{"id":9074,"date":"2023-09-10T10:21:04","date_gmt":"2023-09-10T10:21:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9074"},"modified":"2023-09-10T10:21:11","modified_gmt":"2023-09-10T10:21:11","slug":"christian-psychotherapy-in-context-theoretical-and-empirical-explorations-in-faith-based-mental-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/09\/10\/christian-psychotherapy-in-context-theoretical-and-empirical-explorations-in-faith-based-mental-health\/","title":{"rendered":"Christian Psychotherapy in Context: Theoretical and Empirical Explorations in Faith-Based Mental Health"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95dc\u65bc\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78 psychopamology \u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002Allen E. Bergin ( \u201c<em>Religiosity and Mental Health: A Critical Reevaluation and Meta-Analysis<\/em>\u201d\uff0c1983 ) \u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u8588\u8403\u200b\u200b\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c23% \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u8ca0\u76f8\u95dc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c47% \u5831\u544a\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c30% \u5831\u544a\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u6839\u64da\u5c0d 200 \u591a\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u56de\u9867\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u56db\u500b\u8da8\u52e2\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> (a) \u5927\u591a\u6578\u5c07\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba \u201c\u8edf\u8b8a\u91cf soft variables\u201d \u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u5373\u7d19\u7b46\u4eba\u683c\u8a66\u5716\u6e2c\u91cf\u7406\u8ad6\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002 \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5c07\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u7a4d\u6975\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u662f\u95dc\u65bc \u201c\u786c\u8b8a\u91cf hard variables\u201d\uff0c\u5373 \u201c\u73fe\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b real life\u201d \u7684\u884c\u70ba\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u884c\u70ba\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u89c0\u5bdf\u548c\u6e2c\u91cf\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(b) \u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6700\u5e38\u8207\u885d\u52d5\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u8db3\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u800c\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6700\u5e38\u8207\u904e\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(c) \u5b97\u6559\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6e2c\u91cf\u6bd4\u614b\u5ea6\u6e2c\u91cf\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u66f4\u70ba\u5bc6\u5207\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(d) \u5167\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u8654\u8aa0\u548c\u5916\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u8654\u8aa0\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8  \u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Christian-Psychotherapy-Context-Theoretical-Explorations-ebook\/dp\/B07Q5HTH3N\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2MXQBGIWMMWY1&amp;keywords=Christian+Psychotherapy+in+Context%3A+Theoretical+and+Empirical+Explorations+in+Faith-Based+Mental+Health&amp;qid=1694340860&amp;sprefix=christian+psychotherapy+in+context+theoretical+and+empirical+explorations+in+faith-based+mental+health%2Caps%2C295&amp;sr=8-1\">Christian Psychotherapy in Context: Theoretical and Empirical Explorations in Faith-Based Mental Health<\/a><\/em>\u201d  \u5c07\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u5f9e\u696d\u8005\u6eff\u8db3\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6848\u4e3b\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u9700\u6c42\u3002 \u70ba\u4e86\u9f13\u52f5\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u5167\u9032\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u8207\u6848\u4e3b\u60c5\u611f\u9b25\u722d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9ede\uff0c\u501f\u9452\u4e86\u57fa\u790e\u795e\u5b78\u6587\u672c\u548c\u5e38\u898b\u56e0\u7d20\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6587\u737b\u7b49\u4f86\u6e90\u3002 \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7531\u5169\u4f4d\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b78\u8853\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u4e00\u4f4d\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5408\u4f5c\u64b0\u5beb\uff0c\u70ba\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u539f\u5247\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5be6\u8e10\u92ea\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50c5\u50c5\u5c07\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e8b\u5f8c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5e72\u9810 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e7e\u5343\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u8981\u5b97\u6559\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u805a\u7126\u7684\u93e1\u982d\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5b83\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u5fc3\u7406\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u6cbb\u7642 \u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u8a8d\u540c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u6709\u6a5f\u5730\u6e90\u65bc\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u6709\u95dc\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u7fa9\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u56db\u500b\u9996\u8981\u7684\u3001\u7dca\u8feb\u7684\u554f\u984c\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u51fa\u73fe\u5f9e\u7d66\u5b9a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u570d\u7e5e\u4eba\u985e\u7684 \u201c\u8ab0\u201d\u3001\u201c\u54ea\u88e1\u201d \u548c \u201c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u201d \u7d44\u7e54\u8d77\u4f86\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\uff0c\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff08\u8b80\u8005\u9808\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5728\u6574\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u201d \u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u6846\u67b6\u201d\u3001\u201c\u80cc\u666f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u93e1\u982d\u201d \uff09\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6355\u6349\u57fa\u7763\u6559 \u201c\u85cd\u5716 \u201d \u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8655\u5883\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5fc3\u7406\u79d1\u5b78\u64c1\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u69cb\u5efa\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684 \u201c\u57fa\u77f3\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u66f8\u7acb\u5834\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u6b63\u7d71\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u624d\u64c1\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u7684 \u201c\u85cd\u5716\u201d \u4f86\u7406\u89e3 \u201c\u8ab0\u201d \u3001\u201c\u54ea\u88e1\u201d \u548c \u201c\u751a\u9ebc\u201d\u3002\u91dd\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6848\u4e3b\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u3002 \u6700\u7d42\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684 \u201c\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u201d \u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u654f\u611f\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6025\u9700\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c0d\u65bc\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u5275\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8207\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6700\u521d\u5275\u9020\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u662f \u201c\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u4e92\u52d5\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5ee3\u95ca\u3001\u958b\u653e\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u58ae\u843d\uff0c\u7834\u788e\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u548c\u7d0a\u4e82\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u7d93\u6b77\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u932f\u7d9c\u8907\u96dc\u5730\u4ea4\u7e54\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u76f8\u4fe1\u8036\u7a4c\u9032\u5165\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6551\u8d16\u58ae\u843d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u548c\u597d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u61f7\u8457\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u5fcd\u8010\u7b49\u5f85\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6700\u7d42\u6062\u5fa9\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u5f9e\u8056\u7d93\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u548c\u6559\u7fa9\u4e2d\u5c0b\u6c42\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7cbe\u795e\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u8056\u7d93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9023\u8cab\u3001\u5168\u9762\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5143\u6558\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5143\u6558\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5b58\u5728\u56db\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5275\u9020\u3001\u58ae\u843d\u3001\u6551\u8d16\u548c\u5fa9\u8208\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5275\u9020\u56e0\u58ae\u843d\u800c\u88ab\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u76f8\u4fe1\u8036\u7a4c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u91ab\u6cbb\u6551\u8d16\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u5fa9\u8208\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u820a\u7d04\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a69\u7bc7\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u8207\u6cbb\u7642\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u547c\u558a\u3001\u8acb\u6c42\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e6b\u52a9\u3001\u8868\u9054\u6cae\u55aa\u6216\u61a4\u6012\u3001\u611f\u8b1d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5df2\u7d93\u807d\u5230\u4e86\u61c7\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u7d04\u4e2d\uff0c\u8036\u7a4c\u548c\u4f7f\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f85\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u9577\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6399\u624e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u654f\u92b3\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u5f9e\u6182\u616e\u5230\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u82e6\u96e3\u6642\u7684\u5fcd\u8010\uff0c\u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u5c0d\u82e6\u96e3\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u5584\u548c\u6210\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8056\u7d93\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u9084\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u7121\u6578\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7cbe\u795e\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c0e\u81f4\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u6cbb\u7652\u7684\u6700\u986f\u8457\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6c99\u6f20\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7d93\u5e38\u80cc\u8aa6\u8056\u7d93\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u5c07\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u9060\u96e2\u8a98\u60d1\u6027\u7684\u3001\u5f37\u8feb\u6027\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u8207\u6c99\u6f20\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5167\u5fc3\u7d93\u6b77\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7121\u804a\u3001\u64d4\u6182\u3001\u60b2\u50b7\uff09\u4f5c\u9b25\u722d\u3002Augustine \u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u5167\u5fc3\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u8207\u8036\u7a4c\u5efa\u7acb\u6cbb\u6108\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f5c\u70ba\u88dc\u6551\u63aa\u65bd\u3002Thomas Aquinas \u64b0\u5beb\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u57fa\u672c\u7f8e\u5fb7\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u7f8e\u5fb7\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e03\u7a2e\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u4f86\u6307\u5c0e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Saint-Teresa-of-Avila\" target=\"_blank\">Theresa of Avila<\/a>\u3001<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/John-of-the-Cross\" target=\"_blank\">John of the Cross<\/a> \u548c \u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/sspa\/click?ie=UTF8&amp;spc=MTo0NDQyODY3Mjg4NzkxNjE3OjE2OTQzNDExMDI6c3BfYXRmOjIwMDAyMzU4NDAwNDMyMTo6MDo6&amp;url=%2FCloud-Unknowing%2Fdp%2F1420965433%2Fref%3Dsr_1_1_sspa%3Fcrid%3D6KJYBGWP9WJV%26keywords%3DCloud%2Bof%2BUnknowing%26qid%3D1694341102%26sprefix%3Dcloud%2Bof%2Bunknowing%252Caps%252C281%26sr%3D8-1-spons%26sp_csd%3Dd2lkZ2V0TmFtZT1zcF9hdGY%26psc%3D1\">Cloud of Unknowing<\/a><\/em>\u201d\u7684\u533f\u540d\u4f5c\u8005\u7b49\u6c89\u601d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6295\u8aa0\uff0f\u964d\u670d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u812b\u96e2\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u57f9\u990a\u8207\u4e0a\u5e1d\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5c48\u670d\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u91cd\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8\u9806\u670d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u65e8\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u70ba\u5728\u8003\u9a57\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5e73\u5b89\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u65b0\u6559\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u5beb\u4e0b\u4e86\u767c\u81ea\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u51a5\u60f3\uff0c\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u6399\u624e\uff0c\u70ba\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u548c\u7f9e\u6065\u611f\u3001\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u611f\u5230\u8207\u4e0a\u5e1d\u758f\u9060\u7684\u8036\u7a4c\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u51fa\u8def\uff1b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u95dc\u6ce8\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff08 \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u6211 \uff09\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u7e41\u69ae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002S\u00f8ren Kierkegaard \u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4e3b\u984c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7126\u616e\u3001\u7d55\u671b\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90fd\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u9023\u8cab\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u529f\u80fd \uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u6574\u500b\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684 150 \u5e74\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u53d7\u82e6\u53d7\u96e3\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u5df2\u7d93\u8f49\u5411\u690d\u6839\u65bc\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u8655\u5883\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7531\u65bc Sigmund Freud \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u6027\u5fc3\u7406\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u4f86\u6e1b\u8f15\u75db\u82e6\uff1b\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u88c2\u75d5\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u6b77\u4ee3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u90fd\u5c0d\u5167\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5916\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e0a\u654f\u92b3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u770b\u4f3c\u76f8\u4e92\u722d\u9b25\u3001\u4ea4\u6230\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u96e3\u4ee5\u76f8\u8655\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b \uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f9e\u4e16\u4fd7\u53d6\u5411\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7d0d\u5165\u5df2\u7d93\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7576\u4ee3\u52aa\u529b\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u57f9\u990a\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u8056\u7d93\u548c\u6b77\u4ee3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u8457\u4f5c\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4eba\u985e\u6539\u5584\u3001\u6210\u9577\u4e26\u6210\u529f\u61c9\u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u7684\u82e6\u96e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u5165\u624b\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u5617\u8a66\u8207\u7576\u524d\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u958b\u767c\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6559\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e26\u884c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f5b\u6559\u5c0d\u75db\u82e6\u3001\u57f7\u8457\u3001\u7121\u5e38\u548c\u7121\u6211\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u52aa\u529b\u5f9e\u4f5b\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5c07\u6b63\u5ff5\u51a5\u60f3\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u9023\u8cab\u7684\u50b3\u905e\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f86\u589e\u5f37\u6b63\u5ff5\u51a5\u60f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u8f15 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u6cbb\u7642\u5ba4\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u51a5\u60f3\u5df2\u7d93\u812b\u96e2\u4e86\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u78ba\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u5c0d\u51a5\u60f3\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9700\u8981\u63a1\u7528\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u70ba\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u92ea\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def \u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8996\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6a23\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u5728\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u8003\u616e\u6848\u4e3b\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6307\u5357\u63d0\u5021\u5728\u6848\u4e3b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u5167\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50c5\u50c5\u5bb9\u5fcd\u6cbb\u7642\u5ba4\u4e2d\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6703\u7684 \u201c<em>Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice, and Organizational Change for Psychologists <\/em>\uff082002\uff09\u201d \u89e3\u91cb\u8aaa\uff0c\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u8981 \u201c\u7d50\u5408\u60c5\u5883\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\u6848\u4e3b clientsin-context,\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u9032\u884c\u5e72\u9810\u4ee5\u6e1b\u8f15\u75db\u82e6\u6642\u52aa\u529b\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u7368\u7279\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0 \u3002\u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u5f9e\u6848\u4e3b\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u66f8 \u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Handbook-Spirituality-Worldview-Clinical-Practice\/dp\/1585621048\/ref=sr_1_1?crid=109O1C57735Q1&amp;keywords=Handbook+of+Spirituality+and+Worldview+in+Clinical+Practice&amp;qid=1694341195&amp;sprefix=handbook+of+spirituality+and+worldview+in+clinical+practice%2Caps%2C278&amp;sr=8-1\">Handbook of Spirituality and Worldview in Clinical Practice<\/a><\/em> (2004)\u201d \u4e2d\u6307\u51fa \u201c\u81e8\u5e8a\u554f\u984c linical concerns \u201d\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u75c7\u72c0\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919 \uff09\u548c \u201c\u5b58\u5728\u554f\u984c existential concerns\u201d \u4e4b\u9593\u7d93\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u758a \uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22\u5404\u7a2e\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u554f\u984c\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u610f\u7fa9\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u5e0c\u671b \uff09\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u554f\u984c\u6709\u6642\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u50c5\u95dc\u6ce8\u6848\u4e3b\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u9ad4\u9a57\u6216\u4f9d\u9760\u5b97\u6559\u9818\u8896\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u554f\u984c\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u616e\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u5f9e \u201c\u60a3\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54f2\u5b78 patient\u2019s own philosophy of life\u201d \u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f9e \u201c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6 shared perspective\u201d \u8207\u6848\u4e3b\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff08 p 54 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7d50\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\u53d6\u5411\u80fd\u5920 \u201c\u58df\u65b7\u201d \u6539\u8b8a\u904e\u7a0b \u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u6aa2\u9a57\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u6539\u5584\u6642\uff0c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5e38\u898b\u56e0\u7d20\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u7406\u8ad6\u65b9\u5411\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u901a\u904e\u8a8d\u77e5\u6d1e\u5bdf\u548c\u60c5\u7dd2\u8655\u7406\u9032\u884c\u5b78\u7fd2\u4ee5\u53ca\u767c\u5c55\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u65b0\u884c\u70ba\u5728\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u737b\u7d9c\u8ff0 \u201c<em>Expanding the lens of evidence-based practice in psychotherapy: a common factors perspective<\/em>\uff0c\uff08Laska, K., Gurman, A., &amp; Wampold, B. (2014)&nbsp;\uff09\u201d \u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\u4e2d\u6240\u4f54\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u6392\u540d\u524d\u4e09\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6a19\u4e0a\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0812%\uff09\u3001\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\uff089%\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u6cbb\u7642\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08 8%\uff09\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u90fd\u6839\u690d\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u8cab\u7a7f\u6574\u672c\u8056\u7d93\uff0c\u4e26\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5169\u5343\u5e74\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u91ab\u751f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u9019\u8aaa\u660e\u5fc3\u7406\u75db\u82e6\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08 \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u61c9\u5c0d\u6280\u5de7\u6216\u85e5\u7269\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9664\u7684\u6771\u897f \uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\u6703\u60a3\u6709\u7126\u616e\u75c7\uff0c\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u60a3\u6709\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u58ae\u843d\u53ca\u5176\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u904e\u53bb 2000 \u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7d93\u5e38\u5c0d\u5e6b\u52a9\u4eba\u985e \u201c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53d7\u82e6 suffer well\u201d \u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7cbe\u795e\u8cc7\u6e90\u63d0\u51fa\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u5b89\u6170\u3001\u9f13\u52f5\u548c\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u5c0d 34 \u9805\u5df2\u767c\u8868\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8588\u8403\u5206\u6790\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u76f8\u95dc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08\u6548\u61c9\u8f03\u5c0f\uff09\uff08 Hackney &amp; Sanders (2003)&nbsp;\u201c<em>Religiosity and mental health: A meta-analysis of recent studies<\/em>\u201d\uff0c2003\uff09\u3002\u5c0d 49 \u9805\u5df2\u767c\u8868\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u55ae\u7368\u8588\u8403\u5206\u6790\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u61c9\u5c0d\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u9069\u61c9\u58d3\u529b\u751f\u6d3b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u76f8\u95dc\uff08 \u4e2d\u7b49\u6548\u61c9\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff08 Ano, G., &amp; Vasconcelles, E. (2005)&nbsp;\u201c<em>Religious coping and psychological adjustment to stress: A meta-analysis<\/em>\u201d\uff0c2005\uff09\u3002\u6b77\u4ee3\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u90fd\u4e00\u81f4\u5730\u5beb\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u58d3\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5805\u5b9a\u4e0d\u79fb\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e36\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u6027\u7684\u597d\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e94\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u5230\u57fa\u65bc\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u5c0d\u81ea\u6211\u6148\u60b2\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u88e1\u5df2\u7d93\u6ef2\u900f\u5230\u81e8\u5e8a\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u501f\u9452\u4f5b\u6559\u6839\u6e90\uff08 Grabovac, A., Lau, M., &amp; Willett, B. (2011) \u201c<em>Mechanisms of mindfulness: A Buddhist psychological model<\/em>\u201d \uff09\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8f49\u5411\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u907a\u7522\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u61c9\u5c0d\u82e6\u96e3\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5c07\u6771\u65b9\u54f2\u5b78\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u9760\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u795e\u5b78\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u89c0\u9ede\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5c0d\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\u548c\u7a4d\u6975\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b78\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u78ba\u5b9a\u8a31\u591a <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/librojamanto\/5167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DSM-5<\/a> \u8a3a\u65b7\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u8868\u660e\u5fc3\u7406\u75db\u82e6\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u50c5\u50c5\u6307\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u91ab\u7642\u5e72\u9810\u7684\u751f\u7269\u72c0\u6cc1\u66f4\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u63a1\u7528\u73fe\u5834\u8a66\u9a57\u4f86\u78ba\u5b9a DSM-5 \u8a3a\u65b7\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff08 \u5373\u4e00\u81f4\u6027 \uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u4e2d\u5c1a\u672a\u78ba\u5b9a\u8a3a\u65b7\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002DSM-5 \u5c64\u9762\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u75be\u75c5\u90fd\u4f9d\u8cf4\u75c7\u72c0\u548c\u9ad4\u5fb5\u4f86\u5f97\u51fa\u8a3a\u65b7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u91ab\u5b78\u5206\u652f\u90a3\u6a23\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6e2c\u8a66\uff08  \u4f8b\u5982\u57fa\u56e0\u6e2c\u8a66\u3001\u8840\u6db2\u6aa2\u67e5\u3001\u6210\u50cf\u7d50\u679c\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf \u201c\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u201d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff08a\uff09\u96e3\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6b63\u5e38\u8207\u7570\u5e38\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7dda\uff08 \u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u91ab\u751f\u6709\u6642\u5c07\u6b63\u5e38\u73fe\u8c61\u75c5\u7406\u5316\uff0c\u7528\u85e5\u7269 \u201c\u6539\u5584\u201d \u529f\u80fd \uff09\uff1b(b) \u7f3a\u4e4f\u8b58\u5225\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6a19\u8a18\uff1b(c) \u8a3a\u65b7\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5408\u4f75\u75c7\uff1b(d) \u5728\u5217\u51fa\u8a3a\u65b7\u6240\u9700\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u6642\u4efb\u610f\u622a\u65b7\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0cDSM-5 \u5f88\u5feb\u6307\u51fa\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u751f\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u5ba2\u6236\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u627f\u8a8d\u69cb\u6210\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u56e0\u6587\u5316\u800c\u7570\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08 DSM-5 \u4e2d\u8a3a\u65b7\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u75c7\u72c0\u8a08\u6578\u548c\u5ba2\u6236\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53d7\u640d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5831\u544a \uff09\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6587\u5316\u800c\u7570\uff0c\u9019\u8868\u660e\u8a3a\u65b7\u904e\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u5316\u504f\u898b\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u5230\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u58ae\u843d\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u80af\u5b9a\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u81f3\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u539f\u56e0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e5f\u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u3001\u793e\u6703\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5b97\u6559\u91cd\u65b0\u88ab\u9080\u8acb\u53c3\u8207\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u82e6\u96e3\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u8457\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u8a66\u9014\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6848\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u65bc\u81e8\u5e8a\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u7684\u9019\u516d\u9805\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u9ede\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u70ba 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u7368\u7279\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u5f37\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u5e72\u9810\u5fc5\u9808\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u6eff\u8db3\u6cbb\u7642\u5ba4\u4e2d\u8654\u8aa0\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u6587\u737b\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u5f0f\u6700\u521d\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u3001\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u800c\u958b\u767c\u7684\uff0c\u812b\u96e2\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u6642\u5c0b\u6c42\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7bc4\u5f0f \u4e0d\u518d\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u985e\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6a19\u6e96\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c07\u7cbe\u795e\u9818\u57df\u8996\u70ba &#8216;\u73fe\u5be6&#8217;\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u9748\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u548c\u4eba\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u9032\u5165\u4eba\u985e\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u5fa9\u6211\u5011\u8655\u7406\u6574\u500b\u4eba\u554f\u984c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5118\u7ba1\u79d1\u5b78\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7bc4\u5f0f\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u4e3b\u5c0e\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u4f46\u7e2e\u5c0f\u7bc4\u570d\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u6b77\u53f2 \uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u73fe\u5be6\uff1a\u6b77\u4ee3\u4e0d\u540c\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u90fd\u627f\u8a8d\u4eba\u985e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u66f4\u8d85\u7136\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u65b9\u9762\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f9e\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u51fa\u767c\u7684\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u65b9\u5411\u901a\u5e38\u50cf\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e00\u6a23\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528 \u2014\u2014 \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u8981\u6c42\u5ba2\u6236\u4ee5\u67d0\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6539\u8b8a\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u70ba\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u9a30\u51fa\u7a7a\u9593\u5462\uff1f\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u9748\u6027\u9a30\u51fa\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u7576\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u767c\u751f\u6642\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8654\u8aa0\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u6062\u5fa9\u529b\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u7de9\u885d\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u91cb\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\u548c\u5eb7\u5fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u6587\u737b\u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u73fe\u5be6\uff1a\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u56e0\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91cb\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6539\u5584\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u7d93\u5e38\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7cbe\u795e\u8457\u4f5c\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u9019\u8868\u660e\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709 \u201c\u767c\u73fe\u201d \u65b0\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u6578\u5343\u5e74\u4f86\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e38\u898b\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u3001\u958b\u5275\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u6cbb\u7642\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5c07\u58eb\u6c23\u4f4e\u843d\u8996\u70ba\u5ba2\u6236\u5411\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u5c0b\u6c42\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba \uff0c\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u5c0b\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eba\u5e6b\u52a9\u81ea\u5df1\u7de9\u89e3\u75db\u82e6\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u611f\u5230\u5b64\u7368\u3001\u7d55\u671b\u548c\u7121\u52a9\u3002\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u5c0b\u6c42\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ee5\u6e1b\u8f15\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f86\u8a2a\u8005\u9032\u5165\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u9019\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\uff08a\uff09\u5f37\u8abf\u4f86\u8a2a\u8005\u60c5\u611f\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u652f\u6301\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\uff08b\uff09\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5834\u6240\u52aa\u529b\u6539\u9032\uff0c(c) \u4e00\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u554f\u984c\u548c\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08d\uff09\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u5f71\u97ff\u8b8a\u9769\u7684\u5546\u5b9a\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u6539\u5584\u4f86\u8a2a\u8005\u7684\u5b64\u7368\u611f\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u6062\u5fa9\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u611f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4f86\u8a2a\u8005\u7684\u6548\u80fd\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u5be6\u8e10\u65b0\u884c\u70ba\u5275\u9020\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u5f9e\u67d0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5faa\u8b49\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7d9c\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6539\u9032\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5c07\u5e6b\u52a9\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u767c\u751f\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u524d\u5f80\u9059\u9060\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8207\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u4e92\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u60a3\u6709\u6162\u6027\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u7919\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4f86\u8a2a\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u505a\u597d\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u53cd\u5fa9\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6e96\u5099\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u501f\u9452\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\u505a\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f37\u8abf\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u8ff0\u91dd\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u5de8\u5927\u75db\u82e6\u6642\u5fcd\u53d7\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6f14\u8b1b\u8005\u548c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u50c5\u5927\u529b\u4e3b\u5f35\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u66f4\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u82e6\u96e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u751f\u6d3b\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u5728\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u761f\u75ab\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7570\u6559\u5f92\u5c45\u6c11\u90a3\u6a23\u62cb\u68c4\u751f\u75c5\u7684\u89aa\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u9003\u96e2\u57ce\u5e02\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7559\u4e0b\u4f86\u7167\u9867\u75c5\u4eba\uff0c\u5e73\u975c\u5730\u9762\u5c0d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6b64\u5916 \uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u76f8\u4fe1\u8036\u7a4c\u662f \u201c\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u50d5\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u70ba\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u6a39\u7acb\u4e86\u5805\u5fcd\u4e0d\u62d4\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u699c\u6a23\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9451\u65bc\u4ed6\u904e\u8457\u5b8c\u5168\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ed6\u80fd\u5920\u540c\u60c5\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u6399\u624e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u53d7\u82e6\u53d7\u96e3\u7684\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b97\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6709\u5be6\u8b49\u652f\u6301\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u5230\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u52a0\u5f37\u81e8\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\uff08 \u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u88dc\u5145 \uff09\u3002\u5c0d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u65e8\u610f\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u770b\u6cd5\u8207\u81e3\u670d\u65bc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u800c\u81e3\u670d\u65bc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u65e8\u610f\u8207\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u64d4\u6182\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6295\u8aa0\uff0f\u964d\u670d\u8207\u64d4\u6182\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u662f\u7531\u5bb9\u5fcd\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8abf\u7bc0\u7684\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u767c\u73fe\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 17 \u4e16\u7d00\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u65e9\u7684\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u58eb\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7e3d\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u5fc5\u9808\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u81e8\u5e8a\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b78\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u7406\u89e3 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u58df\u65b7\u8005\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u8003\u616e\u5230\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u91cb\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u7919\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u672c\u8cea\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u5c0d DSM-5 \u7684\u6279\u8a55\u3002\u5118\u7ba1 DSM-5 \u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5de5\u5177\u78ba\u5be6\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u751f\u5229\u7528\u901a\u7528\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u7d44\u7e54\u75c7\u72c0\u548c\u898f\u5283\u5e6b\u52a9\u5ba2\u6236\u6cbb\u7652\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u8a31\u591a\u75be\u75c5\u5c1a\u672a\u50cf\u764c\u75c7\u7b49\u75be\u75c5\u4e00\u6a23\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u9a57\u8b49\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u662f\u9ad4\u5167\u7d30\u80de\u826f\u6027\u751f\u9577\u8207\u60e1\u6027\u751f\u9577\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u5206\u754c\u7dda \uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\u7406\u89e3\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e0d\u5982\u81e8\u5e8a\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b78\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9130\u5c45\u201d\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8207\u4e16\u4fd7\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u96b1\u55bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9130\u570b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u96b1\u55bb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f37\u8abf\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff08 \u5373\u6709\u795e\u8ad6 \uff09\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\uff08 \u5373\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\/\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9 \uff09\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u7684\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6574\u500b\u5730\u7406\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5728\u8a72\u7d50\u69cb\u5167\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u4e26\u5b58\u7684\u5169\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u4e16\u4fd7\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5f37\u8abf\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u8207\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u4f5c\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u5728\u898b\u4e16\u4fd7\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u751f\u6642\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u63a1\u53d6\u4e16\u4fd7\u89c0\u9ede \uff08 \u7406\u8ad6\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u50cf\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u3001\u767c\u5c55\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\u548c\u6cbb\u7652\u7684\u89c0\u9ede \uff09\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u9b25\u722d\u3002\u9019\u611f\u89ba\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u6536\u62fe\u884c\u674e\u642c\u5230\u9130\u570b\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5426\u8a8d\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u7fd2\u4fd7\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u5728\u5c0b\u6c42\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u670d\u52d9\u6642\u6703\u611f\u5230\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u5728\u75db\u82e6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6536\u62fe\u884c\u674e\u642c\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u4ee4\u4eba\u6050\u61fc\u548c\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u52a0\u5287\u672c\u5df2\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u4e0d\u5fc5\u771f\u6b63\u642c\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5167\u201d \u63a5\u53d7\u4f86\u81ea\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u670d\u52d9\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u597d\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u6587\u5316\u4f5c\u70ba\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\u548c\u7d42\u9ede \u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u3002\u7576\u8003\u616e\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u5275\u9020\u8005\u6642 \uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7e7c\u7e8c\u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u571f\u5730\u7684\u5275\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u5728\u767c\u5c55\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6069\u8cdc\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6240\u6709\u5efa\u7bc9\uff08 \u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u672c\u5730\u7684\u9084\u662f\u5916\u570b\u7684 \uff09\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6b23\u8cde\u4e26\u6b63\u78ba\u89e3\u91cb\u5176\u672c\u4f86\u9762\u76ee\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4e16\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u53d7\u7576\u5730\u7684\u7f8e\u98df\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u8b58\u5eda\u5e2b\uff0c\u800c\u5eda\u5e2b\u662f \u201c\u5404\u6a23\u7f8e\u597d\u3001\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6069\u8cdc\u201d \u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u6cbf\u8457\u4e00\u5ea7\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u6a4b\u6a11\u884c\u8d70\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b23\u8cde\u5230\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u8b58\u7d50\u69cb\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8207\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u7576\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u901a\u904e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002 \u901a\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u9130\u570b\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6771\u897f\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u627f\u8a8d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7f8e\u597d\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5275\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4ecd\u7136\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c07\u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u55bb\u61c9\u7528\u5230 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u4e16\u754c\u89c0 \u2014\u2014 \u6709\u795e\u8ad6\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u2014\u2014 \u5c31\u50cf\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u95dc\u6ce8\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e16\u4fd7\u570b\u5bb6\u5247\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9019\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5169\u570b\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u4e26\u85c9\u9451\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u9019\u5169\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u9130\u570b \uff0c \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u908a\u754c\u201d\uff08 \u9019\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u61c9\u5c0d\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5229\u76ca \uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u76f8\u4e92\u719f\u6089\u4e26\u9858\u610f\u76f8\u4e92\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u4fe1\u5949\u6e90\u81ea\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\uff08 \u5728\u90a3\u751f\u6d3b\u4e86\u6578\u5343\u5e74\uff09\uff1b \u5927\u7d04 2000 \u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u516c\u6c11\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7a4d\u6975\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4eba\u985e\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u64c1\u8b77\u6709\u795e\u8ad6\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u73fe\u5be6\u6d89\u53ca\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4f4d\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d \uff0c\u4ed6\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u5bc6\u5207\u4e92\u52d5\u3002\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u662f\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\u7248\u672c\uff08 \u5118\u7ba1\u54f2\u5b78\u7b49\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u751f\u6d3b\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5c45\u4f4f\u8005\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u4e00\u76f4\u5c0d\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u5584\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u7269\u8cea\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u5c0b\u627e\u7b54\u6848\u624d\u80fd\u6700\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u73fe\u5be6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5169\u570b\u5c0d\u65bc\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u6cbb\u6108\u6709\u8457\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u90fd\u7a4d\u6975\u52aa\u529b\u6e1b\u8f15\u82e6\u96e3\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u9130\u570b\u6642\u4e0d\u6642\u5730\u6703\u9677\u5165\u5730\u5340\u722d\u7aef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u908a\u754c\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\u548c\u7d42\u9ede\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ab0\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u78ba\u4fdd\u8a72\u5730\u7406\u5340\u57df\u5f97\u5230\u7167\u9867\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u5728\u5c0b\u6c42\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u5b58\u5730\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3002\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u958b\u59cb\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\uff0c\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\u5927\u7d04\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e00\u76f4\u8a66\u5716\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u65b0\u7684\u201d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b78\u6703\u6b23\u8cde\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c07\u5fc3\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u4ed4\u7d30\u5206\u89e3\u70ba\u53ef\u6e2c\u91cf\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u7d93\u5e38\u627e\u5230\u6709\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u64c1\u6709\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u85cd\u5716\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5169\u570b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u61c9\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u82e6\u96e3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u95e1\u660e\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\u95e1\u660e\u5c0d\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u66f4\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9451\u65bc\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6587\u737b\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\uff08 \u7279\u5225\u662f\u5f37\u8abf\u5728\u8207\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5ba2\u6236\u5408\u4f5c\u6642\u63a1\u7528\u7d14\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027 \uff09\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7dca\u8feb\u554f\u984c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206 \uff1f\u81e8\u5e8a\u754c\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u9032\u884c\u95dc\u65bc\u8b8a\u9769\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a72\u74b0\u5883\u5305\u542b\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u7406\u89e3\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e00\u76f4\u5fd9\u65bc\u6574\u5408\u5404\u7a2e\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08 \u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6574\u5408\u201d \u6587\u737b \uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5ba2\u6236\u5982\u4f55\u6cbb\u6108\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u85c9\u9451\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u9748\u6027\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u9748\u611f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\uff1a\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u6355\u7372\u6cbb\u7642\u5ba4\u5167\u7684\u6cbb\u6108\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5408\u4f75\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u6700\u597d\u5730\u6eff\u8db3\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5f9e\u672c\u66f8\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6574\u5408\u6587\u737b\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u7576\u524d\u7684\u66f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u9069\u7684\u555f\u767c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c07\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f5c\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u8207\u7576\u4ee3\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u79d1\u5b78\u76f8\u8abf\u548c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c0d\u56db\u7a2e\u81e8\u5e8a\u6574\u5408\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7c21\u8981\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63a2\u7d22\u56db\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fd\u5920\u901a\u904e\u5145\u5206\u64c1\u62b1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4f86\u6700\u597d\u5730\u6eff\u8db3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u904e\u501f\u9452\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6574\u5408\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d7\u76ca\u3002\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d7\u76ca\u65bc\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u770b\u6cd5\uff08 \u8d85\u8d8a\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u76ee\u6a19 \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d7\u76ca\u65bc\u7576\u4ee3\u7684\u50b3\u905e\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u8a72\u7cfb\u7d71\u6ce8\u5165\u6700\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6210\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6574\u5408\u2014\u2014\u56db\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c0\u9ede<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6574\u5408\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u4e3b\u5f35\u81f3\u5c11\u901a\u904e\u56db\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6574\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u7406\u8ad6\u6574\u5408\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5c07\u5404\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4f86\u81ea\u6210\u719f\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6280\u8853\u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6280\u8853\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u975e\u5e38\u52d9\u5be6\uff0c\u8f03\u5c11\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u6307\u5c0e\u6cbb\u7642\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u501f\u9452\u4e86\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5f37\u8abf\u5c07\u7406\u8ad6\u878d\u5165\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e09\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u89c0\u9ede\u8868\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u4eab\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u8de8\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8ad6\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5171\u4eab\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u986f\u8457\u7684\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5b83\u5011\u4f86\u81ea\u54ea\u7a2e\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u662f\u5f9e\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u958b\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8d77\u9ede\uff1b\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\uff0c\u4f86\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u88ab \u201c\u540c\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u5f88\u5c11\uff08 \u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8a71 \uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u5730\u5716\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u64da\u9700\u8981\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f37\u57fa\u790e\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u958b\u59cb\u6642\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u5f8c\u5169\u8005\u662f\u6700\u5408\u9069\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u6cd5\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6539\u9032\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u690d\u6839\u65bc\u7576\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\u3002\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u5fc3\u7406\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u3002\u5f9e\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u8cab\u7a7f\u65bc\u5404\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8457\u4f5c\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8056\u7d93 \uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u59cb\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u6839\u64da\u5171\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c07\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\uff08 empirically supported treatments\uff1aEST \uff09\uff08 \u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd \uff09\u5438\u6536\u5230\u770b\u5f85\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u654f\u611f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u5169\u500b \u2014\u2014 \u7406\u8ad6\u6574\u5408\u548c\u6280\u8853\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u2014\u2014 \u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e26\u4e0d\u7279\u5225\u654f\u611f\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u6574\u5408\u9700\u8981 \u201c\u7d9c\u5408\u201d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u6bd4\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u6210\u5206\u7642\u6cd5\u66f4\u597d\u201d \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c \uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4ee5\u67d0\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6539\u5584\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u76f8\u4fe1\u9019\u65e2\u662f\u8d77\u9ede\u4e5f\u662f\u7d42\u9ede\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u69cb\u5efa\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u6cbb\u7652\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6280\u8853\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u52aa\u529b\u5f9e\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u7d66\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u81ea\u7136\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u5168\u9762\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u63a1\u7528\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u7642\u6cd5\u4f86\u6cbb\u7642\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8207\u975e\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u5b97\u6559\u8996\u70ba\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u91dd\u5c0d\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u7368\u7279\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff08 \u81f3\u5c11 \uff09\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u9996\u8981\u539f\u56e0 \u2014\u2014 \u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5ba2\u6236\u5728 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u503c\u5f97\u5f97\u5230\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u7a31\u8077 \u3001\u6709\u6548\u548c\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5ba2\u6236\u8b77\u7406\uff0c\u9019\u9700\u8981\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u751f\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e3b\u83dc\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u7a2e\u8abf\u5473\u54c1\u6216\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u3001\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u9910\u76e4\u4e0a\u8f15\u8f15\u6492\u4e0a\u7684\u8abf\u5473\u6599\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u6e90\u81ea\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8056\u7d93\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e2d\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4eba\u7fa3\u76f8\u4f3c\uff08\u57fa\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u8d85\u904e\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6[Pew\uff0c2015]\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6709\u6642\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u670d\u52d9\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u4eba\u7fa3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u5145\u5206\u63a5\u53d7\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u89c0\u9ede\u6e90\u65bc\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u5927\u7db1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u56db\u500b\u652f\u67f1\u652f\u6490\u8457\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u7a69\u5b9a\u4e86\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u958b\u59cb\uff08 \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5c07\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e16\u4fd7\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d \uff09\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u570d\u7e5e\u9019\u56db\u500b\u652f\u67f1\u4f86\u7d44\u7e54\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\uff08a\uff09\u795e\u5b78\uff0c\uff08b\uff09\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\uff0c\uff08c\uff09\u8056\u7d93\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08d\uff09\u6551\u8d16\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f9e\u795e\u5b78\u4f5c\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e00\u652f\u67f1\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5275\u9020\u90fd\u6e90\u65bc\u64c1\u6709\u4e3b\u6b0a\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u59cb\u65bc\u5c0d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5805\u5b9a\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8207\u4ed6\u5275\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5bc6\u5207\u4e92\u52d5\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u5728\u63a1\u7528\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u6642\u901a\u904e\u5b83\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u73fe\u5be6\u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u8056\u7d93\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u8ad6\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u8457\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u6551\u8d16\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e14\u9019\u662f\u7368\u7279\u7684\uff0c\u8207\u4e16\u4fd7\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e00\u6839\u67f1\u5b50\u90fd\u652f\u6490\u8457\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e4b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u9023\u8cab\u6846\u67b6\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5011\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u5efa\u8b70\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u4e0d\u5fc5\u96e2\u958b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u4e16\u4fd7\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff1b \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7576\u5ba2\u6236\u5f9e\u81ea\u5df1\u5145\u6eff\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u6c72\u53d6\u529b\u91cf\u6642\uff0c\u6539\u9032\u624d\u80fd\u6700\u597d\u5730\u767c\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b \u201c\u767c\u73fe\u201d \u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u57fa\u672c\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u6578\u5343\u5e74\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u91cd\u8996\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u76f8\u4fe1\u7814\u7a76\u81e8\u5e8a\u6587\u737b\u662f\u88fd\u5b9a\u6709\u6548\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u652f\u67f1\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u61c9\u7528\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff08 \u7b2c 3\u30016\u30019 \u548c 12 \u7ae0 \uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u758a\uff08 \u5c31\u5171\u540c\u4e3b\u984c\u800c\u8a00 \uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b \u201c\u652f\u6301\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\u548c\u884c\u52d5\u201d \u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u6cbb\u7642\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u9032\u884c\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u9019\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8b77\u7406\uff1b\u6c89\u601d\u8207\u884c\u52d5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u7531\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3\u4e2d Mary \u548c Martha \u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6240\u9ad4\u73fe\uff1b\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u504f\u5411\u6027\u548c\u504f\u5411\u6027\u51a5\u60f3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027 \uff09\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u52a0\u5f37\u4e86\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5 \uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u500b\u6cbb\u7642\u652f\u67f1\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u548c\u4e7e\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u90fd\u901a\u904e\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5e6b\u52a9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\u7372\u5f97\u5f71\u97ff\u6240\u9700\u7684\u719f\u6089\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u56db\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff08 \u4f5c\u70ba\u56db\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 \u201c\u652f\u67f1\u201d\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u7ae0 \uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7e3d\u9ad4\u4e3b\u984c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff08a\uff09\u795e\u5b78\uff0c\uff08b\uff09\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u548c\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\uff0c\uff08c\uff09\u8056\u7d93\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08d\uff09\u6551\u8d16\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f9e\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u85c9\u9451\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7d50\u679c\u6587\u737b\uff08 \u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6\u65b9\u5411 \uff09\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6574\u5408\u6587\u737b\uff08 \u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00 \uff09\u4ee5\u53ca \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u548c \u201c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u201d \u6a21\u578b\uff08 \u5177\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6574\u672c\u66f8\u90fd\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u4e3b\u5f35\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a72\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08a\uff09\u5f97\u5230\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7d50\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08b\uff09\u8207\u666e\u904d\u6cbb\u7642\u5be6\u8e10\u4e4b\u9593\u91cd\u758a\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e00\u81f4\uff08 \u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71 \uff09\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u6e1b\u8f15\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u4f86\u81ea Michael J. Lambert\uff08 <em>Bergin and Garfield\u2019s Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change<\/em>\uff0c2013 \uff09\u4e26\u6309\u9806\u5e8f\u5c55\u958b\uff1a\uff08a\uff09\u652f\u6301\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cbb\u7642\u95dc\u4fc2 \uff09\uff0c\uff08b\uff09\u5b78\u7fd2\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b \uff09\uff0c (c) \u884c\u52d5\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u65b0\u884c\u70ba \uff09\u3002 \u8acb\u53c3\u95b1\u4e0b\u8868\u7684 \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u5728\u6709\u95dc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/telegra.ph\/file\/29b6e4210c2f7e0984475.png\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u56e0\u7d20<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96a8\u8457\u95dc\u65bc\u91dd\u5c0d\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u7368\u7279\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6587\u737b\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u5c08\u9580\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u6cbb\u7642\uff08 EST \uff09\u9084\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u50c5\u50c5\u501f\u9452 \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u6587\u737b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u4f7f\u7528 \u201c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u201d \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u660e\u986f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff08 \u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd \uff09\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u4e16\u4fd7\u7406\u8ad6\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u5012\u7f6e\u7684 \u201c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u201d \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4f5c\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u884c\u4e4b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6280\u8853\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u6cbb\u7642\uff08EST\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96a8\u8457\u95dc\u65bc\u91dd\u5c0d\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u7368\u7279\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6587\u737b\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u9084\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u5c08\u9580\u91dd\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u6cbb\u7642\uff08EST\uff09\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002 \u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u50c5\u50c5\u501f\u9452\u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d\u6587\u737b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u660e\u986f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\uff09\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u4e16\u4fd7\u7406\u8ad6\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u5012\u7f6e\u7684\u201c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u201d\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u53c3\u898b\u6469\u6839\uff0c2001\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4f5c\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u884c\u4e4b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6280\u8853\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u6cbb\u7642\uff08EST\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e16\u4fd7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u51a5\u60f3\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u6b63\u5ff5\u7d0d\u5165\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b78\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u51a5\u60f3\u9ad4\u9a57 \u201c\u8c50\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u7368\u7279\u6027\u201d \u7684\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u524a\u5f31\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3b\u5f35\u6539\u5584\u51a5\u60f3\u7df4\u7fd2\u8005\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2 \u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u8c50\u5bcc\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u500b\u66f4 \u201c\u5168\u9762\u3001\u9023\u8cab\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u51a5\u60f3\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u50b3\u7d71\u201d\uff08 p 228 \uff09\u3002\u50c5\u50c5\u5f9e\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u8996\u89d2\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c \u201c\u6dfb\u52a0\u201d \u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7834\u58de\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u9019\u4e00\u80a5\u6c83\u3001\u8ce6\u4e88\u751f\u547d\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u7684 \u201c\u8c50\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u7368\u7279\u6027\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8207\u5927\u7d04\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6559\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u52a0\u5165\u897f\u65b9\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684 \u201c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u201d \u52aa\u529b\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u9078\u64c7\u5f9e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d44\u7e54\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5c07\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5438\u6536\u5230\u6210\u719f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u7a2e\u6210\u719f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u6700\u8fd1\u5c07\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u9748\u6027\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u662f\u5584\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u5145\u5206\u8003\u616e\u5f9e\u4e16\u4fd7\u6a21\u5f0f\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c07\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u9748\u6027 \u201c\u6dfb\u52a0\u201d \u70ba\u4e8b\u5f8c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u201c\u7cbe\u795e\u6574\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642 spiritually integrated psychotherapy\u201d \u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u6574\u5408\u4e3b\u7fa9 integrationist\u201d \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u6355\u6349\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u56fa\u6709\u7684 \u201c\u8c50\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u7368\u7279\u6027 richness and uniqueness\u201d \u4f5c\u70ba\u7368\u7279\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5584\u610f\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u6709\u6642\u6700\u7d42 \u201c\u52a9\u9577\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7684 &#8216;\u5fc3\u9748\u6b96\u6c11&#8217;\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c&#8217;\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6&#8217;\u201d\uff08 p 228 \uff09\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u5f9e\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e8b\u5f8c\u6dfb\u52a0\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u7d0d\u5165 \u201c\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u201d \u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3b\u5f35\u91cd\u65b0\u5f37\u8abf\u975e\u897f\u65b9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\uff08 \u201c\u897f\u65b9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u201d \u662f \u6307\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u3001\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u4e0d\u901a\u904e\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u93e1\u982d\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\u4e16\u754c \uff09\u65e5\u76ca\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u7a2e\u660e\u986f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u800c\u4e16\u4fd7\u6a21\u578b\u5f80\u5f80\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u9700\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u8003\u616e\u3002\u901a\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u6b63\u5728\u70ba\u6cbb\u7642\u60a3\u6709\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u654f\u611f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u660e\u986f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8996\u89d2\u770b\u5f85\u5fc3\u7406\u9b25\u722d\u4f86\u52aa\u529b\u6e1b\u8f15\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u5f9e\u7279\u5b9a\u5b97\u6559\u6846\u67b6\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5617\u8a66\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u56db\u500b \u201c\u652f\u67f1\u201d \u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f9e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u958b\u59cb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5c0d\u8a72\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u501f\u9452\u4e86\u8056\u7d93\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6b63\u7d71\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u85c9\u9451\u7576\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u5c0d\u8a72\u4e3b\u984c\u9032\u884c\u7406\u200b\u200b\u8ad6\u548c\u5be6\u8b49\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u8a72\u4e3b\u984c\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u91dd\u5c0d\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u7368\u7279\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u5c07\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8207 \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u548c \u201c\u540c\u5316\u6574\u5408\u201d \u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56de\u5230 \u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9130\u5c45\u201d \u7684\u96b1\u55bb\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u90fd\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f9e\u901a\u904e\u56de\u9867\u57fa\u65bc\u8056\u7d93\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u539f\u7c4d\u570b\u548c\u65c5\u884c\u5230\u4e16\u4fd7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u95dc\u6ce8\u5b97\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u548c\u81e8\u5e8a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e90\u81ea\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f9d\u6200\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede \uff09\u3001\u9ad4\u9a57\u548c\u4ee5\u60c5\u611f\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a8d\u77e5\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u548c\u57fa\u65bc\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u884c\u70ba\u89c0\u9ede  \uff09\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u81e8\u5e8a\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u66f4\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6a21\u578b \u3002\u5728\u56db\u5927\u652f\u67f1\u548c\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9019\u4e9b\u7576\u4ee3\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u5be6\u8b49\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5c0d\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7368\u7279\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\u9ad4\u9a57\u6cbb\u6108\u3002\u5f9e\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u4e16\u4fd7\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u65c5\u884c\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u9700\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u571f\u5730\u7684\u5275\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4ee5\u654f\u611f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7262\u7262\u7d2e\u6839\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7956\u570b \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u65bc\u60c5\u7dd2\u969c\u7919\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9078\u64c7\u66f4\u72f9\u9698\u5730\u95dc\u6ce8\u6291\u9b31\u75c7\u548c\u7126\u616e\u75c7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a66\u5716\u91dd\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u57f9\u990a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5fc3\u7406\u7642\u6cd5\u3002\u8a72\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u6548\u679c\u898b\u4e0b\u5716 Figure\u3002 \u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u90fd\u4f86\u81ea\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u901a\u904e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8056\u7d93\u5411\u4eba\u985e\u555f\u793a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u56db\u500b \u201c \u652f\u67f1\u201d \u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\uff08EST\uff09\u548c \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u4ee5\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\uff08 \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a \uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fc3\u9032\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f9e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u57fa\u790e\uff08 \u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 \uff09\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7d50\u679c\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u5728\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u9a57\u8b49\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/telegra.ph\/file\/d47459c242c78d315c5b2.png\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Figure \u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u56db\u500b\u201c\u652f\u67f1\u201d\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d93\u9a57\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6280\u8853<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u6f14\u54e1\u9663\u5bb9\u201d\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6cbb\u7642\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u7684\u96b1\u55bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7d50\u675f\u672c\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u9858\u666f\u3002\u7576\u6709\u4eba\u9aa8\u6298\u6642\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u5305\u62ec\u4f69\u6234\u77f3\u818f\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u4f9d\u9760\u77f3\u818f\u4f86\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u8b77\u548c\u52a0\u56fa\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u8b93\u8eab\u9ad4\u81ea\u7136\u4fee\u5fa9\u65b7\u9aa8\u3002\u5728\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u77f3\u818f\u70ba\u7652\u5408\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5c55\u958b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u624b\u8853\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u78ba\u56fa\u5b9a\u9aa8\u6298\u8655\u4ee5\u4f7f\u9aa8\u9abc\u6b63\u78ba\u7652\u5408\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7652\u5408\u904e\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u4f9d\u9760\u8eab\u9ad4\u8207\u751f\u4ff1\u4f86\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u7652\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u6c72\u53d6\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u4ee5\u8207\u6f14\u54e1\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u53ca\u767c\u751f\u7a4d\u6975\u8b8a\u5316\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7d50\u679c\u6587\u737b\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f\u5ba2\u6236\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6399\u624e\u6642\u5b78\u7fd2\u548c\u6210\u9577\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u4e00\u8def\u8d70\u4f86\uff0c\u7576\u5ba2\u6236\u5be6\u8e10\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u771f\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\u806f\u76df\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\u5e73\u8861\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u66f8\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u7576\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u80fd\u5920\u904b\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u6709\u795e\u8ad6\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u6e1b\u8f15\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f9d\u9760\u8eab\u9ad4\u8207\u751f\u4ff1\u4f86\u7684\u6cbb\u6108\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u7684 \u201c\u5171\u540c\u56e0\u7d20\u201d \u4f5c\u70ba\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u6f14\u54e1\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9054\u5230\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5f71\u97ff\u8b8a\u9769\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u4fe1\u4efb\u3001\u652f\u6301\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u806f\u76df\uff0c\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u751f\u80fd\u5920\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u8b77\u6027\u5f37\u5316\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u904e\u7a0b\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u65b0\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u4e26\u63a1\u53d6\u7b26\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u4fe1\u4ef0\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u884c\u70ba\u4f86\u63a1\u53d6\u884c\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u53d7\u773e\u548c\u77e5\u60c5\u540c\u610f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7d50\u675f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u5169\u500b\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u662f\u70ba\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u8f14\u5c0e\u54e1\u548c\u6559\u7267\u8f14\u5c0e\u54e1\u800c\u5beb\u7684\u3002\u8a72\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u773e\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7d04\u5360\u7f8e\u570b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684 25%\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7d04\u5360\u7f8e\u570b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684 21%\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u6b21\u8981\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u9762\u5411\u81e8\u5e8a\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5e0c\u671b\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6709\u795e\u8ad6\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e2d\u904b\u4f5c\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u5b97\u6559\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u54ea\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5011\u90fd\u5efa\u8b70\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\uff08 \u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u9084\u662f\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92 \uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u77e5\u60c5\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5ba2\u6236\u5fb9\u5e95\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u548c\u6280\u8853\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u548c\u8aee\u8a62\u5e2b\u9075\u5b88\u5176\u5c08\u696d\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5247\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u6e96\u5247 \uff0c\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u5229\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7cbe\u795e\u5e72\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u6642\u67e5\u95b1\u6709\u95dc\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u81ea\u6211- \u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6c7a\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u95dc\u65bc\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78 psychopamology \u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002Allen E. Bergin ( \u201cReligiosity and Mental Health: A Critical Reevaluation and Meta-Analysis\u201d\uff0c1983 ) \u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u8588\u8403\u200b\u200b\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c23% \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u8ca0\u76f8\u95dc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c47% \u5831\u544a\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c30% \u5831\u544a\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u6839\u64da\u5c0d 200 \u591a\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u56de\u9867\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u56db\u500b\u8da8\u52e2\uff1a (a) \u5927\u591a\u6578\u5c07\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba \u201c\u8edf\u8b8a\u91cf soft variables\u201d \u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u5373\u7d19\u7b46\u4eba\u683c\u8a66\u5716\u6e2c\u91cf\u7406\u8ad6\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002 \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5c07\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u7a4d\u6975\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u662f\u95dc\u65bc \u201c\u786c\u8b8a\u91cf hard variables\u201d\uff0c\u5373 \u201c\u73fe\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b real life\u201d \u7684\u884c\u70ba\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u884c\u70ba\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u89c0\u5bdf\u548c\u6e2c\u91cf\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u3002 (b) \u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6700\u5e38\u8207\u885d\u52d5\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u8db3\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u800c\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6700\u5e38\u8207\u904e\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u95dc\u3002 (c) &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/09\/10\/christian-psychotherapy-in-context-theoretical-and-empirical-explorations-in-faith-based-mental-health\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2mm","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9074"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9074\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9075,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9074\/revisions\/9075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9074"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}