{"id":9198,"date":"2024-03-24T14:10:54","date_gmt":"2024-03-24T14:10:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9198"},"modified":"2024-03-24T14:10:57","modified_gmt":"2024-03-24T14:10:57","slug":"a-wolf-in-the-city-tyranny-and-the-tyrant-in-platos-republic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2024\/03\/24\/a-wolf-in-the-city-tyranny-and-the-tyrant-in-platos-republic\/","title":{"rendered":"A Wolf in the City: Tyranny and the Tyrant in Plato\u2019s Republic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Plato \u5168\u795e\u8cab\u6ce8\u65bc\u66b4\u653f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u65e2\u958b\u59cb\u53c8\u7d50\u675f\u4e86\u4ed6\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic<\/em>\u300b\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u5c0d\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b<\/em><\/a>Republic<\/em><\/a>\u300b\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6578\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u4f46 Cinzia Arruzza \u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u6574\u672c\u66f8\u4f86\u7814\u7a76 Plato\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic<\/em>\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u66b4\u653f\u548c\u66b4\u541b\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 \u201cA Wolf in the City: Tyranny and the Tyrant in Plato\u2019s Republic<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\uff0cArruzza \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cPlato \u5c0d\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u6279\u5224\u4ecb\u5165\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u6700\u5f8c\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u5371\u6a5f\u6839\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u9818\u8896\u8207\u6c11\u773e\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002Arruzza \u8868\u660e\uff0cPlato \u5c0d\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5c0dSyracusan<\/a> \u66b4\u653f\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u96b1\u6666\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5c0d\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u3002 \u5728\u89e3\u6790 Plato \u5c0d\u66b4\u541b\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6642\uff0cArruzza \u4e5f\u5c07\u5c0d\u5176\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u548c\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u8af8\u5982\u611b\u617e\u548c\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3001\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6216\u4e0d\u7d71\u4e00\u7b49\u5099\u53d7\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9748\u9b42\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u975e\u7406\u6027\u90e8\u5206\u8207\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

xxxxxxxxx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cinzia Arruzza \u4ee5\u5c0d\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic<\/em>\u300b\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u3002 \u5979\u540c\u610f Proclus \u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u65e2\u6d89\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u500b\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5169\u500b\uff08 p 2 \uff09\u3002 Arruzza \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u628a\u9019\u5169\u500b\u9762\u5411\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ed4\u7d30\u5340\u5206\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\uff0c\u5728\u5979\u7684\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arruzza \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201cPlato \u5c0d\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u6279\u5224\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u5be6\u969b\u66b4\u653f\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u90e8\u5206\u201d\uff08 p 7 \uff09\u3002 \u5979\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cPlato \u300c\u5c0d\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u8655\u7406\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6c11\u773e\u7d71\u6cbb\u300e\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u300f\u6ecb\u751f\u66b4\u653f\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u6c11\u4e3b\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u66b4\u653f\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u9019\u65e2\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u8150\u6557\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u88fd\u5ea6\u6a5f\u5236\u300d \uff08 p 253 \uff09\u3002 \u9019\u4e00\u65b7\u8a00\u4f7f\u5979\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8207\u8a66\u5716\u5c07 Plato \u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0d\u540c\uff08\u5979\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u958b\u982d\u8207\u9019\u4e9b\u89e3\u91cb\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u8ddd\u96e2\uff09\u3002 \u4f46\u9019\u4e0d\u4e5f\u662f\u5c0d\u73fe\u5be6\u66b4\u653f\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u6279\u5224\u55ce\uff1f \u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5171\u548c\u570b\u4e0d\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u66b4\u653f\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b83\u53c8\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6b0a\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5979\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c07\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u5c0d\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u63cf\u7e6a\u7f6e\u65bc\u5169\u500b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Plato \u6240\u56de\u61c9\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u6587\u672c<\/li>
  2. \u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4ed6\u5728\u6574\u500b\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u95dc\u65bc(1)\uff0c\u5979\u8a8d\u70ba Plato \u662f\u5728\u56de\u61c9\u5979\u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u5371\u6a5f\u201d \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u5834\u5371\u6a5f\u5305\u62ec\u5169\u6b21\u5be1\u982d\u9769\u547d\u3001\u5f37\u5927\u7684 \u201c\u4eba\u6c11\u9818\u8896\u201d \uff08\u717d\u52d5\u8005\uff09\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u5b78\u8a71\u8a9e\u4e2d\u8868\u9054\u4e86\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u5373\u96c5\u5178\u8ddd\u96e2\u88ab\u66b4\u541b\u5f81\u670d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6b65\u4e4b\u9059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u95dc\u65bc(2)\uff0c\u5979\u8a8d\u70ba Plato \u8ce6\u4e88\u66b4\u541b\u5728\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic<\/em>\u300b\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4e3b\u5c0e\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6b63\u5982\u5979\u6240\u8b80\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u5c0d\u8a71\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u54f2\u5b78\u7d71\u6cbb\u8207\u66b4\u653f\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u6bd4\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5979\u88dc\u5145\u8aaaPlato \u5c07\u66b4\u541b\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u58ae\u843d\u548c\u60b2\u6158\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u66b4\u653f\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u6240\u6709\u653f\u6b0a\u4e2d\u6700\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u683c\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u96c5\u5178\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002 \u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0cPlato \u662f\u5728\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u7684\u807d\u773e\uff1a\u4f60\u5011\u9019\u4e9b\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u559c\u6b61\u628a\u6c11\u4e3b\u8996\u70ba\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u5011\u932f\u4e86\u3002\u66b4\u653f\u6e90\u81ea\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u7d55\u5c0d\u6b0a\u529b\u8207\u4f60\u662f\u8ab0\u6216\u4f60\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u5927\u5340\u5225\u3002\u5c0d Arruzza \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u653f\u6cbb\u8a0a\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u672c\u66f8\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u9762\u5411 \u2014\u2014 \u5c07\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic<\/em>\u300b\u7f6e\u65bc\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u5c0d\u8a71\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u5805\u6301\u66b4\u541b\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d \u2014\u2014 \u4f54\u64da\u4e86\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u5f8c\u534a\u90e8\u8a73\u7d30\u4e14\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86 Plato \u66b4\u541b\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\uff1a\u4ed6\u7684\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u617e\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u7121\u6065\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u91ce\u883b\uff08\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u4ed6\u8207\u72fc\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u4f3c\uff09\u3002 Arruzza \u5728\u5b8c\u5584\u5979\u5c0d\u66b4\u541b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6642\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6839\u64da Plato \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u64c1\u6709\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u667a\u529b \u2014\u2014 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u793e\u6703\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002 \u4ed6\u662f \u201c\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u6211 \u2026 \u4e00\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u6975\u7aef\u8150\u6557\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u5929\u8ce6\u88ab\u626d\u66f2\u4e86\u201d \uff08 p 249 \uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0 ( Tyranny in Athens Aversion, Fascination, and Fear) \u4e2d\uff0cArruzza \u8a8d\u70ba\u6587\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u66b4\u8650\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\u3002 \u5979\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5c0d Plato \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u66b4\u653f\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u53cd\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u6700\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u5171\u548c\u570b\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u548c\u6709\u8da3\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 (Plato\u2019s Tyrant and the Crisis of Athenian Democracy ) \u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0 ( Tyrannical Democracy) \u7e7c\u7e8c\u4ee5\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u3002 Arruzza \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cPlato \u7528\u53cd\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u4f86\u986f\u793a\u66b4\u653f\u8207\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u5979\u5728\u7b2c 63 \u9801\u7e3d\u7d50\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201cPlato \u7684\u66b4\u541b\u662f\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5169\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u9762\u5411\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u88fd\u5ea6\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u540d\u7fa9\u8ce6\u4e88\u4eba\u6c11\u53ca\u5176\u610f\u898b\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5a01\u3002 \u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u653f\u6cbb\u9818\u8896\u5c48\u5f9e\u65bc\u6c11\u4e3b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u878d\u5165\u6c11\u4e3b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u7fa4\u773e\u767c\u63ee\u6559\u80b2\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0cPlato \u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u7cbe\u795e\u5305\u62ec\u8caa\u617e\u548c\u4eab\u6a02\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u3002\u201d ( p 63 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0cArruzza \u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u767c\u8a00\u4eba\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Critias \u6216\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684 Alcibiades\u3002 \u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u3002Arruzza \u5728\u7b2c 105-108 \u9801\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86 pleonexia\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5979\u5c0d\u8caa\u5a6a\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a72\u7ae0\u6d89\u53ca\u66b4\u541b\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u3002 \u5c0d\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u95dc\u65bc\u6b63\u7fa9\u8207\u975e\u6b63\u7fa9\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u767c\u63ee\u77ad\u5982\u6b64\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u5f8c\u7e8c\u66f8\u4e2d\u5f8c\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c0d pleonexia \u7684\u8f03\u9577\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c07\u4f7f\u4f5c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u95e1\u660e pleonexia \u7684\u793e\u6703\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u7b2c4-6\u7ae0\uff09\u5247\u805a\u7126\u5728\u66b4\u541b\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u8a73\u7d30\u4e14\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86 Plato \u66b4\u541b\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\uff1a\u4ed6\u7684\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u617e\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u7121\u6065\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u91ce\u883b\uff08\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u4ed6\u8207\u72fc\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u4f3c\uff09\u3002 Arruzza \u5256\u6790\u4e86\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e26\u4ed4\u7d30\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u66b4\u541b\u6027\u683c\u53ca\u5176\u884c\u70ba\u5f62\u6210\u4e2d\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002 \u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 (The Tyranny of Eros and the Tyrannical Man\u2019s Appetites) \u5c08\u9580\u8a0e\u8ad6\u66b4\u541b\u7684\u617e\u671b\u548c\u611b\u6b32\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0 (The Lion and the Wolf The Tyrant\u2019s Spirit) \u662f\u5c0d\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0 (Clever Villains The Tyrant\u2019s Reason) \u5247\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u66b4\u541b\u7406\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u626d\u66f2\u3002 \u6574\u500b\u5f8c\u534a\u90e8\u90fd\u662f\u5c0d Plato \u6587\u672c\u7684\u4ed4\u7d30\u800c\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u6709\u5169\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u9ede\uff1a\u5979\u5c0d\u66b4\u541b\u7684\u611b\u617e\u548c\u617e\u671b\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7b2c 174-183\u9801\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u6028\u6068\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f Plato \u5728\u5be1\u982d\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e2d\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\uff08 553a-b\uff09\u7136\u5f8c\u662f\u66b4\u541b\uff08572d-573a\uff09\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5979\u8072\u7a31\u5171\u548c\u570b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u9593\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u591a\u806f\u7e6b\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f Arruzza \u8072\u7a31\u300cSocrates \u5728\u9019\u6b21\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u8150\u6557\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6839\u6e90\u662f\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u300d\uff08 p 248 \uff09\u3002 \u9019\u7576\u7136\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\uff0c\u5c0d\u8150\u6557\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u7d71\u4e00\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5c07 Plato \u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u8207\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u300cBonapartism \u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u73fe\u8c61\u300d\u2014\u2014\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u51e1\u9b45\u529b\u548c\u717d\u52d5\u6027\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u64cd\u7e31\u516c\u773e\u7684\u53cd\u7cbe\u82f1\u60c5\u7dd2\u3002 \u5979\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c Plato \u7684\u300c\u66b4\u541b\u9818\u8896\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u300d\u662f\u300c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u7576\u4ee3\u66b4\u541b\u7684\u5fe0\u5be6\u5fc3\u7406\u8096\u50cf\u300d\uff08 p 253 \uff09\u5c24\u5176\u503c\u5f97\u4ee4\u4eba\u56de\u5473\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u200b\u200b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u653f\u9ad4\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a98\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc Plato \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83\u8207\u6700\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u653f\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u4e26\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u58de\u4e8b\u6e05\u55ae\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u88ab\u6e05\u55ae\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bd4\u6700\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u597d\u5f97\u591a\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u5728\u95b1\u8b80\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u7b2c\u516b\u5377\u548c\u7b2c\u4e5d\u5377\u6642\u554f\uff0c\u201c\u5c31\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u798f\u7949\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5fc5\u9808\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u6216\u66b4\u653f\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff1f\u201d Plato \u6703\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u61c9\u662f\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u3002 \u4ed6\u7121\u610f\u6311\u6230\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u666e\u904d\u89c0\u5ff5\uff1a\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u5c0d\u5f85\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u66b4\u541b\u5c0d\u5f85\u81e3\u6c11\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u597d\u5f97\u591a\u3002 \u4ed6\u5c0d\u66b4\u541b\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c11\u4e3b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e26\u4e0d\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u9078\u64c7 \u3002 \u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u6240\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u548c\u66b4\u653f\u6240\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6771\u897f\u4f7f\u5f8c\u8005\u6bd4\u524d\u8005\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\uff1a\u4eba\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u5728\u66b4\u653f\u4e2d\u8981\u56b4\u91cd\u5f97\u591a\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u5e0c\u7279\u62c9\u5229\u7528 \u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9078\u8209\u201d \u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u7368\u683d\u7d71\u6cbb\uff0c\u73fe\u90a3\u908a\u5ec2\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9078\u5c07\u81f3\uff0c\u800c\u6771\u65b9\u4fc4\u570b\u4e5f\u4ee5\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e4b\u540d\u8209\u884c\u4e86 \u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9078\u8209\u201d\uff1b \u6709\u4e9b\u5730\u57df\u884c\u5a01\u6b0a\uff0f\u7368\u683d\u4e4b\u5be6\u4e0b\u4e5f\u628a\u5f04\u8457\u6c11\u4e3b\u65d7\u865f\u3002 \u4e5f\u8a31\u901a\u904e Cinzia Arruzza \u7684 \u201cA Wolf in the City: Tyranny and the Tyrant in Plato\u2019s Republic<\/em>\u201d \u5c0d\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u7684\u89e3\u8b80 \u3002 \u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5b83\u5c0d\u66b4\u541b\u5fc3\u7406\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u5206\u6790\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u6700\u5168\u9762\u3001\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8655\u7406\u3002 \u5b83\u5c07 Plato \u7684\u8096\u50cf\u7f6e\u65bc\u5176\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u540c\u6a23\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u4e14\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u3002 \u9019\u662f Plato \u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u3002\u5b83\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u8033\u76ee\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u65b0\u89d2\u5ea6\u89e3\u8b80 Plato \u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u554f\u984c\u548c\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Plato \u5168\u795e\u8cab\u6ce8\u65bc\u66b4\u653f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u65e2\u958b\u59cb\u53c8\u7d50\u675f\u4e86\u4ed6\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u5c0d\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570bRepublic\u300b\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6578\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u4f46 Cinzia Arruzza \u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u6574\u672c\u66f8\u4f86\u7814\u7a76 Plato\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u66b4\u653f\u548c\u66b4\u541b\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u4eba\u3002 \u5728 \u201cA Wolf in the City: Tyranny and the Tyrant in Plato\u2019s Republic\u201d \u4e2d\uff0cArruzza \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cPlato \u5c0d\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u6279\u5224\u4ecb\u5165\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u6700\u5f8c\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u5371\u6a5f\u6839\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u9818\u8896\u8207\u6c11\u773e\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002Arruzza \u8868\u660e\uff0cPlato \u5c0d\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5c0dSyracusan \u66b4\u653f\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u96b1\u6666\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5c0d\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u3002 \u5728\u89e3\u6790 Plato \u5c0d\u66b4\u541b\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6642\uff0cArruzza \u4e5f\u5c07\u5c0d\u5176\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u548c\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u8af8\u5982\u611b\u617e\u548c\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3001\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6216\u4e0d\u7d71\u4e00\u7b49\u5099\u53d7\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9748\u9b42\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u975e\u7406\u6027\u90e8\u5206\u8207\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 xxxxxxxxx Cinzia Arruzza \u4ee5\u5c0d\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u570b Republic\u300b\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u3002 \u5979\u540c\u610f Proclus \u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u65e2\u6d89\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u500b\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5169\u500b\uff08 p … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2om","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9198"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9199,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9198\/revisions\/9199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}