{"id":9064,"date":"2023-08-31T05:29:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-31T05:29:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9064"},"modified":"2023-08-31T05:46:36","modified_gmt":"2023-08-31T05:46:36","slug":"michael-j-shapiros-cinematic-geopolitics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/08\/31\/michael-j-shapiros-cinematic-geopolitics\/","title":{"rendered":"Michael J. Shapiro’s Cinematic Geopolitics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u8853\u548c\u6279\u8a55\u8457\u4f5c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u96fb\u5f71\u653f\u6cbb\uff1a\u7236\u6b0a\u5236\u548c\u7537\u6027\u51dd\u8996\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u9738\u6b0a\u548c\u96fb\u5f71\u5167\u6db5\u3001\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u5ee3\u6cdb\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8607\u806f\u8499\u592a\u5947\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u3001\u6cd5\u570b\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u548c\u82f1\u7f8e\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5206\u6790\u96fb\u5f71\u7f8e\u5b78\u3001\u6587\u672c\u548c\u96fb\u5f71\u7522\u696d\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u59cb\u7d42\u900f\u904e\u8868\u9762\u5c0b\u627e\u9019\u4e9b\u542b\u7fa9\u55ce\uff1f\u5c0d\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u548c\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5206\u6790\u75f4\u8ff7\u5df2\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u63a8\u5411\u6df1\u6df5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5df2\u7d93\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5728\u6ce2\u6d6a\u4e2d\u821e\u52d5\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u96fb\u5f71\u4e2d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f \u653f\u6cbb\u96fb\u5f71\u3001\u6230\u722d\u8207\u9b25\u722d\u3001\u570b\u969b\u8207\u570b\u5167\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u8207\u6d88\u6975\u3001\u58d3\u8feb\u8207\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5118\u7ba1 Michael Camino<\/a>\u3001Oliver Stone<\/a> \u7b49\u5c0e\u6f14\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6ce2\u7f8e\u570b\u7d00\u9304\u7247\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff08\u97ff\u61c9Michael Moore<\/a> \u865f\u53ec\u96fb\u5f71\u5728\u6587\u5316\u62b5\u6297\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u89e3\u69cb\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u767c\u63ee\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\u62cd\u651d\u7684\u516c\u958b\u653f\u6cbb\u96fb\u5f71\u4eab\u6709\u76db\u8b7d\u3001\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5546\u696d\u6210\u529f\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u6c89\u8457\uff0c\u770b\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u627e\u5230\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u8db3\u53ef\u80fd\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc Wittgenstein \u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u8868\u9054\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u6211\u5011\u7528\u4f86\u63a2\u7a76\u4e16\u754c\u5967\u79d8\u7684\u8a5e\u8a9e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u5165\u6316\u6398\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4e86\u3002\u7dca\u96a8\u5176\u5f8c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42 \u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u201d \u5230\u5e95\u610f\u5473\u8457\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u6216\u8005 \u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u201d \u548c \u201c\u96fb\u5f71\u201d \u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u53ef\u80fd\u843d\u5728\u54ea\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u662f\uff0cTheodor Adorno \u548c Fredric Jameson \u7684\u6279\u8a55\u7cfb\u8b5c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u96fb\u5f71\u54f2\u5b78\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5f9e Jean-Louis Schefer<\/a> \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5728 Gilles Deleuze \u548c Jacques Ranciere \u6700\u8fd1\u6b63\u5728\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f Ranciere \uff0cAlthusser \u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u54f2\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u5beb\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c07\u96fb\u5f71\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6563\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e36\u5165\u4e86\u8207\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u61c9\u8a72\u6210\u70ba\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6279\u8a55\u554f\u984c\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53c3\u8003\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Paul Virilio \u5728 \u201cWar and Cinema: The Logistics of Perception<\/a><\/em>\u201d\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u8ac7\u53ca\uff0c\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u6230\u722d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6709\u8457\u4e0d\u53ef\u633d\u56de\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u4e58\u8457\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6a5f\u69cd\u548c\u96fb\u5f71\u651d\u5f71\u6a5f\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u6280\u8853\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u570b\u6c11\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u548c\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u4f54\u64da\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u4e00\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5df2\u7d93\u7d93\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u6307\u8cac\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u4e2d\u904e\u5ea6\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u548c\u96fb\u5f71\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5408\u4f5c\u4e36\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u7d44\u7e54\u793e\u6703\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5fd7\u540c\u9053\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u5f97\u5230\u4ed4\u7d30\u8003\u616e\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u653e\u96fb\u5f71\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u9032\u6b65\u3001\u66f4\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u986f\u7684\u9006\u6d41\uff08 \u53cd\u6230\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u60a0\u4e45\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u5176\u7dca\u8feb\u6027\u5728 2000 \u5e74\u4ee3\u52a0\u500d \uff09\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u96fb\u5f71\u6587\u5316\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6a5f\u69cb\u958b\u62d3\u6216\u5feb\u901f\u6355\u6349\u5275\u65b0\u96fb\u5f71\u6280\u8853\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u50b7\u4ea1\u4eba\u6578\u6fc0\u589e\uff08 2009 \u5e74 7 \u6708\u548c 8 \u6708\u662f\u81ea 2001 \u5e74\u5165\u4fb5\u4ee5\u4f86\u8fc4\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\u6700\u8840\u8165\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u6708 \uff09\u3001\u5fc3\u4e0d\u5728\u7109\u7684\u516c\u773e\u3001\u6eab\u9806\u4e14\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u7121\u95dc\u7dca\u8981\u7684\u5a92\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4f4d\u50cf George W. Bush \u7684\u8a31\u591a\u7e3d\u7d71\u4e00\u6a23\u9677\u5165\u5730\u7de3\u6230\u7565\u8ecd\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u5de6\u7ffc\u7684\u71b1\u5fc3\u652f\u6301\u8005\u64d4\u5fc3\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\u4f86\u53ec\u559a\u96fb\u5f71\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u6279\u5224\u529b\u91cf\u4f86\u8cea\u7591\u6b63\u7d71\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u60f3\u50cf \uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u53d7\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u3002\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u5927\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u6559\u6388 Michael J. Shapiro \u7684 \u201cCinematic Geopolitics<\/a>\u201d \u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8a72\u66f8\u8a66\u5716\u57f9\u80b2\u4e00\u7a2e\u96fb\u5f71\u7f8e\u5b78\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u7684\u7dca\u8feb\u611f\u548c\u9670\u8b00\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6e96\u78ba\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u63a8\u9032\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u9375\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u96fb\u5f71\u5982\u4f55\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u64fa\u812b\u672c\u61c9\u904e\u6642\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u7dad\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u70ba\u96fb\u5f71\u7814\u7a76\u7576\u524d\u7684\u75f4\u8ff7\uff08 \u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u62d0\u5f4e\u62b9\u89d2\u751a\u81f3\u8aa4\u5c0e\uff0c\u5e36\u8457\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u98a8\u683c \uff09\u7559\u4e0b\u5370\u8a18\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u62d2\u7d55\u57fa\u65bc\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u8ffd\u6c42\u57fa\u65bc\u96fb\u5f71\u5f62\u5f0f\u65b9\u9762\u7684 Deleuze \u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\uff08 \u5426\u8a8d Deleuze \u672c\u4eba\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5bd3\u8a00\u5f0f\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u5f0f \uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u5b8c\u5168\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7acb\u5373\u5c07\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u53e5\u6cd5\u548c\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u5bd3\u8a00\u5f0f\u89e3\u8b80\u8207 \u201c\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d \u7b49\u540c\u8d77\u4f86\u3002Shapiro \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u96d6\u7136\u672a\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u9019\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u8033\u76ee\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u539f\u5275\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u5728\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5be6\u8e10\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u5be9\u8996\u96fb\u5f71\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7528 Jacques Ranci\u00e8re \u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u8d70\u5411\u4e00\u7a2e\u5167\u5728\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5\u662f \u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5283\u5206\u201d \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u8ab0\u91cd\u8981\u3001\u8ab0\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u50be\u807d\u7684\u554f\u984c\u9032\u884c\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4ed6\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0cShapiro \u975e\u5e38\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5c0b\u6c42\u5f4c\u5408\u7f8e\u5b78\u3001\u502b\u7406\u548c\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u8a71\u8a9e\u7bc4\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u5730\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u5805\u5b9a\u7684\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u6982\u5ff5\u4ea4\u53c9\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u548c\u7c21\u6f54\u7684\u95e1\u8ff0 \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u8ecd\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6bd4\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7d00\u5f8b\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u501f\u9452 Ranci\u00e8re\u3001Gilles Deleuze \u548c Giorgio Agamben \u7b49\u4eba\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u6fc0\u9032\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u7d50\u5408\uff0c \u201cCinematic Geopolitics\u201d \u4e3b\u5f35\u96fb\u5f71\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u5fae\u89c0\u653f\u6cbb \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6559\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u5a92\u4ecb\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u6280\u8853\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u3001\u201c\u53cd\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u201d \u904b\u7528\u800c\u69cb\u6210\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u5c07\u4f7f\u89c0\u773e\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u812b\u96e2\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c0\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u52d9\u5be6\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u67d0\u4e9b\u6279\u5224\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u89c0\u773e\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u6975\u9650\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u9032\u6b65\u653f\u6cbb\u554f\u984c\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u6027\u8868\u73fe\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u8b8a\u9769\u3002 \u5728 \u201c\u6575\u5c0d\u7684\u89c0\u770b\u65b9\u5f0f hostile ways of seeing\u201d ( p 66 ) \u548c \u201c\u65b0\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u88fd\u5716 new cartographies of violence\u201d ( p 18 )\uff08 \u901a\u904e\u5b98\u65b9\u570b\u5bb6\u8a71\u8a9e\u3001\u65b0\u805e\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u96fb\u5f71\u696d\u7b49\u5ef6\u7e8c \uff09\u4e3b\u5c0e\u8457\u7576\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u201c\u7f8e\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb politics of aesthetics\u201d\uff08 Ranci\u00e8re \u6982\u5ff5 \uff09\u901a\u904e\u6279\u5224\u6027\u96fb\u5f71\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u60f3\u50cf\u53ca\u5176\u50b3\u7d71\u7684 \u201c\u6575\u5c0d\u5730\u7406 geographies of enmity\u201d ( p 19 ) \u7522\u751f\u4e86 \u201c\u7834\u58de\u6027\u5f71\u97ff disruptive effect \u201d ( p 47 $ p 49 )\u3002\u6839\u64da Shapiro \u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u50cf \u201cThe Road to Guantanamo<\/a>\u201d\uff08 Whitecross and Winterbottom<\/a>, 2006 \uff09 \u3001\u201cDirty Pretty Things<\/a>\u201d \uff08 Frears<\/a>\uff0c2002 \uff09\u3001\u201cThe End of Violence<\/a>\u201d \uff08 Wenders<\/a>\uff0c1997 \uff09\u548c \u201cA Friend of the Deceased<\/a>\u201d\uff08 Priyatel pokoynika\u3001Boyko & Krishtofovich<\/a>\uff0c1998 \uff09\u7b49\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u5c07\u89c0\u773e\u7f6e\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u908a\u7de3\u5316\u6216\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u8eab\u908a\u3002\u5f9e\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u6230\u7565\u5bb6\u6216\u5168\u7403\u5f8c\u52e4\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u91d1\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u53ef\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201cSalvador<\/a>\u201d\uff08 Stone<\/a>, 1986 \uff09\u3001\u201cThe Thin Red Line<\/a> \u201d \uff08 Malick<\/a>\uff0c1998 \uff09\u548c \u201cNo Man\u2019s Land<\/a>\u201d\uff08 Tanovic<\/a>\uff0c2001 \uff09\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u540c\u6a23\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5448\u73fe\u601d\u7dad\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u89aa\u773c\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u6700\u7d42\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u5b8f\u89c0\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u66b4\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael J. Shapiro \u901a\u904e\u5efa\u7acb\u96fb\u5f71\u89c0\u770b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f86\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5834\u666f\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u95dc\u65bc\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u632a\u5a01\u64d4\u4efb\u96fb\u5f71\u7bc0\u8a55\u59d4\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u81ea\u50b3\u8efc\u4e8b\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u4ee5\u516c\u958b\u547c\u7c72\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u95dc\u65bc\u4ed6\u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u548c\u5e73\u96fb\u5f71 peace film\u201d \u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u771f\u8aa0\u6a21\u7cca\u3002\u9019\u5247\u8efc\u4e8b\u662f Shapiro \u201c\u95dc\u65bc\u96fb\u5f71\u8207\u6230\u722d\u8207\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u570b\u969b\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u751f\u7269\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u201d\uff08 p 1 \uff09\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u6027\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u588a\u8173\u77f3\uff0c\u4f7f\u96fb\u5f71\u7bc0\u7684\u6c23\u6c1b\u7279\u5225\u504f\u5411\u65bc\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u3001\u53cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u3002Shapiro \u9084\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u8af7\u523a\u6027\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 Gillo Pontecorvo<\/a> \u7684 \u201cThe Battle of Algiers<\/a> \uff081966\uff09\u201d \u4f5c\u70ba\u9177\u5211\u548c\u53cd\u6050\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u653f\u6cbb\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u7528\u9014\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u89c0\u770b\u689d\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\u5176\u88fd\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u610f\u5716\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6 \u201cThe Road to Guantanamo<\/a>\u201d\uff08 Matt Whitecross & Michael Winterbottom\uff0c2006<\/a> \uff09\u5728\u8a18\u9304\u7f8e\u570b\u5728\u53cd\u6050\u6230\u722d\u671f\u9593\u6feb\u7528\u6b0a\u529b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u6642\uff0cShapiro \u751a\u81f3\u7528\u9019\u90e8\u96fb\u5f71\u5728\u96fb\u5f71\u7bc0\u4e0a\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff08\u734e\u9805\u3001\u69ae\u8b7d\u7b49\uff09\u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u53c3\u8003\u3002\u9a57\u8b49\u5176 \u201c\u771f\u5be6\u6548\u679c truth-effect\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u7bc0\u65e5\u8a55\u4f30\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u542b\u7fa9\u3002( p 36 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael J. Shapiro \u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u63ed\u793a\u6bcf\u500b\u6587\u672c\u7684 \u201c\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u7121\u610f\u8b58 geopolitical unconscious\u201d\uff08Fredric Jameson\uff0c\u201cThe Geopolitical Aesthetic: Cinema and Space in the World System<\/a><\/em>\u201d \uff0cIndiana 1996\uff09( p 41 & p 43 )\u3002\u96d6\u7136 Shapiro \u4e00\u76f4\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u751a\u9ebc\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f \u201c\u5982\u4f55\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u4ed6\u53cd\u5fa9\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6558\u4e8b\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6307\u793a\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\u5c0d\u8c61\u5fb5\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u548c\u53e3\u8a9e\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u5bd3\u8a00\u89e3\u8b80 \uff09\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u78ba\u5be6\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\uff1a\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u96fb\u5f71\u5716\u50cf\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u548c\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u548c\u53cd\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u770b\u770b Errol Morris<\/a> \u5c0d Robert McNamara<\/a> \u548c\u8d8a\u5357\u6230\u722d\u7684\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u7684\u4fee\u8a02\uff0cShapiro \u5e6b\u52a9\u8b49\u5be6\u4e86\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u96fb\u5f71\u7e7c\u627f\u4e86\u96fb\u5f71\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u5ba3\u50b3\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00 \u2014\u2014 \u8607\u806f\u7684\u717d\u52d5\u8005 Dziga Vertov <\/a>\u2014\u2014 \u201c\u5728\u67d0\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u5f71\u97ff\u601d\u60f3\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50c5\u50c5\u51b7\u975c\u5730\u544a\u77e5\uff08 p 77 \uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u610f Morris\u3001Michael Moore \u548c Oliver Stone \u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u6c7a\u4e0d\u80fd\u8b93\u9019\u7a2e\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u963b\u6b62\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u5c0d\u624b\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u6a19\u6e96\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u9019\u4e9b\u96fb\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u500b\u632a\u5a01\u96fb\u5f71\u7bc0\u65e5\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u662f\u5730\u4e0b\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u5821\u58d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b \u201c\u53cd\u7a7a\u9593 counter-space\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u66f4\u4e3b\u6d41\u548c\u8150\u6557\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002Shapiro \u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u5275\u610f\u6280\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u6240 ( University of Southern California\u2019s Institute for Creative Technology<\/a>\uff0cICT ) \u6240\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684 \u201c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5316-\u540c\u8b00\u5927\u5b78-\u8377\u91cc\u6d3b-\u8ecd\u4e8b\u806f\u7e6b militarization\u2013complicit university\u2013Hollywood\u2013military connection \u201d\uff08 p 37 \uff09\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u8b49\u660e\u5177\u6709\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u555f\u767c\u6027\u3002Shapiro \u900f\u9732\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u8853\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u96fb\u5f71\u4e4b\u9593\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u58d3\u8feb\u6027\u7684\u5354\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u62b1\u8ca0\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u88fd\u7247\u4eba\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8996\u807d\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u6280\u8853\u8207 \u201c\u611b\u570b\u8005\u6cd5\u6848 Patriot Act<\/a>\u201d \u7684\u58d3\u8feb\u6027\u57f7\u6cd5\u76ee\u6a19\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5229\u7528\u8377\u91cc\u6d3b\u6700\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u4eba\u624d\u5de5\u5ee0\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u4fb5\u72af\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u4fb5\u72af\u500b\u4eba\u96b1\u79c1\u3002Shapiro \u5c07\u6b64\u985e\u505a\u6cd5\u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7d1a\u7a7a\u9593\u5316 tertiary spatialization of terrorism\u201d\uff08 p 30 \uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u9670\u8b00\u904d\u5e03\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u88fd\u5ea6\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u9019\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u5fae\u89c0\u548c\u5b8f\u89c0\u653f\u6cbb\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u4f46\u7d50\u69cb\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael J. Shapiro \u5e36\u8457\u4ed6\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u7684\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u62b1\u8ca0\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6975\u5927\u8010\u5fc3\u3001\u700f\u89bd\u6bcf\u4e00\u90e8\u96fb\u5f71\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u96fb\u5f71\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u654f\u92b3\u3001\u6642\u800c\u5bcc\u6709\u555f\u767c\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u8cab\u7a7f\u59cb\u7d42\u7684\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u95e1\u8ff0\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u5c0d\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u4e8b\u696d\u7522\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u525b\u63a5\u89f8\u6279\u5224\u5730\u7406\u5b78\u6700\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u5b78\u8005\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u5c0d\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u3002Shapiro \u7684\u5730\u7406\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c\u6982\u5ff5\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u9019\u88cf\u5f9e\u672a\u660e\u78ba\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u591a\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u6545\u610f\u96e3\u4ee5\u78ba\u5b9a \u3002 \u201cCinematic Geopolitics\u201d \u4ee5\u5c0d\u53cd\u9738\u6b0a\u7a7a\u9593\uff08 \u4ed6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba \u201c\u96fb\u5f71\u7570\u6258\u90a6 cinematic heterotopia\u201d \uff09\u7684\u8efc\u4e8b\u6558\u8ff0\u4f5c\u70ba\u958b\u5834\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7a7a\u9593\u662f\u7531\u96fb\u5f71\u7bc0\u69cb\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u5340\u6a23\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u8868\u73fe\u548c\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7a7a\u9593\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u7368\u7279\u7814\u7a76\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u3002\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6eff\u8db3 Shapiro \u5c0d\u514b\u670d\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u9996\u8981\u548c\u7dca\u8feb\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u3001\u548c\u652f\u6490\u73fe\u4ee3\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u6070\u7576\u5730\u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u7a31\u70ba\u5f8c\u8a2d\u5730\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u5229\u5bb3\u95dc\u4fc2\u5728\u65bc\u901a\u904e\u6587\u5316\u6a5f\u69cb\u548c\u8a71\u8a9e\u6280\u8853\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u60f3\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u201cCinematic Geopolitics\u201d \u4e5f\u8a31\u4e0d\u662f\u96fb\u5f71\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u78b0\u5de7\u5c07\u96fb\u5f71\u4f5c\u70ba\u6587\u5316\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u53e6\u985e\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u7684\u6700\u5178\u7bc4\uff08 \u5118\u7ba1\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7522\u751f \uff09\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0cShapiro \u9078\u64c7\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u6587\u672c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7957\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8aaa\u660e\u4ed6\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7522\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u6709\u8457\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u548c\u660e\u986f\u7684\u71b1\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u6700\u7d42\u672a\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u96fb\u5f71\u5a92\u4ecb\u6216\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u3002\u6b63\u5982 Deleuze \u6216 Bernard Stiegler<\/a> \u6240\u7a31\u7684\u610f\u8b58 \u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u9003\u96e2\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6280\u8853\u570b\u5bb6\u4f54\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u88fd\u5716\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u975e\u96fb\u5f71\u6558\u4e8b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6587\u5b78\uff0c\u5728 Shapiro \u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u4f54\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u731c\u6e2c\u96fb\u5f71\u662f\u5426\u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6280\u8853\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u51fa\u73fe \u2014\u2014 \u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6240\u5021\u5c0e\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u76f8\u9047\u548c \u201c\u8de8\u5730\u57df\u6177\u6168 transterritorial generosity\u201d \u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5fae\u89c0\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shapiro \u7684\u5206\u6790\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u57fa\u65bc\u6bcf\u90e8\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\uff0c\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u4ed6\u672a\u660e\u8a00\u7684\u5c0d\u5167\u5bb9\u800c\u975e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5c0d\u7d00\u9304\u7247\u548c\u865b\u69cb\u93e1\u982d\u4e26\u7f6e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u559c\u611b\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f7f\u7279\u5b9a\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u591a\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e16\u754c\uff09\u4e5f\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u7279\u6b0a\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5916\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4ed6\u5c0d Errol Morris \u7684 \u201cFog of War<\/a>\u201d\uff082003\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u53d6\u666f\u548c\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7684 \u201c\u53cd\u6558\u4e8b\u6548\u679c dysnarrative effects\u2019\u201d \u7684\u7cbe\u5f69\u89e3\u8b80 \uff09\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u7d42\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u5c11\u95dc\u6ce8\u96fb\u5f71\u88fd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7368\u7279\u7684\u6642\u9593\u751f\u7522\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u66f4\u559c\u6b61\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u5c0d\u8a71\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u7e7c Deleuze \u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u4e2d\u65b7\u6027\u6642\u9593\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u88fd\u4f5c\u8996\u70ba\u5c0d\u904e\u6642\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u985e\u5225\u548c\u975c\u614b\u7684\u3001\u7121\u80fd\u70ba\u529b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u89e3\u69cb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u662f Michelangelo Antonioni<\/a> \uff08 \u5b83\u6839\u64da\u53bb\u4eba\u985e\u5316\u7684\u3001\u5730\u8cea\u7684\u7bc0\u594f\u548c\u5176\u4eba\u7269\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u878d\u5165\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u5efa\u7bc9\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d \uff09\u7684\u3001\u6bd4\u4e4b Alain Resnais<\/a> \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff08 \u901a\u904e\u96fb\u5f71\u4e16\u754c\u9023\u7e8c\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u5176\u975e\u4eba\u6027\u662f\u7531\u8a18\u61b6\u548c\u617e\u671b\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u6df7\u5408\u7d44\u6210 \uff09\u6709\u90a3\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5716\u50cf\u3002\u5728 \u201cCinematic Geopolitics\u201d \u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u98a8\u666f\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u4e26\u7f6e\u7e3d\u662f\u512a\u5148\u65bc\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u5230 Shapiro \u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5408\u9069\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u4ecd\u7136\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u88fd\u4f5c\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u7d55\u5c0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6771\u897f \u2014\u2014 \u96fb\u5f71\u6642\u4ee3\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u7684\u611f\u6027\u69cb\u6210\u3002\u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728 Shapiro \u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u6280\u8853\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u500b\u6027\u5316\u548c\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 \u201cPreemption up close: film and pax Americana\u201d \u5c0d\u53cd\u6050\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u5947\u602a\u540c\u4f19\u7684\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3001\u4f7f\u5f97 Shapiro \u7684\u66f8\u7684\u958b\u7bc7\u65e2\u6709\u8da3\u53c8\u5177\u6709\u555f\u767c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u9032\u884c\u7684 \u201c\u7f8e\u570b\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u548c\u5e73 pax Americana\u201d \u7406\u8ad6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u4ee5\u4f86\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5351\u9119\u9670\u8b00\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f Bush \u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u7136\u975e\u6cd5\u548c\u8352\u8a95\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u53d7\u5230\u61f7\u7591\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u904e\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u8377\u91cc\u6d3b\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u88fd\u4f5c\u6240\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u96fb\u5f71\u754c\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u6307\u8cac\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u53c3\u8207\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u4e3b\u984c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7d93\u5e38\u8207 20 \u4e16\u7d00 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u570b\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u5f8c\u8d8a\u5357\u6230\u722d\u548c\u5f8c\u6c34\u9580\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u662f\u96fb\u5f71\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u529b\u91cf\u7684\uff08\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\uff09\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u95dc\u4fc2\u9032\u884c\u6587\u5316\u5e72\u9810\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u9ede \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u4e00\u8ad6\u9ede\u5c08\u9580\u570d\u7e5eKant \u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u5b78\u79d1\u4e2d\u7684\u907a\u7522\u3002\u501f\u52a9 Deleuze \u548c Ranci\u00e8re \u5c0d Kant \u7684\u5fb9\u5e95\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u91cd\u8b80\uff0cShapiro \u8a66\u5716\u7528\u8907\u8208\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u7406\u8ad6\u53d6\u4ee3 Kant \u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u2014\u2014 \u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u5148\u9a45\u3002Shapiro \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cKant \u95dc\u65bc\u5be9\u7f8e\u906d\u9047\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d\u65bc\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u8aaa\u6bd4\u4ed6\u5728 19 \u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u601d\u60f3\u90fd\u66f4\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u6c89\u6d78\u5728\u7368\u7279\u7684 Westphalian \u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8b58<\/a>\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u8005\u5247\u5177\u6709\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u7684\u7834\u58de\u6027\u6f5b\u529b\uff0cKant \u672c\u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u5be6\u73fe\u5176\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc Kant \u548c Shapiro \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5d07\u9ad8\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5be9\u7f8e\u906d\u9047\u52d5\u6416\u4e86\u69cb\u6210\u73fe\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0cShapiro \u4f3c\u4e4e\u6700\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u6b50\u6d32\u6700\u8fd1\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u78ba\u4fdd\u9019\u4e00\u65b0\u8208\u77e5\u8b58\u8da8\u52e2\u5728\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u5b78\u79d1\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a71\u8aaa\u56de\u4f86\uff0cShapiro \u5c07\u9019\u7a2e\u5145\u6eff\u61f7\u7591\u548c\u89e3\u69cb\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u8996\u70ba Ranciere \u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u5373 \u201c\u96fb\u5f71\u901a\u904e\u6d88\u9664 ‘\u4eba\u8166\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c’ \u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u8996\u89ba\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u6062\u5fa9\u4e8b\u7269\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u72c0\u614b\uff08 p 5 \uff09\u3002Shapiro \u5c07\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u8207 Deleuze \u5c0d Bergson \u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u96fb\u5f71\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u80cc\u96e2\u4e86\u500b\u9ad4\u9ad4\u73fe\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\u7684 Descartes \u50b3\u7d71\uff0cShapiro \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u96fb\u5f71\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u548c\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u4e0a\u90fd\u80fd\u5920\u6062\u5fa9\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u610f\u7fa9\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u662f\u901a\u904e\u6211\u5011\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u800c\u6f0f\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u611f\u77e5\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002\u5c07\u9019\u7a2e\u7f8e\u5b78\u7f8e\u5fb7\u8207\u61f7\u7591\u8ad6\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0cShapiro \u63d0\u5230 Deleuze \u5c0d David Hume \u502b\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55 \u201c\u5f9e ‘\u6709\u9650\u7684\u540c\u60c5’ \u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba ‘\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u6177\u6168’ \u201d \u7684\u61c7\u6c42\u548c\u63a2\u7a76\u3002\uff08 p 4 \uff09 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shapiro \u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5c07 Deleuze \u548c Ranciere \u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u6d41\u884c\u57fa\u790e\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6230\u722d\u7684\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u958b\u59cb\uff0cShapiro \u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u96fb\u5f71\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff08 \u73fe\u5728\u4eba\u5011\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8aaa \u201cDeleuze \u5f0f\u201d \uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u5e8f\u8a00\uff0c\u8072\u7a31\u5834\u9762\u8abf\u5ea6\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u6545\u4e8b\u60c5\u7bc0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u96a8\u5f8c\u5c0d\u5f37\u8abf\u5176\u91cd\u9ede\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u57fa\u65bc\u5716\u50cf\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u96fb\u5f71\u6558\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14 \u201c\u5c07\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5f9e\u500b\u4eba\u6232\u5287\u8f49\u5411\u6232\u5287\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u653f\u6cbb\u6846\u67b6\u201d\uff08 p 11 \uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916 \uff0c\u5728\u5143\u7406\u8ad6\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\uff0cShapiro \u8072\u7a31\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u5728\u65bc \u201c\u65e8\u5728\u5c07\u7f8e\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u5360\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5730\u7de3\u6230\u7565\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c0d\u7acb\u8d77\u4f86\u201d\uff08 p 15 \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u4f54\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\uff08 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u200b\u200b\uff0cShapiro \u5728\u96fb\u5f71\u5b78\u8853\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u6709\u751a\u9ebd\u7279\u522b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u72af\u4e86\u76f8\u7576\u660e\u986f\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u548c\u907a\u6f0f\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5c0d Jameson\u3001Deleuze\u3001Virilio \u548c Ranciere \u7684\u56de\u61b6\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u4e14\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cShapiro \u8ffd\u96a8 Giorgio Agamben\uff0c\u5c07\u96e3\u6c11\uff08\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff09\u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5178\u578b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u5c07\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\uff08\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u57ce\u5e02\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u7a7a\u9593\u539f\u578b\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e00\u7a2e\u6f38\u9032\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u7834\u58de\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8ecd\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u4e00\u57fa\u672c\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002 \u901a\u904e\u8207\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u5be9\u7f8e\u63a5\u89f8\uff0cShapiro \u8a66\u5716\u6253\u9020\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5fae\u89c0\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u9023\u901a\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u540c\u6642\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5f8c Hugo Grotius<\/a> \u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5927\u4f7f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u9805\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u6210\u529f\u6b78\u6839\u7d50\u5e95\u662f\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u6587\u5316\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8b93\u96fb\u5f71\u8207\u6211\u5011\u7522\u751f\u5171\u9cf4\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u60f3\u50cf\u8207\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5207\u5165\u9ede\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u4e5f\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46 Shapiro \u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u7121\u5b9a\u5f62\u8cea\u91cf\u537b\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5225\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u611f\u89ba\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u98a8\u683c\u610f\u5716\u6839\u64da Kant \u5f0f\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u7522\u751f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 \u201c\u9707\u64bc\u6548\u679c shock effect\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6548\u61c9\u69cb\u5efa\u4e86\u524d\u8ff0\u7684 \u201c\u7f8e\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u8ab0\u548c\u751a\u9ebc\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u653f\u6cbb\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u4f86\u53cd\u5c0d\u4f54\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5730\u7de3\u6230\u7565\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u6b64\u985e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u627f\u8afe\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cShapiro \u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u503c\u5f97\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u4e26\u6700\u7d42\u5206\u5d29\u96e2\u6790\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u50c5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u5be9\u8996\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Shapiro \u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u6279\u5224\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u6279\u8a55\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u64fe\u4e82\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5de5\u4f5c \uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f37\u5316\u5b83\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u89c0\u773e\u80fd\u5920\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u4e0d\u5408\u6642\u5b9c\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u3001\u5b98\u65b9\u5ba3\u50b3\u7684\u5e7b\u89ba\u6216\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e00\u500b\u96aa\u60e1\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff08 p 47 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96fb\u5f71\u7bc0\u96fb\u5f71\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u7834\u58de\u3001\u88ab\u525d\u524a\u3001\u59a5\u5354\u3001\u4f46\u66dd\u5149\u5ea6\u592a\u4f4e\u7684\uff08\u4eba\u985e\uff09\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6158\u6de1\u6558\u4e8b\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u91cd\u8907\uff0c\u652f\u6490\u8457\u65b0\u6b96\u6c11\u6216\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u6642\u4ee3\u51b7\u6f20\u3001\u5486\u54ee\u7684\u5168\u7403\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6a5f\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167 Ranci\u00e8re \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u662f \u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5283\u5206 repartitioning of the political\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6b64\u985e\u96fb\u5f71\u5728\u5851\u9020\u672a\u4f86\u793e\u5340\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u9032\u5c55 \u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u6216\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684 \u201c\u627f\u8a8d\u502b\u7406 ethics of recognition\u201d ( p 63 )\uff0c\u5b83\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u751a\u9ebc\u548c\u8ab0\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6240\u6709\u820a\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7d00\u9304\u7247\u548c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u88fd\u4f5c\u7684\u53cd\u8ecd\u570b\u4e3b\u200b\u200b\u7fa9\u96fb\u5f71\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6084\u7136\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u4e9e\u6587\u5316\u5728\u5145\u5206\u767c\u63ee\u5176\u6f5b\u529b\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u65b0\u7684 \u201c\u611f\u77e5\u53e6\u985e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8d85\u8d8a\u6575\u5c0d\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u898f\u7bc4\u201d \u3002\u7bc0\u65e5\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u5be6\u9ad4\u70ba\u4e86\u76f8\u4e92\u548c\u5e73\u4ea4\u6d41\u800c\u81e8\u6642\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5b83\u9810\u793a\u8457\u9019\u7a2e\u53e6\u985e\u4e16\u754c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u6a23\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u8853\u548c\u6279\u8a55\u8457\u4f5c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u96fb\u5f71\u653f\u6cbb\uff1a\u7236\u6b0a\u5236\u548c\u7537\u6027\u51dd\u8996\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u9738\u6b0a\u548c\u96fb\u5f71\u5167\u6db5\u3001\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u5ee3\u6cdb\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8607\u806f\u8499\u592a\u5947\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u3001\u6cd5\u570b\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u548c\u82f1\u7f8e\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5206\u6790\u96fb\u5f71\u7f8e\u5b78\u3001\u6587\u672c\u548c\u96fb\u5f71\u7522\u696d\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u59cb\u7d42\u900f\u904e\u8868\u9762\u5c0b\u627e\u9019\u4e9b\u542b\u7fa9\u55ce\uff1f\u5c0d\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u548c\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5206\u6790\u75f4\u8ff7\u5df2\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u63a8\u5411\u6df1\u6df5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5df2\u7d93\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5728\u6ce2\u6d6a\u4e2d\u821e\u52d5\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u96fb\u5f71\u4e2d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f \u653f\u6cbb\u96fb\u5f71\u3001\u6230\u722d\u8207\u9b25\u722d\u3001\u570b\u969b\u8207\u570b\u5167\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u8207\u6d88\u6975\u3001\u58d3\u8feb\u8207\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u5462\uff1f \u5118\u7ba1 Michael Camino\u3001Oliver Stone \u7b49\u5c0e\u6f14\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6ce2\u7f8e\u570b\u7d00\u9304\u7247\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff08\u97ff\u61c9Michael Moore \u865f\u53ec\u96fb\u5f71\u5728\u6587\u5316\u62b5\u6297\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u89e3\u69cb\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u767c\u63ee\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\u62cd\u651d\u7684\u516c\u958b\u653f\u6cbb\u96fb\u5f71\u4eab\u6709\u76db\u8b7d\u3001\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5546\u696d\u6210\u529f\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u6c89\u8457\uff0c\u770b\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u627e\u5230\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u8db3\u53ef\u80fd\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc Wittgenstein \u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u8868\u9054\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u6211\u5011\u7528\u4f86\u63a2\u7a76\u4e16\u754c\u5967\u79d8\u7684\u8a5e\u8a9e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6df1\u5165\u6316\u6398\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4e86\u3002\u7dca\u96a8\u5176\u5f8c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42 \u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u201d \u5230\u5e95\u610f\u5473\u8457\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u6216\u8005 \u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u201d \u548c \u201c\u96fb\u5f71\u201d \u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u53ef\u80fd\u843d\u5728\u54ea\u3002 \u5e78\u904b\u7684\u662f\uff0cTheodor Adorno \u548c Fredric Jameson \u7684\u6279\u8a55\u7cfb\u8b5c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u96fb\u5f71\u54f2\u5b78\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5f9e Jean-Louis Schefer \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5728 Gilles Deleuze \u548c Jacques Ranciere \u6700\u8fd1\u6b63\u5728\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f Ranciere \uff0cAlthusser \u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u54f2\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u5beb\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c07\u96fb\u5f71\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6563\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e36\u5165\u4e86\u8207\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u61c9\u8a72\u6210\u70ba\u7576\u4ee3\u5c0d\u96fb\u5f71\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6279\u8a55\u554f\u984c\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53c3\u8003\u9ede\u3002 \u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Paul Virilio \u5728 \u201cWar … Continue reading 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