{"id":9268,"date":"2024-06-28T00:31:21","date_gmt":"2024-06-28T00:31:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9268"},"modified":"2024-07-08T00:54:37","modified_gmt":"2024-07-08T00:54:37","slug":"the-normativity-of-nature-essays-on-kants-critique-of-judgement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2024\/06\/28\/the-normativity-of-nature-essays-on-kants-critique-of-judgement\/","title":{"rendered":"The Normativity of Nature: Essays on Kant\u2019s Critique of Judgement"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5927\u591a\u6578\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba Kant \u7684 \u201cCritique of the Power of Judgement (Critique of Judgment)\uff0cCJ\u201d \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u5c0d\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cHannah Ginsborg \u8a8d\u70ba \u201cCJ\u201d \u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u9019\u88f9\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u5341\u56db\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8a08\u5283\uff1a\u63d0\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u6279\u5224\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e26\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u5c0d Kant \u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u89c0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9019\u88f9\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u5224\u65b7\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u627f\u8a8d\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5728\u898f\u7bc4\u4e0a\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u5f15\u8d77\u9019\u4e9b\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u900f\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u5920\u50cf\u52d5\u7269\u4e00\u6a23\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u505a\u51fa\u6709\u5340\u5225\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u7f6e\u65bc\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u505a\u51fa\u6b63\u78ba\u6216\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9019\u7a2e\u89e3\u8b80 \uff0c \u201cCJ\u201d \u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u898f\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u7136\u672c\u8eab \u2500\u2500 \u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u6211\u5011\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u81ea\u7136 \u2500\u2500 \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u898f\u7bc4\u8853\u8a9e\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u672c\u66f8 \u201cThe Normativity of Nature: Essays on Kant\u2019s Critique of Judgement\u201d \u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u95b1\u8b80\uff0c\u4e26\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a Kant \u7f8e\u5b78\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u6027\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u8207\u7576\u4ee3\u95dc\u65bc\u6982\u5ff5\u7372\u53d6\u3001\u611f\u77e5\u5167\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u898f\u5247\u9075\u5faa\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

xxxxxxxxxx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kant \u7684 \u201cCritique of the Power of Judgement (Critique of Judgment)\uff0cCJ\u201d \u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e00\u76f4\u662f Kant \u5b78\u8005\u89e3\u91cb\u6027\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002Kant \u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u6279\u5224\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u7f8e\u5b78\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u5074\u91cd\u65bc\u76ee\u7684\u8ad6\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u7d66 Kant \u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u96e3\u984c\uff1a\u5373\u5982\u4f55\u8abf\u548c\u9019\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u54ea\u88cf\u627e\u5230\u6574\u500b\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u7d71\u4e00\u6027\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u770b\u4f3c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7d71\u4e00\u6027\u5e38\u5e38\u5c0e\u81f4 Kant \u5b78\u8005\u6709\u9078\u64c7\u5730\u53c3\u8207\u7b2c\u4e09\u6279\u5224\u3002Kant \u7684\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c Kant \u5c0d\u76ee\u7684\u8ad6\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u7d93\u5e38\u5f15\u8d77\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6578\u4f8b\u5916\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hannah Ginsborg \u5c31\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u88cf\uff0cGinsborg \u5c0d Kant \u7684 \u201cCJ\u201d \u9032\u884c\u4e86\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u5728\u5c0d Kant \u7684\u8a08\u5283\u9032\u884c\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u89e3\u8b80\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c07\u7f8e\u5b78\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u8ad6\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8 \u201cThe Normativity of Nature: Essays on Kant\u2019s Critique of Judgement\u201d \u6536\u96c6\u4e86 Ginsborg \u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u5167\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u5341\u56db\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7f8e\u5b78 Aesthetics\uff08\u4e94\u7bc7\uff09\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u8a8d\u77e5 Cognition\uff08\u56db\u7bc7\uff09 \u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u76ee\u7684\u8ad6Teleology\uff08\u4e94\u7bc7\uff09 \u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u770b\u770b Ginsborg \u89e3\u91cb\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u5169\u500b\u7a81\u51fa\u4e14\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u9762\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e94\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u56f0\u64fe Kant \u7f8e\u5b78\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u56f0\u5883\uff1a\u5373\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7f8e\u5b78\u5224\u65b7\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd \u201c\u8981\u6c42\u666e\u904d\u540c\u610f claim to universal assent\u201d ( p 146 )\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u662f\u4e3b\u89c0\u7684\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u7f8e\u5b78\u5224\u65b7\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u4e3b\u89c0\u7684\u6109\u6085\u611f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u505a\u51fa\u5224\u65b7\u6642\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6109\u6085\u611f\uff1a\u201c\u9ec4\u660f\u7684\u65e5\u843d\u666f\u8272\u5f88\u7f8e\u201d \uff09\u3002Hannah Ginsborg \u8003\u616e\u4e26\u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8207\u6b64\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8457\u540d\u89c0\u9ede\uff08\u5f9e Karl Ameriks \u5230 Paul Guyer \u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u89c0\u9ede\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u6838\u5fc3\u56f0\u5883\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002Ginsborg \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u662f\u62d2\u7d55\u5c0d\u7f8e\u5b78\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5ba2\u89c0\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u5c07\u5be9\u7f8e\u5224\u65b7\u89e3\u8b80\u70ba\u57fa\u65bc\u7684\u8a98\u60d1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u5982\u4f55\u5f15\u767c\u6211\u5011\u666e\u904d\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u7f8e\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7684 \u201c\u50be\u5411\u4e3b\u7fa9\/\u6027\u683c\u4e3b\u7fa9 dispositionalist\u201d \u89e3\u8b80 ( p 217 )\u3002\u5979\u4e5f\u62d2\u7d55 Paul Guyer \u9817\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684 \u2018\u5169\u5e55\u89c0\u9ede two-acts\u2019 \uff0c\u5373\u7f8e\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u548c\u7f8e\u5b78\u5224\u65b7\u662f\u5169\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u4e14\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6642\u523b(Paul Guyer\uff0c\u201cKant and the Claims of Taste (1997)\u201d )\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cHannah Ginsborg \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u54c1\u5473\u5224\u65b7\u8996\u70ba\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u8981\u6c42\u666e\u904d\u540c\u610f\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc Kant \u7f8e\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u56f0\u5883\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u3002\u5728 Ginsborg \u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u5224\u65b7\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u7570\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6709\u6548\u6027\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u5171\u4eab\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6642\u7a7a\u88ab\u7d0d\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u5011\u5171\u540c\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5224\u65b7\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5224\u65b7 \u201c\u9019\u584a\u77f3\u982d\u5f88\u91cd\u201d \u6642\uff09 \u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u611f\u5224\u65b7\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u5c07\u6642\u7a7a\u7d0d\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7d93\u9a57\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7f8e\u611f\u5224\u65b7\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u57fa\u65bc\u60f3\u50cf\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u81ea\u7531\u767c\u63ee\u7684 \u201c\u5178\u7bc4\u5fc5\u7136\u6027 exemplary necessity\u201d ( \u201c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u540c\u610f\u4e00\u9805\u5224\u6c7a\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u8a72\u5224\u6c7a\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7121\u6cd5\u9673\u8ff0\u7684\u666e\u904d\u898f\u5247\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50 [\u8868\u660e]\u201d \uff08 \u201cCJ\u201d \uff0c\u00a718, 5:237\uff09)\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u611f\u5224\u65b7\u4e2d\uff0c\u60f3\u50cf\u767c\u63ee\u8457 \u201c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u201d \u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u662f \u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d \u6216 \u201c\u6c92\u6709\u898f\u5f8b\u201d \u7684\uff08 \u201cCJ\u201d \uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u689d\u8a55\u8ad6\uff0c 5: 240\u20131\uff08 p 54 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hannah Ginsborg \u5c07\u7f8e\u5b78\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u5178\u578b\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u8207\u898f\u7bc4\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u7b49\u540c\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u900f\u904e\u5f62\u6210\u611f\u77e5\u5f71\u50cf\u4e26\u4ee5\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5408\u6210\u5b83\u5011\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u5224\u65b7\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u898f\u5247\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u638c\u63e1\u4efb\u4f55\u898f\u5247\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7684 \u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5408\u6cd5\u6027  free lawfulness [freie Gesetzm\u00e4\u00dfigkeit] \u201d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65b7\u9ec4\u660f\u7684\u65e5\u843d\u666f\u8272\u662f\u5426\u7f8e\u9e97\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5224\u65b7\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u6a39\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u96bb\u72d7\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6 \uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4e00\u6a23\u76f4\u5230\u5f8c\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u5b78\u7fd2\u6587\u6cd5\u6642\u624d\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u898f\u5247\uff09\u3002\u6b63\u5982 Ginsborg \u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e \u201c\u539f\u59cb primitive \u201d \u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027 \uff0c\u8207\u901a\u5e38\u8207\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u8207\u78ba\u5b9a\u5224\u65b7\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u6d3b\u52d5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9019\u88cf\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u898f\u5247\u6216\u5148\u524d\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u64da Hannah Ginsborg \u5c0d \u201cCJ\u201d \u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u8c61\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u8a55\u5224\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Kant \u7f8e\u5b78\u548c Kant \u76ee\u7684\u8ad6\u4e4b\u9593\u770b\u4f3c\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u3002\u5c31\u7f8e\u611f\u5224\u65b7\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u8207\u5c0d\u8c61\u548c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5c0d\u8c61\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u5c0d\u65bc\u5c0d\u8c61\u61c9\u8a72\u767c\u63ee\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u76ee\u7684\u8ad6\u5224\u65b7\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u662f\u8003\u616e\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u91dd\u5c0d\u5c0d\u8c61\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65b7\u8a72\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8003\u616e\u8a72\u5c0d\u8c61\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u5728\u3002Ginsborg \u8b66\u544a\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5224\u65b7\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u7522\u54c1\uff09 \uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u662f\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u6697\u793a\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u3002\u56e0\u70ba Kant \u5805\u6c7a\u62d2\u7d55\u5f9e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u63a8\u8ad6\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff08\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u601d\u60f3\uff09\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u8005\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5224\u65b7\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u529f\u80fd\uff08 \u4f8b\u5982\u5fc3\u81df\u5177\u6709\u6cf5\u8840\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff09\u4e26\u56e0\u6b64\u5177\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u898f\u7bc4\u8853\u8a9e\u5224\u65b7\u8a72\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6beb\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u67d0\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5982\u679c\u8805\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u540c\u985e\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u751f\u7269 (Hannah Simmons, M.Sc.\uff0cDrosophila as a Model Organism\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.news-medical.net\/life-sciences\/Drosophila-as-a-Model-Organism.aspx)\u3002Ginsborg \u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u751f\u7269\u898f\u5f8b\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u898f\u5f8b\u7684\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u5979\u5c0d\u539f\u59cb\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u751f\u7269\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u7d66 Kant \u7684\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u986f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u6a5f\u68b0\u5730\u89e3\u91cb \uff0c\u5373\u7528 Kant \u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u6392\u65a5\u529b\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u529b\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c Kant \uff08\u524d\u6279\u5224\u7684\u548c\u6279\u5224\u7684\uff09\u5728\u89e3\u91cb\u5404\u7a2e\u7269\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\uff08\u5f9e\u884c\u661f\u5230\u98a8\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff09\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u548c\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u539f\u5247\uff0c Hannah Ginsborg \u5c07\u5176\u7406\u89e3\u70ba \u201c\u6c92\u6709\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u201d \uff08IV The Notion Of A Natural Purpose: Normative Lawlikeness Without Design\uff09\uff1a \u201c\u5c07\u67d0\u7269\u8996\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u670d\u5f9e\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u6216\u7d04\u675f\u201d \uff08 p 275 \uff09\uff1b \u201c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff08\u2026\u2026\uff09\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1b\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u559a\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u8070\u660e\u7684\u751f\u7522\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u53d7\u5230\u4e8b\u60c5\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u652f\u914d\u201d \uff08 p 277\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6709\u898f\u5f8b\u7684\uff08\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u6a5f\u68b0\u4e0a\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u7b26\u5408\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u548c\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u5b51\u5b53\u61c9\u8a72\u9577\u6210\u70ba\u868a \u2500\u2500 Kant \u7684\u81ea\u7136\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u89c0\u5ff5\u6240\u8981\u6355\u6349\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u7684\u61c9\u8a72\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hannah Ginsborg \u5c0d \u201cCJ\u201d \u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u5206\u6790\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5c07 Kant \u5c0d\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u8ad6\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u770b\u4f3c\u4e0d\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u7d71\u4e00\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5b83\u95dc\u6ce8 Kant \u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u5f9e\u672a\u9032\u884c\u904e\u8a3b\u91cb\u3002\u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u898f\u7bc4\u8da8\u52e2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5b83\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e00\u6a23\u3002
\n\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u529f\u80fd function\u201d \u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u751f\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5f15\u767c\u8457\u71b1\u70c8\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u7576\u4ee3\u5927\u591a\u6578\u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u898f\u5f8b\u548c\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u898f\u7bc4\u898f\u5247\u6216\u6a19\u6e96\u65b9\u9762\u514c\u73fe \uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6a5f\u5236\u65b9\u9762\u514c\u73fe (Sandra D. Mitchell\uff0c\u201cBiological Complexity and Integrative Pluralism (2003)\u201d)\u3002\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u898f\u5f8b\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u975e\u5e38\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u764c\u75c7\u4e2d\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6e2c\u5e8f\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u8207\u6b63\u5e38\u7d30\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u4e00\u6a23\u898f\u5f8b\u3002\u89e3\u91cb\u8ca0\u64d4\u901a\u5e38\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u6cd5\u5f8b\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u73fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u6a5f\u5236\u3002 \u7576\u4ee3\u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u737b\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u5b9a\u5be6\u9ad4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 APC \u57fa\u56e0\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u6d3b\u52d5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u9577\uff09\u5982\u4f55\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u5f62\u6210\u6211\u5011\u6240\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7d50\u76f4\u8178\u764c\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u7b49\u3002 \u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Nancy Cartwright\uff09\u4f7f\u7528 \u201c\u69cb\u6210\u6027 constitutive\u201d \u4e00\u8a5e\u4f86\u6307\u5b9a\u5be6\u9ad4\u548c\u6d3b\u52d5\u5982\u4f55\u7d44\u5408\u6210\u660e\u78ba\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u6a5f\u5236 ( \u201cThe Tangle of Science: Reliability Beyond Method, Rigour, and Objectivity (2023)\u201d )\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\uff0cHannah Ginsborg \u7684\u539f\u59cb\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002\u751f\u7269\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u6a5f\u5236\uff08\u4e0d\u80fd\u7c21\u5316\u70ba\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff09\u800c\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u6d89\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u5be6\u9ad4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 APC \u57fa\u56e0\uff09\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u985e\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u9577\uff09\u7684\u898f\u5247\u6216\u898f\u7bc4\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6316\u6398\u9019\u4e9b\u5be6\u9ad4\u5728\u7d66\u5b9a\u689d\u4ef6\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u9700\u4e8b\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u6216\u4e8b\u5148\u638c\u63e1\u7ba1\u7406\u6b64\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u898f\u5247\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u9019\u662f\u751f\u547d\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u5076\u7136\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4e2d\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3002\u7562\u7adf \uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u898f\u5247\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d7\u898f\u5247\u7d04\u675f\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u751f\u7269\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8abf\u67e5\u9019\u7a2e\u898f\u5247\u63a7\u5236\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7576\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6b63\u662f\u5177\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u672c\u8cea\u3002Ginsborg \u5c0d\u7b2c\u4e09\u6279\u5224\u7684\u4ed4\u7d30\u95b1\u8b80\u63ed\u793a\u4e86 Kant \u907a\u7522\u4e2d\u8fc4\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\u5c1a\u672a\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u70ba\u7576\u4ee3\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002
\n\u7121\u8ad6\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u63a5\u53d7 Hannah Ginsborg \u7cbe\u5fc3\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u6703\u53d7\u76ca\u65bc\u5979\u4ee5\u7570\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u69cb\u5efa\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u672c\u4f46\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u96e3\u984c\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u5c0d Kant \u7684 \u201cCJ\u201d \u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u554f\u984c\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u9644\u5e36\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u54f2\u5b78\u5b78\u8005\u7406\u61c9\u51b7\u9759\u5c0d\u5f85\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7814\u7a76\/\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4e88\u4ee5\u4e00\u500b\u5e73\u60c5\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u8a55\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\u6027\u7684\u5c55\u73fe\u3002\u9019\u672c \u201cThe Normativity of Nature: Essays on Kant\u2019s Critique of Judgement\u201d \u66f8\u6b63\u6b63\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u614b\u5ea6\u4e36\u5b83\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u4fc3\u9032\u54f2\u5b78\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5927\u591a\u6578\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba Kant \u7684 \u201cCritique of the Power of Judgement (Critique of Judgment)\uff0cCJ\u201d \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u5c0d\u7f8e\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cHannah Ginsborg \u8a8d\u70ba \u201cCJ\u201d \u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u985e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u9019\u88f9\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u5341\u56db\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8a08\u5283\uff1a\u63d0\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u6279\u5224\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e26\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u5c0d Kant \u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u54f2\u5b78\u548c\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u89c0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9019\u88f9\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u5224\u65b7\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u627f\u8a8d\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5728\u898f\u7bc4\u4e0a\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u5f15\u8d77\u9019\u4e9b\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u900f\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u5920\u50cf\u52d5\u7269\u4e00\u6a23\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u505a\u51fa\u6709\u5340\u5225\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u7f6e\u65bc\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u505a\u51fa\u6b63\u78ba\u6216\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9019\u7a2e\u89e3\u8b80 \uff0c \u201cCJ\u201d \u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u898f\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u7136\u672c\u8eab \u2500\u2500 \u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u6211\u5011\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u81ea\u7136 \u2500\u2500 \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u898f\u7bc4\u8853\u8a9e\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u672c\u66f8 \u201cThe Normativity of Nature: Essays on Kant\u2019s Critique of Judgement\u201d \u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u95b1\u8b80\uff0c\u4e26\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a Kant \u7f8e\u5b78\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u6027\u8faf\u8ad6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u8207\u7576\u4ee3\u95dc\u65bc\u6982\u5ff5\u7372\u53d6\u3001\u611f\u77e5\u5167\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u898f\u5247\u9075\u5faa\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002 xxxxxxxxxx … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2pu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9268"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9269,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9268\/revisions\/9269"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}