\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53d7\u54f2\u5b78\u555f\u767c\u548c\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5c55\u800c\u8ff0\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u5c0b\u6c42\u5177\u9ad4\u5206\u6790\u7684 26 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\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7d50\u679c\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u64fe\u4e82\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u9019\u4e9b\u7ae0\u7bc0\u88ab\u60f3\u50cf\u70ba YouTube 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\u4f46\u624b\u518a\u4e2d\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u63d2\u5716\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7121\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u5920\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e36\u4f86\u4f7f\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3\u5177\u9ad4\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u73fe\u5834\u5de5\u4f5c\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u50cf\nYouTube \u6307\u5c0e\u8996\u983b\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5411\u60a8\u5c55\u793a\u6c96\u6ce1\u7d44\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa pH \u904e\u6ffe\u5668\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5411\u60a8\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u6f54\u548c\u66f4\u63db\u5b83\u5011\u3002YouTube\n\u6559\u5b78\u8996\u983b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u901a\u904e\u89c0\u770b\u548c\u6a21\u4eff\u5225\u4eba\u4f86\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4f60\u4e0d\u50c5\u4e86\u89e3\u76ee\u6a19\uff08\u4e00\u53f0\u529f\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5496\u5561\u6a5f\uff09\uff0c\u9084\u4e86\u89e3\u8b93\u9019\u8a72\u6b7b\u7684\u6771\u897f\u904b\u8f49\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6bcf\u9805\u55ae\u7368\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u901a\u904e\u89c0\u770b\u548c\u6a21\u4eff\u4f86\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5b83\u5df2\u7d93\u4ee5\u5b78\u5f92\u5f62\u5f0f\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u3002\u81ea\u5f9e Plato\n\u5728\u53e4\u96c5\u5178\u5efa\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e00\u6240\u5b78\u9662\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5b83\u96d6\u5df2\u65e5\u76ca\u88ab\u908a\u7de3\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u65e9\u5728 1950 \u5e74\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5316\u548c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5316\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u9ede\u662f \u201c\u9858\u666f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4f7f\u547d\u201d \u548c \u201c\u76ee\u6a19\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b78\u5f92\u5236\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4f54\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5b83\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5411\u7530\u91ce\u5c0d\u8a71\u8005\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5177\u9ad4\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u5b78\u5f92\u5236\u4f5c\u70ba\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6bd4\u55bb\u91cd\u65b0\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6975\u5927\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6548\u4eff\u53e4\u5178\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c07\u5b78\u5f92\u671f\u8996\u70ba\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u5f92\u671f \u201d \u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6559\u7df4\u7fd2\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60 \u2014\u2014 \u8b80\u8005 \u2014\u2014 \u9080\u8acb\u60a8\u89c0\u770b\u4e00\u4f4d\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u5206\u6790\u8655\u7406\u5177\u9ad4\u554f\u984c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u8b80\u8005\u662f\u5373\u5c07\u9032\u5165\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u200b\u200b\u4ee5\u53ca\u525b\u525b\u5f9e\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u56de\u4f86\u4e26\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8ecc\u8de1\u4e2d\u5c0b\u6c42\u9748\u611f\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u6c92\u6709\u63a2\u7d22\u904e\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>\u4e5f\u91dd\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u200b\u200b\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u61c9\u7528\u502b\u7406\u5b78\uff09\u5f9e\u7d93\u9a57\u8f49\u5411\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7d0d\u5165\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u9019\u88cf\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u7bc0\u90fd\u5f9e\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\u4e2d\u958b\u59cb\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u8003\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u5c0d\u5177\u9ad4\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u56f0\u60d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u6709\u6642\u4ee3\u8868\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e16\u754c\u4e36\u5728\u90a3\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u6216\u601d\u60f3\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u5145\u6eff\u6469\u64e6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u908a\u754c\u4e2d\u53cd\u601d\u54f2\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u529b\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6f5b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>\u4ee5\u7c21\u6f54\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ecb\u7d39\u7279\u5b9a\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u5176\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u793e\u6703\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7d93\u9a57\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u5c0d\u8a71\u4f5c\u70ba\u63a2\u7d22\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u70ba\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u660e\u78ba\u548c\u5177\u9ad4\u5730\u8aaa\u660e\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u884c\u7684\u3002\u6240\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u201c\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u201c\u5236\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4ed6\u5011\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u91cd\u8981\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5236\u54f2\u5b78\u5be6\u8e10\u8207\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u57f7\u884c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7de8\u8005Nils Bubandt\uff0cThomas Schwarz Wentzer\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7df4\u7fd2\u5177\u6709\u6559\u5b78\u8a87\u5f35\u7684\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u8b80\u8005\u5f9e\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5230\u5728\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5206\u6790\u89e3\u69cb\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u689d\u601d\u8def\u6216\u4e00\u689d\u6982\u5ff5\u7dda\u7d22\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5236\u662f\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u969c\u7919<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u53ea\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u7576\u4eca\u50b3\u7d71\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u6163\u4f8b\u548c\u5e38\u8b58\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u99b3\u3002\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u89d2\u6200\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u9ed8\u8a8d\u5730\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u90fd\u6703\u8207\u591a\u500b\u54f2\u5b78\u5925\u4f34\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u8abf\u60c5\u3002\u770b\u770b\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u9818\u5148\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u6703\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u54f2\u5b78\u914d\u65b9\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff1a\u5169\u676fMartin\nHeidegger\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8207\u4e09\u8336\u5319\u7684\u6c34\u4e00\u8d77\u716e\u6cb8\u3002Gilles Deleuze\u3001Giorgio\nAgamben \u548c Judith Butler \u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u64ae\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u7528\u4e00\u5718\nMichel Foucault\u3001Mikhail Bahktin \u6216W.E.B\nDu Bois \u7684\u4e00\u5718\u6fc3\u7a20\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8089\u6e6f\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9075\u5faa\u4e86Martyn\nHammersley\u548c Paul Atkinson\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u512a\u79c0\u4e14\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u9019\u88cf\u8b66\u544a\u8aaa\uff1a\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u4e9b\u6311\u9078\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u5c11\u6578\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e26\u8a66\u5716\u5b8c\u5168\u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1de Beauvoir\u3001Bourdieu\u3001Bakhtin\u3001Baudrillard\u6216 Butler\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u4f7f\u6574\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u53ea\u7b26\u5408\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u6846\u67b6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7e3d\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u3002 \uff08 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Ethnography-Martyn-Hammersley\/dp\/1138504467\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=12YUSDRCJWXBN&amp;keywords=Ethnography%3A+Principles+in+Practice&amp;qid=1691379276&amp;sprefix=ethnography+principles+in+practice%2Caps%2C596&amp;sr=8-1\">Ethnography: Principles in Practice.<\/a>, 2007: pp158\u2013159\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u7576\u7136\u662f\u500b\u597d\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6642\u523b\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002Hammersley\n\u548c Atkinson\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u65bc 1983 \u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u54f2\u5b78\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5e38\u5e38\u8868\u9054\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u4ecd\u5728\u6fc0\u70c8\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u53d7\u5230\u5973\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7522\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u8996\u89d2\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3002\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7d00 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\u6c23\u6c1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5fe0\u5be6\u65bc\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u54f2\u5b78\u6559\u7687\uff0cHammersley\n\u548c Atkinson\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5192\u96aa\u8d85\u8d8a\u4efb\u4f55\u55ae\u4e00\u7406\u8ad6\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u7121\u7591\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7576\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5df2\u88ab\u7406\u8ad6\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u65b0\u898f\u7bc4\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6fc0\u70c8\u634d\u885b\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7406\u8ad6\u7acb\u5834\u5df2\u88ab\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u7247\u6bb5\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86Hammersley\n\u548c Atkinson\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6df7\u96dc\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u70ba\u5e38\u614b\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis<\/em>\u201d \u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u9053\u5fb7\u89d2\u5ea6\u6279\u8a55\u9019\u7a2e\u7576\u4ee3\u7684\u5206\u6790\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e82\u4ea4\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u58de\u4e8b\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6df7\u96dc\u5e38\u5e38\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5176\u591a\u91cd\u54f2\u5b78\u8b5c\u7cfb\u7684\u4e0d\u9023\u8cab\u548c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u3002\u7576\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6210\u70ba\u6d41\u6d3e\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u50cf\u8a87\u5927\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5fe0\u8aa0\u4e00\u6a23\u8150\u8755\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u751a\u9ebc\u624d\u662f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u54c1\u5473\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u654f\u611f\u6027\u3002 \u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u8b58\u5225\u7684\u3002Hammersley \u548c Atkinson\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u5165\u9580\u66f8\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e \u201c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u201d \u7684\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790 \u201c\u61c9\u8a72\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u500b\u8fed\u4ee3\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u60f3\u6cd5\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u201d \uff08 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Ethnography-Martyn-Hammersley\/dp\/1138504467\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=245BHSC2VERFS&amp;keywords=Ethnography%3A+Principles+in+Practice&amp;qid=1691378538&amp;sprefix=ethnography+principles+in+practice%2Caps%2C476&amp;sr=8-1\">Ethnography: Principles in Practice<\/a> , 2007: p 159\uff09\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 \u201c\u6578\u64da data\u201d\u548c \u201c\u60f3\u6cd5 ideas\u201d \u7b49\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u66f8\u975e\u5e38\u540c\u610fHammersley \u548c Atkinson\u95dc\u65bc<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-hk\/%E8%BF%AD%E4%BB%A3%E6%B3%95\">\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3<\/a>\u672c\u8cea<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/160940690900800107\">iterative nature of analysis<\/a>\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u5169\u4f4d\u7de8\u8005Nils Bubandt, Thomas Schwarz Wentzer\u8a8d\u70ba\u5206\u6790\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u96d9\u91cd\u6027\u8cea\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u61c9\u8a72\u540c\u6642\u5c0d\u5176\u5c0d\u8c61\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u611f\u5230\u597d\u5947\u4e26\u8207\u5176\u4fdd\u6301\u81e8\u754c\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u61c9\u8a72\u5c0d\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6848\u4f8b\uff08Hammersley \u548c Atkinson\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u201c\u6578\u64da\u201d\uff09\u62b1\u6709\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u61c9\u8a72\u57f9\u990a\u5c0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u904b\u4f5c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u8ddd\u96e2\uff08\u5373Hammersley \u548c Atkinson\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u201c\u60f3\u6cd5 ideas\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u5404\u7ae0\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u96d9\u91cd\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u5206\u6790\u512a\u52e2\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u8abf\u5805\u6301\u4e00\u5957\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u8f49\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u751a\u9ebc\u4f86\u505a\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6216\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e00\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6709\u8457\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5236\u50b3\u7d71\u3002\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6574\u500b\u5b78\u8853\u751f\u6daf\u90fd\u82b1\u5728Kant\u6216 Wittgenstein\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u9019\u4f4d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\uff08\u5e7e\u4e4e\uff09\u751f\u547d\u6b77\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u4f73\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5ea6\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6574\u500b\u8077\u696d\u751f\u6daf\u5949\u737b\u7d66\u4e00\u500b\u73fe\u5834\u7ad9\u9ede\uff08\u5982Oman\uff09\u6216\u591a\u7ad9\u9ede\u73fe\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u5728\u7dda\u904a\u6232\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7d44\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u591a\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u4f86\u505a\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u5834\u5730\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5fe0\u8aa0\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u9818\u57df\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5c0d\u8a71\u8005\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b78\u79d1\u81ea\u8c6a\u611f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4fe1\u689d\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5fc5\u9808\u63a8\u7ffb\u5c0d\uff08\u897f\u65b9\uff09\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ca\u5176\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u9023\u8cab\u6027\u6216\u539f\u5275\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u627f\u8afe\u3002\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e0d\u6210\u6587\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u5ba3\u7a31\uff0c\u9019\u9580\u5b78\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b78\u8853\u8a71\u8a9e\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u548c\u5c64\u6b21\u6027\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u7684\u6975\u9650\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662fHammersley\u548cAtkinson\u5efa\u8b70\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u6df7\u96dc\u55ae\u4e00\u72c2\u8e81\u5c08\u8457\u3002Bubandt\uff0cWentzer\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u7bc0\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7126\u9ede\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u6279\u5224\u6027\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u4e5f\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u958b\u95e2\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u53c3\u8207\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5ea6\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6559\u5b78\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u56f0\u96e3\u65e5\u76ca\u6210\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u61c9\u8a72\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u5c07\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7acb\u5834\u878d\u5165\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u3002\u52aa\u529b\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u4e00\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u61c9\u8a72\u4ee5\u9023\u8cab\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f9e\u7406\u8ad6\u8df3\u5230\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8cb6\u7fa9\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u6311\u9078\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u5b78\u6703\u9032\u884c\u9019\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u9084\u4e0d\u592a\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5be6\u5730\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u64e0\u9032\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u5be6\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e4b\u9593\u72f9\u7a84\u4e14\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6559\u6388\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u7cfb\u5f80\u5f80\u64c1\u6709\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ab2\u7a0b\n\u2014\u2014\n\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u6c38\u9060\u8a66\u5716\u8d95\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u8207\u904e\u53bb\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e16\u754c \u2014\u2014 \u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u95dc\u6ce8\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6280\u8853\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u904e\u65bc\u95dc\u6ce8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u9010\u6f38\u7c21\u5316\u70ba\u6280\u8853\uff1a\u534a\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u8a2a\u8ac7\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u683c\u5f0f\u6216\u5728\u7dda\u73fe\u5834\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6280\u8853\u7d30\u7bc0\u3001\u7126\u9ede\u5c0f\u7d44\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u7d44\u7e54\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/gdpr-info.eu\/art-7-gdpr\/\">GDPR\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5178\u7bc4\u540c\u610f\u66f8<\/a>\uff0c\u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/archaeologicalethics.org\/code-of-ethics\/american-anthropological-association-aaa-ethics-blog-principles-of-professional-responsibility\/\">AAA\u9053\u5fb7\u6e96\u5247<\/a>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\n\u201c\u4e0d\u50b7\u5bb3\ndoing-no-harm\u201d\n\u7684\u5e73\u5eb8\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u8ab2\u7a0b\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u6210\u719f\u7684\u985e\u5225\uff0c\u5e36\u9818\u5b78\u751f\u4e86\u89e3\u793e\u6703\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u95dc\u9375\u8faf\u8ad6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u8981\u54f2\u5b78\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u8ab2\u7a0b\u985e\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5c1a\u672a\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5206\u6790\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5f80\u5f80\u63a1\u53d6\u95b1\u8b80\u5c08\u8457\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u5357\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u5357\u544a\u8a34\u60a8\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u6790\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u61c9\u8a72\u505a\u751a\u9ebc\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u578b\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u5357\u5c31\u50cf\u5496\u5561\u6a5f\u624b\u518a\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e0d\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5177\u9ad4\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8ab2\u7a0b\u662f\u72f9\u9698\u7684\u6280\u8853\u6027\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5206\u6790\u6210\u70ba\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UZm8ObIht04\">NVivo<\/a> \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u8edf\u4ef6\u9032\u884c\u5b9a\u6027 \u201c\u5206\u6790\u201d \u6216\u9032\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u985e\u578b\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6558\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8a71\u8a9e\u5206\u6790\u6216\u64f4\u5c55\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5177\u6709\u8af7\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u5982\u6b64\u7194\u5316\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u8b58\u5225\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u6027\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6703\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u6216\u7406\u8ad6\u5fe0\u8aa0\u65b9\u9762\u9032\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u8a8d\u540c\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u8c6a\u5730\u6210\u70ba\n\u201c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\nstructuralist\u201d\u3001\u201c\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\nMarxist\u201d\u6216 \u201c\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\npoststructuralist\u201d\n\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u5df2\u7d93\u4e00\u53bb\u4e0d\u5fa9\u8fd4\u4e86\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 \u201c\u5c0d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u201d\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/1097\/1\/012062\/pdf\">STS\n\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\u3001\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u548c\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u8f49\u5411\u90fd\u8072\u7a31\u662f\u5beb\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u5be6\u9a57\u6216\u5206\u6790\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56b4\u683c\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u5ba3\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8072\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u53d7\u5230\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\n\u201c\u555f\u767c\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\u4ecd\u7136\u5141\u8a31\u4ed6\u5011\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7406\u8ad6\u8abf\u60c5\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\u4f54\u64da\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u9748\u611f\u4f86\u6e90\n\u2014\u2014\n\u4f8b\u5982\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u3001\u5973\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u7d44\u5408\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u9177\u5152\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u53bb\u6b96\u6c11\u7406\u8ad6 \u2014\u2014 \u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\n\u201c\u7d44\u5408\u5834\nassembled\nfields\u201d \u9996\u5148\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u7576\u5206\u6790\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u57df\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u95dc\u6ce8\u9ede\u6642\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u6666\u6f80\u4e4b\u8655 \u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u4f7f\u5176\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8207\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u6559\u6388\u548c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5206\u6790\uff1f\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u5c31\u662f \u201c<em>Philosophy on Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d\n\u8a8d\u70ba\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u54f2\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002 \u7576\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u544a\u77e5\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7406\u8ad6\u7f3a\u9677\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u4e00\u592b\u591a\u59bb\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9080\u8acb\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u66ab\u6642\u53c3\u8207\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u5979\/\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6574\u7ae0\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u53c3\u8207\u4e00\u9805\u54f2\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u5be6\u9a57\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5fc5\u9808\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u773c\u5149\u770b\u5f85\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u90a3\u6703\u662f\u8ab0\uff1f \u4e00\u65e6\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\uff0c\u8acb\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u201d \u901a\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u8b80\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u4e00\u7779\u6240\u6709\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u7a4d\u7d2f\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u6ac3\u5b50\u3002\u6bcf\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff1a\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u6559\u4ed6\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u7d44\u88dd\u7684\u7bb1\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u6253\u958b\u5b83\u4e5f\u7570\u5e38\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u662f\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5206\u6790\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u5305\u7df4\u7fd2\u3002\u901a\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u5c07\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b78\u5f92\u8a13\u7df4\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u76f8\u4e92\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f7f\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u6bd4\u81ea\u8eab\u66f4\u958b\u653e\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u9032\u884c\u50b3\u8a18\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u6642\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u548c\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u5176\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\u8207\u4e00\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u5c0d\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u767c\u51fa\u9080\u8acb\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u969c\u7919\ncreative\nobstruction\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u969c\u7919\u56e020 \u4e16\u7d0090 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u96fb\u5f71\u651d\u5f71\u4e2d\u6240\u8b02\u7684\n\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.movementsinfilm.com\/dogme-95\">Dogme 95<\/a>\u201d\n\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5e72\u9810\u800c\u805e\u540d\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u5c07\u6b0a\u529b\u6b78\u9084\u7d66\u5c0e\u6f14\uff0c\u4e26\u53cd\u5c0d\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u5546\u696d\u96fb\u5f71\u7d93\u5e38\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6280\u8853\u904e\u5ea6\u88fd\u4f5c\uff0cLars\nvon Trier\u3001Thomas Vinterberg\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u5c0f\u7fa3\u4e39\u9ea5\u96fb\u5f71\u88fd\u4f5c\u4eba\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u88fd\u4f5c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5341\u9805\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u6c42\u96fb\u5f71\n&#8211;\n\u88fd\u9020\u5546\u8072\u660e\u9075\u5b88 \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogme95.dk\/the-vow-of-chastity\/\">\u8c9e\u6f54\u8a93\u8a00Vow of Chastity<\/a>\u201d\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8a72\u8a93\u8a00\u5305\u62ec\u627f\u8afe\u76f8\u6a5f\u61c9\u59cb\u7d42\u624b\u6301\uff0c\u62cd\u651d\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u73fe\u5834\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u5716\u50cf\u4e4b\u5916\u7522\u751f\u8072\u97f3\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5718\u968a\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u969c\u7919\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff1a\u4f5c\u70ba\u6fc0\u767c\u5275\u9020\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6b63\u5982von\nTrier \u548c Vinterberg\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f60<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d88\u9664\u7528\u5e95\u5c64\u97f3\u6a02\u6216\u756b\u5916\u97f3 \u201c\u62ef\u6551\u201d \u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5834\u666f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002 \u60a8\u5fc5\u9808\u60f3\u51fa\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c07\u97f3\u6a02\u878d\u5165\u60a8\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u4e2d\u3002\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Playing-Waves-Triers-Culture-Transition\/dp\/9053569790\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=34TDK5SFH4YRW&amp;keywords=Playing+the+Waves.+Lars+von+Trier%E2%80%99s+Game+Cinema&amp;qid=1691378584&amp;sprefix=playing+the+waves.+lars+von+trier+s+game+cinema%2Caps%2C504&amp;sr=8-1\"> Playing the Waves. Lars von Trier\u2019s Game Cinema<\/a>. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press\uff0c2007\uff1ap 22 \uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>Philosophy on Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d\n\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53cd\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u54f2\u5b78\u904e\u5ea6\u4fee\u98fe\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u5617\u8a66\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u60f3\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5c0d\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u751a\u5c11\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u5426\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u5feb\u901f\n\u201c\u65c1\u767d voice-over\u201d\n\u6240 \u201c\u62ef\u6551\u201d\uff1f\u5c31\u50cf\u592a\u591a\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u8a2d\u5099\u548c\u592a\u591a\u7684\u7279\u6548\u6700\u7d42\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u964d\u4f4e\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u592a\u591a\u9650\u5236\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4fc3\u9032\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5c0f\u73a9\u610f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6df9\u6c92\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8cea\u91cf\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u5805\u6301\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e14\u50c5\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u5275\u9020\u6027\u969c\u7919\u65e8\u5728\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u5354\u5546\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u727d\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u63d0\u51fa\u5206\u6790\u5275\u9020\u529b\u7684\u6311\u6230\u548c\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u201c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\none-philosopher-only\u201d\n\u7684\u969c\u7919\u6566\u4fc3\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u67d0\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u505c\u7559\u66f4\u9577\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u6216\u60f3\u6cd5\u958b\u59cb\u53cd\u64ca\u6216\u4e8b\u4ef6\u958b\u59cb \u201c\u53cd\u5c0d object\nto\u201d \u8a72\u6982\u5ff5\u6642\u7e7c\u7e8c\u524d\u9032\u3002\u540c\u6642\u5e0c\u671b\u9019\u80fd\u8b93\u8b80\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u9078\u96c6\u4e2d26 \u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u8d70\u591a\u9060\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u6bcf\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ca\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5947\u8e5f\u548c\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u5947\u8e5f Bifocal wonder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u53cd\u5c0d\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u7dad\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u5e36\u5165\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u4ee4\u4eba\u8cbb\u89e3\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8d0a\u540c\u95dc\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u76f8\u7576\u5de5\u5177\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8aa4\u8b80\u8aaa\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u662f\u5c07\u67d0\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\u5de5\u5177 \u201c\u61c9\u7528\u201d \u5230\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u6750\u6599\u4e0a \u2014\u2014\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u9019\u7a2e\u201c\u6750\u6599\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u5f9e\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u525d\u596a\u4e86\u6982\u5ff5\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u597d\u50cf\u201c\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u53d7\u4e16\u754c\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7522\u751f\u7684\u3002\u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6c92\u6709\u5c07\u5206\u6790\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u6b7b\u8a18\u786c\u80cc\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ab2\u7a0b\u6240\u8b8a\u6210\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff1f\u660e\u78ba\u4e00\u9ede\uff1a\u672c\u66f8\u986f\u7136\u4e0d\u8d0a\u540c\u9019\u7a2e\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u54f2\u5b78\u4e4b\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5c31\u50cf\u666e\u904d\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u8aaa\u54f2\u5b78\u6d89\u53ca\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u95dc\u6ce8\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u53ea\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u5316\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 \u201c\u63d0\u51fa\u201d \u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5b78\u5bb6\u5247\u63cf\u8ff0\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u5be6\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u722d\u8ad6\u548c\u5404\u7a2e\u8f49\u6298\u6240\u8868\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u73fe\u5728\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u66f4\u52a0\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u4ee5 Eduardo Viveiros de Castro\u57fa\u65bc\u5c0d\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u8996\u89d2\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u9577\u671f\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u2026\u2026\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8abf\u67e5\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6b63\u5728\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u6982\u5ff5\u9806\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u524d\u63d0\u4e4b\u4e0a\u201d\u3002\u6216\u8005\u4ee5 Barry Hallen \u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5617\u8a66\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a66\u5716\u767c\u5c55\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u4f5c\u70ba\u975e\u6d32\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u201d\uff08 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Good-Bad-Beautiful-Discourse-Culture\/dp\/0253214165\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=180W1C5A79VBE&amp;keywords=The+Good%2C+the+Bad%2C+and+the+Beautiful%3A+Discourse+About+Values+in+Yoruba+Culture&amp;qid=1691378950&amp;sprefix=the+good%2C+the+bad%2C+and+the+beautiful+discourse+about+values+in+yoruba+culture%2Caps%2C512&amp;sr=8-1\">The Good, the Bad, and the Beautiful: Discourse About Values in Yoruba Culture<\/a>. Bloomington: 2001\uff1ap 125 \uff09\u3002\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u8a66\u5716\u52d5\u6416\u54f2\u5b78\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u9996\u5148\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u4ee5\u53ca\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u8ab0\u6703\u601d\u8003\u9019\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u53bb\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6240\u60f3\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\u3002\n\u78ba\u5be6\uff0c\u9080\u8acb\u54f2\u5b78\u53c3\u8207\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7b26\u5408\u897f\u65b9\u7d19\u4e0a\u8ac7\u5175\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5f62\u8c61\u5047\u88dd\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c \u5982\u679c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u884c\u5176\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8655\u7406\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u754c\u53ca\u5176\u73fe\u5be6\u4e8b\u52d9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u95dc\u6ce8\u9ede\u64da\u7a31\u662f\u9059\u9060\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u523b\u677f\u5370\u50cf\u662f\u57fa\u65bcPlato\u6642\u4ee3\u5df2\u7d93\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cPlato\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u4f86\u81eaMilet\u7684\u8457\u540d\u8056\u4ebaThales\u7684\u8efc\u4e8b\u3002Thales\u5728\u51dd\u8996\u661f\u7a7a\u6642\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u6389\u9032\u4e86\u4e95\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u8b93\u8def\u904e\u7684\u5973\u50d5\u5f88\u958b\u5fc3\u3002\u54f2\u5b78\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5c0d\u65e5\u5e38\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u7f3a\u4e4f\u95dc\u6ce8\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u4e3b\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5047\u8a2d\u51dd\u8996\u661f\u661f\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u5728\u640d\u5bb3\u54f2\u5b78\u55ce\uff1f\u5c0dPlato\u6558\u8ff0\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u662f\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5973\u50d5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fMilet\u8056\u4eba\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u5f88\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u54f2\u5b78\u5492\u8a9e\u53ca\u5176\n\u201c\u829d\u9ebb\u958b\u9580\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5e0c\u671b\u8b80\u8005\u5f9e\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u6a19\u984c\uff1a\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u7f6e\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u4e2d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u771f\u6b63\u5c07\u5176\u4ed8\u8af8\u5be6\u8e10\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Immanuel Kant\u8eab\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u8981\u634d\u885b\u7684\u8b70\u7a0b\uff1a\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u8a72\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u7576\u8ac7\u5230\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u9060\u7a0b\u6276\u624b\u6905\u548c\u89c0\u661f\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Kant\u57281787 \u5e74\u7684 \u201c<em>Critique of Pure Reason<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff1a\u201c\u6c92\u6709\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\u662f\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u201d\uff08Kant\uff0c1998\uff1aB 75\uff09\uff0cAbraham\nEdel\u5f8c\u4f86\u5c07\u5176\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u201c\u6c92\u6709\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u662f\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u662f\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u201d\uff08 \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/664722\">Some Relations\nof Philosophy and Anthropology<\/a>\u201d\uff09\u3002\u4e4d\u4e00\u770b\uff0cKant\u7684\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u4f3c\u4e4e\u652f\u6301\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u76f4\u89ba\u4e4b\u9593\u667a\u529b\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u660e\u78ba\u5283\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff1a\u54f2\u5b78\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u9818\u57df\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u65bc\u9818\u57df\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5728\u76f4\u89ba\u6216\u7d93\u9a57\u9818\u57df\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u4ed4\u7d30\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0cKant\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff1a\u6982\u5ff5\u601d\u7dad\u548c\u76f4\u89ba\u90fd\u662f\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fd\u529b\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u65b9\u3002\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u76f4\u89ba\u662f\u4e92\u88dc\u7684\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u6d1e\u5bdf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u4e0a\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u53ea\u80fd\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\n\u201c\u53ea\u662f\u201d \u8aaa\u660e\u6216\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u601d\u60f3\u5df2\u7d93\u9810\u898b\u5230\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u60f3\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7d93\u9a57\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b83\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u662f\u5728\u8868\u9054\u4efb\u4f55\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u6216\u7d93\u6b77\u67d0\u4e8b\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u6703\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u67d0\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u8a9e\u6c23\u6216\u8868\u9054\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u7269\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u201c\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u201d\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5011\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u8b80\u5230\u7684\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff0c\u4ed6\u6559\u5c0e\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8996\u70ba\u59cb\u7d42\u4ea4\u7e54\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u5728\u601d\u7dad\u611f\u77e5\u4e2d\u901a\u904e\u5f7c\u6b64\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u898b\u7684Kant\u8ad6\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u8f49\u5411\u9019\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u8005\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e00\u6a23\u591a\u5730\u601d\u8003\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u78b0\u5de7\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e26\u53d7\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6b63\u5982Eduardo Viveiros de Castro\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u53ea\u6709\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7f6e\u65bc\u5371\u96aa\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8996\u70ba\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u70ba\u54f2\u5b78\u3002\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u4eba\u548c\u7db2\u7d61\u904a\u6232\u73a9\u5bb6\u8207 Kant\u4e00\u6a23\u6709\u54f2\u5b78\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u95dc\u65bc\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u793e\u5340\u6216\u7db2\u7d61\u904a\u6232\u73a9\u5bb6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u63a8\u7ffb\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u800c\u662f \u201c\u4ee5\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u9006\u8f49\u201d \u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u821e\u53f0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.journals.uchicago.edu\/doi\/full\/10.14318\/hau3.3.032\">The relative native | HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory<\/a>\uff09\u3002 \u597d\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u6b63\u662f\u5c07\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6982\u5ff5\u8a8d\u771f\u5730\u8996\u70ba\u7406\u8ad6\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u52d5\u6416\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002 \u4ee5 Marcel Mauss \u901a\u904e\u6ce2\u5229\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u7684 hau \u6982\u5ff5\u5c0d\u4e92\u60e0\u6027\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff08<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Gift-Functions-Exchange-Archaic-Societies-ebook\/dp\/B087JF2S8S\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3FSQ4EPMDCVWA&amp;keywords=The+Gift%3A+Forms+and+Functions+of+Exchange+in+Archaic+Societies&amp;qid=1691380429&amp;sprefix=the+gift+forms+and+functions+of+exchange+in+archaic+societies%2Caps%2C488&amp;sr=8-1\">The Gift: Forms and Functions of Exchange in Archaic Societies<\/a><\/em>\uff09\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u4e2d\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u6216\u502b\u7406\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u70ba\u4f8b\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5f9e\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u5011\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981 Eduardo Viveiros de Castro \uff08<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unil.ch\/stslab\/files\/live\/sites\/stslab\/files\/Actu\/Perspectival%20Anthropology%20and%20the%20Method%20of%20Controlled%20Equivocati.pdf\">Perspectival Anthropology and the Method of Controlled Equivocation<\/a><\/em>\uff0c2004\uff09\u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u6a21\u68f1\u5169\u53ef\u201d\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\u4efb\u4f55\u7d66\u5b9a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u5dee\u7570\u6027\u548c\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u7570\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7d50\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a5\u53d7\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u6b64\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u57f9\u990a\u5c0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u96b1\u85cf\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e26\u53ef\u80fd\u5f9e\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u7570\u6027 \u2014\u2014 \u6709\u6642\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u7531\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u51fa\u73fe\uff1f\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u5404\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4ee5\u591a\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u898b\u7684Kant\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u6253\u958b\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u7d93\u9a57\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u660e\u986f\u7d66\u51fa\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u88ab\u6253\u958b\u548c\u8f49\u8b8a\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u5b83\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cHammersley \u548c Atkinson\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684 \u201c\u8fed\u4ee3iterative\u201d \u7576\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d85\u8d8a\u5b83\u5011\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u5206\u6790\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u6a21\u68f1\u5169\u53ef\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u4eba\u7a2e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5141\u8a31\u6df7\u5408\u7acb\u5834\u548c\u96d9\u7126\u95dc\u6ce8\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u96d9\u7126\u6027\u8b93\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u5f97\u4ee5\u589e\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0cPlato\u548cAristotle\u90fd\u8072\u7a31\n\u201c\u5947\u8e5f wonder\u201d\n\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u60c5\u611f\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u548c\u4e0d\u5b89\u6b78\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u5fc3\u7406\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u9ad4\u9a57\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0d\u6297\u4e00\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6216\u8a8d\u77e5\u61c9\u5c0d\uff08\u4ee5Plato\u7684Socrates\u70ba\u6a19\u8a8c\u6027\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u90fd\u8a66\u5716\u5f15\u767c\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u5947\u8e5f\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\uff1a\u4ed6\u5011\u6839\u64da\u4e00\u7d44\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u54f2\u5b78\u7dda\u7d22\u4f86\u5448\u73fe\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6839\u64da\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u96e3\u984c\u4f86\u6e2c\u8a66\u4ed6\u5011\u6307\u5c0e\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u548c\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u5947\u8e5f\u4e5f\u63a5\u8fd1\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7fd2\u8a9e\u4e2d\u6240\u8b02\u7684\n\u201c\u7d93\u9a57\u8faf\u8b49\u6cd5\ndialectic\nof experience\u201d\uff1a \u8faf\u8b49\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6578\u64da\u201d\u7684\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\u4eba\u5011\u6700\u521d\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002Hegel\u7684\u770b\u5f85\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5805\u6301\u6d88\u6975\u7684\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u9019\u7e3d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7f6e\u65bc\u5371\u96aa\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5b83\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u64da\u8aaa\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u8655\u7406\u5b83\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u5b7f\u751f\u59d0\u59b9\uff0c\u7576\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u89e3\u91cb\u5979\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6750\u6599\u6642\u5c07\u5979\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7f6e\u65bc\u5371\u96aa\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u6216\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u6216\u8a18\u9304\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u904e\u6982\u5ff5\u93e1\u982d\u624d\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\u5176\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u7576\u54f2\u5b78\u5728\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e4b\u9593\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u76f4\u89ba\uff08Kant\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u6469\u64e6\u7684\u6a21\u68f1\u5169\u53ef\u7684\u4f86\u56de\u5c31\u88ab\u4e0a\u6f14\u6216\u653e\u4e0a\u4e86\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u6539\u8b8a\u4eba\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u4ed8\u8af8\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u4e5f\u9762\u81e8\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u89c0\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u56de\u9867\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u3002Clifford Geertz\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790 \u2014\u2014 \u8207\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c \u2014\u2014 \u9700\u8981\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u667a\u529b\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba \u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0 thick description\u201d\u3002 \u9019\u662fClifford Geertz\u5f9eWittgenstein\u7684\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u82f1\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Gilbert Ryle \u90a3\u88e1\u501f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u3002Ryle\u7684 \u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u201d \u6982\u5ff5\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u98a8\u683c\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u63ed\u793a\u7728\u773c\u548c\u773c\u775b\u62bd\u6410\u4e4b\u9593 \u201c\u7121\u6cd5\u62cd\u651d unphotographable\u201d \u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u96d6\u7136 \u201c\u6dfa\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0 thin description\u201d \u5805\u6301\u5ba2\u89c0\u548c\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684 \u201c\u6211\u662f\u76f8\u6a5f\u201d \u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u898b\u8b49\u773c\u775b\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6536\u7e2e\uff0c\u4f46 \u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a66\u5716\u5f15\u5165\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u4ee5\u7728\u773c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63ed\u793a\u773c\u7403\u904b\u52d5\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u201c\u7df4\u7fd2\u670b\u53cb\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u6ed1\u7a3d\u8868\u6f14\u201d \u7728\u773c\u4f86\u6b3a\u9a19\u7121\u8f9c\u8005\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9670\u8b00\u6b63\u5728\u767c\u751f\u201d\uff08 \u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Interpretation-Cultures-Clifford-Geertz\/dp\/0465093558\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=37X9UAB98TMJY&amp;keywords=The+Interpretation+of+Cultures&amp;qid=1691379004&amp;sprefix=the+interpretation+of+cultures%2Caps%2C1755&amp;sr=8-1\">The Interpretation of Cultures<\/a><\/em>\u201d\uff0c1973\uff1ap 7\uff09\u3002 \u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u201d \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u4f9d\u8cf4\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u63a5\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002Geertz\u91cd\u65b0\u904b\u7528\u4e86Ryle\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u63ed\u793a\u4ed6\u6240\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u5177\u9ad4\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u4f9d\u9760\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u904b\u7528\u4f86\u63ed\u793a\u4ed6\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5f15\u8ff0\u6216\u50b3\u8a18\u7684\u7368\u7279\u6027\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u904b\u7528\u672c\u8eab\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u201c\u61c9\u7528\u201d\u5230\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u201d\u4e00\u6839\u64ac\u68cd\u4f86\u6253\u958b\u9580\u6216\u5728\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u201c\u5857\u201d\u4e00\u5c64\u6e05\u6f06\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u201c\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u201d\u3002\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u62bd\u6410\u201d\u3002 \u5b83\u4f7f\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u9084\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u904b\u8f49\u7684\u6975\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u54f2\u5b78\u7e3d\u662f\u9762\u81e8\u8457\u8b8a\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u6771\u897f\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u5206\u6790\u61c9\u8a72\u6562\u65bc\u5192\u9019\u500b\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ab0\u7b97\u5f97\u4e0a\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4efb\u4f55\u9078\u64c7\u90fd\u6709\u908a\u754c\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7b56\u5c55\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u504f\u898b\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u7b56\u5c55\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u7531\u65bc\u6b64\u985e\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4f46\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u89e3\u91cb\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\u3002\u5f9e\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u61c9\u8a72\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u540c\u610fMichael D. Jackson\u7684\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981 \u201c\u5047\u8a2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u8fb2\u6c11\u3001\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u3001\u5de5\u4eba\u3001\u5a66\u5973 \u2014\u2014 \u5728\u64c1\u6709\u667a\u6167\u6216\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u9762\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5982\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u201d\uff08 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Wide-World-Wise-Philosophical-Anthropology\/dp\/023117828X\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=6ONFYYWYJMVA&amp;keywords=As+Wide+as+the+World+Is+Wise%3A+Reinventing+Philosophical+Anthropology&amp;qid=1691379035&amp;sprefix=as+wide+as+the+world+is+wise+reinventing+philosophical+anthropology%2Caps%2C490&amp;sr=8-1\">As Wide as the World Is Wise: Reinventing Philosophical Anthropology<\/a>\uff0c2016\uff1a12\uff09\u3002\u901a\u904e\u9078\u64c7\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a69\u4eba\u3001\u756b\u5bb6\u3001\u7267\u5e2b\u6216\u8fb2\u6c11\u4f5c\u70ba\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u540c\u4f34\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u6fc0\u767c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\uff1b\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6697\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u7fa3\u58df\u65b7\u601d\u60f3\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u667a\u8005\u7d93\u5178\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u6240\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5f37\u8abf\u4e00\u4e9b\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u5206\u6790\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u9069\u7576\u7d93\u5178\u6216\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u6b63\u5982Kant\u5df2\u7d93\u660e\u78ba\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u6240\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5973\u738b\u201d \u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u5df2\u7d93\u7d50\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u8b80\u70ba\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e86\u67d0\u7a2e\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u9650\u5236\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u4f46\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u767d\u4eba\u548c\u7537\u6027\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709 5 \u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e0d\u662f\u767d\u4eba\u6216\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5176\u9918 21 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u8457\u8907\u96dc\u4e14\u7d93\u5e38\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u76e1\u6700\u5927\u52aa\u529b\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u5225\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6709 21 \u540d\u662f\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709 5 \u540d\u662f\u5973\u6027\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7e31\u5bb9\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7537\u6027\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u767d\u4eba\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8056\u5f92\u50b3\u8a18\uff0c\u5b83\u53cd\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u53bb\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u548c\u9177\u5152\u5316\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u3002\u7121\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\uff0c\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6b96\u6c11\u3001\u6027\u5225\u548c\u793e\u6703\u504f\u898b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8056\u5730\u53ef\u4ee5\u634d\u885b\u9019\u4e9b\u504f\u898b\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u548c\u7537\u6027\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u78ba\u5be6\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u548c\u7236\u6b0a\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u5f8c\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6b0a\u529b\u8ecc\u8de1\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6700\u7d42\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6c92\u6709\u5beb\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u5bb6\u8b5c\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u6eff\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff1a\u201c<em>Philosophy on Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u7684\u76ee\u9304\u4e26\u4e0d\u8072\u7a31\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4eba\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u5049\u5927\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7d93\u5178\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96a8\u6a5f\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u4eba\u548c\u63a5\u89f8\u904e\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u8db3\u4ee5\u5beb\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u64da\u77e5\u7de8\u8005\u66fe\u7d04\u7a3fBell Hooks\u3001Donna Haraway\u3001Luce Irigaray\u3001Edith Stein \u548c Martha Nussbaum\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u5404\u7a2e\u5be6\u969b\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u554f\u984c\u800c\u544a\u7d42\u3002\u7de8\u8005\u4ea6\u59d4\u8a17\u64b0\u5beb\u6709\u95dcBruno Latour\u3001Emmanuel Levinas\u3001J\u00fcrgen Habermas\u3001Henri Bergson\u548c Emmanuel Tarde \u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u7531\u65bc\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u64f1\u6dfa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>Philosophy on Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d\n\u65e8\u5728\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7ae0\u7bc0\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u5982\u4f55\u5e6b\u52a9\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u601d\u8003\u4e26\u4f7f\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7d93\u9a57\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790\u8b8a\u5f97\u751f\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u4e5f\u662f\u8b93\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u7d93\u9a57\u8d85\u8d8a\u897f\u65b9\u5b78\u8853\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5f9e\u897f\u65b9\u5b78\u8853\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7d93\u9a57\u61c9\u8a72\u6311\u6230\u897f\u65b9\u95dc\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5e38\u8b58\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u54f2\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u3002\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u5e38\u8b58\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3002\u5728\u9019\u5177\u6709\u8af7\u523a\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5e38\u5e38\u4f86\u81ea\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\n\u2014\u2014 \u7121\u8ad6\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u5982\u4f55 \u2014\u2014 \u5728\u897f\u65b9\u77e5\u8b58\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u77e5\u8b58\u6a5f\u69cb\u70ba\u8cea\u7591\u897f\u65b9\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u8b5c\u7cfb\u58df\u65b7\u548c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u667a\u529b\u71c3\u6599\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5c0b\u6c42\u901a\u904e\u96d9\u7126\u5947\u8e5f\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u91ce\u5fc3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5c0d\u7d14\u7cb9\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u5f92\u52de\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u8207\u9ebb\u7169\u5171\u5b58\u201d\u7684\u91ce\u5fc3\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u548c\u901a\u904e\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u6aa2\u67e5\u5176\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u76f2\u9ede\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u78b0\u5de7\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u5947\u8e5f\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u540c\u6a23\u53d7\u5230\u201c\u56f0\u64fe\u201d\u3002\u672c\u8457\u9019\u7a2e\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u5fe0\u5be6\u5730\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u6bcf\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u6b77\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u5982\u4f55\u8cea\u7591\u548c\u8cea\u7591\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86 \u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u7b56\u5c55\u504f\u898b\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\u7d93\u904e\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u616e\u548c\u6545\u610f\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u504f\u898b\uff0c\u5373\u6642\u9593\u6027\u504f\u898b\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u628a\u6642\u9593\u5b9a\u57281900\u5e74\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff08\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95dc\u65bcIbn-Rusd\u548c\u5b54\u5b50\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff09\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca20\u4e16\u7d00\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8b80\u8005\u5c07\u5f92\u52de\u5730\u5c0b\u627e\u91cd\u65b0\u5f15\u7528\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u3001\u7f85\u99ac\u3001\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u3001\u65e9\u671f\u73fe\u4ee3\u3001\u555f\u8499\u904b\u52d5\u6216\u53e4\u5178\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u3002\u5728 1900 \u5e74\u5283\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u662f\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7406\u7531\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u958b\u59cb\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u73fe\u4ee3\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u958b\u59cb\u30021900\u5e74\u4e5f\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8f49\u6298\u9ede\u3002\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u958b\u59cb\u6cbf\u8457\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5927\u9678\u5206\u6790\u5206\u754c\u7dda\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5169\u689d\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\uff1a\u7531\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u7d93\u9a57\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u5c08\u696d\u5316\uff0c\u9762\u5c0d\u5404\u7a2e\u767c\u73fe\u548c\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u53ef\u6d88\u8017\u6027\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u61f7\u7591\u3002Nietzsche\u65bc 1900 \u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4ed6\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5df2\u6b7b\uff0c\u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u4ed6\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f35\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u5730\u5ba3\u544a\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u54f2\u5b78\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\u3002\u6839\u64daNietzsche\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u904e\u65bc\u96e3\u4ee5\u99d5\u99ad\u548c\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u7528\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u9ad4\u4fc2\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u3002\u9019\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u9a57\u7684\u63a8\u6e2c\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u8a71\u8a9e\u201d\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5c0d\u8c61\u9818\u57df\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u7372\u5f97\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u5be6\u8e10\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u9ec3\u91d1\u6a19\u6e96\uff1f\n\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u54f2\u5b78\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u5169\u7a2e\u76f8\u4e92\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4f86\u61c9\u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u6311\u6230\uff1a\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u54f2\u5b78\u3002\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u7fd2\u6163\u65bc\u9075\u5faa\nGottlob Frege \u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7f6e\u65bc\uff08\u6216\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\uff09\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5927\u9678\u5206\u754c\u7dda\u7684\u4e00\u5074\uff0cBertrand\nRussell \u548c G.E. Moore \u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u5206\u6790\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u662f Wilhelm Dilthey \u3001Edmund Husserl \u548c Henri Bergson \u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5171\u540c\u95dc\u6ce8\u767c\u5c55\u4e00\u7a2e\uff08\u5148\u9a57\u7684\uff09\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u3002\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5b78\u548c\u8a9e\u7528\u5b78 \u2014\u2014 \u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531Peirce\u3001Wittgenstein\u548cAustin\u9b06\u6563\u5730\u4ee3\u8868\n\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u7a2e\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u8a9e\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u3002\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65b7\u662f\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u548c\u6b50\u9678\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cHusserl\u3001Heidegger\u3001Gadamer\u6216Benjamin\u7b49\u4eba\u90fd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u9032\u884c\u904e\u8655\u7406\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4e4b\u4ea4\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u9ad4\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u81ea\u6211\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u79d1\u5b78\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8207\u5927\u9678\u7684\u5340\u5225\u5df2\u7d93\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u98a8\u683c\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\u6a19\u8a18\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u5404\u7a2e\u6df7\u5408\u6216\u4e2d\u9593\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8aaa\uff0c1900 \u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u8a71\u8a9e\u672c\u8eab\u53ca\u5176\u5411\u4eba\u985e\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e16\u754c\u5ef6\u4f38\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u722d\u596a\u7684\u6230\u5834\u3002\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u8b8a\u9769\u4f7f\u7576\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u8868\u660e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 1900 \u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u91cd\u751f\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u8207\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u532f\u624d\u8b8a\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u731c\u7591\u4e0d\u65b7\u52a0\u5287\uff0c\u9818\u571f\u722d\u596a\u6230\u4e5f\u96a8\u4e4b\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u9748\u611f\u5f97\u4ee5\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6309\u7167\u6642\u9593\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u540d\u55ae\u5f9eCharles Sanders Peirce\uff08\u5728Webb Keane\u7684\u5e36\u9818\u4e0b\u524d\u5f80\u722a\u54c7\u8056\u4eba\u7684\u58b3\u5893\uff09\u548cWilliam James\uff08\u5728Doug Hollan\u7684\u5e36\u9818\u4e0b\u524d\u5f80\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5cf6\u5dbc\u8607\u62c9\u5a01\u897f\u5cf6\uff09\u958b\u59cb\u3002Peirce\u548cJames\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u958b\u5275\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230 1880 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u986f\u7136\u5c6c\u65bc 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u54f2\u5b78\u3002Peirce\u76f4\u5230 20 \u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8072\u8b7d\uff0c\u7576\u6642John Dewey \u548c Bertrand Russell\u7b49\u4eba\u90fd\u5ba3\u50b3\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u908f\u8f2f\u5b78\u548c\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\uff08Peirce\uff09\u548c\u5be6\u9a57\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\uff08James\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u79d1\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\u3002Webb\nKeane\u5c0d\u722a\u54c7\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u58b3\u5893\u5d07\u62dc\u53ca\u5176\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u6279\u8a55\uff08\u6709\u6642\u4f86\u81ea\u653f\u6cbb\u7576\u5c40\uff09\u9032\u884c\u4e86Peirce\u5f0f\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9019\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5c0d\u7269\u8cea\u6587\u7269\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u53ca\u5176\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cKeane\u7684\u5206\u6790\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u4e0a\u662f\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u9019\u5834\u9b25\u722d\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u8868\u660e\u7acb\u5834\u3002Douglas\nHollan \u5e36\u9818\u8b80\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86 Toraja \u9577\u8001 Nene\u2019na\nTandi \u7684\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u52d5\u76ea\u6642\u671f\u800c\u5dee\u9ede\u55aa\u547d\u3002\u81ea\u5df1\u7015\u81e8\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u6210\u70baNene\u2019na\nTandi\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u9ede\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6539\u8b8a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\uff0cDouglas Hollan\u9080\u8acbWilliam James\u4f86\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u5e73\u8861James\u548c\u9b45\u529b\u5341\u8db3\u7684Nene\u2019na\nTandi\uff0cHolla\u5805\u6301Nene\u2019na\nTandi\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0cJames\u4e0d\u50c5\u6703\u6b23\u8cde\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u5b97\u6559\u7d93\u9a57\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6539\u9032\u3002John\nLangshaw Austin \u5c07\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u5206\u6790\u878d\u5165\u65e5\u5e38\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728Charles Briggs \u7684\u5e36\u9818\u4e0b\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u59d4\u5167\u745e\u62c9\u7684\u71b1\u5e36\u96e8\u6797\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7576\u4e00\u7a2e\u75be\u75c5\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u751a\u81f3\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u6642\u6240\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u6b63\u5982Charles\nBriggs\u6240\u8868\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0cAustin\u8a66\u5716\u901a\u904e\u5217\u51fa\u8868\u6f14\u6027\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u689d\u4ef6\u4f86\u6355\u6349\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u529b\u91cf\u7d93\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u548c\u4e0d\u5b88\u898f\u77e9\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u56f0\u64fe\uff0c\u8b93\u201c\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u201d\u6210\u70ba\u9ed8\u8a8d\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\n\u2014\u2014 \u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u970d\u4e82\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u96d6\u7136Austin\u5f9e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5100\u5f0f\u548c\u5100\u5f0f\u4e2d\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u4f46Briggs\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u601d\u8003\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u8b70\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u4eba\u985e\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u5fc5\u9808\u8207\u4e0d\u5c6c\u65bc\u6a19\u6e96\u898f\u5247\u624b\u518a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8a00\u5916\u884c\u70ba\u529b\u91cf\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u6027\u8a71\u8a9e\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8868\u6f14\u6027\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8a00\u8a9e\u884c\u70ba\u3002\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u6309\u6642\u9593\u9806\u5e8f\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d7\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u555f\u767c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5178\u578b\u5730\u5c6c\u65bc\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u53ca\u5176\u6279\u8a55\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u5360\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u3002\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5927\u9678\u54f2\u5b78\u4f54\u64da\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u9020\u6210\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b50\u9678\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u6216\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u8207\u5973\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5176\u4ed6\u7406\u8ad6\u4e00\u8d77\u6210\u70ba\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7bc4\u5f0f\u3002\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u7ae0\u7bc0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9748\u611f\u3002Jason\nThroop \u548c Christopher\nStephan \u5c07 Edmund\nHusserl \u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5e36\u5230\u4e86Micronesia\u7684Yap\u5cf6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u502b\u7406\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\n\u2014\u2014\n\u63a2\u7d22\u4e26\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u64f4\u5c55\u4e86Husserl\u5c0d\u502b\u7406\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c0d\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5148\u65bc\u898f\u7bc4\u6216\u8a55\u50f9\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7dad\u5ea6\u3002Jarrett\nZigon\u91cd\u65b0\u904b\u7528Martin Heidegger\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4f86\u61c9\u5c0d\u53cd\u6bd2\u54c1\u6230\u722d\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u7d10\u7d04\u548c\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u7684\u5438\u6bd2\u8005\u548c\u5438\u6bd2\u8005\u5de5\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u6311\u6230\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u502b\u7406\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u53c3\u8003\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6b63\u5982Heidegger\u5728\u8207Zigon \u4e00\u8d77\u62dc\u8a2a\u5438\u6bd2\u8005\u6642\u6559\u5c0e\u6211\u5011\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u9019\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6216\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\n\u2014\u2014\n\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5438\u6bd2\u8005\u7684\u767d\u65e5\u5922\u4e2d\u3002\u53c3\u89c0\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u7684\u5c0f\u7f8e\u4eba\u9b5a\u96d5\u50cf\u3002Thomas Csordas\u966a\u4f34Maurice Merleau-Ponty\u53c3\u52a0\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u9748\u6069\u5fa9\u8208\u904b\u52d5\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/pluralism.org\/native-american-church\">Peyote\u904b\u52d5<\/a>\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u7528\u65b9\u8a00\u541f\u5531\u548c\u6b4c\u5531\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u97ff\u4eae\u5b58\u5728\u3002Csordas\u5229\u7528Merleau-Ponty\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u8eab\u9ad4\u9593\u7684\u97ff\u4eae\u793e\u6703\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fa9\u8208\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u6703\u6703\u8b70\u5728\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u662f\u5e73\u6613\u8fd1\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u805a\u6703\u5c07\u500b\u9ad4\u5316\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u5012\u56de\u4e86\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684\u76f8\u7570\u6027\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\uff0cCsordas\u9080\u8acbMerleau-Ponty\u7528\u53ef\u807d\/\u4e0d\u53ef\u807d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8a2d\u60f3\u53ef\u898b\/\u4e0d\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u6771\u897f\n\u2014\u2014\n\u7528\u97ff\u4eae\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lotte Meinert\u548cYael Navaro\u90fd\u8f49\u5411\u6975\u7aef\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5011\u7684\u502b\u7406\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u624b\u6bb5\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u95dc\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u6216\u58d3\u5236\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002Navaro\u5728Walter Benjamin\u53ca\u5176\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u89e3\u91cb\u5b78\u7684\u966a\u4f34\u4e0b\u554f\u9053\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u7814\u7a761915 \u5e74\u91dd\u5c0dArmenians\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u6ec5\u7d55\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u7576Ottomans\u8b8a\u6210\u571f\u8033\u5176\u4eba\uff0cMusa Dagh\u5c71\u5340\u6210\u70ba\u7981\u5fcc\u6c11\u65cf\u547d\u904b\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u540d\u7a31\u6642\uff1f Navaro\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u571f\u8033\u5176\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207Armenians\u6b77\u53f2\u8a18\u61b6\u885d\u7a81\u4e2d\u5fa9\u96dc\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6027\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728Benjamin\u6b77\u53f2\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5979\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u9762\u5c0d\u707d\u96e3\u6027\u7684\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u88ab\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u98a8\u66b4\u63a8\u5411\u672a\u4f86\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u8499\u592a\u5947\u548c\u5c0d\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u7834\u58de\u6027\n\u201c\u864e\u8e8d tiger-leap\u201d\uff08 Benjamin\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u50cf\u571f\u8033\u5176\u905c\u5c3c\u6d3e\u5a66\u5973Fatma\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u7591\u616e\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u516c\u773e\u52aa\u529b\u4fc3\u9032\u6c11\u65cf\u6b78\u5c6c\u611f\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u4e26\u4e0d\u89ba\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u5c6c\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6559\u5802\u8b8a\u6210\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\nLotte\nMeinert \u5c0d\u70cf\u5e72\u9054\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u6700\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684\u6307\u63ee\u5b98\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5be9\u5224\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u5c0d\u6700\u8fd1\u6b77\u53f2\u5c40\u52e2\u4e2d\u985e\u4f3c\u6975\u7aef\u793e\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u5979\u5c07Hannah Arendt\u5e36\u5230\u6d77\u7259\u570b\u969b\u5211\u4e8b\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u501f\u9452\u4e86Arendt\u5c0d\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u524d\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7Eichmann\u6cd5\u5ead\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5728\u8a72\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u502b\u7406\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e5f\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u5be9\u5224\u3002Meinert\u91cd\u65b0\u5229\u7528Arendt\u4f86\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u90aa\u60e1\u6982\u5ff5\u50c5\u6697\u793a\u6216\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u89e3\u91cb\u6216\u4f7f\u4e4b\u8b8a\u5f97\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u70cf\u5e72\u9054\u5167\u6230\u4e2d\u7684\u90aa\u60e1\u6848\u4f8b\u7d55\u975e\u5e73\u5eb8\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65b7\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6975\u7aef\u6311\u6230\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cheryl\nMattingly \u4ecb\u7d39 Hans-Georg Gadamer \u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5021\u5c0e\u8005\nPaul\nRicoeur \u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u5728\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u4e00\u5bb6\u8a3a\u6240\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u8a00\u8a9e\u6cbb\u7642\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u767c\u751f\u7684\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002Mattingly\u8457\u773c\u65bc\u7834\u58de\u6642\u523b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\n\u2014\u2014\n\u5728\u9019\u4e09\u89d2\u9f8d\u6050\u9f8d\u610f\u5916\u5730\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u5e74\u8f15\u7684Malcolm\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\n\u2014\u2014\nMattingly\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7684\u5404\u500b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u6790\u9ed1\u8272\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u56f0\u5883\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002Bernhard\nLeistle \u8ffd\u8e2a\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5Fez\u7684\u964c\u751f\u6027\u548c\u76f8\u7570\u6027\uff0c\u8a62\u554f\u7cbe\u795e\u4f54\u6709\u53ca\u5176\u5100\u5f0f\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u548c\u502b\u7406\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Bernhard\nWaldenfels \u53ca\u5176\u97ff\u61c9\u6027\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u8d70\u4e0a\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u9053\u8def\u3002\u5c0d\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u8056\u4eba\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u6027\u8655\u7406\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5c0d\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u884c\u52d5\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3002Leistle\u5c55\u793a\u4e86Waldenfels\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u689d\u9032\u5165\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u8a72\u9014\u5f91\u4ecd\u7136\u5fe0\u5be6\u65bc\u4eba\u5011\u5be6\u969b\u9ad4\u9a57\u70ba\u964c\u751f\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u7a2e\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u5167\u5728\u964c\u751f\u6027\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u795e\u9748\u548c\u8056\u4eba\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u654f\u611f\u8a18\u9304\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a31\u591a\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u5c07\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7d93\u9a57\u6b77\u53f2\u5316\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u6709\u6240\u9ad4\u73fe\u3002 \u9664\u4e86Jacques Derrida\u3001Gilles Deleuze\u548cJulia Kristeva\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u9084\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86Michel Foucault\u548cGiorgio Agamben\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u9818\u57df\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u3002Graham Harman \u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4e5f\u5c6c\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6a21\u7cca\u7684 \u201c\u6d41\u6c13\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5bb6\nrogue phenomenologists\u201d \u7fa3\u9ad4\u3002Tania\nMurray Li\u5c07Michel Foucault\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u548c\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u54f2\u5b78\u5e36\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5373\u5c0d\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u548c\u591a\u502b\u591a\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u751f\u6821\u5712\u751f\u6d3b\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u81ea\u6211\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u81ea 2010 \u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0cTania\nMurray Li\u6559\u6388\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u5927\u5b78\u672c\u8eab\u9032\u884c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5c07\u5e36\u9818\u8b80\u8005\u6cbf\u8457Foucault\u54f2\u5b78\u70baLi\u548c\u5979\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u7684\u5206\u6790\u9014\u5f91\u3002Foucault\u5c0d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u773c\u5149\u5c07\u5927\u5b78\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5236\u5ea6\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u7522\u751f\u5404\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u76e3\u8996\u548c\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u5f15\u5c0e\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6210\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u5947\u602a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u7126\u616e\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u9858\u671b\u9019\u9700\u8981\u3002Magnus Fiskesj\u00f6\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u5e36\u9818\u8b80\u8005\u548cGiorgio Agamben\u9032\u5165\u7576\u4ee3\u4e2d\u570b\u516c\u958b\u903c\u4f9b\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u4e16\u754c\u3002Fiskesj\u00f6\u4ee5\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u66f8\u5546\u7684\u8a8d\u7f6a\u3001\u5be9\u5224\u548c\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u76e3\u7981\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f37\u8feb\u8a8d\u7f6a\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u6027\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f37\u8feb\u8a8d\u7f6a\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4efb\u610f\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u6839\u64daAgamben\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u4f46\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u8aa4\u89e3\u7684\u795e\u8056\u4eba\u54f2\u5b78\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u5b83\u5011\u3002\u7f85\u99ac\u6cd5\u5f8b\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u72a7\u7272\u8005\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u52d5\u7269\u3002Fiskesj\u00f6\u5728\u904b\u7528Agamben\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5927\u8072\u6279\u8a55\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u7136\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u884c\u70ba\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u9192\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u689d\u4ef6\u6b78\u5c6c\u611f\nconditioned belonging\u201d \u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u662f\u6240\u6709\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u6b0a\u529b\u9700\u8981\u773e\u591a\u516c\u773e\u7684\u5171\u8b00\u624d\u80fd\u904b\u4f5c\u3002Jon\nBialecki \u5e36\u9818\u8b80\u8005\u4f86\u5230\u9e7d\u6e56\u57ce\u7684\u8036\u7a4c\u57fa\u7763\u672b\u4e16\u8056\u5f92\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u518d\u53ef\u80fd\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u5c07\u5176\u7a31\u70ba\u6469\u9580\u6559\u3002Graham\nHarman \u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u601d\u8fa8\u5be6\u5728\u8ad6\nspeculative realism\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\n\u201c\u9762\u5411\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6object-oriented ontology\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u662fBialecki\u7684\u65c5\u4f34\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u89e3\u6c7a\u5f9e\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u70ba\u6469\u9580\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u9019\u4e00\u96e3\u984c\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6469\u9580\u6559\u5f92\u6642\uff0c\u76f4\u52302018 \u5e74\u6559\u6703\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002Harman\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u4e86Heidegger\u548cBruno Latour\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6d41\u6c13\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Bialecki\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u5011\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u4e00\u500b\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u8a72\u6559\u6703\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u592a\u8a8d\u771f\u7684\u8a71\u3002\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5beb\u4f5c\u3001\u98a8\u683c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork<\/em>\u201d \u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5e36\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u80fd\u5f9e\u672a\u8003\u616e\u904e\u8a2a\u554f\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u4f7f\u8b80\u8005\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u4f86\u81ea\u9019\u4e9b\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u9593\u63a5\u63a5\u89f8\uff1a\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b80\u8005\u4e0d\u50c5\u770b\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u826f\u597d\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u8a9e\u5883\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u6a21\u68f1\u5169\u53ef\u5730\u76f8\u4e92\u6eb6\u89e3\u548c\u91cd\u7d44\u3002\u5728\u9019\u96d9\u91cd\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u4e5f\u88ab\u7406\u60f3\u5730\u611f\u52d5\u4e86\u3002\u5beb\u4f5c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u908a\u7de3\u6216\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u53ca\u5176\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6240\u505a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5beb\u4f5c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5e72\u9810\u662f\u6307\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u666e\u904d\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u5beb\u4f5c\u4e0d\u662f\u65b9\u6cd5\u554f\u984c\n\u2014\u2014\n\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5728\u7530\u91ce\u7b46\u8a18\u548c\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6558\u8ff0\u4e2d\u8a18\u9304\u751f\u6d3b \u2014\u2014 \u800c\u662f\u5b78\u8853\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u985e\u578b\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u5beb\u4f5c\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u88ab\u5e36\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u9019\u4e9b\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u3001\u5c0f\u8aaa\u9084\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8b1b\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e8b\u5be6\u8b1b\u8ff0\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Donna Haraway \u6240\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 \u201c\u6545\u4e8b\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6545\u4e8b\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u201d\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6545\u4e8b\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u800c\u8a69\u6b4c\u5247\u63d0\u4f9b\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u8b1b\u8ff0\u6545\u4e8b\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u5728\nRenzo\nTaddei \u95dc\u65bc Davi\nKopenawa \u5c0d\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u3002Taddei\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u65b0\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u898b\u89e3\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u5851\u9020\u70ba\u795e\u8a71\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u74b0\u5883\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u9010\u6f38\u878d\u5165\u79d1\u672c\u7d0d\u74e6\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u842c\u7269\u6709\u9748\u8ad6\u548c\u900f\u8996\u908f\u8f2f\u4e2d\u3002Paul\nStoller \u5728\u4ed6\u95dc\u65bcEdmond\nJab\u00e8s \u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u5922\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u5c07\u8b80\u8005\u5e36\u5165\u6a21\u68f1\u5169\u53ef\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff0cSonghay\u5deb\u8853\u8207Jab\u00e8s\u7121\u8207\u502b\u6bd4\u7684\u5922\u5e7b\u54f2\u5b78\u8a69\u6b4c\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u548c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u884c\u8d70\u4e5f\u662f\nTarek\nElhaik \u95dc\u65bc\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7d00\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Ibn Rusd \u548c Averro\u00ebs\n\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u5206\u6790\u6b77\u53f2\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u5efa\u7bc9\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\uff08\u5f8c\uff09\u6b96\u6c11\u81ea\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u6642\uff0cElhaik\u5c07Ibn Rusd\u7684\u900d\u9059\u54f2\u5b78\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3001\u4e00\u7a2e\u53c3\u8207\u89c0\u5bdf\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u4e00\u7a2e\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u63a2\u7a76\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u5728Elhaik\u7684\u6574\u500b\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u59cb\u7d42\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96d9\u91cd\u4eba\u7269 \u2014\u2014\u5728\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\nIbn\nRusd \uff0c\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba Averro\u00ebs \u2014\u2014\u9019\u7a2e\u96d9\u91cd\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u907a\u7522\u3002Lesley\nGreen\u4f7f\u7528 Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire \u7684\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u53cd\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a69\u6b4c\u4f86\u63ed\u9732\u5357\u975e\u865b\u5047\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u9ad4\u548c\u751f\u614b\u7834\u58de\u7684\u5169\u9762\u6027\uff0c\u800c\nStuart\nMcLean \u4e0d\u50c5\u5617\u8a66\u4e86 Gilles Deleuze \u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u9084\u5617\u8a66\u4e86\u5beb\u4f5c\u98a8\u683c\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u5728\u8607\u683c\u862d\u5cf6\u5dbc\u4e0a\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5c07\u4eba\u985e\u3001\u85dd\u8853\u548c\u5730\u5f62\u76f8\u4e92\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u3002Don Kulick\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Judith Butler\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u4f86\u6709\u529b\u5730\u8ad6\u8b49\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u8868\u6f14\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5e7d\u9ed8\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u98a8\u683c\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u70baKulick\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u5e36\u5165\u4e86\u4e39\u9ea5\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e2d\u6975\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u8207\u975e\u8a9e\u8a00\u8b77\u7406\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7684\u9707\u52d5\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u4e39\u9ea5\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u95dc\u61f7\u6216\u53cd\u61c9\u9748\u654f\u7684\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5\u8056\u4eba\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u53cd\u5fa9\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u3002 \u5728Nils Bubandt\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Jacques Derrida \u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u98a8\u683c\uff0c\u5c07\u8b80\u8005\u5e36\u5165\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6771\u90e8\u7684\u9109\u6751\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\uff0c\u5973\u5deb\u65e2\u771f\u5be6\u53c8\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002 \u5c31\u50cfDerrida\u8a8d\u70ba \u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u201d \u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u88ab\u5176\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6240\u56f0\u64fe\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cBubandt\u8a8d\u70baBuli\u6751\u5973\u5deb\u7684\uff08\u4e0d\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u8207\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\uff08\u975e\uff09\u73fe\u5be6\u6c92\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u548c\u53cd\u6050\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u5373\n\u201c\u73fe\u72c0\u201d \u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u3002\u5973\u5deb\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u6015\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u66f4\u6e96\u78ba\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4ed6\u8005\n\u2026\u2026\n\u4e5f\u8a31\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cBubandt\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8207Derrida\u4e00\u8d77\u6b23\u8cde\u5973\u5deb\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u73fe\u5be6\u9084\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Derrida\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6 \u201c\u88ab\u522a\u9664\u201d\uff0c\u522a\u9664\u5b83\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u8207\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4ed6\u8005\uff08\u5118\u7ba1\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\uff09\u7684\u906d\u9047\u4e5f\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86Marisol\nde la Cadena \u8207Quechua\u8a9e\u5bb6\u65cfTurpos\n\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22Ausangate\u5c71\uff0c\u9019\u5ea7\u5c71\u4e5f\u662f\u79d8\u9b6f\u7684\u201c\u5730\u7403\u751f\u7269\u201d\u3002 \u4e0d\u50c5\u8207\u5171\u751f\u7684\u5c71\u5730\u751f\u7269\u5967\u6851\u84cb\u7279\u9032\u884c\u201c\u601d\u8003\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u5c0d\u5979\u8207\u5716\u723e\u6ce2\u65af\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u7684\u65b0\u8208\u5354\u4f5c\u7406\u89e3\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6Isabelle Stengers\u7684\u8fd1\u4e4e\u610f\u8b58\u6d41\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u98a8\u683c\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u98a8\u683c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u6790\u5f97\u4ee5\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5beb\u6210\uff0c\u5373\u653f\u6cbb\u8072\u97f3\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e26\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\n\u201c\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u638c\u63a7\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u5c40\u52e2\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u50b3\u8a18\u662f\u6fc0\u767c\u7279\u5b9a\u5206\u6790\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u98a8\u683c\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002Stephan Palmi\u00e9\u5c07Ludwig Wittgenstein\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u8207\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u8207Tom\u00e1s\u7684\u906d\u9047\u4ea4\u7e54\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0cTom\u00e1s\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5df2\u6545\u975e\u6d32\u5974\u96b8\u7684\u9748\u9b42\uff0c\u975e\u88d4\u53e4\u5df4\u5100\u5f0f\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\u5728\u9081\u963f\u5bc6\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u671f\u9593\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u5f98\u5f8a\u5728Palmi\u00e9\u7684\u80a9\u4e0a\u3002\u5c31\u50cfStengers\u70bade la Cadena\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0cWittgenstein\u5e6b\u52a9Palmi\u00e9\u4ee5\u4ed6\u539f\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u9080\u8acb\u8b80\u8005\u5728\u8207\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u73fe\u5834\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\u898b\u8b49\u4ed6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88f9\uff0c\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u5947\u89c0\u7684\u8faf\u8b49\u6cd5\u4ee5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u8996\u89d2\u5448\u73fe\u5728\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f77\u5f7f\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6bd4\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u9858\u610f\u627f\u8a8d\u7684\u66f4\u983b\u7e41\uff1f\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u54f2\u5b78\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u6216\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7576\u5206\u6790\u672c\u8eab\u6210\u70ba\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5947\u8e5f\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; \u5404\u7ae0\u4e3b\u984c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5be6\u5730\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8cea\u7591\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f\u5b78\u751f\u5982\u4f55\u5b78\u7fd2\u5229\u7528\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u4f86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u54f2\u5b78\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u201c\u5c55\u793a\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8b1b\u8ff0\u201d\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u500b\u201c\u5927\u5e2b\u73ed\u201d\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u6279\u5224\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u9818\u5148\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u57fa\u790e\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\n\u2014\u2014 \u4f86\u81ea\u5404\u7a2e\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u50b3\u7d71 \u2014\u2014 \u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6848\u4f8b\u3002Nils Bubandt\u3001Thomas Schwarz Wentzer \u548c\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u5206\u6790\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6c83\u571f\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u904e\u8207\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u63a5\u89f8\u800c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u201d\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u975e\u897f\u65b9\u548c\u975e\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u201c\u56de\u61c9\u201d\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7368\u7279\u800c\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5206\u6790\u6307\u5357\u3002\u5b83\u6eff\u8db3\u4e86\u57fa\u65bc\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5c0d\u201c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u5c55\u793a\u77ad\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u7279\u5b9a\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7591\u554f\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u201c<em>Philosophy on Fieldwork: Case Studies in\nAnthropological Analysis<\/em>\u201d\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u4f7f\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u672c\u6613\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u63a2\u7d22\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u8b80\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Philosophy on fieldwork: analysis as\nbifocal wonder By NILS BUBANDT AND THOMAS SCHWARZ WENTZER<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>Philosophy\non Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis<\/em>\u201d\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u80a5\u6c83\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u7acb\u5834\u662f\u7522\u751f\u826f\u597d\u5206\u6790\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u3002\n\u91dd\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u3001\u57fa\u65bc\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4ee5\u53ca\u61c9\u7528\u54f2\u5b78\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u767d\u2014\u2014 \u5373\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5c0d\u5206\u6790\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8 \u2014\u2014\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u9700\u8981\u201c\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u5947\u8e5f\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7de8\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7576\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u958b\u555f\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7d93\u9a57\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u50c5\u50c5\u7d66\u5b9a\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6d1e\u5bdf\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u88ab\u8f49\u8b8a\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u5f15\u8a00\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u96d9\u7126\u9ede\u5947\u8e5f\u7684\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u91ce\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5728\u57fa\u65bc\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u63a1\u7528\u201c\u5c55\u793a\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8b1b\u8ff0\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b83\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u66f8\u4e2d\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u6bcf\u7ae0\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u5275\u9020\u6027\u969c\u7919\u201d\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5360\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u591a\u89d2\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u4e3b\u5f35\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u9700\u8981\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5011\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u8f15\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Agamben\nand the Chinese forced-confession ritual By Magnus\nFiskesj\u00f6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5927\u5229\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6Giorgio Agamben\u56e0\u5176\u5c0d\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u6b0a\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u9650\u5236\u9032\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u800c\u805e\u540d\u3002\u672c\u6587\u56de\u9867\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u4e26\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7576\u4ee3\u4e2d\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u7576\u5c40\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e26\u5728\u96fb\u8996\u4e0a\u64ad\u653e\u7684\u602a\u8a95\u7684\u6050\u5687\u5f37\u8feb\u8a8d\u7f6a\u5100\u5f0f\u3002Agamben\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5f37\u52a0\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u89d2\u8272\u8207\u626e\u6f14\u9019\u4e9b\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u6d3b\u4eba\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u4eba\u54e1\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e00\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u4f86\u5f37\u5236\u6539\u9020\u4eba\u5011\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4e7e\u6de8\u7684\u9177\u5211\nclean torture\u201d\u6280\u8853\u4f86\u5f37\u8feb\u4ed6\u5011\u516c\u958b\u5426\u8a8d\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e26\u626e\u6f14\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u6750\u6599\uff08\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u201c\u8d64\u88f8\u751f\u6d3bnaked life\u201d\uff09\u4e5f\u88ab\u570b\u5bb6\u5229\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Arendt\nin the Lord&#8217;s resistance army and the ICC By Lotte\nMeinert<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u501f\u9452\u4e86\u70cf\u5e72\u9054\u7684\u5be6\u5730\u8abf\u67e5\u548c\u570b\u969b\u5211\u4e8b\u6cd5\u9662\u91dd\u5c0d Dominique Ongwen \u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u8a18\u9304\u3002Dominique\nOngwen\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u88ab\u7d81\u67b6\u7684\u5152\u7ae5\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u58eb\u5175\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6649\u5347\u70ba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u62b5\u6297\u8ecd\u7684\u9ad8\u5c64\u3002\u5b83\u8cea\u7591\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u6975\u7aef\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u90aa\u60e1\u548c\u6b98\u66b4\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u8f49\u5411\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6Hannah Arendt\u548c\u5979\u95dc\u65bc\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u6fc0\u9032\u90aa\u60e1\u548c\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u5e73\u5eb8\u6027\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002Arendt\u5c0d\u6975\u6b0a\u653f\u6b0a\u975e\u4eba\u5316\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5c0d\u5996\u9b54\u5316\u548c\u5931\u53bb\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u7684\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u70ba\u6848\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7dda\u7d22\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u8feb\u5152\u7ae5\u5175\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u672c\u80fd\u5be6\u65bd\u72af\u7f6a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5224\u65b7\u529b\u3002\u8056\u4e3b\u62b5\u6297\u8ecdLRA\u7684\u7d81\u67b6\u7b56\u7565\u901a\u904e\u6d88\u9664Arendt\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u6cd5\u4eba\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u4eba\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u800c\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u3002Arendt\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u7406\u89e3Ongwen\u5982\u4f55\u5f9e\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u7d81\u67b6\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u65bd\u66b4\u8005\uff0c\u5be6\u65bd\u66b4\u529b\u4e26\u4e0b\u4ee4\u5be6\u65bd\u66b4\u884c\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u9084\u6307\u51fa\u4e86Arendt\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Austin\nand pandemic performativity From cholera to COVID-19 By Charles L. Briggs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u6700\u6709\u529b\u3001\u6700\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e00\u5834\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4f46 J.L. Austin\u7684\u201c<em>How to Do Things with Words<\/em>\u201d\u537b\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u91ab\u5b78\u8a00\u8ad6\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86 1992 \u5e74\u81f3 1993 \u5e74\u59d4\u5167\u745e\u62c9\u970d\u4e82\u75ab\u60c5\u4e2d\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u3001\u91ab\u751f\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u885b\u751f\u5b98\u54e1\u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u8a72\u75ab\u60c5\u5c0e\u81f4\u7d04 500 \u540d\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u52aa\u529b\u8ce6\u4e88\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u7d71\u8a08\u8072\u660e\u4ee5\u6b0a\u5a01\uff0c\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u537b\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u8b8a\u5f97\u5c8c\u5c8c\u53ef\u5371\u3002\u8868\u6f14\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u60a3\u8005\u548c\u7d30\u83cc\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5206\u4f48\u5f0f\u8cea\u91cf\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u91cd\u8907\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8a00\u8a9e\u884c\u70ba\n\u2014\u2014 \u6b63\u5982Austin\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6Jacques Derrida\u548cJudith Butler\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23 \u2014\u2014 \u800c\u662f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86\u770b\u4f3c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u8a71\u8a9e\u548c\u6b0a\u5a01\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u7d50\u8ad6\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790 2020 \u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u95dc\u65bc\u8207\nCOVID-19 \u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u8868\u73fe\u6027\u7684\u9b25\u722d\uff0c\u6062\u5fa9 Austin \u8ad6\u9ede\u4e2d\u4e1f\u5931\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u4e26\u6311\u6230\u4ed6\u5c0d\u95dc\u4fc2\u6027\u548c\u5206\u4f48\u5f0f\u8868\u73fe\u6027\u7684\u5ffd\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bataille\nand the \u201cmindfulness revolution\u201d By Alan Klima<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Georges Bataille\u5c0d\u51a5\u60f3\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u8207\u4ed6\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8d8a\u8ecc\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u7576\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u7576\u524d\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\nmindfulness\u201d\u64f4\u6563\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u51a5\u60f3\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5c0d\u770b\u4f3c\u79d1\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u63a1\u7528\u548c\u6279\u51c6\u6642\uff0cBataille\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u7f8e\u5b78\u5be6\u8e10\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u63ed\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u5c07\u6b63\u5ff5\u7d0d\u5165\u9019\u4e9b\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5047\u8a2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cBataille\u7684\u8d8a\u754c\u7f8e\u5b78\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u61f8\u800c\u672a\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u5b78\u79d1\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u8d8a\u754c\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u79ae\u7bc0\u7684\u606a\u5b88\u53ef\u80fd\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u4f5c\u5bb6Bataille\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Benjamin on the trail of the Armenian\ngenocide By Yael Navaro<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5c07Walter Benjamin\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5357\u90e8Armenian\u7a2e\u65cf\u6ec5\u7d55\u7684\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7b49\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u6ec5\u7d55\u5f8c\u679c\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u7e7c\u7e8c\u88ab\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0cYael\nNavaro\u5c07Benjamin\u7684\u201cTheses\non the Philosophy of History\u201d\u8207\u5979\u5728Musa Dagh\u7684\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u662f1915 \u5e74\uff0cAntakya\u93ae\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u5c71\uff0c\u7576\u5730Armenian\u4eba\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u62b5\u79a6Ottoman\u8ecd\u968a\u7684\u9032\u653b\u3002Musa Dagh\u7684\u904e\u53bb\u50c5\u4ee5\u932f\u8aa4\u3001\u7463\u788e\u3001\u652f\u96e2\u7834\u788e\u548c\u96b1\u6666\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c55\u793a\uff0cNavaro\u901a\u904eBenjamin\u7684\u6279\u5224\u5c07\u5176\u51f8\u986f\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u6574\u9ad4\u6b77\u53f2\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u901a\u904eMusa Dagh\u548cBenjamin\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u53cd\u5e38\u898f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Butler\nand political (in)correctness By Don Kulick<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u7fa9\uff1f\u672c\u7ae0\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6975\u5177\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff08\u5373\u6b98\u75be\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u78ba\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u8207\u4e39\u9ea5\u548c\u745e\u5178\u9019\u5169\u500b\u65af\u582a\u7684\u7d0d\u7dad\u4e9e\u570b\u5bb6\u5f62\u6210\u9bae\u660e\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u670d\u52d9\u65b9\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u8ac7\u8ad6\u6b98\u75be\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u537b\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u745e\u5178\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u6b98\u75be\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u683c\u76e3\u63a7\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u4e39\u9ea5\uff0c\u8ac7\u8ad6\u6b98\u75be\u554f\u984c\u6642\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5dee\u7570\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6Judith Butler\u95dc\u65bc\u50b7\u5bb3\u6027\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u4ec7\u6068\u8a00\u8ad6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u5be9\u8996\u4eba\u5011\u6240\u8aaa\u8207\u6240\u505a\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u7406\u89e3\u7576\u8aaa\u67d0\u4e8b\u548c\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\u6d88\u5931\u6642\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e9saire\nin Cape Town The surreal ethnography of ocean pollution and social media fakery\nBy Lesley Green<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aime\nC\u00e9saire\u662f\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u8a69\u4eba\u3001\u5287\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff0c\u662f\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5275\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u54c1\u65e2\u501f\u9452\u4e86\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u53c8\u63a8\u52d5\u4e86\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bcC\u00e9saire\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u88cf\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u2014\u2014 \u4f7f\u5f97\u63ed\u9732\u6b96\u6c11\u6027\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u548c\u5408\u7406\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u7406\u6027\u3001\u771f\u5be6\u3001\u6b63\u5e38\u751a\u81f3\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u4f7f\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u95dc\u4fc2\u8b8a\u5f97\u7121\u5f62\uff0c\u4f7f\u5ba2\u89c0\u5316\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4e5f\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u8f49\u5411\u5730\u7403\u5371\u6a5f\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u63d0\u51faC\u00e9saire\u7684\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9055\u80cc\u4e86\u5ba2\u89c0\u5316\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u70ba\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5b78\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u6280\u8853\u4f86\u53cd\u99c1\u201c\u65b0\u5e38\u614b new normal\u201d\u7684\u5275\u9020\uff1a\u5e02\u5834\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5e02\u5834\u6027\u6846\u67b6\u6c11\u4e3b\u5354\u8b70; \u516c\u7528\u4e8b\u696d\u88ab\u5546\u54c1\u5316\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u5316\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5408\u540c\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u865b\u5047\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u8a66\u5716\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u62b9\u9ed1\u7368\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u4e0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u8faf\u8b77\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Confucius\nin a self-help group By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/search?contributorName=Jie%20Yang&amp;contributorRole=author&amp;redirectFromPDP=true&amp;context=ubx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jie Yang<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c0d\u5112\u5bb6\u5b78\u8aaa\u548c\u6212\u5f8b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u4fc3\u9032\u5c0d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u81ea\u52a9\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u81ea 20 \u4e16\u7d00 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u6d41\u6d3e\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7de9\u89e3\u9053\u5fb7\u6df7\u4e82\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u56f0\u64fe\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u7a2e\u5112\u5bb6\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u52a9\u5c07\u5fc3\u7406\u969c\u7919\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u75c5\u614b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5f37\u8abf\u7f8e\u5fb7\u57f9\u990a\u548c\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u5167\u5728\u5584\u826f\n\u2014\u2014 \u7f8e\u5fb7\u6eff\u8db3\u4eba\u6027 \u2014\u2014 \u5c07\u7522\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u56f0\u64fe\u7684\u793e\u6703\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u529b\u91cf\u751f\u7269\u5316\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u5316\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4f7f\u653f\u5e9c\u5229\u7528\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7372\u5f97\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4e26\u5c07\u570b\u5bb6\u8cac\u4efb\u4e0b\u653e\u5230\u500b\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u8209\u63aa\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u548c\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6279\u5224\u6027\u89c0\u9ede\u4e5f\u5141\u8a31\u5c0d\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\u90e8\u7f72\u9032\u884c\u654f\u92b3\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u672c\u571f\u5316\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\u4f8b\u8b49\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u5982\u4f55\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deleuze\nattends an art festival on a small, North Atlantic Island By Stuart McLean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deleuze\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u529b\u91cf\u7a7f\u8d8a\u548c\u5851\u9020\u7684\u3002\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u8207\u5cf6\u5dbc\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5cf6\u5dbc\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9678\u5730\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u6301\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u5c1a\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u201c\u885d\u7a81 strife\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ed6\u5c0d\u756b\u5bb6Francis Bacon\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u8f49\u800c\u5c07\u85dd\u8853\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u8207\u975e\u4eba\u6027\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u6210\u6027\u63a5\u89f8\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c07Deleuze\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u5728\u5cf6\u4e0a\u8209\u884c\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u7bc0\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u9069\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c07Deleuze\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u8207Papay\nGyro Nights \u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u9032\u884c\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.papaygyronights.papawestray.org\/\">Papay Gyro Nights<\/a> \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7576\u4ee3\u548c\u591a\u5a92\u9ad4\u85dd\u8853\u7bc0\uff0c\u5f9e2011\u52302017 \u5e74\u6bcf\u5e74\u5728\u8607\u683c\u862dOrkney\u7fa4\u5cf6\u7684Papa Westray\u5cf6\u4e0a\u8209\u8fa6\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u9748\u611f\u547d\u540d\u4f86\u81ea\u795e\u8a71\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u5de8\u4eba\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u52d5\u7269\u3001\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u9678\u5730\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Derrida\nand the death of my mother in buli By Nils Bubandt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5229\u7528&nbsp;Jacques Derrida\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u898b\u89e3\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u4e26\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u5deb\u8853\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u3002 Nils Bubandt\u6279\u8a55\u5deb\u8853\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u201c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u201d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6a19\u8a8c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u99b4\u5316\u5deb\u8853\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u5deb\u8853\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u99b4\u5316\u672a\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5deb\u8853\u5982\u4f55\u50cf\u54f2\u5b78\u672c\u8eab\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9b3c\u9b42\u5b78\u7684\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u5b83\u6e90\u65bc\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u96e3\u984c\u3002\u5c07\u5deb\u8853\u4f5c\u70ba\u96e3\u984c\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u8981\u5c07\u5206\u6790\u5f9e\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u8f49\u5411\u9b3c\u9b42\u5b78\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u5c0dBubandt\u6bcd\u89aa\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6771\u90e8Halmahera\u5cf6Buli\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0cBubandt\u8b49\u660e\u5deb\u8853\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u4e0d\u5728\u5bb6 not-being-at-home\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5728\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u524d\u767c\u751f\u7684\u5ef6\u7570\u9ad4\u9a57\u3002\u904b\u7528Derrida\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cBubandt\u9084\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5deb\u8853\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3001\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u81ea\u59cb\u81f3\u7d42\uff0cBubandt\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528Derrida\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u5805\u6301\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u7f6e\u65bc\u201c\u64e6\u9664\u72c0\u614bunder erasure\uff08sous\nrature\uff09 \u201d\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u6279\u8a55\u5deb\u8853\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u89e3\u91cb\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u66ff\u7f6a\u7f8a\u6a5f\u5236\u201d\u6216\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a13\u7df4\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u7121\u80fd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Foucault\nfoments fieldwork at the university By Tania Murray Li&nbsp; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86Michel Foucault\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8\u4ed6\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u69cb\u6210\u6211\u5011\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5b83\u8868\u660e\uff0cFoucault\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5c07\u793e\u6703\u548c\u88fd\u5ea6\u79e9\u5e8f\u6b77\u53f2\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u5176\u9032\u884c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5be9\u67e5\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u547c\u61c9\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u65e8\u5728\u201c\u4f7f\u719f\u6089\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u8b8a\u5f97\u964c\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6fc0\u767c\u65b0\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u7dda\u7d22\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8b49\u660e\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5c07Foucault\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u654f\u611f\u6027\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u501f\u9452\u4e86\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e26\u4ed4\u7d30\u5be9\u67e5\u4e86\u65e8\u5728\u512a\u5316\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u6559\u5e2b\u6642\u9593\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u4fdd\u5065\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u670d\u52d9\u3002 \u5b83\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86Foucault\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u98a8\u683c\u9700\u8981\u88dc\u5145\u7684\u5169\u500b\u9818\u57df\uff1a\u591a\u7a2e\u6b0a\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u78b0\u649e\u7684\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6279\u8a55\u8655\u65bc\u840c\u82bd\u72c0\u614b\u3001\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\u4f46\uff08\u5c1a\uff09\u7121\u6cd5\u9032\u884c\u660e\u78ba\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u5834\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gadamer\nin Black Los Angeles By Cheryl Mattingly <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u63a2\u8a0eGadamer\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5b78\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u7a2e\u65cf\u8207\u6b98\u75be\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9ede\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u5b83\u85c9\u9451\u4e86\u5c0d\u64ab\u990a\u60a3\u6709\u56b4\u91cd\u6b98\u75be\u6216\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5152\u7ae5\u7684\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u570b\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u7e31\u5411\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u4ee5\u88ab\u8a3a\u65b7\u60a3\u6709\u81ea\u9589\u75c7\u7684\u5152\u7ae5\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u63a5\u89f8\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8457\u773c\u65bc\u7576\u5152\u7ae5\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c0d\u8a3a\u65b7\u985e\u5225\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u81e8\u5e8a\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7684\u6642\u523b\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c0d\u6b98\u75be\u6a19\u7c64\u6301\u8b39\u614e\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6642\u523b\u5f80\u5f80\u6975\u5176\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u64d4\u5fc3\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u70ba\u6709\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u8981 special needs\u201d\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u5152\u7ae5\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86Gadamer\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u5c0d\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u7684\u9810\u5224\u7684\u95e1\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5c0d\nAristotle\u5be6\u8e10\u667a\u6167\u7684\u95e1\u8ff0\u3002 \u5b83\u8a8d\u70baGadamer\u70ba\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u6279\u5224\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6771\u897f\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Harman,\na prophet, a church, a name A portrait of four objects By Jon Bialecki<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u4f7f\u7528Graham Harman\u7684\u9762\u5411\u5c0d\u8c61\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u4f86\u8abf\u67e5\u8036\u7a4c\u57fa\u7763\u672b\u4e16\u8056\u5f92\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4e00\u8d77\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u53cd\u601d\u9019\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u5c0d\u65bcHarman\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u610f\u5473\u8457\u751a\u9ebc\u3002\u8a72\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u6559\u6703\u5728 2018 \u5e74\u767c\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6210\u54e1\u62d2\u7d55\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u6469\u9580\u6559 Mormon\u201d\u9019\u4e00\u7a31\u547c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u662f\u63d0\u53ca\u8a72\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6578\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u901a\u904e\u5c07\u6559\u6703\u5206\u89e3\u70ba\u9644\u5c6c\u55ae\u4f4d\u6216\u5c07\u6559\u6703\u8996\u70ba\u66f4\u5927\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u4f86\u8a55\u4f30\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cHarman\u5c07\u6574\u500b\u6559\u6703\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u5beb\u4e00\u672c\u6559\u6703\u7684\u201c\u50b3\u8a18 biography\u201d\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6559\u6703\u7684\u5404\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u6642\u88ab\u63a9\u84cb\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u88ab\u8868\u9054\u3002\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8a31\u201c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u9ad4 other objects\u201d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6469\u9580\u6559\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Heidegger\nand freedom in the anti-drug war movement By Jarrett\nZigon<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u63a2\u8a0eMartin Heidegger\u54f2\u5b78\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u63a1\u7528\u4e86Heidegger\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u9806\u5176\u81ea\u7136\nas letting-be\u201d\u6216\u201cGelassenheit\u201d\uff0c\u4f86\u601d\u8003\u53cd\u6bd2\u6230\u6d3b\u52d5\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u8868\u9054\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e3b\u6b0a\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u62ab\u9732\u81ea\u7531\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u53cd\u6bd2\u6230\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52d5\u6700\u597d\u5f9e\u5141\u8a31\u4ed6\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u516c\u958b\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u516c\u958b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8207\u5354\u8abf\u8b77\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u53cd\u6bd2\u54c1\u6230\u722d\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9053\u5fb7\u4f7f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Husserlian\nhorizons Moods in yap By Jason Throop<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u901a\u904e\u8207\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u5bb6Edmund Husserl\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u5c0d\u98b1\u98a8\u201cSudal\u201d\u5f8c\u7684Yape\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u9ad4\u9a57\u9032\u884c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u89c0\u5bdf\u3002\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014\n\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7279\u5b9a\u884c\u70ba\u6216\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u7a2e\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u904e\u53bb\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u548c\u6b63\u5728\u5c55\u958b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5354\u8abf\u5f62\u5f0f\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86Husserl\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u95dc\u6ce8\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u201c\u7167\u4eaeilluminating\u201d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u7167\u4eae\u201d\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u96a8\u5f8c\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u7dd2 moral moods\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \u6839\u64daYape\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7d93\u9a57\u4f86\u8003\u616eHusserl\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c07\u60c5\u7dd2\u8996\u70ba\u9053\u5fb7\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5373\u4f7fHusserl\u672c\u4eba\u4e26\u4e0d\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u719f\u6089\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ibn\nRushd\/Averro\u00ebs in Mexico City&#8217;s Kiosco Morisco By Tarek\nElhaik<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u57ce\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u9577\u9014\u6b65\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5206\u6790\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u4e26\u601d\u8003\u4ed6\u5c0d\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7576\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u3002\u8a72\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u5efa\u7bc9\u5275\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\nKiosko Morisco \u6216 Moorish Kiosk\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc Colonia\n\u6216 Santa Maria La Ribera \u9644\u8fd1\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u63a5\u8457\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u900d\u9059\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07\u6307\u5c0e\u4ed6\u5c0d\u4fe1\u606f\u4ead\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff1a Ibn Rushd \uff0c[\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8a9e\u5168\u7a31\u963f\u5e03\u00b7\u74e6\u5229\u5fb7\u00b7\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u672c\u00b7\u827e\u672c\u00b7\u827e\u54c8\u9081\u5fb7\u00b7\u672c\u00b7\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u672c\u00b7\u62c9\u4ec0\u5fb7\uff08Ab\u016b al-Wal\u012bd Mu\u1e25ammad\nibn A\u1e25mad\nibn Mu\u1e25ammad\nibn Rushd\uff09\uff08\u751f\u65bc1126 \u5e74\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259C\u00f3rdoba\u2013\u5352\u65bc1198 \u5e74\uff09 \uff0cMarrakech\uff0cAlmohad\u5e1d\u570b [\u73fe\u5c6c\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5] \uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u62c9\u4e01\u897f\u90e8\u4e5f\u88ab\u7a31\u70baAverro\u00ebs\u3002 Elhaik\u7684\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u7b56\u5c55\u8a2d\u8a08 curatorial design\u201d\uff09\u548c\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u4ed6\u80fd\u5920\u5728Kiosk\u548cAverro\u00ebs\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u4e26\u95e1\u660e\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u88d4\u3001\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u548cMaghreb\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f2\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jab\u00e8s\namongst Songhay Sorcerers By Paul Stoller <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u7576\u8b80\u5230Edmond Jab\u00e8s\u95dc\u65bc\u6c99\u6f20\u5bc2\u975c\u7684\u4ee4\u4eba\u56de\u5473\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6642\uff0cStoller\u90fd\u6703\u5922\u898bNiger\u3002Jab\u00e8s\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5177\u6709\u6311\u91c1\u6027\u4e14\u652f\u96e2\u7834\u788e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6cd5\u8a9e\u51fa\u7248\u4e26\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u82f1\u8a9e\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6b78\u985e\u3002\u662f\u8a69\uff1f\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\uff1f\u5b83\u7684\u5206\u985e\u91cd\u8981\u55ce\uff1f\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6563\u6587\u8a69\u6b4c\u4f5c\u54c1\u559a\u8d77\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8f2a\u5ed3\u7684\u5922\u60f3\uff0c\u5c07\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6975\u9650\uff1f\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0cStoller\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u5fa9\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5922\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dStoller\u548cJab\u00e8s\u6f2b\u6b65\u7a7f\u904eNiger\u7684\u5922\u5883\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u4e86Niger\u7684Songhay\u5deb\u5e2b\u3002\u901a\u904e\u9032\u51fa\u5922\u5883\u7684\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u9ad4\u9a57\u5230\u6b61\u6a02\u3001\u9a5a\u5947\u3001\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u60b2\u50b7\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u555f\u793a\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c&nbsp; \u9019\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u65c5\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">James\nand radical empiricism in rural Indonesia By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/search?contributorName=Douglas%20Hollan&amp;contributorRole=author&amp;redirectFromPDP=true&amp;context=ubx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Douglas Hollan<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u4f7f\u7528William James\u7684\u6fc0\u9032\u7d93\u9a57\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u76f8\u4fe1\u610f\u9858\u548c\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u95e1\u660eToraja\u4eba\u5f9e\u4efb\u6027\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u5230\u7956\u5148\u6b0a\u5a01\u7684\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u7684\u201c\u8f49\u8b8aconversion\u201d\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f9e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u6216\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u5c0d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u66f4\u52a0\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u3002\u4fe1\u4ef0\u662fJames\u7279\u5225\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u5206\u6790\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u90fd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u8b93\u751f\u6d3b\u8b8a\u5f97\u6709\u50f9\u503c\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u8abf\u548c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u548c\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u885d\u7a81\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u660e\u667a\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u610f\u5fd7\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u5c55\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u8cea\u548c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u4e9b\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\uff1f\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kopenawa\nand the environmental sciences in the Amazon By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/search?contributorName=Renzo%20Taddei&amp;contributorRole=author&amp;redirectFromPDP=true&amp;context=ubx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Renzo Taddei<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86Yanomami\u9818\u8896\u548c Davi\nKopenawa \u95dc\u65bc\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u9593\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u897f\u65b9\u975e\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u6c11\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5c07\u5169\u8005\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u7834\u58de\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u50be\u5411\u6709\u4f55\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u54f2\u5b78\u69cb\u5efa\u4e86Kopenawa\u5c0d\u4eba\u683c\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u95dc\u65bc\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u8996\u89d2\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\uff0c\u6311\u6230\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u7576\u524d\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u5047\u8a2d\u3002\u5371\u6a5f\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kristeva,\nanorexia and the hunger of abjection By Megan Warin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ad\u98df\u75c7\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u53ad\u60e1\u9032\u98df\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9664\u98e2\u9913\u3002 \u7ae0\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u98e2\u9913\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u98e2\u9913\u5982\u4f55\u5f98\u5f8a\u5728\u4ee4\u4eba\u53ad\u60e1\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u6297\u62d2\u7684\u5351\u5fae\u908a\u7de3\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u8607\u683c\u862d\u548c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9e\u5c0d\u88ab\u8a3a\u65b7\u60a3\u6709\u53ad\u98df\u75c7\u7684\u4eba\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5c07\u98e2\u9913\u7f6e\u65bcKristeva\u7684\u843d\u9b44\u7406\u8ad6<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cla.purdue.edu\/academic\/english\/theory\/psychoanalysis\/kristevaabject.html\">theory\nof abjection<\/a>\u4e2d\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u98e2\u9913\u7684\u9ad4\u73fe\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5f97\u7a7a\u865b\u548c\u5145\u5be6\uff08\u53ad\u60e1\u548c\u6b0a\u529b\uff09\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u98e2\u9913\u540c\u6642\u958b\u555f\u617e\u671b\u548c\u53ad\u60e1\u7684\u591a\u7a2e\u8a18\u9304 \u2014\u2014 \u53ec\u559a\u548c\u547c\u559a\u651d\u53d6\u548c\u6392\u51fa\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u6109\u6085\uff0c\u4f75\u541e\u6c92\u6216\u6d88\u9664\u672c\u80fd\u7684\u53ad\u60e1\u548c\u7f9e\u6065\u3002\u5728\u5c07\u98e2\u9913\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u5351\u9119\u548c\u5351\u8ce4\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u6642\uff0c\u98e2\u9913\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u6211\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u70ba\u98df\uff0c\u53c8\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u70ba\u98df\uff0c\u4ee5\u617e\u671b\u548c\u53ad\u60e1\u3001\u95dc\u61f7\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merleau-Ponty\namong the charismatics and peyotists By Thomas J.\nCsordas <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5c07Maurice Merleau-Ponty\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5e36\u5165\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u6211\u5011\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u8089\u9ad4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u8072\u97f3\u5b58\u5728 sonorous being\u201d\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u542b\u7fa9\u3002Csordas\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5169\u7a2e\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u97ff\u4eae\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u7fa9\u64f4\u5c55\u5230\u795e\u8056\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u662f\u4e94\u65ec\u7bc0\u9748\u6069\u6d3e\u65b9\u8a00\u6b4c\u5531\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u6559\u6703peyote\u6b4c\u66f2\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u7fd2\u4fd7\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7df4\u7fd2\u5177\u6709\u6b4c\u5531\u7684\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6216\u8a5e\u5f59\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u767c\u8072\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u548c\u6b4c\u66f2\u91cd\u65b0\u60f3\u50cf\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u6216\u6709\u8072\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6563\u767c\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u74b0\u5883\u5949\u737b\u4e86\u767c\u8072\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u884c\u70ba\u3002Csordas\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u8056\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\u5728\u5167\u5728\u6027\u548c\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5728\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u9019\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f\u4ed9\u4eba\u638c\u6b4c\u66f2\u548c\u65b9\u8a00\u6b4c\u5531\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6211\u5011\u4eba\u6027\u6642\u89e3\u6c7a\u97ff\u4eae\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7684\u6700\u5171\u540c\u9ede\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Peirce\namong the Muslim saints&#8217; graves in Java By Webb Keane<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86 Charles Sanders Peirce \u767c\u8d77\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ca\u5176\u5c0d\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\uff08\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u201c\u6982\u5ff5 \u2026\u2026 \u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u5176\u5c0d\u751f\u6d3b\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u53ef\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u201d\u9019\u4e00\u516c\u7406\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u5b83\u8457\u773c\u65bc\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u722a\u54c7\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8056\u4eba\u58b3\u5893\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5d07\u62dc\u3002\u838a\u56b4\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u5145\u6eff\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u7d14\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u731b\u70c8\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u6b63\u5728\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u505a\u6cd5\u548c\u7531\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u7684\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5f9e\u4f5c\u70ba\u975c\u614b\u7269\u8cea\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u58b3\u5893\uff0c\u5230\u57cb\u846c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8056\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5230\u570d\u7e5e\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u8a00\u8a9e\u548c\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u5c07\u8056\u4eba\u8207\u5148\u77e5\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u5bb6\u8b5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\uff08\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\u904e\u7a0b\uff09\u6240\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u3002\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u540c\u6642\u662f\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u53cd\u57fa\u790e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u9080\u8acb\u6211\u5011\u50cf\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4e00\u6a23\n\u2014\u2014 \u5c31\u50cf\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u2014\u2014 \u5df2\u7d93\u8655\u65bc\u4e8b\u7269\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sontag\nand the image machine in Iran By Younes Saramifar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Susan\nSontag \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u9817\u5177\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52d5\u5bb6\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5979\u8cea\u7591\u89c0\u770b\u7167\u7247\u3001\u62cd\u651d\u7167\u7247\u548c\u63cf\u7e6a\u200b\u200b\u4ed6\u4eba\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5979\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u9ad4\u7cfb\u6559\u5c0e\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u4e4b\u524d\u548c\u671f\u9593\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u51fa\u76f8\u95dc\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u570d\u7e5e\u8996\u89ba\u5a92\u4ecb\u6aa2\u67e5\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\u5f62\u6210\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u5979\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u5011\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u8868\u793a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5c07\u5716\u50cf\u9650\u5236\u70ba\u6846\u67b6\u6216\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5979\u5c07\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u6bcf\u5f35\u7167\u7247\u6216\u5716\u50cf\u5468\u570d\u77e9\u5f62\u908a\u6846\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5c07\u6cbf\u8457\nSusan\nSontag \u63a2\u7d22\u4f0a\u6717\u9996\u90fd\u5fb7\u9ed1\u862d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5169\u4f0a\u6230\u722d\uff081980-1988\uff09\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u89e3\u958b\u4f0a\u6717\u5ba3\u50b3\u6a5f\u5668\u7522\u751f\u4e26\u88ab\u4f0a\u6717\u4eba\u4ee5\u5404\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5b87\u5b99\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u8ad6\u9ede\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u651d\u5f71\u5e2b\u4e0d\u8a66\u5716\u5831\u544a\u6216\u8f49\u79fb\u5c0d\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5141\u8a31\u651d\u5f71\u69cb\u5716\u5f9e\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u4e2d\u6d6e\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7167\u7247\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u901a\u904e\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6545\u4e8b\u548c\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u4f86\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6b64\u985e\u906d\u9047\uff0c\u4e26\u5c55\u793a\nSusan\nSontag \u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u89c0\u773e\u548c\u8996\u89ba\u8868\u73fe\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u63a5\u53d7\u529b\uff0c\u5c07\u7167\u7247\u8b8a\u6210\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u958b\u59cb\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7d50\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stengers\nmeets an Andean mountain that is not only such By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/search?contributorName=Marisol%20de%20la%20Cadena&amp;contributorRole=author&amp;redirectFromPDP=true&amp;context=ubx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Marisol de la Cadena<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u6d89\u53caIsabelle Stengers\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u5be6\u8e10\u751f\u614b\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u3001\u5728\u5834\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u5979\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5230\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5c0d\u8a71\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/search?contributorName=Marisol%20de%20la%20Cadena&amp;contributorRole=author&amp;redirectFromPDP=true&amp;context=ubx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Marisol de la Cadena<\/a>\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u5408\u4f5c\uff09\uff0cde la Cadena\u8207\u4f4f\u5728Cuzco\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5c71\u8108\u7684 Mariano Turpo \u548c Nazario Turpo \u7236\u5b50\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u662frunakuna\u4eba\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u571f\u8457Quechua\u8a9e\u7684\u4eba\uff09\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0cde la Cadena\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u5979\u5275\u9020\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u601d\u8003\u79d1\u5b78\u5be6\u8e10\uff09\u9032\u884c\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u5728de la Cadena\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u9762\u524d\u5c07Stengers\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u201c\u8abf\u6574tweak\u201d\u70ba\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u601d\u8003\u5305\u62ec\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u672c\u571f\u5be6\u8e10\u3002Ausangate\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e5f\u662f\u5730\u7403\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5c71\uff0c\u5728Quechua\u8a9e\u4e2d\u88ab\u7a31\u70batirakuna\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Waldenfels\namong spirits and saints in Morocco By Bernhard\nLeistle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5fb7\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6Bernhard Waldenfels\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4ee5Mustafa\u500b\u6848\u6240\u8aaa\u660e\u7684\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5\u7cbe\u795e\u9644\u8eab\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u8ad6\u8b49\u4e86\u975e\u4e8c\u5206\u601d\u7dad\u6a21\u5f0f\u7406\u89e3\u9644\u8eab\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5\u7cbe\u795e\u4f54\u6709\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u8ff4\u907f\u4e86\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff0cWaldenfels\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u514b\u670d\u9019\u7a2e\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u7684\u7368\u7279\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7d93\u9a57\u88ab\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u70ba\u5c0d\u6e90\u81ea\u7d93\u9a57\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u9818\u57df\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u97ff\u61c9\uff0c\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u964c\u751f\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u9019\u7a2e\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8207\u8056\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u8a72\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u79d1\u5b78\u201d\u8207\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u201d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8207\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u201d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u201d\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Wittgenstein\namong the Santeros Finding my feet with Tom\u00e1s By Stephan\nPalmi\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u5f9eWittgenstein\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u54f2\u5b78second philosophy\u201d\u6307\u5c0e\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u8a0e\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5b78\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u6a1e\u7d10\u547d\u984chinge propositions\u201d\u7121\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u61f7\u7591\u53ef\u4ee5\u570d\u7e5e\u9019\u4e9b\u201c\u6a1e\u7d10\u547d\u984c\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u537b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5141\u8a31\u9677\u5165\u61f7\u7591\u3002\u70ba\u6b64\uff0cStephan\nPalmi\u00e9\u91cd\u65b0\u5be9\u8996\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u9081\u963f\u5bc6\u5c0d\u975e\u88d4\u53e4\u5df4\u5100\u5f0f\u50b3\u7d71\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\u9032\u884c\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u6642\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u4e00\u7d44\u4eba\u7a2e\u5b78\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u88cfPalmi\u00e9\u591a\u6b21\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u53ebTom\u00e1s\u7684\u6b7b\u53bb\u5974\u96b8\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u6b63\u5728\u5b88\u8b77\u8457Palmi\u00e9\u3002Palmi\u00e9\u6700\u521d\u4f7f\u7528\u201cTom\u00e1s\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u201d\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5728\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u800cPalmi\u00e9\uff08\u5118\u7ba1\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\uff09\u662f\u5176\u7e7c\u627f\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6240\u6709\u201c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4ebamoderns\u201d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u88cf\uff0cPalmi\u00e9\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86Wittgenstein\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u514b\u670d\u8f15\u7387\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u7d66\u6b7b\u8005\n\u2014\u2014Tom\u00e1s\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e9e\u65bcWittgenstein\n\u2014\u2014 \u5728\u6211\u5011\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8173\u624b\u67b6\u4e2d\u4f54\u6709\u4e00\u5e2d\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u5143\u4eba\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f7f\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6216\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6c38\u4e45\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u805a\u8ac7\uff0c\u8aac\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u54f2\u5b78\u53ca\u5176\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\uff1f\u9664\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u4ee5\u71df\u92b7\u4e4b\u7a2e\u7a2e\uff08\u5982\u71df\u92b7\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u71df\u92b7\u54f2\u5b78\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5728\u8a72\u7b56\u7565\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c08\u9580\u95dc\u6ce8\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\u53d7\u773e\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5c07\u88ab\u9000\u5c45\u5e55\u5f8c\u3002\u4f46\u7576\u4e2d\u5ba2\u6236\u4e4b\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6b64\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u4e4b\u9700\u6c42\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u81f4\uff1f\u9700\u6c42\u8207\u5546\u54c1\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u8ce6\u4e88\u5546\u54c1\u50f9\u503c\uff1f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9ad4\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\uff1f\u50f9\u503c\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\uff1f\u50f9\u503c\u5c0d\u4eba\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u7fa9\uff1f\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\u751a\u9ebc \uff1f \u3002 \u3002\u3002\uff09\u8a00\u53ca\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u7528\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u53ca\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e92\u88dc\u5206\u6790\u4f86\u89e3\u8aac\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5be6\u5730\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8cea\u7591\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f\u5b78\u751f\u5982\u4f55\u5b78\u7fd2\u5229\u7528\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u4f86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1f \u201cPhilosophy on Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis\u201d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c55\u800c\u4e0d\u8ff0\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u500b\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u6279\u5224\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u9818\u5148\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ed6\/\u5979\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3 \u2014\u2014 \u4f86\u81ea\u5404\u7a2e\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u50b3\u7d71 \u2014\u2014 \u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6848\u4f8b\u3002Nils Bubandt\u3001Thomas Schwarz Wentzer \u548c\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u5206\u6790\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6c83\u571f\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u904e\u8207\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u906d\u9047\u800c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u201d\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u975e\u897f\u65b9\u548c\u975e\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6 \u201c\u56de\u61c9\u201d \u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7368\u7279\u800c\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5206\u6790\u6307\u5357\u3002\u5b83\u6eff\u8db3\u4e86\u57fa\u65bc\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5c0d\u201c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u5c55\u793a\u77ad\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u7279\u5b9a\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7591\u554f\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u201cPhilosophy on Fieldwork: Case Studies in Anthropological Analysis\u201d \u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u672c\u6613\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u63a2\u7d22\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u8b80\u7684\u3002 \u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6 Clifford Geertz \u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u3002Geertz \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u61f7\u7591\u6e90\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u908a\u754c\u722d\u7aef\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u662f\u5ee3\u95ca\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u540c\u6a23\u95dc\u6ce8\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5168\u90e8 \u2014\u2014 \u4f46\u5169\u8005\u7684\u9818\u57df\u4e5f\u90fd\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\uff1a &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/08\/07\/philosophy-on-fieldwork-case-studies-in-anthropological-analysis\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2lI","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9034"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9039,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9034\/revisions\/9039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}