{"id":9094,"date":"2023-09-30T09:53:57","date_gmt":"2023-09-30T09:53:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9094"},"modified":"2023-09-30T09:54:03","modified_gmt":"2023-09-30T09:54:03","slug":"pretense-and-pathology-philosophical-fictionalism-and-its-applications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2023\/09\/30\/pretense-and-pathology-philosophical-fictionalism-and-its-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"Pretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u201c\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u91cf\u54f2\u5b78\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u98c4\u63da\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u65d7\u5e5f\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4eba\u5011\u8b9a\u8cde\u5c07\u5c0f\u8aaa\/\u865b\u69cb\u6982\u5ff5\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u54f2\u5b78\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u7406\u89e3 \u201c\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u9019\u4e00\u5206\u985e\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728 \u201cPretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6f84\u6e05\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6558\u8ff0\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u548c\u6096\u8ad6\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fc3\u9748\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8b0e\u984c\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e5f\u8a31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u95b1\u8b80\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u73fe\u4eca\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u771f\u7406\u8ad6\u7b49\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u5374\u503c\u5f97\u82b1\u6642\u9593\u53bb\u6d88\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u80cc\u666f\u53ca\u5927\u7db1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5982 \u201cPretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684 \uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u5b83\u9032\u884c\u5206\u985e\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7279\u5225\u6709\u8da3\u548c\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c31\u662f \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9 philosophical fictionalism\u201d\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u9032\u8def\u6d89\u53ca\u660e\u78ba\u61c9\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u865b\u69cb\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u8207\u865b\u69cb\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\u548c\u8ff7\u60d1\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u66f8\u4e2d\u89e3\u91cb\u4e26\u63d0\u5021\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u8207 \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9 comparative fictionalism\u201d \u9032\u884c\u5c0d\u6bd4\u3002\u5728\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8ad6\u5bb6\u90fd\u6703\u5728\u5979\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u8a34\u8af8\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4f46\u662f \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u5f15\u5165\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u985e\u6bd4\u5979\u200b\u200b\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u5f85\uff08 \u6216\u6253\u7b97\u5c0d\u5f85 \uff09\u5979\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u53c3\u8207\u8ad6\u5bb6\u7d93\u5e38\u901a\u904e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u542b\u6df7\u6307\u793a\u4f86\u8868\u660e\u9019\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c07\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u8996\u70ba \u201c\u4e00\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u201d\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u8a34\u6c42\u662f\u5979\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e4b\u5916\u7684;  \u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5efa\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u6307\u5357\u3002\u5118\u7ba1 \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u6587\u5b78\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u56f0\u64fe\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u7406\u7531\u4f86\u634d\u885b\u5c0d \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4e3b\u5f35 \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u800c\u975e \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u8f49\u5411\u89e3\u91cb\u66f4\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u524d\u8005\u7248\u672c \u7684\u7406\u64da\u3002\u70ba\u6b64\uff0c\u5c07 \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u7684\u66f4\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u524d\u7db4\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f62\u5f0f \u2014\u2014 David Lewis\uff08 \u201cTruth in fiction (1978 )<\/em>\u201d[ in \u201cPhilosophical Papers<\/a>, Vol. I <\/em>\u201d\uff0c1983\uff0cp 261 ]\uff09\u548c Gideon Rosen\uff08\u201cModal Fictionalism<\/em>\u201d\uff0c1990\uff09\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u90a3\u7a2e\u89e3\u91cb \u2014\u2014 \u8207 \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u7684\u5047\u88dd\u7248\u672c\u5340\u5206\u958b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u56f0\u64fe\u524d\u7db4\u865b\u69cb\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u9019\u985e\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5728\u5176\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411 semantic redirection \u65b9\u9762\u53d7\u5230\u9ad8\u5ea6\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6839\u64da\u6545\u4e8b\u524d\u7db4\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4f86\u8868\u660e\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7406\u8ad6\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08 Error-Theoretic Fictionalism \u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31 \u201cETF\u201d \uff09\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u5c07\u932f\u8aa4\u7406\u8ad6\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u6b63\u5728\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u3002\u5c07 \u201cETF\u201d \u8aaa\u6cd5\u985e\u5225\u8207\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5047\u88dd\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08 Pretence-Involving Fictionalism \u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31 \u201cPIF\u201d \uff09\u9032\u884c\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u56f0\u64fe\u524d\u4e00\u985e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u9019\u9593\u63a5\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u975e\u932f\u8aa4\u7406\u8ad6 \u201c PIF\u201d \u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5f8c\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u4f7f\u7528\u6d89\u53ca\u8a9e\u7fa9\u507d\u88dd\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08 semantic pretence-involving fictionalism \u7c21\u7a31 \u201cSPIF\u201d \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Fred Kroon\uff08 \u201cFictionalism and the Informativeness of Identity\uff0c2001<\/em>\u201d\uff0c\u201cDescriptivism, Pretense, and the Frege-Russell Problems\uff0c2004<\/em>\u201d\uff09\u958b\u767c\u7684\u90a3\u7a2e\u66ff\u4ee3\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u201cPIF\u201d\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u61c9\u7528 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u89e3\u91cb\u5047\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u8207\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u547d\u984c\uff08\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u771f\u7406\uff08\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u6307\u7a31\u548c\u8b02\u8a5e\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5167\u5bb9 \u2014\u2014 \u6eff\u610f\u5ea6\uff08\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u8207\u5dee\u7570\uff08\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u201cSPIF\u201d \u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u660e\u986f\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c07\u61c9\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u5047\u60f3\uff09\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u9060\u96e2\u5c0d\u8a71\u8a9e\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u89e3\u8b80\u3002\u7136\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u89e3\u8b80\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u503c\u5f97 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5728\u8a9e\u610f\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e0a\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u5be6\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u9060\u96e2\u9019\u7a2e\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u6240\u8a34\u8af8\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014 \u5047\u60f3 \u2014\u2014 \u5728\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u95dc\u9375\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u66f8\u4e2d\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u56b4\u8085\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u865b\u69cb\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u8aaa\u6cd5\u5438\u5f15\u4e86 Kendall Walton ( \u201cMimesis as make-believe, 1990<\/em><\/a>\u201d ) \u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u865b\u69cb\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5047\u88dd\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5047\u88dd\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMark Crimmins\uff0c\u201cHesperus and Phosphorus: Sense, Pretense, and Reference\uff0c1998<\/em>\u201d \u548c Stephen Yablo\uff0c\u201cThe Myth of the Seven\uff0c2005<\/em>\u201d \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5 \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u958b\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u6a19\u8a18\u4e86\u6709\u95dc\u9053\u5177\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\u5047\u88dd\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u900f\u904e\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u751f\u6210\u539f\u5247\u5f9e\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5047\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u6240\u958b\u767c\u7684\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u9053\u5177\u8996\u70ba\u67d0\u4e9b\u8a9e\u8a00\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u751f\u6210\u539f\u5247\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u689d\u4ef6\u898f\u5b9a\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u9053\u5177\/\u63aa\u8fad\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u6240\u986f\u793a\u7684\u507d\u88dd\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u9069\u7576\u6027\u8207\u865b\u69cb\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u7372\u5f97\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u8a71\u8a9e\u9593\u63a5\u8868\u9054\u7684\u56b4\u8085\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u6558\u8ff0\u80fd\u5920\u907f\u514d\u6210\u70ba\u932f\u8aa4\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8207\u524d\u7db4\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7d93\u904e\u5982\u6b64\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u4e8b\u7269\u5982\u4f55 \u201c\u6839\u64da\u865b\u69cb\u201d \u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8868\u9054\u56b4\u8085\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u9593\u63a5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u4e00\u822c\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u5c0d\u547d\u984c \u3001\u771f\u7406\u548c\u53c3\u8003\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u610f\u7fa9\u4f7f\u7528\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6307\u7a31\/\u771f\u5be6\u689d\u4ef6\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5b78\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3 \u2014\u2014 Wilfrid Sellars\uff08 \u201cMeaning as Functional Classification\uff0c1974<\/em>\u201d\uff0c\u201cNaturalism and Ontology<\/a>\uff0c1979<\/em>\u201d\uff09\u548c Robert Brandom\uff08 \u201cMaking it Explicit: Reasoning, Representing, and Discursive Commitment<\/a>\uff0c1994<\/em>\u201d\uff09\u958b\u767c\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5b78 Inferentialist Semantics\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u63a1\u7528 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u6558\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a71\u8a9e\u7247\u6bb5\u6240\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u8868\u9054\u89d2\u8272\u8207\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u7c21\u55ae\uff08 \u5118\u7ba1\u662f\u9593\u63a5 \uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8ac7\u8ad6\u5f71\u97ff\u8868\u9054\u542b\u7fa9\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u7406\u8ad6\u7279\u5fb5\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u8ac7\u8a71\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u6240\u8868\u9054\u7684\u56b4\u8085\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u9054\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u985e\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5426\u5206\u5225\u8207\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\u6216\u50c5\u8207\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5167\u5bb9\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u5047\u88dd \u2014 \u6d89\u53ca\u6b0a\u5229\u8981\u6c42\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u4f7f\u7528\/\u63d0\u53ca\u5340\u5225\u7684\u5d29\u6f70\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u767c\u8a00\u8005\u901a\u904e\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u76f8\u95dc\u7528\u9014\u4f86\u63d0\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u904e\u67d0\u7a2e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f86\u6307\u793a\u5b83\u5011\u3002\u9019\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u63d0\u51fa\u8907\u96dc\u4e14\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7684\u5143\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u63a1\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u8aaa\u8a71\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\u6a23\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u5373\u95dc\u65bc\u5c0d\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u5c6c\u6027\/\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8aaa\u8a71\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8003\u616e\u4e86\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u5011\u70ba\u652f\u6301\u547d\u984c\u5be6\u5728\u8ad6\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u62d2\u7d55\u9019\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u6fc0\u767c\u4e26\u5448\u73fe \u201cSPIF\u201d \u5c0d\u547d\u984c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8 \u201cthat\u201d \u5f9e\u53e5<\/a>\u7684\u660e\u986f\u6307\u7a31\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5206\u6790\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\u8a9e\u7247\u6bb5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8868\u660e\u63a8\u8ad6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5b78\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u9577\u81c2\u6982\u5ff5\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6298\u758a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\/\u63d0\u53ca\u5340\u5225\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5c07\u5176\u5c55\u793a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5c0d\u76f8\u95dc\u9577\u81c2\u6982\u5ff5\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u6240\u6307\u793a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff08\u6216\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u8a71\u8a9e\u6216\u8a8d\u77e5\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u201cX \u76f8\u4fe1\u8759\u8760\u662f\u9ce5\u985e\u201d \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u547d\u984c\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\u89e3\u6790\u70ba \u201cX \u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u662f\u201d \u8759\u8760\u662f\u9ce5\u985e\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3002\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u9084\u7e7c\u7e8c\u89e3\u91cb\u547d\u984c\u8ac7\u8a71\u5be6\u4f8b\u9593\u63a5\u8868\u9054\u7684\u56b4\u8085\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u547d\u984c\u8ac7\u8a71\u5be6\u4f8b\u7528\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u6307\u7a31\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u6216\u91cf\u8a5e\u4ee3\u66ff \u201cthat\u201d \u5f9e\u53e5\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u8ac7\u8a71\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u901a\u904e\u5047\u88dd\u8ac7\u8a71\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u6709\u547d\u984c\u6240\u767c\u63ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8868\u9054\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u547d\u984c\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6d89\u53ca\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528\u8b02\u8a5e\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u547d\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u54f2\u5b78\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u547d\u984c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5247\u6d89\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u771f\u503c\u8b02\u8a5e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9053\u5fb7\u7528\u8a9e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c0d\u547d\u984c\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u89e3\u91cb\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u5c0d\u547d\u984c\u771f\u7406\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u4e2d\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u8a71\u7684\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6<\/a>\uff08 \u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba T-\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6 T-deflationism<\/a>\uff09\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6839\u64da\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u5ee3\u7fa9\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba T-\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u8ac7\u8a71\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u64f4\u5c55\u4e86 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u5c0d\u771f\u8a71\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u6db5\u84cb\u7279\u5225\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u5be6\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5047\u5b9a\u95dc\u65bc\u547d\u984c\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u9805\u76ee\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8a71\u8a9e\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u72c0\u614b\uff09\u7684\u771f\u8a71\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5d4c\u5165\u614b\u5ea6\u6b78\u56e0\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u771f\u8a71\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u904a\u6232\u7684\u751f\u6210\u539f\u7406\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e86\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e00\u7a2e\u6e96\u7167\u61c9\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u9019\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528\/\u63d0\u53ca\u5340\u5225\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u5d29\u6f70\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86T-\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u8005\u6240\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u88cf\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u53ca\uff08 \u540d\u8a5e\u5316 \uff09\u4f86\u5f71\u97ff\u5c0d\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u878d\u5165\u81ea\u7136\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u66ff\u4ee3\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u7269\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86 T-\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u8005\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u66f8\u4e2d\u9084\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u5c0d\u771f\u8a71\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7a\u6cdb\u5316\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u8a72\u554f\u984c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u56f0\u64fe\u8457\u8a31\u591a T-\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u627f\u8afeT -\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u8005\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\u70ba\u6307\u7a31\u8ac7\u8a71\u548c\u8b02\u8a5e\u6eff\u610f\u5ea6\u8ac7\u8a71\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u4e9b\u8a71\u8a9e\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u8868\u9054\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u6838\u5fc3\u50b3\u7d71\u8a9e\u610f\u6982\u5ff5\u7d0d\u5165\u4fdd\u8b77\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f8\u4e2d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u201cSPIF\u201d \u5c0d\u771f\u503c\u3001\u6307\u7a31\u548c\u8b02\u8a5e\u6eff\u610f\u5ea6\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u984d\u5916\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u70ba\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u75c5\u4f8b\u63d0\u4f9b\u8a3a\u65b7\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\u3002\u9019\u5305\u62ec\u8aaa\u8b0a\u8005\u6096\u8ad6<\/a> Liar Paradox<\/a>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca Curry<\/a> \u6096\u8ad6<\/a>\u3001Yablo<\/a> \u6096\u8ad6<\/a>\u3001Grelling<\/a> \u6096\u8ad6<\/a>\u548c Berry<\/a> \u6096\u8ad6<\/a>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8aaa\u771f\u8a71\u8005\u6096\u8ad6<\/a> Truth-Teller<\/a> \u548c\u70ba\u5176\u9918\u9019\u4e9b\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6096\u8ad6\u6240\u8b58\u5225\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u985e\u4f3c\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u96d9\u75c7\u72c0\u8b8a\u9ad4 \u201c\u958b\u5c0d Open Pair\u201d ( p 184 )\u3002\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u50b3\u7d71\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7684\u5047\u5b9a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u500b\u539f\u5247\u6027\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8b49\u660e\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677\uff08 \u6709\u6642\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba s \u7f3a\u9677 \uff09( p 188 )\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u529f\u80fd\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5167\u5bb9\u641c\u7d22\u5faa\u74b0\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u66f8\u4e2d\u4e2d\u6240\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5faa\u74b0\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u8a9e\u610f\u63aa\u8a5e\u7684\u6e96\u7167\u61c9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7531\u652f\u914d\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u751f\u6210\u539f\u5247\u8ce6\u4e88\u5b83\u5011\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u9019\u4e9b\u8ac7\u8a71\u65b9\u5f0f\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u904a\u6232\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5faa\u74b0\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u570d\u5b8c\u5168\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u5011\u7d14\u7cb9\u5047\u88dd\u8072\u7a31\u5c0d\u904a\u6232\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u70ba\u524d\u63d0\u6216\u7d50\u8ad6\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u8ad6\u8b49\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5d4c\u5165\u771f\u503c\u529f\u80fd\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u4f7f\u6574\u500b s-\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u8072\u7a31\u8a9e\u7fa9\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u89e3\u9ad4\u5c0d\u56f0\u64fe\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0d\u8aaa\u8b0a\u8005\u6096\u8ad6\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u985e\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5831\u5fa9\u554f\u984c\u5177\u6709\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ae0\u7bc0\u91cd\u9ede<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Armour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u6240\u8457\u7684 \u201cPretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications<\/em>\u201d \u662f\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u9577\u671f\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e3b\u8981\u85c9\u9451\u4e86\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u524d\u767c\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7570\u8cea\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u62fc\u8cbc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u7d50\u69cb\u826f\u597d\u4e14\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e26\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u5fc3\u9748\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u96e3\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0 (Philosophical fictionalism) \u901a\u904e\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u548c\u5340\u5225\u70ba\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u790e\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u61c9\u8a72\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8207\u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u932f\u8aa4\u7406\u8ad6\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9 \u201cETF\u201d\u201d \u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff1a\u90a3\u4e9b\u56e0\u70ba\u6d89\u53ca\u5047\u88dd\u800c\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5b83\u5011\u5b8c\u5168\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u901a\u5e38\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff1a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e26\u4e0d\u7e3d\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u865b\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u542b\u7fa9\u8f49\u5411\u771f\u6b63\u542b\u7fa9\u3002 \u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u5011\u901a\u904e\u507d\u88dd\u50b3\u9054\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u6709\u6b0a\u627f\u8a8d\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u5e7e\u500b\u9577\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7d66\u51fa\u6b64\u985e\u54f2\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 ( Semantic pretense-involving fictionalism and existence-talk ) \u4e2d\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u634d\u885b\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684 \u201c\u5047\u88dd\u865b\u69cb Pretense Involving Fictionalism\u201d \u7248\u672c\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5be6\u7528\u6027\u7684\u3002\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u770b\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u751a\u9ebc\u3002\u6d89\u53ca\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u5047\u88dd\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u8a72\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u5176\u5be6\u7528\u7279\u5fb5\u4f86\u50b3\u9054\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u201c\u5b6b\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u5f9e\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u9023\u8cab\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u50b3\u9054\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u90fd\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6191\u85c9\u807d\u8005\u6240\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5f35\u529b\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5f35\u529b\uff08 \u201c\u5b6b\u609f\u7a7a\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6307\u7a31\u8868\u9054\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u660e\u9019\u500b\u540d\u5b57\u6307\u7684\u662f\u67d0\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5176\u9918\u90e8\u5206\u8aaa\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u662f\u5b6b\u609f\u7a7a \uff09\u544a\u8a34\u807d\u8005\uff0c\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u5047\u88dd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u5b6b\u609f\u7a7a\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u5b6b\u609f\u7a7a\uff0c\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u4e0d\u80fd\u6309\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88cf\uff0c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u53e5\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u548c\u807d\u8005\u8655\u7406\u5b83\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u52d9\u5be6\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u5169\u7a2e\u53cd\u5c0d\u610f\u898b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u53c3\u8207\u6295\u8a34 Engagement Complaint\u201d\uff0c\u7a31\u6f14\u8b1b\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u53c3\u8207\u4e00\u5834\u5047\u88dd\u904a\u6232\uff08 \u4ed6\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6545\u610f\u9032\u884c\u9019\u7a2e\u904a\u6232 \uff09\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a31\u70ba \u201c\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u6295\u8a34 Sophistication Complaint\u201d\uff0c\u7a31\u6f14\u8b1b\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u638c\u63e1\u6240\u50b3\u9054\u5167\u5bb9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u5c31\u5b6b\u609f\u7a7a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u5920\u5bdf\u89ba\u6f5b\u4f0f\u7684\u5f35\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7406\u89e3\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 (Semantic pretense-involving fictionalism and existence-talk) \u7684\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u65e8\u5728\u8868\u660e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5047\u88dd\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08 \u201cSPIF\u201d \uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u9019\u5169\u500b\u6311\u6230\u3002\u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u53cd\u5c0d\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u6703\u640d\u5bb3 \u201cSPIF\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba \u201cSPIF\u201d \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u767c\u8a00\u8005\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5b83\u4e0d\u6703\u5f37\u8feb\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u5c0d\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6709\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5c0d\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9673\u8ff0\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u5b58\u5728\u8ac7\u8a71\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u6d89\u53ca\u5047\u88dd\uff0c\u5b83\u6c92\u6709\u7121\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8868\u9054\u5f0f \u201c\u2026\u2026\u5b58\u5728\u201d \u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u8b02\u8a5e\u90a3\u6a23\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d\u5176\u9069\u7528\u6027\u689d\u4ef6\u9032\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u6790\uff08 \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u4e00\u5207\uff1b\u8a72\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u53cd\u64f4\u5c55 \uff09 \u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u6d89\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u5047\u88dd\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5047\u88dd\uff08a\uff09\u6bcf\u500b\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\uff08b\uff09\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8b02\u8a5e\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u898f\u5b9a\uff08c\uff09\u63a5\u6536\u865b\u69cb\u8b02\u8a5e\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u5177\u6709\u7576\u4e14\u50c5\u7576\u8207\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u6642\u624d\u6b78\u56e0\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u8ac7\u8a71\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u8868\u9054\u5143\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u500b\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u9054\u662f\u5426\u8207\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0 ( Propositional realism and a SPIF account of proposition-talk) \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u5148\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8af8\u5982\u547d\u984c\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u65e2\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u53c8\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u5728\u56b4\u91cd\u554f\u984c\u7684\u3002\u547d\u984c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5f9e\u73fe\u5be6\u89d2\u5ea6\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u9762\u81e8\u8457\u5169\u500b\u6311\u6230\uff1a\u975e\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u554f\u984c\u548c\u53ef\u53ca\u6027\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u547d\u984c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6709\u592a\u591a\u660e\u986f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e14\u540c\u6a23\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u5019\u9078\u8005\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u984c\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\uff1a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b50\u5be6\u9ad4\u7d44\u6210\u5b83\u5011\uff1f\u4ed6\u5011\u8655\u65bc\u751a\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u6709\u592a\u591a\u540c\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u547d\u984c\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u8a8d\u77e5\u9014\u5f91\uff1f\u7531\u65bc\u77e5\u8b58\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9700\u8981\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e3b\u9ad4\u8207\u5df2\u77e5\u4e8b\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9019\u7a2e\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a2a\u554f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5f37\u8abf\u9019\u5169\u500b\u6311\u6230\u8207 Benacerraf<\/a> \u5c0d\u6578\u5b78\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/a> mathematical Platonism<\/a> \u7684\u6311\u6230\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u985e\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u8b49\u660e \u201cSPIF\u201d \u5c0d\u547d\u984c\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u80fd\u5920\u56de\u7b54\u9019\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6d88\u9664\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/a> Eliminativism<\/a> \u548c\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u4e3b\u7fa9 Platonism \u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6982\u62ec\u547d\u984c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u53d6\u6d88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6703\u56b4\u91cd\u9650\u5236\u5176\u8868\u9054\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u547d\u984c\u7b49\u62bd\u8c61\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u7121\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76f8\u7576\u9055\u53cd\u76f4\u89ba\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u547d\u984c\u8ac7\u8a71\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u904a\u6232\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u65e2\u80fd\u5920\u634d\u885b\u5b83\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u5920\u907f\u514d\u5c0d\u91cd\u91cf\u7d1a\u62bd\u8c61\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u627f\u8afe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 (T-deflationism and a SPIF account of truth-talk) \u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u771f\u7406\u7684\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u3002\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\uff08i\uff09\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 \u201c\u771f\u5be6\u201d \u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff1b (ii) \u201c\u771f\u5be6\u201d \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7121\u6cd5\u7528\u66f4\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff1b (iii) \u8868\u8ff0 \u201c\u771f\u201d \u548c \u201c\u5047\u201d \u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a9e\u7fa9\u8840\u7d71\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff1b (iv) T \u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4f5c\u8005\u76f8\u4fe1\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u8d0a\u6210\u5b83\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff1a\u771f\u7406\u7dca\u7e2e\u8ad6<\/a>\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u771f\u7406\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5f88\u5de7\u5999\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6700\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff0cYablo \u652f\u6301\u95dc\u65bc\u6578\u5b57\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8457\u540d\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u771f\u76f8\u8ac7\u8a71\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u6578\u5b57\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u771f\u76f8\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4e5f\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u9019\u5169\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u985e\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c Yablo \u95dc\u65bc\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u8ac7\u8ad6\u7684\u597d\u50cf\u5b58\u5728\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a00\u8a9e\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u95dc\u5fc3\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0 (Diagnosing and treating the Liar Paradox and other apparent alethic pathologies) \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6240\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u65e2\u5f37\u5927\u53c8\u5371\u96aa\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5927\u591a\u6578\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u8aaa\u8b0a\u8005\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u4f3c\u8aaa\u8b0a\u8005\u7684\u6096\u8ad6\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u7279\u5fb5\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u75c5\u614b\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u96e2\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u6b63\u7d71\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u75c5\u614b\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u8aaa\u8b0a\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf \u201c\u6211\u73fe\u5728\u5728\u9019\u88cf\u201d \u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u6a23\uff08 \u8b80\u8005\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u7279\u9ede \uff09\u3002 \u501f\u52a9 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u7a2e\u8868\u5fb5\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u6700\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u9084\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u5982\u4f55\u514d\u53d7 \u201c\u8aaa\u8b0a\u8005\u7684\u8907\u4ec7<\/a> Liar\u2019s Revenge<\/a>\u201d \u69cb\u6210\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0 ( SPIF accounts of reference-talk and predicate-satisfaction-talk and apparent non-alethic semantic pathology) \u5c07 \u201cSPIF\u201d \u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6307\u7a31\u8ac7\u8a71\u548c\u8b02\u8a5e\u6eff\u8db3\u8ac7\u8a71\u3002\u53c3\u8003\u8ac7\u8a71\u5c0d\u65bc\u6982\u62ec\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5ba2\u89c0\u91cf\u5316\u7121\u6548\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u9075\u5faa\u8207\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u5e7e\u4e4e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u8072\u7a31\u5982\u679c Yablo \u652f\u6301\u6578\u8ad6\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u652f\u6301\u5f15\u7528\u8ac7\u8a71\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u5047\u88dd\u6d89\u53ca\u9019\u4e00\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u985e\u4f3c\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e5f\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u904a\u6232\u3002 \u7576\u8ac7\u5230\u8b02\u8a5e\u6eff\u610f\u5ea6\u8ac7\u8a71\u6642\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u66f4\u52a0\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f88\u96e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u9019\u7a2e\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u8868\u9054\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50 \u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u6211\u5011\u6709\u6642\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u8af8\u5982 \u201c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u6eff\u8db3 Bob \u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7e3d\u7d71\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u201d \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u4f5c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88cf\uff0c\u8b02\u8a5e\u6eff\u610f\u5ea6\u8ac7\u8a71\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u904a\u6232\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u8af8\u5982\u8b02\u8a5e\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u548c\u8af8\u5982 \u201c\u6eff\u610f\u5ea6\u201d \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u7528\u6027\u9084\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u89e3\u6c7a\u8af8\u5982 Berry \u7684\u6307\u7a31\u6096\u8ad6\u548c\u8af8\u5982 Grelling \u7684\u8b02\u8a5e\u6eff\u8db3\u6096\u8ad6\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u518d\u6b21\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u53ef\u7591\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u9650\u5236\u8a9e\u8a00\u8868\u9054\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u6975\u7aef\u662f\u7b49\u8ddd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7ae0 ( Extensions and objections) \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u6848\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u5fa9\u6578\u8eab\u4efd\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u201cHesperus \u548c Phosphorus \u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5f37\u70c8\u8868\u660e\u6709\u5169\u4ef6\u4e8b\u6070\u597d\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u986f\u7136\u662f\u8352\u8b2c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f9e\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u672c\u80fd\u5730\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u53e5\u5b50\u4e0d\u61c9\u6309\u5176\u8868\u9762\u610f\u7fa9\u9032\u884c\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u8996\u70ba\u6d89\u53ca\u507d\u88dd\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88cf\uff0c\u5047\u88dd\u662f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a \uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e0d\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u5be6\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u5be6\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u904e\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4f7f\u7528\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u5c08\u6709\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53cd\u601d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Armour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u6240\u8457\u7684 \u201cPretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications<\/em>\u201d \u662f\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u9577\u671f\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u865b\u69cb\uff08\u6216\u8a31\u9084\u6709\u507d\u88dd\u7406\u8ad6 pretense theory<\/a>\uff09\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e3b\u8981\u85c9\u9451\u4e86\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u524d\u767c\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7570\u8cea\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u62fc\u8cbc\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u660e\u78ba\u9673\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f\u7d50\u69cb\u826f\u597d\u4e14\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e26\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u5fc3\u9748\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u96e3\u984c\u3002\u9451\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u5c0f\u8aaa\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7368\u7279\u800c\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u7957\u80fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u7406\u8ad6\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u6a19\u984c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8aa4\u5c0e\u6027\u3002Amour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u4e0d\u50c5\u5c0d\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7368\u5275\u6027\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c07\u5176\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u773e\u591a\u4e3b\u984c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u547d\u984c\u3001\u771f\u7406\u3001\u53c3\u8003\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u9673\u8ff0\u548c\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6096\u8ad6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u66f8\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\uff1a\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u69cb\u5efa\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3002 \u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8ad6\u9ede\u662f\uff1a\uff08i\uff09\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u6d89\u53ca\u8a71\u8a9e\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\uff08ii\uff09\u5982\u679c\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4f86\u81ea\u6240\u8ff0\u8a71\u8a9e\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\uff0c\uff08iii\uff09\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u201d \u9060\u96e2 \u201c\u76f8\u95dc\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u89e3\u8b80\u5c07\u627f\u4fdd\u751a\u9ebc\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08iv\uff09\u6b64\u985e\u5e33\u6236\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u865b\u69cb\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u9060\u96e2\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u89e3\u8b80\uff08 p 19\uff09\u3002 \u9451\u65bc\u9019\u56db\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u8ad6\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u985e\u578b\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u90fd\u5c6c\u65bcArmour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u5c0d \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0a\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff08 \u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\u4f86\u6307\u51fa\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u5dee\u7570 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7e7c\u627f\u81ea Kendall Walton \u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u5047\u88dd\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684 \u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u865b\u69cb\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u9593\u63a5\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4e16\u4fd7\u5167\u5bb9\u6216\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8868\u9054\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\u88ab\u7528\u4f86 \u201c\u5be6\u73fe\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u9060\u96e2\u76ee\u6a19\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u95b1\u8b80\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u201d\uff08p 44 \uff09\u3002\u9019\u88cf\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ac7\u8ad6\u7121\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u5fb5\u7684\u4e8b\u614b\u70ba\u85c9\u53e3\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e3b\u5f35\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u975e\u5b57\u9762\u8868\u9054\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\u9673\u8ff0\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u5fa9\u96dc\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\uff08 \u201cm-\u689d\u4ef6\u201d \u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u8a9e\u8a00\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u9593 \u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u5167\u5bb9 worldly-content\u201d \u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\uff09\u3002\u201c\u6d89\u53ca\u5047\u88dd Pretense-involving\u2019\u201d \u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u7247\u6bb5\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5f15\u7528\u865b\u69cb\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u70ba\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u9593\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a m \u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 ( p 49 )\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u932f\u8aa4\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f5c\u8005\u907f\u514d\u5c07 \u201c\u5de8\u5927\u932f\u8aa4 massive error\u201d \u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u4f7f\u7528\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\uff08\u6216\u5143\u8a71\u8a9e\uff09\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5f9e\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5c0d\u5c0f\u8aaa\/\u865b\u69cb\u5728\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u7d44\uff0c\u70ba\u865b\u69cb\u5be6\u9ad4\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u3001\u8ce6\u4e88\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c07\u63f4\u5f15\u547d\u984c\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u8996\u70ba\u7d14\u7cb9\u932f\u8aa4\u6216\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5728\u6574\u500b\u8868\u9054\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5047\u88dd\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0f\u8aaa\/\u865b\u69cb\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u4e3b\u5f35\uff08 \u5118\u7ba1\u662f\u9593\u63a5\u7684 \uff09\uff08 p 49 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5728\u8072\u7a31\u67d0\u4e9b\u8868\u9054\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\u9700\u8981\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6642\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9810\u8a2d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6 \u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6700\u521d\u901a\u904e\u5617\u8a66\u6027\u5730\u63a1\u53d6\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u53cd\u8868\u5fb5\u7acb\u5834\uff08 pp 44-46 \uff09\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8a8d\u53ef\u7336\u8c6b\u4e0d\u6c7a \u2014\u2014 \u8003\u616e\u5230\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u8868\u9054\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u91cb\u7121\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u9019\u4e9b\u8868\u9054\u7684\u610f\u601d \u2014\u2014 \u61c9\u8a72\u66ab\u505c\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u54f2\u5b78\u6f6e\u6d41\u8f49\u5411\u63a8\u8ad6\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08 \u7121\u8ad6\u89e3\u91cb\u5f97\u591a\u9ebc\u5ee3\u6cdb \uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6210\u6557\u5c31\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u5730\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u5176\u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5931\u6557\u90fd\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6210\u529f\u7121\u95dc\uff08 p 45 \uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u751f\u7684\u537b\u5f88\u96e3\u62fc\u6e4a\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6e90\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u5b57\u9762\u6216\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u5c0d\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u751a\u9ebc\u69cb\u6210\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u7d66\u5b9a\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\uff0c\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u8db3\u5920\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5118\u7ba1\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\uff09\u5283\u51fa\u89e3\u91cb\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8ad6\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u63a8\u7406\u9996\u5148\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u751a\u9ebc\u662f \u201c\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c face value\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a \u201c\u6070\u7576 felicitous\u201d \u6216 \u201c\u4e0d\u6070\u7576 infelicitous\u201d \u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u9060\u96e2\u8ac7\u8ad6\u53e5\u5b50\u7684 \u201c\u5b57\u9762 literal\u201d \u6216 \u201c\u56b4\u8085 serious\u201d \u95b1\u8b80\uff0c\u4f46\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u8f49\u63db\u6700\u521d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6f84\u6e05\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u5c0d\u5b57\u9762\u6216\u56b4\u8085\u7684\u8868\u9054\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u76f4\u89c0\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u7576\u6211\u5011\u7372\u5f97\u6b63\u78ba\u6216\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5145\u5be6\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u4e00\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u65b7\u8a00\u5c0d\u8a71\u8a9e\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u89e3\u8b80\uff08 \u5982\u679c\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b \uff09\u7684\u65b7\u8a00\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301 Armour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u5c0d\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4 \uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\u8868\u9762\u50f9\u503c\u89e3\u8b80\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u73a9\u904e\u5bb6\u5bb6\u904a\u6232\u7684\u660e\u78ba\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5047\u88dd\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff1a\u5b69\u5b50\u5011\u5728\u904e\u5bb6\u5bb6\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\u8868\u73fe\u5f97\u597d\u50cf\u6ce5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9921\u9905\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u767c\u5c55\u904a\u6232\u7684\u5404\u500b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\u4e16\u754c\u4ee3\u8868\u865b\u69cb\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff08\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\uff09\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u8aaa \u201c\u505a\u5169\u500b\u9921\u9905\u4e26\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u653e\u5165\u70e4\u7bb1\u201d \u662f\u5728\u5047\u88dd\u5728\u865b\u69cb\u548c\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\u52d5\u4f5c\u800c\u9032\u884c\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u8ac7\u8a71\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u53c3\u8207\u88fd\u4f5c\u9921\u9905\u7684\u904a\u6232\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u5fc5\u9808\u5f15\u7528\u9593\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u4e8b\u614b\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u70ba\u5e4c\u5b50\u9032\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8abf\u7528 \u201c\u9921\u9905\u88fd\u4f5c\u201d \u548c \u201c\u70e4\u7bb1\u201d \u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u812b\u96e2\u4e86\u5047\u88dd\uff08 \u4e26\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u76f8\u95dc\u7684 m \u689d\u4ef6 \uff09\uff0c\u5247\u5728\u819d\u84cb\u6df1\u7684\u6ce5\u6f3f\u4e2d\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a71\u96d6\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u592a\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u751a\u9ebc\u5047\u88dd\u865b\u69cb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u8072\u7a31 \u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u4eca\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u6709\u9f8d\u7684\u547c\u5438\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5f9e\u67d0\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5728\u9032\u884c\u865b\u69cb\uff08 \u5047\u8a2d\u9f8d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u9f8d\u7684\u547c\u5438\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6027 \uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6240\u65b7\u8a00\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7d66\u51fa\u9762\u503c\u8b80\u6578\u3002 Armour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u4e26\u4e0d\u5c07\u6b64\u985e\u8868\u9054\u8996\u70ba\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u904a\u6232\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u8868\u5fb5\u8f14\u52a9\u7684\u7fd2\u8a9e\uff0c\u4ee5\u64f4\u5c55\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8868\u9054\u80fd\u529b\uff08 p 42 \uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u4e0d\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8868\u9054\u80fd\u5920\u7c21\u5316\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u6b0a\u5229\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5728\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u7684\uff08 \u6c92\u6709\u9f8d \uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u53e5\u9700\u8981\u8a9e\u7fa9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5462\uff1f\u54ea\u4e9b\u689d\u4ef6\u662f\u9593\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u7684\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528 \u201c\u9f8d\u606f\u201d \u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u540c\u6642\u4fdd\u8b77\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u60c5\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c0d\u4e8b\u614b\u548c\u6d41\u884c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u611f\u5b98\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c07 m \u689d\u4ef6\u8207\u898f\u7bc4\u4e3b\u5f35\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff08 \u201c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u9f8d\u606f\u201d \uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u8003\u616e\u56e0\u7d20\u7d0d\u5165\u7d66\u5b9a\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Armour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u8209\u51fa \u201c\u9f8d\u4e4b\u547c\u5438\u201d \u7684\u7121\u5047\u88dd\u7528\u6cd5\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u62d2\u7d55\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u5167\u5728\u5047\u88dd\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5047\u88dd\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u8b80\u70ba\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u6b64\u985e\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u6b64\u985e\u8868\u9054\uff08 pp 52-55 \uff09\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u78ba\uff08 \u986f\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d \u201c\u9f8d\u7684\u547c\u5438\u201d \u9032\u884c\u5b57\u9762\u89e3\u8b80\u4f86\u4f7f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53e5\u5b50\u6b63\u78ba\u6216\u932f\u8aa4 \uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u610f\u898b\uff1a\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528 \u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u201d \u9019\u500b\u7fd2\u8a9e\u9593\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u7a2e\u4e8b\u614b\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\uff1f\u5c31\u7fd2\u8a9e\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u90fd\u88ab\u8feb\u5728\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u7fa9\u3001\u908a\u7de3\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u4e4b\u9593\u9032\u884c\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u4e26\u5047\u8a2d\u6240\u6709\u6b64\u985e\u8868\u9054\u7e3d\u662f\u5047\u88dd\u63d0\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u9593\u63a5\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8003\u616e\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u8b80\u8005\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u8a18\u4f4f\u5169\u9ede\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u672c\u66f8\u4e3b\u8981\u91dd\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u7d93\u719f\u6089\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4eba\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u8ad6\u9ede\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u548c\u4f8b\u5b50\uff08\u7d93\u5e38\u767c\u73fe\u5f80\u5f8c\u5e7e\u9801\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0d\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u7406\u89e3\u4f5c\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u53ca\u5176\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u7f6e\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5f8c\u4e00\u9ede\u96d6\u7136\u6975\u5176\u5fae\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u9ede\u4ee4\u4eba\u53ad\u7169\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7576\u793a\u4f8b\u50c5\u901a\u904e\u6578\u5b57\u5f15\u7528\u6642\u3002 \u8a66\u5716\u8a18\u4f4f \u201c\u50cf\uff084\uff09\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u201d \u5728\u5b83\u5011\u6700\u521d\u51fa\u73fe\u5f8c\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4e94\u5230\u516d\u500b\u9023\u7e8c\u7de8\u865f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff09\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u5e7e\u9801\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5c0d\u8010\u5fc3\u7684\u8003\u9a57\u3002\u4f46\u600e\u8aaa\u90fd\u597d \u201cPretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications<\/em>\u201d \u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7814\u7a76\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u610f\u7fa9\u6216\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5fc5\u8b80\u4e4b\u7269\u3002Armour-Garb \u548c Woodbridge \u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5177\u6709\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u201cPretense and Pathology<\/em>\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6df1\u5165\u800c\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u96e3\u984c\u3002 \u5b83\u6210\u529f\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f9e \u201cSPIF\u201d \u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8b0e\u984c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u90a3\u9ebc\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201c\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u91cf\u54f2\u5b78\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u98c4\u63da\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u65d7\u5e5f\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4eba\u5011\u8b9a\u8cde\u5c07\u5c0f\u8aaa\/\u865b\u69cb\u6982\u5ff5\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u54f2\u5b78\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u7406\u89e3 \u201c\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u9019\u4e00\u5206\u985e\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728 \u201cPretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications\u201d \u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6f84\u6e05\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6558\u8ff0\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u548c\u6096\u8ad6\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fc3\u9748\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8b0e\u984c\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e5f\u8a31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u95b1\u8b80\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u73fe\u4eca\u8a9e\u8a00\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u771f\u7406\u8ad6\u7b49\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u5374\u503c\u5f97\u82b1\u6642\u9593\u53bb\u6d88\u5316 \u80cc\u666f\u53ca\u5927\u7db1 \u6b63\u5982 \u201cPretense and Pathology: Philosophical Fictionalism and its Applications\u201d \u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684 \uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u5b83\u9032\u884c\u5206\u985e\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7279\u5225\u6709\u8da3\u548c\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c31\u662f \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9 philosophical fictionalism\u201d\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u9032\u8def\u6d89\u53ca\u660e\u78ba\u61c9\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u865b\u69cb\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u8207\u865b\u69cb\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\u548c\u8ff7\u60d1\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u66f8\u4e2d\u89e3\u91cb\u4e26\u63d0\u5021\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u8207 \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9 comparative fictionalism\u201d \u9032\u884c\u5c0d\u6bd4\u3002\u5728\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8ad6\u5bb6\u90fd\u6703\u5728\u5979\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u8a34\u8af8\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4f46\u662f \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u5f15\u5165\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u985e\u6bd4\u5979\u200b\u200b\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u5f85\uff08 \u6216\u6253\u7b97\u5c0d\u5f85 \uff09\u5979\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u53c3\u8207\u8ad6\u5bb6\u7d93\u5e38\u901a\u904e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u542b\u6df7\u6307\u793a\u4f86\u8868\u660e\u9019\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c07\u7406\u8ad6\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u8996\u70ba \u201c\u4e00\u7a2e\u865b\u69cb\u201d\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc \u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u865b\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u8a34\u6c42\u662f\u5979\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e4b\u5916\u7684;  … Continue reading 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