{"id":9050,"date":"2023-08-20T16:30:56","date_gmt":"2023-08-20T16:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9050"},"modified":"2023-08-20T16:31:02","modified_gmt":"2023-08-20T16:31:02","slug":"mathematics-science-and-postclassical-theory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/08\/20\/mathematics-science-and-postclassical-theory\/","title":{"rendered":"Mathematics, Science, and Postclassical Theory"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Mathematics-Science-Postclassical-Theory-Cultural\/dp\/0822318571\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=118HSEPZIC3EK&amp;keywords=Mathematics%2C+Science%2C+and+Postclassical+Theory&amp;qid=1692548998&amp;sprefix=mathematics%2C+science%2C+and+postclassical+theory%2Caps%2C298&amp;sr=8-1\">Mathematics, Science, and Postclassical Theory<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7368\u7279\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9ede\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u524d\u5f9e\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u5efa\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u771f\u7406\u548c\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u5fb9\u5e95\u91cd\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5\u4e00\u7fa3\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u4eba\u70ba\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5b78\u79d1\u4e2d\u7576\u524d\u7406\u8ad6\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u80fd\u52d5\u6027 agency\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2 causality\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6027 determinacy\u3001\u8868\u5fb5 representation \u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u793e\u6703\u52d5\u614b social dynamics of knowledge\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8868\u660e\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u8fd1\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3001\u6d3b\u529b\u548c\u666e\u904d\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5b83\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a31\u591a\u8f49\u6298\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u662f\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u548c\u4e0d\u592a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u3002\u96d6\u7136 \u201c\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6 <em>Postclassical Theory<\/em>\u201d \u4e00\u8a5e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8207\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u9818\u57df\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u767c\u73fe\u6216\u7576\u4ee3\u7406\u8ad6\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e2d\u5c0d\u9032\u5316\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4fee\u6b63\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5728\u9019\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u559a\u8d77\u5404\u7a2e\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5206\u6790\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u548c\u52aa\u529b\u5df2\u7d93\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u548c\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u4e00\u7d44\u76f8\u7576\u666e\u904d\u4f46\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u3001\u771f\u7406\u3001\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u73fe\u5be6\u548c\u8868\u5fb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u570d\u7e5e\u8af8\u5982\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u4ee5\u53ca\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7368\u7279\uff08 \u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u7368\u7279\u7684\uff09\u904b\u7b97\u7b49\u76f8\u95dc\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u88cf\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\u5305\u62ec Nietzsche\u3001James Joyce\u3001CS Peirce\u3001Wittgenstein\u3001Heidegger\u3001Thomas Kuhn\u3001Feyerabend\u3001Foucault\u3001Derrida \u548c Richard Rorty\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u62ec Niels Bohr\u3001Samuel Beckett\u2026\u2026\u548c Shakespeare\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u8868\u8ff0\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6280\u8853\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u4e26\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u5c11\u6578\u4efb\u6027\u7684\u6b50\u9678\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u6216\u7576\u5730\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\u8005\u3002\u5728\u6574\u500b\u672c\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u7cbe\u5fc3\u95e1\u8ff0\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u4e0d\u65b7\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6279\u8a55\u4f86\u81ea\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u5b78\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u5982\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f86\u81ea\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u3002\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u3001\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u6df7\u5408\u9818\u57df \u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6279\u8a55\u4e3b\u8981\u6e90\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u5f9e\u696d\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u719f\u6089\u7684\u6216\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u771f\u7406\u3001\u73fe\u5be6\u7b49\u63cf\u8ff0\u8207\u7d93\u9a57\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u6578\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u6709\u6a5f\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u6b77\u53f2\u9032\u884c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u88cf\u5c0d\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u8a31\u591a\u8ad6\u6587\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 Duke&nbsp;\u5927\u5b78\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3 Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Science and Cultural Theory \u65bc 1993 \u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u4e3b\u8fa6\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u5f8c\u53e4\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u4e0a\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8a72\u4e2d\u5fc3\u904b\u71df\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5b78\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u500b\u6e05\u6670\u751a\u81f3\u6232\u5287\u6027\u5730\u8868\u660e\u5176\u6d3b\u52d5\u65e8\u5728\u6db5\u84cb\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u500b\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\uff1b\u800c\u4e14 \uff0c\u5c31\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4f54\u64da\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u76f8\u7576\u751f\u52d5\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u6027\u548c\u7269\u8cea\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8b8a\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\uff0c\u5982\u79d1\u5b78\u8853\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u4e7e\u71e5\uff08\u5982\u9019\u4e9b\u5c6c\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u77fd\u57fa\u7248\u672c\uff09\u548c\u6fd5\u6f64\uff08\u5982\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u719f\u6089\u7684\u78b3\u57fa\u7248\u672c\uff09\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u548c\u96b1\u55bb\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u53e4\u602a\u6216\u503c\u5f97\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u4e26\u975e\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u548c\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u516c\u958b\u7684\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6240\u8003\u616e\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u907a\u7522\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u88fd\u5ea6\u5f8c\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u6578\u5b78\u6700\u521d\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u4e5f\u662f\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6070\u6070\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u5f8c\u8005\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u4f5c\u70ba\u4f8b\u5916\u3001\u7981\u6b62\u6027\u9650\u88fd\u6216\u6b64\u985e\u7406\u8ad6\u66f4\u6fc0\u9032\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u660e\u986f\u53cd\u4f8b\u4f86\u5f15\u7528\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f8cNietzsche \u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\uff0c\u6216\u5f8c Kuhn \u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9805\u76ee\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\uff08\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\uff09\u552f\u6211\u8ad6\u3001\u793e\u6703\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u6216\u6587\u5316\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u4fee\u8fad\u7684\u660e\u986f\u7684\u548c\uff08\u64da\u8a8d\u70ba\uff09\u8a87\u5927\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u99c1\u65a5\u4e86\u3002\u6578\u5b78\u5be6\u9ad4\u660e\u986f\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8de8\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u9084\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5728\u6311\u6230\u5f8c\u9762\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u5373\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u548c\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u6216\u8de8\u6b77\u53f2\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u7121\u8ad6\u51fa\u65bc\u8b74\u8cac\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u9ebc\u540d\u7a31\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\u3001\u201c\u89e3\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\u3001\u201c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\u7b49\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u640d\u5bb3\u516c\u773e\u4fe1\u5fc3\u548c\u8077\u696d\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u516c\u773e\u4fe1\u5fc3\u548c\u8077\u696d\u81ea\u4fe1\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u9069\u7576\u77e5\u8b58\u6b0a\u5a01\u548c\u6280\u8853\u512a\u52e2\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u5176\u6301\u7e8c\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u88cf\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u76f4\u63a5\u6d89\u53ca\u9019\u7a2e\u6d41\u884c\u7684 \u201c\u4f46 2 + 2 \u4ecd\u7136= 4\u201d \u7684\u8209\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u4e9b\u6d89\u53ca\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8868\u660e\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\uff09\uff08\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\uff09\u7e3d\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u53cb\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f88\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5168\u9762\u53cd\u99c1\u6216\u7834\u58de\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u6587\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6574\u500b\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff09\u6216\u5b83\u5011\u6240\u5831\u544a\u548c\u4f8b\u8b49\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u8207\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6982\u5ff5\u7fa3\uff08\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u771f\u7406\u3001\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u73fe\u5be6\u7b49\uff09\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u66f4\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u919c\u805e\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u662f\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6578\u5b78\uff09\u8207\u4efb\u4f55\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6fc0\u9032\u7406\u8ad6\u6311\u6230\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9072\u65e9\u6703\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5c0d\u5176\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4e5f\u660e\u986f\u5730\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u548c\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u9023\u8a5e\u8207\u5c0d\u65e2\u5b9a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3001\u5b78\u8853\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u4e26\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u51c6\u78ba \u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5c0d\u6279\u5224\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u554f\u984c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f71\u97ff\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u63f4\u5f15\u4e00\u7a2e\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u7591\u7684 \u201c\u79d1\u5b78\u201d \u4f86\u7dad\u6301\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u6216\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5206\u6790\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u8a08\u5283\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff09\u662f\u7531\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u5efa\u8b70\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95e1\u660e\u9019\u4e9b\u542b\u7fa9\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7121\u8ad6\u597d\u58de\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6536\u85cf\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52d5\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u975e\u5c08\u696d\u8b80\u8005\u700f\u89bd\u9019\u4e9b\u9801\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u5176\u4e2d\u986f\u793a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7fd2\u8a9e \u2014\u2014 \u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u3001\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u3001\u8868\u683c\u7684\u3001\u5716\u8868\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u6700\u521d\u4ee4\u4eba\u751f\u754f\u6216\u964c\u751f\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u88cf\u7684\u6280\u8853\u7279\u7570\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u91dd\u5c0d\u666e\u901a\u8b80\u8005\u7684\u6b64\u985e\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8981\u9ad8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u90a3\u4e9b\u70ba\u672c\u66f8\u505a\u51fa\u8ca2\u737b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5be6\u8cea\u6027\u53c3\u8207\u78ba\u5be6\/\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u9700\u8981\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u6216\u5c0d\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u719f\u6089 \u2014\u2014 \u7269\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7b49\u7b49 \u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u5011\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u767c\u73fe\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5c0d\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u554f\u984c\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u89aa\u5207\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u7fa3\u7570\u5e38\u5bcc\u6709\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u3001\u6a5f\u667a\u4e14\u5065\u8ac7\u7684\u4eba \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6d3b\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u500b\u4eba\u8ca2\u737b\u8005\u5f9e &nbsp;Frege \u5230 Beckett&nbsp;\u6216\u5f9e Darwin \u5230 Rube Goldberg \u7684\u8f15\u9b06\u8f49\u8b8a\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u8db3\u70ba\u5947\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u7576\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u6587\u5b78\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u53d7\u5230\u4e8c\u5143\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53f2\u548c\u5b78\u79d1\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u88fd\u5ea6\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u56f0\u64fe\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u6709\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6839\u672c\u4efb\u610f\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u5b78\u79d1\u5283\u5206\u7684\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u69cb\u6027\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u3002\u9019\u65e2\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u96b1\u542b\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f9e\u5b83\u5011\u6240\u5831\u544a\u548c\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u4e2d\u6c72\u53d6\u7684\u5bd3\u610f\u3002 \u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\u7684 \u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u8a31\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u795e\u5b78\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u4eba\u985e\u6982\u5ff5\u624d\u80fd\u5c07\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u8207\u6578\u5b78\u6216\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u8655\u65bc\u67d0\u7a2e\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u7684\u6575\u5c0d\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u7684\u9818\u57df\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6578\u5b78 \uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u793e\u6703\u7684\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u3001\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6b63\u5982 Brian Rotman \u5728\u958b\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0 (Thinking Dia-GrarrlS: Mathematics, Writing, and Virtual Reality) \u4e2d\u6240\u5805\u6301\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u5f62\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u51e1\u4eba\u7684\u3002 \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u6578\u5b78\u5c0d\u8c61\uff08\u6578\u5b57\u3001\u5e7e\u4f55\u5716\u5f62\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-hk\/%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%83%E6%95%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u56db\u5143\u6578<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zjMuIxRvygQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">quaternions<\/a> \u3001Hilbert \u7a7a\u9593\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u548c\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5f9e\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u5f9e\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u616e\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u500b\u53e4\u5178\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e5f\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u904e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u8cea\u7591\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u4e4f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u5f8c\u53e4\u5178\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u978f\u56fa\u6216\u589e\u5f37\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e72\u64fe\u6216\u524a\u5f31\u53e4\u5178\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5f9e Parmenides \u548c&nbsp;Plato \u5230 Husserl&nbsp;\u548c Heidegger\uff0c\u518d\u5230 Kant \u548c Hegel \u6bcf\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u6642\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u502b\u7406\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6578\u5b78\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c \u3002\u9054\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5373\u771f\u7406 \u2014\u2014 \u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6578\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u50c5\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\u3002 \u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u500b\u54f2\u5b78\u53f2\u548c\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u53e4\u5178\u77e5\u8b58\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u8003\u616e Godel \u5b9a\u7406\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u722d\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u6709\u95dc\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u53ca\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u793e\u6703\u548c\u6587\u5316\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u5047\u8a2d\u5df2\u7d93\u53d7\u5230\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5be9\u67e5\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u662f\u7531\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u9818\u5148\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\u9032\u884c\u7684\u3002 \u65e9\u5728 830 \u5e74\uff0cEvariste Galois \u88ab\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5929\u624d\uff08 \u5118\u7ba1\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5728 21 \u6b72\u6642\u5728\u6c7a\u9b25\u4e2d\u88ab\u6bba\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u9a5a\u4eba\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u4f46 Galois \u662f\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u653f\u6cbb\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u5be6\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8b93\u4ed6\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u4ed8\u51fa\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9 \u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u5230\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u9ede\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u4eba\u5011\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u8981\u591a\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u982d\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u719f\u6089\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u964c\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u662f\u5169\u8005\u517c\u800c\u6709\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u88cf\u9084\u61c9\u8a72\u5f37\u8abf\u53e6\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u5f8c\u53e4\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u5c0d\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u2014\u2014\u7684\u6279\u5224\u591a\u9ebc\u6fc0\u9032\uff0c\u5b83\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u5426\u5b9a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f7f\u5176\u5f9e\u7d93\u5178\u89d2\u5ea6\u6210\u70ba\u5178\u7bc4\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u3002 \u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u6578\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u672c\u66f8\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u7e3d\u9ad4\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6e1b\u5f31\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0d\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u6e1b\u5f31\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5f15\u767c\u9019\u4e9b\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u60c5\u6cc1\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u96d6\u7136 Brian Rotman \u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5c0d\u7121\u9650\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u9644\u5c6c\u7269\uff08\u5373\u6240\u6709\u6578\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u7121\u9650\u6578\u5b57\u6982\u5ff5\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u7576\u5c16\u92b3\u7684\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u4f46 John Vignaux Smyth \u548c Arkady Plotnitsky \u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u6578\u5b78\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7121\u9650\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6578\u5b78\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u9818\u57df\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u5fc5\u8981\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6280\u8853\u9818\u57df\uff08\u5982 Plotnitsky \u7684\u6587\u7ae0 (Complementarity, Idealization, and the Limits of Classical Conceptions of Reality) \u6240\u5efa\u8b70\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6709\u6642\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u5b78\u3001\u85dd\u8853\u7b49\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u6216\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff08\u6b63\u5982 Smyth \u6240\u5efa\u8b70\u7684\u90a3\u6a23( A Glance at SunSet: Numerical Fundaments in Frege, Wittgenstein, Shakespeare, Beckett)\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u525b\u624d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u7279\u5fb5\uff1a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u5047\u8a2d\u53d7\u5230\u6311\u6230\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u7e3d\u662f\u6216\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5426\u8a8d\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8868\u660e\u8a72\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u7684\u9650\u88fd\u6216\u76f8\u53cd\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u540c\u6642\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff08\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u56b4\u683c\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u95e1\u660e\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u547d\u984c\uff09\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5224\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u5be6\u8cea\u6027\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u6027\u6587\u7ae0 (Introduction: Networks and Symmetries, Decidable and Undecidable) \u4e2d\uff0c\u7de8\u8f2f\u5011\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86 \u201c\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6 postclassical theory\u201d \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e26\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u8af8\u5982\u6e67\u73fe\u6027 emergence \u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5224\u5b9a\u6027 undecidability \u7b49\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u7576\u524d\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u7ae0\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u6578\u5b78\u601d\u7dad\u3001\u5beb\u4f5c\u548c\u865b\u64ec\u73fe\u5be6\u6280\u8853\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8a7c\u8ae7\u8003\u5bdf (Thinking Dia-Grams: Mathematics, Writing, and Virtual Reality) \uff1b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u91cd\u5efa\u4e86 19 \u4e16\u7d00\u5c0e\u81f4\u91cd\u5927\u6578\u5b78\u767c\u73fe\uff08\u6216\u69cb\u9020\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5be6\u8e10 (Agency and the Hybrid Collectif)\uff1b\u8a0e\u8ad6 Niels Bohr \u4e92\u88dc\u539f\u7406\u5c0d\u7d93\u5178\u5be6\u5728\u89c0\u5ff5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1b\u5c0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u975e\u4eba\u985e \u201c\u6df7\u5408 hybrid\u201d \u7fa3\u9ad4\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u9032\u884c\u6aa2\u67e5 (Complementarity, Idealization, and the Limits of Classical Conceptions of Reality) \uff1b\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e2d\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u96b1\u55bb\u7684\u5206\u6790 (The Accidental Chordate: Contingency in Developmental Systems)\uff1b \u5c0d Shakespeare\u3001Frege\u3001Wittgenstein \u548c Beckett \u7684\u771f\u7406\u548c\u8b0a\u8a00\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u63a2\u7d22 (A Glance at SunSet: Numerical Fundaments in Frege, Wittgenstein, Shakespeare, Beckett) \uff1b \u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\/\u5be6\u5728\u8ad6\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u7576\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u9593\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u63a5\u89f8\u6216\u4e0d\u63a5\u89f8 (Microdynamics of Incommensurability: Philosophy of Science Meets Science Studies)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u671f\u671b\u6578\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u7406\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u8b5c\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u4e4b\u9593\u3002\u90a3\u5c07\u5176\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u7cfb\u8b5c\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f Andrew Pickering \u7684 \u201cConcepts and the Mangle of Practice: Constructing Quarternions\u201d\uff08 pp 40-82 \uff09\uff0c\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86 William Rowan Hamilton \u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-hk\/%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%83%E6%95%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u56db\u5143\u6578<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zjMuIxRvygQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">quaternions<\/a> \u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e00\u7a2e\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u5bb6\u8b5c\u6b77\u53f2\u5f80\u5f80\u559c\u6b61\u628a\u5076\u7136\u6027\u5e36\u5230\u4e2d\u5fc3\u821e\u53f0 \u2014\u2014 \u4e8b\u60c5\u672c\u4f86\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u662f \uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u9019\u7d66\u5bb6\u8b5c\u5b78\u5bb6\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u5373\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5c11\u6578\u5177\u6709\u6240\u6709\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u78ba\u5b9a\u5be6\u8e10\u904e\u7a0b\u6642\u6703\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u591a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u591a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u5f8c\u671f\u767c\u73fe\u65b9\u5411\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u504f\u96e2\u6700\u521d\u5148\u9a45\u8005\u610f\u5716\u7684\u6025\u5287\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u66f4\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6307\u5c0e\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u601d\u7dad\u5c07\u88ab\u63ed\u793a\u70ba\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u6545\u4e8b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f54\u64da\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c07\u6578\u5b78\u5f15\u5411\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728 Pickering \u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\u5982\u6b64\u7de9\u6162\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a73\u7d30\u8a0e\u8ad6 Hamilton \u7368\u7279\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b1b\u8ff0\u56db\u5143\u6578\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83 \u201c\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u7a81\u8b8a\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77e2\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u201d\u3002\uff08 p 45 \uff09\u3002Hamilton \u672a\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\u4ed6\u6700\u521d\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86 \u201c\u8a08\u7b97\u8207\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u95dc\u806f\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4ee3\u6578\u4fc2\u7d71\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee3\u6578\u548c\u5e7e\u4f55\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u7528\u806f\u7e6b\uff0c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u62bd\u8c61\u7684 \u3001\u5305\u7f85\u842c\u8c61\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u201d\uff08 p 59 \uff09\u3002\u56db\u5143\u6578\u7121\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u63a8\u7406\u4e09\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u3002\u5373\u4f7f Hamilton \u53ea\u8003\u616e\u4e86\u865b\u90e8\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\uff08\u5169\u689d\u76f4\u7dda\u7684\u4e58\u7a4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u666e\u901a\u6578\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u865b\u6578 \uff09\uff0c\u201c\u2026\u2026\u4ee3\u6578\u8207\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u7576\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8ad6\u8ac7\u5230\u4e09\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u9075\u5b88 Hamilton \u7684\u898f\u5247\uff08 p 60 \uff09\u3002\u201c\u76f4\u5230 1880 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c Hamilton \u53bb\u4e16\u5f8c\uff0cJosiah Willard Gibbs \u548c Oliver Heaviside \u624d\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u77e2\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5c07\u56db\u5143\u6578\u7cfb\u7d71\u5206\u89e3\u70ba\u66f4\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSMLbJDkFgupLJoHiuN-4tmhNFg-uJ3AqK1-oecUHK2rQ&amp;s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u56db\u5143\u6578\u96e2\u57df<\/a>\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u523b\u4e5f\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u89e3\u9ad4\u7684\u6642\u523b\u3002\u201d\uff08 p 60 \uff09 \u3002\u7e3d\u7684\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7531\u6b64\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u56db\u5143\u6578\u6240\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u4ee5\u5305\u542b 1300 \u7bc7\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53c3\u8003\u66f8\u76ee\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u56db\u5143\u6578\u548c\u806f\u5408\u4ee3\u6578\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u5462\uff1f\u6295\u5165\u5982\u6b64\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u6642\u4f86\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u95dc\u56db\u5143\u6578\u7684\u6709\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u6578\u5b78\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6700\u521d\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u591a\u6771\u897f\uff1f\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u5f9e\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u6210\u7fa4\u7d50\u968a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b78\u5230\u4e86\u6578\u5b78\u5728\u6700\u9ad8\u7d44\u7e54\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u5fc5\u7136\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u9732\u9762\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u70ba\u771f\u7406\u800c\u596e\u9b25 \u2014\u2014 \u6578\u5b78\u4e0d\u662f\u5c11\u6578\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u6d89\u53ca\u6578\u842c\u4eba\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5354\u4f5c\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u66f8\u5beb\u56db\u5143\u6578\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u5373\u6578\u767e\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cMathematics, Science, and Postclassical Theory\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7368\u7279\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9ede\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u524d\u5f9e\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u5efa\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u771f\u7406\u548c\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u5fb9\u5e95\u91cd\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5\u4e00\u7fa3\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u4eba\u70ba\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5b78\u79d1\u4e2d\u7576\u524d\u7406\u8ad6\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u80fd\u52d5\u6027 agency\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2 causality\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6027 determinacy\u3001\u8868\u5fb5 representation \u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u793e\u6703\u52d5\u614b social dynamics of knowledge\u3002 \u672c\u66f8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8868\u660e\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u8fd1\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3001\u6d3b\u529b\u548c\u666e\u904d\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5b83\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a31\u591a\u8f49\u6298\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u662f\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u548c\u4e0d\u592a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u3002\u96d6\u7136 \u201c\u5f8c\u7d93\u5178\u7406\u8ad6 Postclassical Theory\u201d \u4e00\u8a5e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8207\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u9818\u57df\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u767c\u73fe\u6216\u7576\u4ee3\u7406\u8ad6\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e2d\u5c0d\u9032\u5316\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4fee\u6b63\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5728\u9019\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u559a\u8d77\u5404\u7a2e\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5206\u6790\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u548c\u52aa\u529b\u5df2\u7d93\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u548c\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u4e00\u7d44\u76f8\u7576\u666e\u904d\u4f46\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u3001\u771f\u7406\u3001\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u73fe\u5be6\u548c\u8868\u5fb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u570d\u7e5e\u8af8\u5982\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u4ee5\u53ca\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7368\u7279\uff08 \u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u7368\u7279\u7684\uff09\u904b\u7b97\u7b49\u76f8\u95dc\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u88cf\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\u5305\u62ec Nietzsche\u3001James Joyce\u3001CS Peirce\u3001Wittgenstein\u3001Heidegger\u3001Thomas Kuhn\u3001Feyerabend\u3001Foucault\u3001Derrida \u548c Richard Rorty\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u62ec Niels Bohr\u3001Samuel Beckett\u2026\u2026\u548c Shakespeare\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u8868\u8ff0\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6280\u8853\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u4e26\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u5c11\u6578\u4efb\u6027\u7684\u6b50\u9678\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u6216\u7576\u5730\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\u8005\u3002\u5728\u6574\u500b\u672c\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u7cbe\u5fc3\u95e1\u8ff0\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u4e0d\u65b7\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6279\u8a55\u4f86\u81ea\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u5b78\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u5982\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f86\u81ea\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u3002\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u3001\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u6df7\u5408\u9818\u57df \u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6279\u8a55\u4e3b\u8981\u6e90\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u5f9e\u696d\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u719f\u6089\u7684\u6216\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u8b49\u660e\u3001\u771f\u7406\u3001\u73fe\u5be6\u7b49\u63cf\u8ff0\u8207\u7d93\u9a57\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u6578\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u6709\u6a5f\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u6b77\u53f2\u9032\u884c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002 \u9019\u88cf\u5c0d\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u8a31\u591a\u8ad6\u6587\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 Duke&nbsp;\u5927\u5b78\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3 Center for Interdisciplinary Studies &hellip; <a 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