{"id":9327,"date":"2024-10-18T05:49:58","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T05:49:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9327"},"modified":"2024-10-18T05:50:03","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T05:50:03","slug":"neofinalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2024\/10\/18\/neofinalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Neofinalism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u4eca\u9bae\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46 Raymond Ruyer<\/a> \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d Deleuze<\/a> \u3001Guattari \u548c \u00a0Gilbert Simondon \u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u88ab\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f Ruyer \u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u7684 Neofinalism<\/a><\/em><\/strong> \u8b6f\u672c\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u82f1\u8a9e\u8b80\u8005\u7d42\u65bc\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9019\u4f4d\u958b\u5275\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raymond Ruyer \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u54f2\u5b78\u7d42\u7d50\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u6240\u56f0\u64fe\uff0c\u4ed6\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u3001\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u5206\u985e\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u65b0\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u53cd\u601d\u5176\u7d93\u5178\u554f\u984c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5b58\u5728\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u751f\u547d\u8ca0\u8cac\uff1f\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u81ea\u7531\u600e\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65b0\u6700\u7d42\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u7684\u3001\u8ad6\u8b49\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u5b83\u904b\u7528\u81ea\u6211\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u7d55\u5c0d\u8868\u9762\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u5851\u9020\u865b\u64ec\u548c\u8de8\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u5730\u547c\u7c72\u4eba\u5011\u91cd\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b58\u7d44\u7e54\u6642\u7a7a\u7d50\u69cb\u4e26\u4f7f\u771f\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u52d5\u614b\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5275\u9020\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

xxxxxxxxxx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1974\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Raymond Ruyer<\/a>\uff081902-1987\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u540d\u70ba \u201cLa Gnose de Princeton : des savants \u00e0 la recherche d’une religion <\/a>(\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u9748\u77e5\uff1a\u5c0b\u627e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5b78\u8005)<\/em> \u201d\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u8a72\u66f8\u65e8\u5728\u5c55\u793a 20 \u4e16\u7d00 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\u548c 1970 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5e7e\u6240\u8457\u540d\u5927\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4f46\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0f\u7d44\u7684\u6df1\u5967\u601d\u60f3\u3002(\u4e09\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u5f8c\u7e8c\u5377 \u201cLes Cent prochains si\u00e8cles: Le destin historique de l\u2019homme selon la Nouvelle Gnose am\u00e9ricaine<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u51fa\u7248) \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u610f\u7684\u8a6d\u8a08\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002Ruyer \u767c\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7531\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u9748\u77e5\u6d3e\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u8a6d\u8a08\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u5b83\u5011\u70ba\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u516c\u773e\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u7269\u8cea\u8207\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u95e1\u8ff0\u3002\u9019\u9805\u7b56\u7565\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5713\u6eff\u6210\u529f\uff1a\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7acb\u5373\u6210\u70ba\u66a2\u92b7\u66f8\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u5a92\u9ad4\u5c07 Ruyer \u4ee5 \u4ed6\u5ea6\u904e\u4e86\u5927\u534a\u751f\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u6771\u90e8\u57ce\u5e02\u547d\u540d\u7a31\u70ba \u201cThe Sage of Nancy\u201d\u3002(Sacha Loeve, Xavier Guchet, Bernadette Bensaude Vincent – \u201cFrench Philosophy of Technology (2018)<\/em><\/a>\u201d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c \u201cLa Gnose de Princeton<\/em>\u201d \u70ba Raymond Ruyer \u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u8fc4\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\u4ed6\u5f9e\u672a\u7372\u5f97\u904e\u7684\u516c\u773e\u8b9a\u8b7d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4ed6\u5df2\u7d93\u4eab\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8f1d\u714c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u751f\u6daf\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u8457\u540d\u7684\u9ad8\u7b49\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5b78\u9662\u63a5\u53d7\u57f9\u8a13\uff0c\u4e26\u5728 1924 \u5e74\u54f2\u5b78\u7d9c\u5408\u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u6700\u9ad8\u5206\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5fb5\u53ec\u5165\u4f0d\uff0c1940 \u5e74\u81f3 1944 \u5e74\u671f\u9593\u88ab\u95dc\u62bc\u5728\u5fb7\u570b Oflag XVII-A \u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u90a3\u88cf\u5beb\u4e0b\u4e86\u9817\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c \u201c\u00c9l\u00e9ments de psycho-biologie<\/a> (\u5fc3\u7406\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u8981\u7d20) (1946)<\/em>\u201d \u30021947 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u70ba Nancy \u5927\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u88cf\u4efb\u6559\u76f4\u81f3 1972 \u5e74\u9000\u4f11\u3002\u671f\u9593\u4ed6\u62d2\u7d55\u4e86\u642c\u5230 Sorbonne \u5927\u5b78\u7684\u63d0\u8b70\uff0c\u5207\u5be7\u9858\u7559\u5728\u4ed6\u5fc3\u611b\u7684 Lorraine \u5730\u5340\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u672c\u66f8 \u201cL\u2019embryogen\u00e8se du monde et le Dieu silencieux <\/a>(\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u840c\u82bd\u8207\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d)<\/em>\u201d <\/em>\u65bc 2013 \u5e74\u65bc\u6b7b\u5f8c\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u5c0d Georges Canguilhem \u7b49\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6027\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u81ea\u59cb\u81f3\u7d42\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7368\u7279\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u8ff4\u907f\u4e86 Bergson \u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b49\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u6cd5\u570b\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u8207\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u9032\u884c\u5c0d\u8a71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0cRaymond Ruyer \u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u5e38\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6700\u521d\u9ed8\u9ed8\u7121\u805e \u2014\u2014 \u5118\u7ba1 \u201cLa Gnose de Princeton<\/em>\u201d \u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u5230\u672c\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u7d55\u7248\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5e7e\u5e74\u88cf\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d Ruyer \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cd\u65b0\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u3002 2012 \u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e (PUF) \u91cd\u65b0\u767c\u884c\u4e86 Ruyer 1952 \u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u8457\u4f5c \u201cN\u00e9o-Finalisme (Neofinalism)<\/em>\u201d\uff0c\u8a72\u66f8\u88ab\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5091\u4f5c\u3002\u518d\u7248\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 PUF \u9817\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u7cfb\u5217 M\u00e9taphysiqueS<\/em> \u4e2d\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8a72\u7cfb\u5217\u7531\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 \u00c9lie Within\u3001Patrice Maniglier\u3001Quentin Meil\u200b\u200blassoux \u548c David Rabouin \u7de8\u8f2f\u3002 2014 \u5e74\uff0c\u201cN\u00e9o-Finalisme (Neofinalism)<\/em>\u201d \u88ab\u7d0d\u5165\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u805a\u5408\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u534a\u898f\u7bc4\u6587\u672c\uff0c2016 \u5e74\uff0c\u00a0Minnesota\u00a0 \u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u4e86 Alyosha Edlebi \u7684\u7cbe\u5f69\u82f1\u6587\u8b6f\u672c \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d\u3002Gilles Deleuze \u7684\u8457\u4f5c<\/a>\uff0c\u4ed6\u6df1\u53d7 Ruyer \u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u5e38\u63d0\u53ca \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u548c \u201cThe Genesis of Living Forms (1958)<\/a><\/em>\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cEdlebi \u8b6f\u672c\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u5177\u6709\u96d9\u91cd\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u8b93\u5b78\u8005\u63a2\u7d22 Deleuze \u5c0d Ruyer \u7684\u6069\u60e0 ( DELEUZE, RUYER AND BECOMING-BRAIN: THE MUSIC OF LIFE\u2019S TEMPORALITY – Parrhesia<\/a>)\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u671b\u6062\u5fa9 Ruyer \u4f5c\u70ba\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u61c9\u6709\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deleuze \u59cb\u7d42\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5fc5\u9808\u900f\u904e\u5b83\u6240\u5275\u9020\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u5c0d\u4e8b\u7269\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u5283\u5206\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u3002\u9019\u5c0d Raymond Ruyer \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4f86\u8aaa\u78ba\u5be6\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d\u3002Ruyer \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u8de8\u8d8a\u9019\u5169\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u65b0\u5340\u5225\u4f86\u4ee3\u66ff\u6709\u6a5f\u548c\u7121\u6a5f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u500b\u9ad4\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f ‘\u6469\u723e\u7d50\u69cb molar structures’\uff08\u805a\u5408\u6216\u8cea\u91cf\u73fe\u8c61\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225 (\u53c3\u898b Gilles Deleuze – \u201cThe Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque (1993)<\/em><\/a>\u201d: p 104)\u3002\u201c\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u548c\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u50b3\u905e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u904e\u5340\u5206\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u500b\u9ad4\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u7fa3\u9ad4\u6216\u7fa3\u9ad4\u73fe\u8c61\u3001\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6469\u723e\u5716\u5f62\u6216\u7d50\u69cb\u4f86\u8de8\u8d8a\u5169\u8005\u3002 \u201d( \u201cThe Genesis of Living Forms (2019)<\/em>\u201d pp 43, 44)\u3002\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u80da\u80ce\u548c\u5927\u8166\uff0c\u800c’\u6469\u723e\u7d50\u69cb molar structures’ \u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u500b\u9ad4\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96f2\u3001\u6c23\u9ad4\u3001\u4eba\u7fa3\u6216\u5730\u8cea\u69cb\u9020\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5dee\u7570\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u65b0\u5206\u4f48\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u79d1\u5b78\u5c07\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8655\u7406\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u800c\u50c5\u5f9e\u6469\u723e<\/a>\u6216\u7d71\u8a08\u65b9\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5c07\u88ab\u964d\u7d1a\u5230\u6b21\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0d Raymond Ruyer \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf Bergson \u548c Deleuze \u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5275\u9020\u4e00\u7a2e\u9069\u5408\u7576\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cRuyer \u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u50be\u5411\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u963b\u7919\u9019\u500b\u8a08\u756b\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5f9e\u8996\u89ba\u611f\u89ba\u6216\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\uff08\u6280\u8853\uff09\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff08\u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d\uff0cp 143\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u89c0\u5bdf observe\u201d \u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7269\u9ad4\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8996\u7db2\u819c\uff08\u6216\u7167\u76f8\u5e95\u7247\uff0c\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u8a2d\u5099\uff09\u662f\u5f9e\u8a72\u7269\u9ad4\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u649e\u64ca\u8ecc\u8de1\u3002\u4f46\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4e86\u89e3\u7269\u9ad4\u3002\u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u661f\u96f2\u3001\u5f69\u8679\u3001\u56fa\u9ad4\u91d1\u5c6c\u7403\u3001\u80a5\u7682\u6ce1\u6216\u975c\u6b62\u7684\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u8b8a\u5f62\u87f2\u7684\u5713\u5f62\u5916\u89c0\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b \u201c\u7d50\u5408 bonding\u201d \u7684\u5167\u90e8\u6a21\u5f0f\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u662f \u201c\u5c07\u79d1\u5b78\u89c0\u5bdf\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u9023\u7d50[\u806f\u7e6b]\u548c\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u201d\uff08 p 224\uff1b\u53c3\u898b p 104 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u66f4\u9670\u96aa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u900f\u904e\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6280\u8853\u88fd\u54c1\u7684\u68f1\u93e1\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u81ea\u7136\u3002 17 \u4e16\u7d00\u7684 \u201c\u6a5f\u68b0\u8ad6 mechanism\u201d \u900f\u904e\u8207\u624b\u9336\u3001\u69d3\u687f\u6216\u6ed1\u8f2a\u7b49\u6a5f\u68b0\u88dd\u7f6e\u7684 \u201c\u529f\u80fd functioning\u201d\uff08 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d pp 147-8 \uff09\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u8a34\u8af8\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6a5f\u5668\uff08\u96fb\u8166\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u5927\u8166\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u5fc3\u9748\u662f\u8edf\u9ad4\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u7d44\u4e2d\u904b\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u548c DNA \u7684\u767c\u73fe\u8207\u96fb\u8166\u540c\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\uff08\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6027\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u773e\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u8aaa\u67d0\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u662f \u201c\u907a\u50b3\u7684 genetic\u201d \u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5b83\u662f \u201c\u9810\u5148\u7de8\u7a0b\u7684 pre-programmed\u201d \u3002\u5c0d Raymond Ruyer \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u9a5a\u7684\u662f\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c \u201c\u69cb\u5efa\u584abuilding blocks\u201d \u6216 \u201c\u78da\u584a bricks\u201d \u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff08 p 141 \uff09\uff1a\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7528\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u78da\u584a\u5efa\u9020\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b87\u5b99\u53ca\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u540c\u6a23\u7531\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u69cb\u5efa\u584a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u7c92\u5b50\uff09\u5efa\u69cb\u800c\u6210 \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u6709\u6642\u4ecd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 \u201c\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u76f8\u4fe1\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u9084\u539f\u548c\u5206\u6790\u9810\u8a2d\uff08 p 155 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0d Raymond Ruyer \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5b87\u5b99\u89c0 \u2014\u2014 \u66f4\u9ad8\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u591a\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\u5f9e\u5e95\u5c64\uff08\u7269\u8cea\u3001\u6839\u5fb7\u3001\u6642\u7a7a\uff09\u201c\u51fa\u73fe emerge\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u56fa\u9ad4 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u518d\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u8173\uff08 p 141 \uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u63a5\u8fd1 Ruyer \u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0cDeleuze \u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u95dc\u65bc Spinoza \u7684\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa \uff0c\u5728\u7269\u8cea\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e09\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4f86\u78ba\u5b9a\u751a\u9ebc\u69cb\u6210\u4e86 \u201c\u6700\u7c21\u55ae simplest\u201d \u7684\u7269\u9ad4\uff1a\u6709\u9650\u7684 \u3001\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u548c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u7121\u9650\u3002\u81ea Epicurus \u548c Lucretius \u4ee5\u4f86\u555f\u767c\u539f\u5b50\u8ad6\u7684\u6709\u9650\u65b9\u6cd5\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5fc5\u7136\u9054\u5230\u6975\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u6975\u9650\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u7c92\u5b50\uff08\u69cb\u5efa\u584a\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5206\u6790\u63a8\u9032\u591a\u9060\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7e3d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u5e8f\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5283\u5206\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u9805 \u2014\u2014 \u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6700\u7d42\u6216\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u9805\uff08\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8ff4\u6b78\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u7121\u9650\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8207\u6709\u9650\u548c\u7121\u9650\u7684\u96d9\u91cd\u9b25\u722d\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u4e0d\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5805\u6301\u78ba\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5206\u5272\u7684\u7d42\u6975\u6216\u6700\u7d42\u9805\uff0c\u4f46\u53cd\u5c0d\u6709\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u7d42\u6975\u9805\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u7121\u9650\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u8b8a\u5176\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u5272\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 Spinoza \u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u4f86\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u584a\u78da\u982d\u6216\u4e00\u584a\u7a4d\u6728\u4e00\u6a23\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u7121\u9650\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u3002 ( \u201cSpinoza: The Velocities of Thought<\/em> \/ 12. March 10, 1981<\/em><\/a>\u201d )<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Raymond Ruyer \u5728 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e2d \u201c\u6700\u7c21\u55ae simplest\u201d \u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5728 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u90fd\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u65b7\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u9818\u57df\u6216\u591a\u91cd\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u7d04\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6027 \u2014\u2014 \u201c\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u201d\uff08 p 107 \uff09 \u2014\u2014 \u5176\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u5c0d\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7121\u7dad\u5ea6\u7684\u6216\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\uff08 p 94 \uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5176\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u672c\u5730\u5316\u7684\u806f\u7e6b[\u806f\u7d61]\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u91cd\u758a[\u56de\u6536]\u6216\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u5340\u57df\uff08 p 108 \uff09( \u201c\u00c9l\u00e9ments de Psycho-biologie<\/em>\u201d , p 23\uff1a\u81ea\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f \u201c\u591a\u7a2e\u5354\u8abf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7d71\u4e00\u201d )\u3002Ruyer \u5c07\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u8207\u6469\u723e\u7d50\u69cb\u5340\u5206\u958b\u4f86\uff0c\u6469\u723e\u7d50\u69cb\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u548c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7d44\u5408\u3002\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u80da\u80ce\u3001\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u6587\u5316\uff08\u5916\u5316\u6280\u8853\u548c\u7b26\u865f\u5316\uff09\u3002\u6469\u723e\u7d50\u69cb\u5305\u62ec\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u96f2\u6216\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8907\u5408\u7269\uff1b\u6c89\u7a4d\u77f3\u7070\u5ca9\u5730\u5c64\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u8edf\u9ad4\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u9ad4\uff08 p 143 \uff09\uff0c\u6216\u4eba\u985e\u7fa3\u9ad4\u662f\u500b\u9ad4\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff08 p 84 \uff09\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5dee\u7570\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u65b0\u5206\u4f48\uff1a\u521d\u7d1a\u79d1\u5b78\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u95dc\u6ce8\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u800c\u6b21\u7d1a\u79d1\u5b78\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ea\u5f9e\u6469\u723e\u6216\u7d71\u8a08\u65b9\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deleuze \u7a31 Raymond Ruyer \u70ba \u201cLeibniz \u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f Leibniz \u55ae\u5b50\u7684\u7e7c\u627f\u8005\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1 Ruyer \u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u800c \u201cNeofinalism<\/em>\u201d \u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790( Deleuze – \u201cThe Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque (1993)<\/em>\u201d\uff0cp 102\uff1b\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0 \u201cThe Two Roors\u201d \u5206\u6790\u4e86 Ruyer \u548c Leibniz \u7684\u95dc\u4fc2)\u3002\u4ee5\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u50c5\u50c5\u8aaa\u6c34\u300c \u7531\u300d\u5169\u500b\u6c2b\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u7d44\u6210\u300d\u662f\u4e0d\u5920\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5206\u5b50\u4ee5\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u5340\u57df\u70ba\u6a19\u8a8c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u539f\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u95dc\u4fc2\u6216\u9375\u8b8a\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u5b9a\u57df\uff08 p 156 \uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u500b\u6027\uff08 p 106 \uff09\u3002\u8ac7\u8ad6\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u7684\u9818\u57df\u5c31\u662f\u8ac7\u8ad6\u5167\u90e8\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002( Ruyer \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u500b\u9ad4\u5177\u6709\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u80fd\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u89e3\u9ad4\u6bd4\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u89e3\u9ad4\u66f4\u5287\u70c8\uff08 p 103 \uff09) \u3002 Ruyer \u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u91cd\u758a\u5340\u57df\u201d\uff0c\u5247 \u201c\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u5206\u5b50\u201d( p 108 )\u3002\u539f\u5b50\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u548c\u6d3b\u52d5\u9818\u57df\u4e26\u4e0d\u6bd4\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5c11\u3002Ruyer \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5df2\u7d93\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u4f5c\u7528\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u7269\u8cea\u539f\u5b50\uff08 p 161 \uff09\u3002 \u201c\u820a\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7d66\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u672c\u4f86\u7684\u6a23\u5b50 \uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u6c38\u4e45\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5834\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u201d ( p 148\u3002 \u5f15\u7528 R. J. Collingwood\uff0c \u201cThe Idea of Nature (1945)<\/em>\u201d<\/a>\uff0cp 146 ) \u3002\u5728\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f\u7528 Ruyer \u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u200b\u200b\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u529f\u80fd\uff1a \u201c\u539f\u5b50\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u7d44\u88dd\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u00a0\u5b83\u5728\u300c\u67d0\u7a2e\u9577\u671f\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u7bc0\u594f\u300d\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u300c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u300d\u201d\uff08 pp 147, 149 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83 \u201c\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u7d44\u88dd\u300d;\u5b83\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528 \uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u300c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u300d\u201d\uff08 p 147 \uff09\u3002Raymond Ruyer \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u7d30\u80de \u201c\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u5be9\u8996\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u524a\u5f31\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u5229\u65bc\u5176\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u500b\u6027\u201d\uff08 p 109 \uff09\u3002Ruyer \u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7d93\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u8b8a\u5f62\u87f2\u7b49\u55ae\u7d30\u80de\u52d5\u7269\u3002\u8b8a\u5f62\u87f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u5316\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u6c92\u6709\u6d88\u5316\u9053\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u6c92\u6709\u611f\u89ba\u5668\u5b98\u6216\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u6703\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9019\u4e9b\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u8b8a\u5f62\u87f2\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u5920\u9032\u884c\u300c\u7d71\u4e00\u300d\u7684\u884c\u70ba \u2014\u2014 \u81ea\u6211\u6307\u5c0e\u3001\u689d\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3001\u7fd2\u6163\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\u3001\u9069\u61c9\u3001\u672c\u80fd\u7fd2\u6163\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u8b8a\u5f62\u87f2\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\uff0c\u5373 \u201c\u521d\u7d1a\u901a\u9748\u8ad6 primary psychism<\/a>\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u8aaa\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002( \u201c\u00c9l\u00e9ments de Psycho-biologie<\/em>\u201d, pp 23-24)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7576 Raymond Ruyer \u601d\u8003\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff08\u6216\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u548c\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff1a \u201c\u751f\u547d\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d55\u5c0d\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u54f2\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u4fe1\u5f9e\u5316\u5b78\u5206\u5b50\u5230\u82bd\u5b62\u687f\u83cc\u7684\u6df1\u6df5\u6bd4\u5f9e\u82bd\u5b62\u687f\u83cc\u5230\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u6df1\u6df5\u66f4\u5927\u201d\uff08 p 154 \uff09\u3002Ruyer \u5728 1950 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5beb\u4f5c\u6642\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6 \u2014\u2014Bohr\u3001Jordan\u3001de Broglie\u3001Schr\u00f6dinger \u2014\u2014 \u5df2\u7d93\u5c0d\u751f\u547d\u554f\u984c\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1 Ruyer \u4ecd\u7136\u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u985e\u578b\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8457\u4f5c\u6301\u6279\u5224\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Schr\u00f6dinger \u7684\u7d93\u5178\u8457\u4f5c What is Life<\/a>?<\/em> ( pp 158-62 ) \u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0cRuyer \u6307\u51fa\uff0cSchr\u00f6dinger \u7684\u5ee3\u7fa9\u5206\u5b50\u7406\u8ad6\u8207 Alfred N Whitehead \u770b\u4f3c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5ee3\u7fa9\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7406\u8ad6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u5805\u6301\u500b\u9ad4\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\uff08 p 156 \uff09\u3002\u78ba\u8a8d\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u662f\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u78ba\u8a8d\u5206\u5b50\u662f\u5fae\u751f\u7269 \u2014\u2014 \u6216\u8005\u66f4\u78ba\u5207\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u4e5f\u8a31 Raymond Ruyer \u5728 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u5177\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u984c\u70ba \u201cThe Brain and the Embryo\u201d\uff08 pp 45-67 \uff09\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f Ruyer \u7684\u5206\u6790\u901a\u904e\u6709\u9ede\u4e0d\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u6280\u8853\u68f1\u93e1\u4f86\u63a5\u8fd1\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u7684\u9019\u5169\u500b\u9818\u57df\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u722d\u8ad6 \u2014\u2014 \u4f8b\u5982 Leroi-Gourhan ( pp 20-21) \u2014\u2014 \u6280\u8853\u5c0d\u50cf\u662f \u201c\u5047\u9ad4 prosthetic\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u6216\u5668\u5b98\u7684 \u201c\u5916\u5316 externalizations\u201d\u3002\u9318\u5b50\u5c07\u524d\u81c2\u548c\u62f3\u982d\u7528\u6728\u982d\u548c\u9435\u88fd\u6210\uff1b\u8863\u670d\u4f7f\u76ae\u819a\u5916\u5316\uff1b\u5b30\u5152\u5976\u74f6\u5c07\u6bcd\u89aa\u7684\u4e73\u623f\u5916\u5316\uff1b\u5eda\u623f\u7210\u7076\u4f7f\u80c3\u5916\u5316\uff1b\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u9019\u7a2e\u5916\u5316\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u689d\u4ef6\u8207\u4eba\u9ad4\u7684\u5f62\u614b\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u7528 Deleuze \u7684\u8a71\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u63a1\u53d6\u76f4\u7acb\u59ff\u52e2\uff08\u96d9\u8db3\u884c\u8d70\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5169\u500b\u5668\u5b98\u8b8a\u5f97 \u201c\u89e3\u57df\u5316 deterritorialized\u201d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u524d\u722a\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u904b\u52d5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u624b\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5177\u6709\u7d9c\u5408\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u505a\u6bd4\u7c21\u55ae\u884c\u8d70\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff08\u6293\u63e1\u3001\u6572\u64ca\u3001\u65cb\u8f49\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5634\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6293\u53d6\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u624b\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b83\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u624b\u548c\u5634\u88ab\u53bb\u7586\u57df\u5316\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u540c\u6642\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u4e0a\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u7586\u57df\u5316\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08\u5c0d\u65bc\u5634\uff09\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u88fd\u9020\uff08\u5c0d\u65bc\u624b\uff09\u3002\u8ce6\u4e88\u4eba\u985e\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5927\u8166\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u6c92\u6709\u6703\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u5634\u6216\u6703\u505a\u4e8b\u7684\u624b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5927\u8166\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u6703\u5c11\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u78ba\u5be6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u52d5\u7269\u7269\u7a2e\u4e5f\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5916\u5316\u6280\u8853 \u2014\u2014 \u8718\u86db\u7e54\u7db2\u3001\u6d77\u72f8\u7bc9\u58e9\u3001\u9ce5\u985e\u7bc9\u5de2 \u2014\u2014 \u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6280\u8853\u6d3b\u52d5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u76f4\u63a5\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u5ef6\u4f38\u8868\u578b\u00a0 extended phenotype\u201d \u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u6210 ( Richard Dawkins – \u201cThe Extended Phenotype: The Long Reach of the Gene (1982)<\/em><\/a>\u201d)\u3002 \u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7279\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u5916\u5728\u5668\u5b98\u8b8a\u5f97\u53ef\u62c6\u5378\u3001\u53ef\u79fb\u52d5\u3001\u8207\u8eab\u9ad4\u5206\u96e2\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9032\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9032\u5316\u53f2\u3002\u5f9e\u67d0\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u8aaa\uff0c\u9032\u5316\u662f\u5206\u53c9\u7684\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u662f\u7d93\u904e\u6578\u5343\u5e74\u6975\u5176\u7de9\u6162\u7684\u9032\u5316\u800c\u5851\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5916\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u88fd\u54c1\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u88fd\u54c1\u9023\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u8eab\u9ad4\u6b63\u4ee5\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u9032\u5316\u3002\u4f46 Raymond Ruyer \u5c07\u9019\u8ad6\u8ff0\u63a8\u5411\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5728\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u9ad8\u7b49\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d88\u5316\u548c\u601d\u7dad\u7b49 \u201c\u529f\u80fd functions\u201d \u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u80c3\u548c\u5927\u8166\u7b49\u7279\u5b9a\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u660e\u986f \u2014\u2014 \u6b63\u5982\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u8b8a\u5f62\u87f2\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6240\u793a\u2014\u2014 \u9019\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c08\u9580\u7684\u5668\u5b98 ( \u9019\u500b\u8ad6\u9ede\u540c\u6a23\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u690d\u7269\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u53c3\u898b Stefano Mancuso, Alessandra Viola – \u201cBrilliant Green: The Surprising History and Science of Plant Intelligence (2015)<\/em><\/a>\u201d \u3002\u690d\u7269\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u500b\u9ad4\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5373\u4f7f\u690d\u7269\u88ab\u5207\u6210\u5169\u534a\uff0c\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7368\u7acb\u751f\u6d3b\uff08 p 36 \uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u690d\u7269\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5176\u751f\u547d\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u5668\u5b98\u4e2d\uff08 \u201c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u7528\u773c\u775b\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u5473\u857e\u5c31\u80fd\u5690\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u9f3b\u5b50\u5c31\u80fd\u805e\u5230\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u7528\u80c3\u5c31\u80fd\u6d88\u5316\uff0c\u201d p 73 \uff09)\u3002Ruyer \u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u8eab\u9ad4\u5668\u5b98\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u6280\u8853\u4eba\u5de5\u88fd\u54c1\uff1b\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5c08\u9580 \u201c\u5de5\u5177 tools\u201d\u3002Ruyer \u56e0\u6b64\u5340\u5206\u4e86\u6280\u8853\u6027\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a\u8eab\u9ad4\u5668\u5b98\u4f5c\u70ba\u539f\u59cb\u6280\u8853\u6027\uff1b\u4f5c\u70ba\u64f4\u5c55\u8868\u578b\u7684\u5916\u5316\u5668\u5b98\uff08\u7db2\u3001\u6c34\u58e9\u3001\u5de2\uff09\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u9032\u5165\u8eab\u9ad4\u5916\u90e8\u96fb\u8def\u7684\u53ef\u62c6\u5378\u5de5\u4ef6\u3002 \u201c\u6709\u6a5f\u69cb\u6210\u3001\u672c\u80fd\u5916\u5728\u8ff4\u8def\u8207\u667a\u6167\u5916\u5728\u8ff4\u8def\u201d\uff08 p 33\uff1b\u53c3\u898b p 20 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raymond Ruyer \u5f9e\u9019\u9805\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u3002\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u7684\u6a19\u984c\u3002Ruyer \u4e0d\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u7684 \u201c\u6700\u7d42\u8ad6\u8005 finalist\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5047\u5b9a\u6574\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u6216\u6574\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u90fd\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u8ad6\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u634d\u885b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e \u201c\u65b0\u6700\u7d42\u4e3b\u7fa9 neofinalism\u201d \uff0c\u6beb\u7121\u722d\u8b70\u5730\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5047\u8a2d\u59cb\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u88fd\u9020\u6280\u8853\u88fd\u54c1\u6642\u4ee5\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u884c\u4e8b\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5728\u88fd\u9020\u70f9\u98ea\u7528\u5177\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u7d42\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u9019\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u4e3b\u984c\u6216\u611f\u89ba\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u9b6f\u8036\u518d\u6b21\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u5c0d\u65bc\u667a\u80fd\u884c\u70ba\u4f86\u8aaa\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5c0d\u65bc\u672c\u80fd\u884c\u70ba\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u6b63\u78ba\u3002 \u201c\u5728\u70f9\u98ea\u5668\u5177\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u627f\u8a8d\u6700\u7d42\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5426\u8a8d\u651d\u53d6\u3001\u6d88\u5316\u548c\u540c\u5316\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u201d \uff08 p 19 \uff09\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u610f\u8b58\u3001\u5927\u8166\u6216\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u58df\u65b7\u8a18\u61b6\u3001\u7fd2\u6163\u3001\u767c\u660e\u6216\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u6d3b\u52d5\uff08 p 37 \uff09\u3002\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u4e0b\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5617\u8a66\u88fd\u9020\u4eba\u9020\u5927\u8166\u6216\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5176\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6703\u8d85\u904e\u4eba\u985e\u667a\u6167\uff08\u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u5947\u9ede singularity<\/a>\u201d \uff0cRay Kurzweil – \u201cThe Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology (New York: Penguin, 2005)<\/em><\/a>\u201d\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u985e\u80da\u80ce\u90fd\u5df2\u7d93\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u88fd\u9020\u4eba\u8166\u3001\u80c3\u3001\u80ba\u3001\u814e\u81df\u548c\u5faa\u74b0\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u7528\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u80da\u80ce\u64c1\u6709\u8d85\u8d8a\u5927\u8166\u7684\u77e5\u8b58 \u2014\u2014 \u800c\u4e14\u5927\u8166\u662f\u80da\u80ce\u672c\u8eab\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c Ruyer \u6709\u6642\u5c07\u80da\u80ce\u7a31\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684 \u201c\u521d\u7d1a\u6709\u6a5f\u610f\u8b58 primary organic consciousness\u201d \uff08 pp 38\u300143-44\u300172\u300174\u3001100 \uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u53ca\u5176\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u5275\u9020\u662f\u80da\u80ce\u7684 \u201c\u65b0\u6700\u7d42\u4e3b\u7fa9 neofinalism\u201d \u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6280\u8853\u88fd\u54c1\u7684\u5275\u9020\u662f\u5927\u8166\u7684\u65b0\u6c7a\u8cfd\u5275\u9020 \uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u610f\u8b58 secondary consciousness\u201d \uff08 pp 73-4, 94, 98-99, 215 \uff09\u3002\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u5728\u5927\u8166\u7684\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u4e2d\u5ef6\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u9019\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u80da\u80ce\u548c\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6240\u6709\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff1a\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u3001\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u5340\u57df\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u300a\u610f\u8b58\u8207\u8eab\u9ad4\uff08\u201cLa conscience et le corps<\/em>\uff0c1937\uff09\u201d\u300b\uff08Jon Roffe\uff0cIntroduction to the Philosophy of Raymond Ruyer<\/a>\uff09\u4e2d\uff0cRaymond Ruyer \u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u610f\u8b58\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u5728\u65b0\u6700\u7d42\u4e3b\u7fa9\u95dc\u65bc \u201c\u89c0\u6e2c\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u9818\u57df Absolute Domains of Survey\u201d \u7684\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u4e2d\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u9802\u5cf0\uff08 pp 90 -103 \uff09\uff0c\u9019\u7121\u7591\u662f\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u7ae0\u7bc0\u3002Ruyer \u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u662f\u7531\u610f\u8b58\u201c\u89c0\u6e2c surveyed\u201d \u7684\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u9700\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u96e2\u5b83\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff08 p 97 \uff09\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u6a5f\u5668\u7684\u90e8\u4ef6\u90a3\u6a23\u900f\u904e\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u76f8\u4e92\u806f\u7e6b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u900f\u904e\u7d55\u5c0d\u6642\u9593\u8abf\u67e5\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\u89c0\u6e2c\u7684\u5373\u6642\u6027\u4f86\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u88dc\u5145\u7dad\u5ea6\uff08 p 100 \uff09 \u3002\u54f2\u5b78\u901a\u5e38\u8a8d\u70ba\u610f\u8b58\u662f\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d Ruyer \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u610f\u8b58\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5b9a\u4f4d\u50b5\u5238\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff08 p 107 \uff09\u3002Ruyer \u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5 \u201c\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u89e3\u6c7a\u610f\u8b58\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u89e3\u6c7a\u751f\u547d\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u201d\uff08 p 94 \uff09\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6beb\u4e0d\u8a87\u5f35\u5730\u8aaa\uff0cRuyer \u767c\u5c55\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u662f\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u54f2\u5b78\u4e2d\u6700\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4ed4\u7d30\u7814\u7a76\u3002Deleuze \u548c Guattari \u5728 \u201cWhat is Philosophy? (1991)<\/em>\u201d \uff0c\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u5448\u73fe\u70ba Ruyer \u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u70ba\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u5011\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5c07 Raymond Ruyer \u5728 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u6cdb\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff08\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u610f\u8b58\uff09\u6216\u6cdb\u751f\u547d\u8ad6\uff08\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u751f\u547d\uff09\u3002Ruyer \u672c\u4eba\u6709\u6642\u6703\u8a34\u8af8\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u7a31\u80da\u80ce\u70ba\u521d\u7d1a\u610f\u8b58\u6642\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u6642\uff0cRuyer \u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u966a\u4f34\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5df2\u7d93\u5c07\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u6216\u751f\u547d\u4f5c\u70ba\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5c0d Ruyer \u7522\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u7684 Whitehead<\/a>,\uff08 cf: daniel w. smith – \u201craymond ruyer and the metaphysics of absolute forms<\/em>\u201d & Ronald Bogue – \u201cThinking with Deleuze(2019)<\/em>\u201d & Paul Arthur Schilpp (editor) – \u201cThe Philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead (1951)<\/em><\/a>\u201d \u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u50c5\u6b21\u65bc Samuel Butler<\/a>\u3002 cf: Raymond Ruyer – \u201cCybernetics and the Origin of Information (Groundworks) (2023)<\/em>\u201d<\/a> & \u201cThe Mystery of Reproduction and the Limits of Automatism<\/em>\u201d \uff09\u7a31\u4ed6\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u54f2\u5b78\u70ba \u201c\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u54f2\u5b78<\/a>\u201d\uff0c\u800c Deleuze \u5728\u8ac7\u5230 \u201c\u975e\u6709\u6a5f\u751f\u547d non-organic life\u201d \u6642\u5247\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u751f\u6a5f\u8ad6\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86 Ruyer \u601d\u60f3\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6fc0\u9032\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c \u201c\u60f3\u50cf\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u9019\u986f\u7136\u662f\u8352\u8b2c\u7684\u201d ( p 110 )\u3002\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u662f\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\uff0cRuyer \u66f4\u6df1\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u201c\u5f62\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5967\u79d8\u201d \uff08 p 110 \uff09\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u500b\u6027\u6216\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u6211\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u6301\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u4e26\u91cd\u5efa\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u6b63\u5982 Ruyer \u672c\u4eba\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8981\u9ede \u201c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c07\u539f\u5b50\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u7269\u7406\u500b\u9ad4\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u548c\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u793a\u610f\u5171\u540c\u9ede\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u548c\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u9818\u57df\u201d \uff08 p 162 \uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cRuyer \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4e00\u7a2e\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u9019\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u53c8\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5c0d\u5404\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u81ea\u7136\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53d7 Auguste Comte \u7684\u555f\u767c\uff0c\u5b83\u5ee2\u9664\u4e86\u904e\u6642\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u9858\u666f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5047\u8a2d\u5404\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u7b49\u7d1a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5316\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b78\u3002Raymond Ruyer \u5728\u5176\u65e9\u671f\u8457\u4f5c \u201cElements de Psycho-Biologie\uff081946\uff09<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u500b\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u7dda\u3002\u5728 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\uff0cRuyer \u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u5b87\u5b99\u7684 \u201c\u7e96\u7dad fibrous\u201d \u6982\u5ff5( pp 140-153 )\uff0c\u5b83\u9075\u5faa\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u548c\u610f\u8b58\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u6027 (\u53c3\u898b \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \uff0c p 142\uff1a \u201c\u81ea\u5f9e\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5c07\u5b87\u5b99\uff08\u500b\u9ad4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u5b87\u5b99\uff09\u8868\u793a\u70ba\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u758a\u52a0\u7684\u5c64\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u5c64\u627f\u8f09\u8457\u5176\u4ed6\u5c64\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u8b8a\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e86\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u5728\u6642\u9593\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u7e96\u7dad\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u6839\u7e96\u7dad\u4ee3\u8868\u500b\u9ad4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u7dda\u3002\u201d)\u3002Ruyer \u6240\u8a2d\u60f3\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u5b87\u5b99\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u4f55\u6cbf\u8457\u9019\u4e9b\u9023\u7e8c\u7dda\u5340\u5206\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002Ruyer \u9593\u63a5\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u5728 \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u8ffd\u6c42\u9019\u500b\u4ecd\u8655\u65bc\u65b0\u751f\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002 \u201c\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u6700\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5340\u5225\u4e26\u4e0d\u6e90\u65bc\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u7684\u77ac\u6642\u6027\u6216\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6e90\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u6027\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\u201d \uff08 p 149 \uff09\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u66f8\u5beb\u6280\u8853\u7684\u767c\u660e\u662f\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u5916\u5316\uff1a\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5f9e\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u662f\u96fb\u8166\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u5927\u8166\u4e2d ( \u53c3\u95b1Walter J. Ong – \u201cOrality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word(2012)<\/em><\/a>\u201d )\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u6a5f\u8a18\u61b6[\u907a\u50b3\u5b78]\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7121\u6578\u500b\u9ad4\u4e2d\u8f49\u4e16\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6f5b\u529b\u201d\uff08 p 149 \uff09\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8907\u88fd\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u7368\u7279\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6d3b\u52d5\u9032\u5165\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u534a\u5be6\u9ad4\u5316\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u751f\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u662f \u201c\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53ef\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u201d\uff08 pp 151-2 \uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c \u201c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u5fc5\u518d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u201d\uff08 p 152\uff09\u3002\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u9019\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5340\u5206\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u662f Ruyer \u7559\u7d66\u5f8c\u4f86\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u5728\u9032\u884c\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u5177\u9ad4\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5011\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0cRaymond Ruyer \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u57fa\u65bc\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u6469\u723e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\u7684\u591a\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u65b0\u5206\u4f48\u3002\u5c0d Ruyer \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9023\u63a5\u539f\u5b50\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u80da\u80ce\u548c\u5927\u8166\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u7e96\u7dad\u7dda\u5b8c\u5168\u662f \u201c\u5206\u5b50 molecular\u201d \u7684\uff08\u8aa0\u7136\uff0cRuyer \u7d66\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5927\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5fae\u89c0\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u9060\u6bd4\u80a5\u7682\u6ce1\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\uff08 p 106 \uff09\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u50b3\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u6d89\u53ca\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6b21\u8981\u548c\u7d71\u8a08\u6469\u723e\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u7a7a\u4e2d\u89c0\u770b\u793a\u5a01\u671f\u9593\u4e00\u5927\u7fa3\u4eba\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u79fb\u52d5 \uff0c\u900f\u904e\u8857\u9053\u548c\u969c\u7919\u7269\u8abf\u6574\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u5c07\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6d41\u9ad4\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb \uff0c\u4f46\u7fa3\u9ad4\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u6469\u723e\u548c\u7d71\u8a08\u7279\u6027\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u660e\u500b\u5225\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u7b49\u52e2\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6c89\u7a4d\u77f3\u7070\u5ca9\u5730\u5c64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u6839\u64da\u5176\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5730\u8cea\u7279\u6027\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u8207\u7d44\u6210\u5b83\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u8edf\u9ad4\u52d5\u7269\u6df7\u6dc6\uff08 p 143 \uff09\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u50b3\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u5728\u65bc \u201c\u5b83\u5011\u975e\u6cd5\u5730\u5f9e\u300c\u6469\u723e\u300d\u548c\u7d71\u8a08\u7279\u6027\u8f49\u5411\u4e86\u500b\u9ad4\u7279\u6027\u201d \uff08 p 143 \uff09\u3002Ruyer \u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u5c07\u662f\u5c55\u793a\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u512a\u5148\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b78\u9075\u5faa\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\u7e96\u7dad\u7dda\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b78\uff08\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u4e9e\u539f\u5b50\u73fe\u5be6\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u548c\u80da\u80ce\u5b78\uff08\u91dd\u5c0d\u55ae\u7d30\u80de\u548c\u591a\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u7269\uff09\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\uff08\u610f\u8b58\uff09\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\uff08\u6587\u5316\uff09\u3002\u6b21\u7d1a\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fc4\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u7279\u6b0a\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ea\u5f9e\u6469\u723e\u6216\u7d71\u8a08\u65b9\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7d93\u5178\u7269\u7406\u5b78\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u71b1\u529b\u5b78\uff09\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b78\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u795e\u7d93\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u7fa3\u9ad4\u751f\u7269\u5b78\uff08\u751f\u547d\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u548c\u53e4\u5178\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\uff08 \u7fa3\u9ad4\u73fe\u8c61\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c Raymond Ruyer \u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6700\u7d42\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u6cdb\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6216\u6cdb\u751f\u547d\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6cdb\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u5fb5\u6240\u4f9d\u64da\u7684\u7269\u8cea-\u751f\u547d-\u610f\u8b58\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\u9019\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u79d1\u5b78\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6240\u8b02\u7684 \u201c\u6c11\u9593\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78 folk metaphysics\u201d \u4e86 ( cf: Jan Kajfosz – \u201cMagic, categorization and folk metaphysics. Towards cognitive theory of magic<\/em>\u201d \u3002\u7269\u8cea\u3001\u751f\u547d\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u200b\u200b\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u9084\u539f\u70ba\u5c0d\u65b9 \uff1b\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u6642\u7a7a\u7684\u53c8\u662f\u8de8\u6642\u7a7a\u7684\uff08 p 249 \uff09\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u548c\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5206\u754c\u7dda\u4e0d\u518d\u53ef\u5283\u5b9a\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u5fc3\u9748\u548c\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u7d55\u5c0d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u9032\u5165\u7684\u6469\u723e\u805a\u96c6\u9ad4 (\u6469\u723e\u805a\u96c6\u9ad4\u6d89\u53ca\u5fc5\u7136\u767c\u751f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u9593\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u9ede\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u805a\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u884c\u70ba)\u3002 \u7d55\u5c0d\u89c0\u6e2c\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u9818\u57df\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u8de8\u7a7a\u9593\u8a18\u61b6\u4e3b\u984c\u7684 \u201c\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78 \u2018\u7dad\u5ea6\u2019 \u201d\uff0c\u5b83 \u201c\u8207\u6642\u7a7a\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u7dad\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u201d\uff08 p 249 \uff09\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u624d\u662f Ruyer \u5c0d\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u6839\u672c\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5beb\u65bc\u516d\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\uff0c \u201cNeofinalism (N\u00e9o-Finalisme)<\/em>\u201d \u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u8457\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u8a71\u984c\u6027\u548c\u5373\u6642\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u4eca\u9bae\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46 Raymond Ruyer \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d Deleuze \u3001Guattari \u548c \u00a0Gilbert Simondon \u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u88ab\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f Ruyer \u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u7684 Neofinalism \u8b6f\u672c\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u82f1\u8a9e\u8b80\u8005\u7d42\u65bc\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9019\u4f4d\u958b\u5275\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u3002 Raymond Ruyer \u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u54f2\u5b78\u7d42\u7d50\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u6240\u56f0\u64fe\uff0c\u4ed6\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u3001\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u5206\u985e\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u65b0\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u53cd\u601d\u5176\u7d93\u5178\u554f\u984c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5b58\u5728\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u751f\u547d\u8ca0\u8cac\uff1f\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u81ea\u7531\u600e\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f \u65b0\u6700\u7d42\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u7684\u3001\u8ad6\u8b49\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u5b83\u904b\u7528\u81ea\u6211\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u7d55\u5c0d\u8868\u9762\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u5851\u9020\u865b\u64ec\u548c\u8de8\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u5730\u547c\u7c72\u4eba\u5011\u91cd\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b58\u7d44\u7e54\u6642\u7a7a\u7d50\u69cb\u4e26\u4f7f\u771f\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u52d5\u614b\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5275\u9020\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002 xxxxxxxxxx 1974\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 Raymond Ruyer\uff081902-1987\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u540d\u70ba \u201cLa Gnose de Princeton : des savants \u00e0 la recherche d’une religion (\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u9748\u77e5\uff1a\u5c0b\u627e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5b78\u8005) \u201d\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u8a72\u66f8\u65e8\u5728\u5c55\u793a 20 \u4e16\u7d00 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\u548c … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9327","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2qr","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9327","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9327"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9327\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9328,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9327\/revisions\/9328"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9327"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9327"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9327"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}