{"id":9308,"date":"2024-09-09T02:41:02","date_gmt":"2024-09-09T02:41:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9308"},"modified":"2024-09-09T02:41:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T02:41:06","slug":"down-out-and-under-arrest-policing-and-everyday-life-in-skid-row","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2024\/09\/09\/down-out-and-under-arrest-policing-and-everyday-life-in-skid-row\/","title":{"rendered":"Down, Out, and Under Arrest: Policing and Everyday Life in Skid Row"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u6e90\u672c\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u81ea\u7136\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4e0d\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8ca7\u5bcc\u56fa\u7136\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e0b\u81ea\u7136\u611b\u675f\u7e1b\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u5c31\u662f\u76e1\u91cf\u4ee4\u8cc7\u6e90\u5f97\u5230\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5c0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5206\u914d\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u4eba\u5206\u914d\u4e8c\u7897\u98ef\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u516c\u5e73\uff1f\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7576\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u4ee4\u500b\u4eba\u53d7\u5bb3\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d \u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u8ca7\u56f0\u7684\u793e\u5340\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u5de8\u8b8a\u3002\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u4e00\u9ede\u662f \uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u66fe\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u793e\u5340\u8207\u7a7a\u9593\u5982\u4eca\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8b66\u529b\u3002\u636e\u4fe1\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7dad\u8b77\u6cbb\u5b89\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c06\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u98fd\u53d7\u6210\u763e\u548c\u8eab\u5fc3\u75be\u75c5\u56f0\u64fe\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u5f15\u56de\u6b63\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5728 Los Angeles \u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u61f7\u6709\u771f\u8aa0\u548c\u5584\u610f\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5c06\u4ed6\u5011\u63a8\u5165\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u65b7\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4eba\u884c\u9053\u4e0a\u5750\u5367\u3001\u4e0d\u6309\u898f\u77e9\u6a6b\u7a7f\u99ac\u8def\u7b49\u8f15\u7f6a\u88ab\u622a\u505c\u3001\u641c\u67e5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u902e\u6355 \uff0c\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u52a0\u5de8\u578b\u5e87\u8b77\u6240\u7684\u77ef\u6b63\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5931\u53bb\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b89\u7a69\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u4f4f\u6240\u3002\u8ca7\u7aae\u672c\u8eab\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u6703\u62db\u81f4\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b9a\u7f6a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u56f0\u5c40\u4f55\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\uff1f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0b\u627e\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6 Forrest Stuart \u7528\u4e94\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6df1\u5165 Los Angeles \u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\uff0c\u8207\u5c45\u6c11\u4e00\u8d77\u62fe\u8352\u3001\u5065\u8eab\uff0c\u548c\u5c0f\u8ca9\u4e00\u8d77\u64fa\u6524\uff0c\u8ddf\u968f\u8b66\u5bdf\u5de1\u908f\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u793e\u5340\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u591a\u6b21\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u622a\u505c\u641c\u67e5\u3002\u5728 Los Angeles \u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\uff0cForrest Stuart \u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u6514\u4e0b\u5341\u56db\u6b21\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u90a3\u88cf\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d Juliette \u5973\u58eb\u5df2\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u6514\u4f4f\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u88ab\u6355\u516d\u5341\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u70ba\u671f\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u76e3\u7981\u4e2d\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5979\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u50c5\u50c5\u5750\u5728\u4eba\u884c\u9053\u4e0a \u2014\u2014 \u5728 Los Angeles \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u902e\u6355\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u902e\u6355\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u53c8\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u9084\u662f\u70ba\u4e86 Juliette\uff1f\u00a0Los Angeles \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9054\u5230\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff1a\u00a0Los Angeles \u524a\u6e1b\u4e86\u5c0d\u6700\u8ca7\u56f0\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6cbb\u5b89\u548c\u76e3\u7344\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u652f\u51fa\u537b\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\uff1f\u9019\u5c31\u662f Forrest Stuart \u5728 \u201cDown, Out, and Under Arrest: Policing and Everyday Life in Skid Row<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u6240\u8b1b\u8ff0\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u800c\u4ee4\u4eba\u767c\u72c2\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd1\u8ddd\u96e2\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e86\u7576\u4ee3\u7f8e\u570b\u6cbb\u7406\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u539f\u56e0\u3002Stuart \u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5be6\u5730\u8abf\u67e5 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u5c0d\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8ca0\u8cac\u7ba1\u7406\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf \u2014\u2014 \u6240\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u60b2\u5287\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u548c\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u932f\u4f4d\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a \uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u82f1\u96c4\u548c\u60e1\u68cd\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u3002\u4ed6\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5373\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u96d9\u65b9\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u771f\u8aa0\u5730\u8a66\u5716\u505a\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u5e38\u5e38\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u6709\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u9020\u6210\u56b4\u91cd\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8b66\u5bdf\u548c\u8ca7\u56f0\u793e\u5340\u5c45\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u9054\u5230\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0cForrest Stuart \u7684\u66f8\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u6211\u5011\u54ea\u88cf\u51fa\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u53d6\u54ea\u4e9b\u6b65\u9a5f\u4f86\u958b\u59cb\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u5011\u6700\u8ca7\u56f0\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e26\u6700\u7d42\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\u5185\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa3\u9ad4\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7531\u932f\u8aa4\u8207\u512a\u5148\u7d1a\u932f\u7f6e\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u60b2\u5287\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u82f1\u96c4\u8207\u90aa\u60e1\u52e2\u529b\u7684\u7e8f\u6597\u3002\u9019\u500b\u56f0\u5c40\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u662f\u653f\u7b56 \u3001\u601d\u6f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u9690\u7d04\u5305\u542b\u7740\u6539\u5584\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forrest Stuart \u73fe\u70ba Stanford \u5927\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0cStanford \u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb<\/a>\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u7814\u7a76\u9805\u76ee\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c MacArthur <\/a>\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u5b78\u6703\u6703\u54e1\u3002\u4ed6\u7528\u57ce\u5e02\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7<\/a> Urban Ethnography<\/a> \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u548c\u6a94\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u8cea\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a2\u7d22\u57ce\u5e02\u8ca7\u56f0\u7684\u6210\u56e0\u3001\u73fe\u72c0\u548c\u540e\u679c\u3002\u4ed6\u5ef6\u7e8c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u6d3e<\/a> The Chicago School of Sociology<\/a> \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u500b\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u7fa3\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u8eab\u6240\u8655\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u516c\u5171\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u671f\u671b\u793e\u7fa3\u6210\u54e1\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u751f\u7522\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

xxxxxxxxxx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0cEgon Bittner \u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u8b66\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u8b66\u52d9\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u61c9\u57fa\u65bc\u95dc\u65bc\u8b66\u5bdf\u61c9\u8a72\u505a\u751a\u9ebc\u3001\u5f37\u8abf\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u548c\u7121\u80fd\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u57fa\u65bc\u89c0\u5bdf\u548c\u8a18\u9304\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5f88\u660e\u78ba\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u900f\u904e\u89c0\u5bdf\u5be6\u8e10\u624d\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u8b66\u52d9\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u539f\u56e0\u3002Forrest Stuart \u505a\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u65e5\u5fa9\u4e00\u65e5\u5730\u51fa\u53bb\u89c0\u5bdf\u3001\u50be\u807d\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e86\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u9336\u6f14\u548c\u5834\u666f\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u3001\u751f\u52d5\u548c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6bdb\u9aa8\u609a\u7136\u7684\u53e3\u982d\u5716\u7247\u3002\u4ed6\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u91cd\u8981\u4e14\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u201cDown, Out, and Under Arrest: Policing and Everyday Life in Skid Row<\/em>\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u7834\u7a97 broken windows\u201d \u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u7d93\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u505c\u6b62\u4e86 \u2014\u2014 Forrest Stuart \u5728\u9019\u672c\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u66f8\u4e2d\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba \u201c\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9 therapeutic policing\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5c0d\u7063\u5340\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u6642\uff0cEgon Bittner \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8b66\u5bdf\u5982\u4f55\u5316\u89e3\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u56b4\u91cd\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u9032\u884c\u67d0\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7dad\u548c\u884c\u52d5\uff08\u201cThe Police on Skid-Row: A Study of Peace Keeping<\/em>\u201d American Sociological Review 32 [1967]: 699\u2013715\uff09\uff0cLos Angeles \u4e2d\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u610f\u5473\u8457\u9a37\u64fe\u3001\u591a\u6b21\u4efb\u610f\u902e\u6355\u3001\u76e3\u8996\u3001\u975e\u4eba\u5316\u906d\u9047\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f37\u8feb\u4eba\u5011\u7372\u5f97 \u201c\u5e6b\u52a9 help\u201d \u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88cf\uff0cStuart \u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6cbb\u5b89\u8ca7\u56f0\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u63a1\u8a2a\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u975e\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u6b98\u9177\u6cbb\u5b89\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u201c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4eba\u5011\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u59cb\u751f\u6d3b\u201d \u3002\u8b66\u65b9\u8207\u79c1\u4eba\u6a5f\u69cb\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u5c0d\u8f15\u5fae\u9055\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u9032\u884c\u902e\u6355\u548c\u76e3\u7981\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u9ed1\u4eba\u548c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u88d4\u7537\u5b50\uff08\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u662f\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\uff09\u7684\u8b66\u52d9\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f7f Foucault \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u6c11\u4e3b\u8b66\u52d9\u89c0\u5bdf\u5bb6\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u986f\u5f97\u6a02\u89c0\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u67e5\u8a62\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u6b77\u53f2\u624d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forrest Stuart \u4e5f\u662f\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u5206\u6821 (UCLA) \u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u535a\u58eb\u751f\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5728 Los Angeles \u4e2d\u5357\u90e8\u5b78\u7fd2\u5546\u696d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u56db\u8655\u9592\u901b\uff0c\u806f\u7e6b\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u6642\u906d\u5230\u62d2\u7d55\uff0c\u4ed6\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5 \u2014\u2014 \u89c0\u5bdf\u3001\u50be\u807d\uff0c\u4e26\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4e\u8abf\u3002\u4ed6\u5931\u6557\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u7684\u5169\u540d\u6210\u54e1\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\u8a62\u554f\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u8ac7\u8a71\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7d66\u4e86\u4ed6\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u540d\u7247\u548c\u7576\u5730\u5206\u5340\u6307\u63ee\u5b98\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u4ed6\u8ddf\u9032\u4e26\u8a2d\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u5be6\u5730\u63a1\u8a2a\u3001\u89c0\u5bdf\u548c\u9a0e\u884c\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u4ed6\u9084\u6536\u96c6\u4e86\u6a94\u6848\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0cStuart \u8207\u4e00\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u5c0f\u7d44\u3001\u8857\u982d\u5c0f\u8ca9\u548c\u4e00\u7fa3\u900f\u904e\u62cd\u651d\u8b66\u5bdf\u8207\u516c\u6c11\u4e92\u52d5\u4f86\u62b5\u5236\u8b66\u5bdf\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u806f\u7e6b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u9019\u88cf\uff0c\u7834\u788e\u7684\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7a97\u6236\u3002\u4e2d\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf\u71b1\u70c8\u6b61\u8fce\u6700\u65b0\u8da8\u52e2\u3002\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8b49\u64da\u662f\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u4e14\u662f\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\uff1b\u9019\u7a2e\u6cbb\u5b89\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u662f\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u3002Forrest Stuart \u5c07\u8b66\u5bdf\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u7de8\u7e54\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4e26\u7528\u8f9b\u8fa3\u800c\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u616e\u7684\u5f15\u8a00\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u5b83\u3002\u6514\u622a\u641c\u67e5\u548c\u8ca7\u56f0\u6cbb\u7406\u7b49\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u63a7\u5236\u7b56\u7565\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u5c0d\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u3002\u652f\u6301\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u6253\u64ca\u72af\u7f6a\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u5177\u6709\u58d3\u8feb\u6027\u3001\u6709\u5bb3\u6027\u548c\u6b67\u8996\u6027\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6a5f\u69cb\u548c\u53d7\u653f\u7b56\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u516c\u773e\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u5f88\u5c11\u540c\u6642\u53c3\u8207\u3002Forrest Stuart \u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c \u201cDown, Out, and Under Arrest: Policing and Everyday Life in Skid Row<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u7a2e\u5b78\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u6578\u64da\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u8ca7\u56f0\u6cbb\u7406\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u5c45\u6c11\u3001\u8b66\u5bdf\u548c\u793e\u5340\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u586b\u88dc\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u7a7a\u767d\u3002Stuart \u4e94\u5e74\u4f86\u5c0d Los Angeles \u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf\u3001\u5c45\u6c11\u548c\u793e\u5340\u7d44\u7e54\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u9019\u8868\u660e\u8b66\u5bdf\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5851\u9020\u548c\u91cd\u5851\u7f8e\u570b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u5f31\u52e2\u7fa3\u9ad4\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u793e\u5340\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7b56\u7565\u3002Stuart \u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e86\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8106\u5f31\u800c\u53c8\u5305\u7f85\u842c\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u3001\u6709\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7dad\u6301\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u4fe1\u4efb\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u9801\u4e0a\u90fd\u5927\u653e\u7570\u5f69\uff0c\u7576\u53c3\u8cfd\u8005\u76f8\u9047\u6642 \uff0c\u4ed6\u6355\u6349\u5230\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u611f\u3002\u4e00\u7a2e\u79e9\u5e8f\u611f\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u611f\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a7a\u6d1e\u537b\u53c8\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u821e\u8e48\uff0c\u88ab\u6f14\u7e79\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7576\u5730\u4eba\u8a66\u5716\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u6bd4\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8fd1\u9130\u66f4\u6709\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4eba\u5011\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d7\u5230\u975e\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u88cf\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u9811\u5f37\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u90fd\u7121\u6cd5\u4eab\u6709\u96b1\u79c1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u9593\u3001\u51fa\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u539f\u56e0\u767c\u8d77\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8cea\u7591\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u3002\u9019\u88cf\u6c92\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 (Fixing the Poor) \u91cd\u9ede\u4ecb\u7d39\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u6cbb\u5b89\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ca0\u8cac\u63a7\u5236\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u8b66\u5b98\uff0c\u4ed6\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u4ee5\u53ca\u5411 \u201c\u6062\u5fa9\u7ba1\u7406 recovery management\u201d \u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u60f3\u6cd5\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u5931\u6557\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8b8a\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u8feb\u53c3\u52a0\u5e87\u8b77\u6240\u7684\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u751f\u6d3b\u4e26\u96e2\u958b\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u548c\u6b98\u9177\u6cbb\u5b89\u7684\u65b0\u7406\u7531\u3002\u4ed6\u8207\u8b66\u65b9\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5177\u6709\u555f\u767c\u6027\uff1a\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u8001\u4e8b \u2014\u2014 \u5de1\u822a\u3001\u9a37\u64fe\u3001\u6514\u622a\u3001\u641c\u67e5\u548c\u902e\u6355 \u2014\u2014 \u73fe\u5728\u900f\u904e\u8072\u7a31\u7b26\u5408\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u88ab\u5408\u7406\u5316\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u7576\u524d\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u6551\u8d16\u904b\u52d5\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u6642\u5c1a\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u4e0b\u5c64\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u6bc0\u6ec5\u6027\u7684\u3001\u58d3\u6291\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4fdd\u6301\u5065\u5eb7\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0 (The Rise of Therapeutic Policing) \u4e2d\uff0cForrest Stuart \u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e86\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f9e 1850 \u5e74\u4ee3\u958b\u59cb\u5230 \u201c\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u57ce\u5e02\u5021\u8b70 Safer Cities Initiative<\/a>\u201d \u9019\u4e00\u96f6\u5bb9\u5fcd\u8b66\u52d9\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u555f\u52d5\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u8b66\u52d9\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002Forrest Stuart \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\u6cbb\u5b89\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6f14\u8b8a\u8207\u798f\u5229\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u5728\u798f\u5229\u898f\u5283\u6700\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u8f03\u5c11\u5e72\u9810\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u69cb\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u63f4\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7576\u798f\u5229\u8a08\u5283\u8f03\u4f4e\u6642\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u548c\u975e\u71df\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\u5c31\u6703\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u53c3\u8207\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8b66\u52d9\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9 therapeutic policing (Daniel J. McCarthy – \u201cAn Introduction to the Chicago School of Sociology 2011<\/a><\/em>\u201d & D J McCarthy – \u201cTherapeutic Policing Early Intervention, Anti-Social Behaviour and Social Control. 2011<\/a><\/em>\u201d ) \uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5916\u5c55\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u900f\u904e\u5f37\u5236\u5eb7\u5fa9\u548c\u56b4\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u898f\u5247\u4f86\u9f13\u52f5\u5c45\u6c11\u751f\u7522\u529b\u548c\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f7f\u5c45\u6c11\u56de\u6b78\u50b3\u7d71\u793e\u6703\u3002\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u5927\u578b\u5e87\u8b77\u6240\u7b49\u79c1\u4eba\u798f\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u52a0\u5287\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u4fc3\u9032\u96f6\u5bb9\u5fcd\u8b66\u52d9\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u63a8\u52d5\u500b\u4eba\u5c0b\u6c42\u5e6b\u52a9\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 (From Rabble Management to Recovery Management) \u4e2d\uff0cStuart \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c0d\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u8b66\u5bdf\u63a1\u7528\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u4e26\u76f8\u4fe1\u5229\u7528\u793e\u6703\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u626d\u8f49\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u62d2\u7d55\u5c0b\u6c42\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u5c07\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u5b9a\u7f6a\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c07\u902e\u6355\u6216\u50b3\u559a\u4e00\u540d\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u4e26\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u9078\u64c7\u5165\u7344\u6216\u5728\u4e09\u500b\u5927\u578b\u5e87\u8b77\u6240\u4e4b\u4e00\u8a3b\u518a\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u793e\u6703\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf\u63a1\u53d6\u96f6\u5bb9\u5fcd\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u61f2\u7f70\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5f15\u5c0e\u5c45\u6c11\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206 (Becoming Copwise) \u5f9e\u7406\u89e3\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u8f49\u5411\u5176\u5c0d\u5c45\u6c11\u76f8\u4e92\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0cForrest Stuart \u5c07\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8f49\u5411\u4eba\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u5c0d\u96a8\u6a5f\u3001\u4e0d\u96e2\u6563\u3001\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u76e3\u7ba1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u6027\u683c\u3001\u5916\u8868\u548c\u7d30\u5fae\u5dee\u5225\u7684\u76e3\u7ba1\u3002\u8b66\u65b9\u8a8d\u70ba\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u56fa\u57f7\u800c\u53c8\u53ef\u5851\u7684\u6ecb\u64fe\u8005\u3002\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u5916\u8868\uff1f\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7030\u6f2b\u8457\u6050\u61fc\u3002\u6232\u5287\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u4e09\u500b\u5c0f\u7d44\u8868\u6f14\uff1a\u7df4\u7fd2\u5c0f\u7d44 \u3001\u5546\u8ca9\u548c\u8ffd\u8e64\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e26\u62cd\u651d\u4ed6\u5011\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u5c0f\u7d44\u3002Stuart \u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u5e36\u6709\u5fae\u5f31\u7684\u3001\u5145\u6eff\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5728\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f8c\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u6700\u6975\u7aef\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002\u7d50\u8ad6\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u9644\u9304\u662f\u4ed4\u7d30\u4e14\u8ad6\u8b49\u5145\u5206\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8a9e\u6c23\u662f\u7406\u6027\u800c\u5145\u6eff\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8b80\u5230\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c0d\u6211\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u60c5\u611f\u4e0a\u7684\uff1a\u5b83\u8b93\u6211\u4ecb\u65bc\u61a4\u6012\u548c\u6dda\u6c34\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0 (Training for Survival) \u4e2d\uff0cForrest Stuart \u5411\u8b80\u8005\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86 \u201c\u660e\u667a\u5730 copwise\u201d \u4e00\u8a5e\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5c45\u6c11\u70ba\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf\u63a5\u89f8\u800c\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002Stuart \u8207\u4e00\u7fa3\u4ee5 \u201c\u92fc\u9435 Steel\u201d \u70ba\u9996\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u5ea6\u904e\u4e86\u6642\u5149\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u8d77\u935b\u7149\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u81ea\u5df1\u514d\u53d7\u6e05\u9192\u5a01\u8105\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u5411 Stuart \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u65e5\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u8b66\u5bdf\u5728\u5834\u6642\u8d70\u4e0a\u8857\u982d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u904b\u52d5\u5c0f\u7d44\u5728\u8207\u4eba\u4ea4\u5f80\u6642\u4e5f\u5f88\u8b39\u614e\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5f15\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u984d\u5916\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u7576\u767c\u751f\u9ebb\u7169\u6642\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u6703\u5c0d\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u52a0\u5f37\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8ff4\u907f\u7b56\u7565\u53ea\u80fd\u6301\u7e8c\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u91cd\u65b0\u88ab\u7f6e\u65bc\u61f7\u7591\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u5718\u9ad4\u5c31\u6703\u56db\u5206\u4e94\u88c2\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 (Cooling Off the Block) \u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8857\u982d\u5c0f\u8ca9\u7684\u72e1\u733e\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u8857\u982d\u5c0f\u8ca9\u5728\u92b7\u552e\u7522\u54c1\u6642\u5805\u6c7a\u4e0d\u5141\u8a31\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u9644\u8fd1\u9032\u884c\u975e\u6cd5\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u963b\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u4e26\u8feb\u4f7f\u7269\u4ef6\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u975e\u6cd5\u3001\u5947\u602a\u6216\u5a01\u8105\u6027\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5438\u5f15\u8b66\u5bdf\u5230\u8a72\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u4f7f\u5546\u8ca9\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u902e\u6355\u548c\u50b3\u7968\u3002\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5546\u8ca9\u5f37\u884c\u8d95\u8d70\u5973\u6027\u3001\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5bcc\u88d5\u6216\u5f9e\u4e8b\u975e\u6cd5\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u3002\u5546\u8ca9\u548c\u5c45\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u5546\u8ca9\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u9032\u884c\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5546\u8ca9\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236\u53ea\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e86\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u6392\u65a5\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6392\u65a5\uff0c\u5728\u5c45\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\u7522\u751f\u6050\u61fc\u3001\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6575\u610f\uff0c\u7834\u58de\u5718\u7d50\uff0c\u6ecb\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0 (Policing the Police) \u4e2d\uff0cForrest Stuart \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u793e\u5340\u884c\u52d5\u7db2\u7d61 (Los Angeles Community Action Network (LACAN) <\/a>) \u53ca\u5176\u793e\u5340\u89c0\u5bdf\u5c0f\u7d44\u7684\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u8a72\u5c0f\u7d44\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8349\u6839\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u6253\u64ca\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u8b66\u5bdf\u884c\u70ba\u3002LACAN<\/a> \u7dad\u6301\u8457\u8207 \u201c\u92fc\u9435 Steel\u201d \u548c\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 \u201c\u9130\u88e1\u6846\u67b6 neighborhood frame\u201d\u3002\u96d6\u7136 \u201c\u92fc\u9435 Steel\u201d \u548c\u5546\u8ca9\u4e3b\u8981\u5c07\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u58ae\u843d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f46\u793e\u5340\u89c0\u5bdf<\/a> Community Watch<\/a> \u8a8d\u70ba\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u793e\u5340\uff0c\u88cf\u9762\u4f4f\u6eff\u4e86\u53d7\u5230\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u5be9\u5224\u548c\u9a37\u64fe\u7684\u4eba\u3002LACAN<\/a> \u8207\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c0d\u5cd9\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u52aa\u529b\u8ffd\u8e64\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e26\u8a18\u9304\u8b66\u5bdf\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u7372\u5f97\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u7684\u7576\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u5c0d\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4e26\u6311\u6230\u8ca7\u7aae\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u843d\u9b44\u300d\u548c\u300c\u88ab\u6355\u300d\u5c07\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86 Waverly Duck \uff08 \u201cNo Way Out: Precarious Living in the Shadow of Poverty and Drug Dealing (2015)<\/a><\/em>\u201d \uff09\u3001Alice Goffman\uff08 \u201cOn the Run: Fugitive Life in an American City(2015)<\/a><\/em>\u201d \uff09\u548c Victor Rios\uff08 \u201cPunished: Policing the Lives of Black and Latino Boys(2011)<\/a><\/em>\u201d\uff09\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7531\u7834\u7a97\u5f0f\u8b66\u52d9\u7684\u8868\u9762\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u6587\u660e\u548c\u660e\u667a\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u8b66\u52d9\u7684\u8870\u843d\u3002Forrest Stuart \u63cf\u7e6a\u4e86\u6cbb\u5b89 \u201c\u653f\u7b56 policy\u201d \u7684\u50b2\u6162\u548c\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u6027\uff1a\u5047\u88dd\u65e2\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u5931\u6557\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4e48\u61f2\u7f70\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u50cf Jeremy\u00a0Bentham \u90a3\u6a23\u8aaa\u670d\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u5df1 \u3002\u9019\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u7f8e\u570b \u00a0Scots-Irish\u00a0\u50b3\u7d71<\/a>\u7684\u5f15\u5c0e\u54f2\u5b78\uff08\u53c3\u898b J.D. Vance – \u201cHillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis (2018)<\/a><\/em>\u201d\uff09\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\u7684\uff09\u8b66\u5bdf\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7248\u672c\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u58de\u4eba \u2014\u2014\u7576 \u7136\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u4e5f\u6709\u597d\u4eba\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u770b\u770b\u5931\u6557\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead \u3001\u5931\u6557\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8a13\u7df4\u548c\u5931\u6557\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\uff08\u8b66\u5bdf\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u6211\u5011\u53ea\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u6211\u5011\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a5f\u6703\u3002Stuart \u8207\u8b66\u65b9\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u9a5a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8b66\u65b9\u7684\u4e0d\u8aa0\u5be6\u548c\u9858\u610f\u5c07\u8b66\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u6e1b\u5c11\u5230\u902e\u6355\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u88ab\u6355\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u5f97\u5230\u751f\u547d\u3002\u8b66\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u8b8a\u5f97 \u201c\u5c08\u696d\u5316 professional\u201d\uff0c\u53d7\u5236\u65bc\u77ed\u66ab\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u6642\u5c1a\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u812b\u7bc0\uff1f\u8b66\u52d9\u6642\u5c1a\u5f9e\u7981\u6bd2\u6230\u722d\u5230\u6253\u7834\u7a97\u6236\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u8857\u9053\u505c\u706b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee4\u4eba\u7a92\u606f\u7684\u65b0\u5947\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u908a\u7de3\u5316\u548c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5730\u5340\u548c\u8b66\u5bdf\u6514\u622a\u4e2d\u8ff7\u5931\u3001\u60b2\u50b7\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5931\u8abf\u7684\u4eba\u4e26\u70ba\u4e86\u300c\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u4e0d\u932f\u300d\u800c\u902e\u6355\u3002\u8a00\u8fad\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u63a9\u84cb\u5be6\u8e10\u3002Los Angeles \u9019\u4e00\u5340\u7684\u4f8b\u884c\u8b66\u5bdf\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7d10\u7d04\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u5f0f\u7684\u300c\u6514\u622a\u641c\u8eab\u300d\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u5c0f\u5152\u79d1\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u6559\u8a13\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u78ba \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u8003\u616e\u5c0d\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u7684\u8b66\u5bdf \u201c\u653f\u7b56 policy\u201d \u662f\u53cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u548c\u7ad9\u4e0d\u4f4f\u8173\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7e3d\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0cForrest Stuart \u51fa\u8272\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u5c0d\u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u548c\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u8b66\u5bdf\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u5c45\u6c11\u8b8a\u5f97\u8070\u660e\u6642\u91cd\u5851\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5c45\u6c11\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002Stuart \u7684\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7576\u524d\u8ca7\u7aae\u6cbb\u7406\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u4f4f\u623f\u512a\u5148\u548c\u6e1b\u5c11\u5371\u5bb3\u6a21\u5f0f\u6703\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5982\u540c\u6240\u6709\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cStuart \u7684\u767c\u73fe\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u6cbb\u7642\u6027\u8b66\u52d9\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5c45\u6c11\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b78\u7fd2\u72af\u7f6a\u5b78\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u6216\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6216\u9ad8\u5e74\u7d1a\u672c\u79d1\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c08\u9580\u7814\u7a76\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4f\u623f\u3001\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\u3001\u8ca7\u56f0\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c \u201cDown, Out, and Under Arrest: Policing and Everyday Life in Skid Row<\/em>\u201d \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u6e90\u672c\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u81ea\u7136\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4e0d\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8ca7\u5bcc\u56fa\u7136\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e0b\u81ea\u7136\u611b\u675f\u7e1b\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u5c31\u662f\u76e1\u91cf\u4ee4\u8cc7\u6e90\u5f97\u5230\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5c0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5206\u914d\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u4eba\u5206\u914d\u4e8c\u7897\u98ef\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u516c\u5e73\uff1f\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7576\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u4ee4\u500b\u4eba\u53d7\u5bb3\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d \u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u8ca7\u56f0\u7684\u793e\u5340\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u5de8\u8b8a\u3002\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u4e00\u9ede\u662f \uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u66fe\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u793e\u5340\u8207\u7a7a\u9593\u5982\u4eca\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8b66\u529b\u3002\u636e\u4fe1\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7dad\u8b77\u6cbb\u5b89\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c06\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u98fd\u53d7\u6210\u763e\u548c\u8eab\u5fc3\u75be\u75c5\u56f0\u64fe\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u5f15\u56de\u6b63\u9014\u3002 \u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5728 Los Angeles \u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u61f7\u6709\u771f\u8aa0\u548c\u5584\u610f\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5c06\u4ed6\u5011\u63a8\u5165\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u65b7\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4eba\u884c\u9053\u4e0a\u5750\u5367\u3001\u4e0d\u6309\u898f\u77e9\u6a6b\u7a7f\u99ac\u8def\u7b49\u8f15\u7f6a\u88ab\u622a\u505c\u3001\u641c\u67e5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u902e\u6355 \uff0c\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u53c3\u52a0\u5de8\u578b\u5e87\u8b77\u6240\u7684\u77ef\u6b63\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5931\u53bb\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b89\u7a69\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u4f4f\u6240\u3002\u8ca7\u7aae\u672c\u8eab\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u6703\u62db\u81f4\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b9a\u7f6a\u3002 \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u56f0\u5c40\u4f55\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\uff1f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0b\u627e\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6 Forrest Stuart \u7528\u4e94\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6df1\u5165 Los Angeles \u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\uff0c\u8207\u5c45\u6c11\u4e00\u8d77\u62fe\u8352\u3001\u5065\u8eab\uff0c\u548c\u5c0f\u8ca9\u4e00\u8d77\u64fa\u6524\uff0c\u8ddf\u968f\u8b66\u5bdf\u5de1\u908f\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u793e\u5340\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u591a\u6b21\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u622a\u505c\u641c\u67e5\u3002\u5728 Los Angeles \u8ca7\u6c11\u7a9f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\uff0cForrest Stuart \u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u6514\u4e0b\u5341\u56db\u6b21\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u90a3\u88cf\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d Juliette \u5973\u58eb\u5df2\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u6514\u4f4f\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u88ab\u6355\u516d\u5341\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u70ba\u671f\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u76e3\u7981\u4e2d\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5979\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u50c5\u50c5\u5750\u5728\u4eba\u884c\u9053\u4e0a \u2014\u2014 \u5728 Los Angeles \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u902e\u6355\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u3002 \u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u902e\u6355\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u53c8\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u9084\u662f\u70ba\u4e86 Juliette\uff1f\u00a0Los Angeles \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9054\u5230\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff1a\u00a0Los Angeles \u524a\u6e1b\u4e86\u5c0d\u6700\u8ca7\u56f0\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6cbb\u5b89\u548c\u76e3\u7344\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u652f\u51fa\u537b\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\uff1f\u9019\u5c31\u662f Forrest Stuart \u5728 \u201cDown, Out, and Under Arrest: Policing and Everyday … Continue reading 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