{"id":9406,"date":"2025-03-21T03:43:01","date_gmt":"2025-03-21T03:43:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9406"},"modified":"2025-03-21T03:49:42","modified_gmt":"2025-03-21T03:49:42","slug":"bitstreams-the-future-of-digital-literary-heritage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2025\/03\/21\/bitstreams-the-future-of-digital-literary-heritage\/","title":{"rendered":"Bitstreams: The Future of Digital Literary Heritage"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Matthew G. Kirschenbaum \u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u5982\u4eca\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684\u554f\u984c\u300c\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u6578\u4f4d\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u82f1\u8a9e\u7cfb\u4e2d\u8d77\u751a\u9ebc\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f\u300d\uff08\u2018What is Digital Humanities and what\u2019s it doing in English departments?(2010)<\/a><\/em>\u2019 \uff09\u3002Kirschenbaum \u7684\u8077\u696d\u751f\u6daf\u90fd\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u6587\u672c\u3001\u6578\u5b57\u548c\u6a94\u6848\u7684\u4ea4\u532f\u9ede\uff0c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u662f\u4ed6 2008 \u5e74\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1 \u201cMechanisms: New Media and the Forensic Imagination<\/a><\/em>\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u5c08\u8457 \u201cTrack Changes<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u6578\u4f4d\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8655\u7406\u8edf\u9ad4\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8457\u4f5c \u201cBitstreams: The Future of Digital Literary Heritage<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u662f\u4ed6\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5beb\u4f5c\u7684\u5dd4\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c55\u671b\u4e86\u5728\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u6578\u4f4d\u6587\u5b78\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u3002 Bitstreams<\/em> \u5c0d\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u5728\u82f1\u8a9e\u90e8\u9580\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u9019\u4e00\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u6587\u672c\u5b78\u8853\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002\u5177\u9ad4\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u554f\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u8a08\u7b97\u4e16\u754c<\/a> computational world<\/a> \u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u6587\u5b78\u6587\u672c\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5275\u4f5c\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u548c\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u907a\u5b58\uff09\u88ab\u7c21\u5316\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u6578\u64da\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 bitstreams\u201d ( p ix )\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u4f55\u5728\uff1f Kirschenbaum \u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u51fa\u6578\u5b57\u5316\u8207\u6587\u672c\u6709\u4f55\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u53cd\u554f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u554f\uff0c\u9451\u65bc\u6578\u5b57\u5316\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u8655\u7406\u6587\u672c\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

xxxxxxxxx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u7576\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u7522\u6642\uff0c\u50c5\u50c5\u95dc\u6ce8\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u5920\u4e86\u3002\u8207\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8ad6\u8f49\u5411\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u984c \u2014\u2014 \u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/a>\u3001\u5f8c\u4eba\u985e\u4e3b\u7fa9 <\/a>\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\uff08\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8aaa\u76ee\u524d\u4e0d\u90a3\u9ebc\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u7db2\u7d61\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u601d\u8fa8\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff09\u2014\u2014 \u7684\u6d41\u884c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u95dc\u6ce8\u7269\u8cea\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u8457\u8ff7\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u652f\u6301\u548c\u5f71\u97ff\u6587\u5b78\u5275\u4f5c\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u4f46\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u6280\u8853\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5982\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u6240\u986f\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u6587\u5b78\u4e5f\u662f\u6280\u8853\u7684\u3002\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5c07\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u6587\u5b78\u5275\u4f5c\u3001\u6279\u8a55\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff1f\u5c0d Matthew Kirschenbaum \u7684 \u201cBitstreams: The Future of Digital Literary Heritage<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u6578\u4f4d\u5a92\u9ad4\u6642\u4ee3\u6587\u5b78\u3001\u6a94\u6848\u548c\u66f8\u76ee\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u554f\u984c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Kirschenbaum \u4ee5\u5176\u65e9\u671f\u8457\u4f5c \u201cMechanisms: New Media and the Forensic Imagination<\/em>\uff082008\uff09\u201d \u800c\u805e\u540d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u6578\u4f4d\u6587\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u9032\u884c\u958b\u5275\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002Kirschenbaum \u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u6578\u5b57\u9818\u57df\u7684 \u201c\u5be6\u969b\u4e8b\u5be6 actual facts\u201d\uff0c\u5979\u53c3\u8003\u4e86 Virginia Woolf\u5728\u5176 1938 \u5e74\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1 \u201cThree Guineas<\/em>\u201d \u4e2d\u5c0d \u201c\u5be6\u969b\u4e8b\u5be6\u201d \u7684\u547c\u7c72\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6587\u5b78\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u6d89\u53ca\u96fb\u8166\u3001\u591a\u5a92\u9ad4\u5206\u767c\u548c\u591a\u6a23\u5316\u7684\u5a92\u9ad4\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5370\u5237\u548c\u6578\u4f4d\u7269\u4ef6\u900f\u904e\u8a08\u7b97\u4e2d\u7a31\u70ba\u300c \u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 Bitstreams<\/em>\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u4e92\u6df7\u5408\u3002 \u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u300d\u901a\u5e38\u6307 \u201c\u7528\u65bc\u5132\u5b58\u6216\u50b3\u8f38\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u7684\u4f4d\u5143\u5e8f\u5217\u201d \uff08 p ix \uff09\u3002\u4f4d\u5143\u662f\u300c\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u6578\u5b57\u300d\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 1 \u548c 0 \u7684\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u5e8f\u5217\u69cb\u6210\u6240\u6709\u6578\u5b57\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002Kirschenbaum \u7684\u66f8\u8a66\u5716\u63a2\u7d22\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u7684 \u201c\u7121\u9650\u591a\u200b\u200b\u6a23\u5316\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u6578\u4f4d\u5132\u5b58\u4e16\u754c\u201d\uff08 p 11 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matthew Kirschenbaum \u5728 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4e2d\u9806\u61c9\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u6558\u8ff0\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5a92\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u9032\u884c\u7684 \u201c\u7269\u8cea\u8f49\u5411 material turn\u201d \u4e4b\u4e2d\uff08 p xi \uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5c0d\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u7522\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u50c5\u53d7\u5230\u6587\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u66f8\u76ee\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u5a92\u9ad4\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u3001\u8edf\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5e73\u53f0\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u8d77\u6e90\u65bc Matthew Kirschenbaum \u65bc 2016 \u5e74\u5728 Pennsylvania \u5dde\u5927\u5b78 A. S. W. Rosenbach \u66f8\u76ee\u8b1b\u5ea7<\/a>\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u4e09\u5834\u6f14\u8b1b\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u662f\u6a94\u6848\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u548c\u66f8\u7c4d\u3002\u6240\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u90fd\u7d93\u904e\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u5beb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4e2d\u3002Kirschenbaum \u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u66f8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u3001\u4ecb\u7d39\u548c\u5c3e\u8072 \u3002\u5f8c\u5169\u8655\u65e8\u5728\u900f\u904e\u627f\u8a8d 2020 \u5e74\u7684\u53cd\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53db\u4e82\u548c\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5f4c\u5408\u672c\u66f8\u8207Pennsylvania \u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6700\u521d\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matthew Kirschenbaum \u5c07 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\u5176 2008 \u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u66f8 \u201cMechanisms: New Media and the Forensic Imagination<\/em>\uff082008\uff09\u201d \u7684\u7e8c\u96c6\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5ef6\u7e8c\u4e86\u5f8c\u8005\u5c0d\u4ed6\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u6cd5\u91ab\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u7684\u7cfe\u7e8f\u6548\u61c9\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5176\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u7e7c\u627f\u8005\u662f\u4ed6 2014 \u5e74\u7684\u8ad6\u6587 \u201cOperating Systems of the Mind- Bibliography After Word Processing (the Example of Updike<\/a>)<\/em>\u201d\uff0c\u8a72\u8ad6\u6587\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u66f8\u76ee\u5b78\u6703\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u767c\u8868\u7684\u3002Kirschenbaum \u9075\u5faa\u4e86  W. W. Greg \u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5c07\u66f8\u76ee\u7814\u7a76\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u5c0d\u66f8\u7c4d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u5176\u6587\u5b78\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c0d\u5176\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u9593\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u69cb\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u54ea\u88cf\u69cb\u9020\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f8\u7c4d\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u50b3\u64ad\u6642\u9084\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u900f\u904e\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u300d\uff0cMatthew Kirschenbaum \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u6a94\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u66f8\u76ee\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u672a\u4f86\u6d89\u53ca\u6578\u4f4d\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u7522 \u201c\u5fc5\u9808\u8003\u616e\u5230\u78c1\u6027\u5132\u5b58\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u8edf\u9ad4\u548c\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5c6c\u6027\uff1b\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u57f9\u80b2\u4e00\u5957\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5e02\u5834\u50f9\u503c\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u78ba\u4fdd\u786c\u789f\u548c USB \u8a18\u61b6\u68d2\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u6642\u9593\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u5f8c\u80fd\u5920\u6301\u4e45\u751f\u5b58\u201d \uff08 p 13 \uff09\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6578\u4f4d\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u5fc5\u9808\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u53ca\u5176\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u8a8d\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0cMatthew Kirschenbaum \u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u70ba\u5728\u66f8\u76ee\u3001\u6a94\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u6587\u5b78\u6279\u8a55\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u300d\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u63d0\u51fa\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6307\u5c0e\u539f\u5247\uff1a\u990a\u6210 \u201c\u601d\u8003\u7fd2\u6163 habits of mind\u201d \u3002 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d Kirschenbaum \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u500b\u6d89\u53ca\u8a2a\u554f\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\u5c0d\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 \u300d\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u7bc4\u570d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 (Archives Without Dust) \u8a0e\u8ad6\u6578\u4f4d\u4ee3\u5b55\u548c\u8a2a\u554f\u6b0a\u3002\u5728 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u6700\u9069\u5408\u4f5c\u70ba\u6a94\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002Matthew Kirschenbaum \u6b63\u5728\u6aa2\u8996\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u73cd\u672c\u53ca\u7279\u85cf\u90e8\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684 Toni Morrison \u5728 1987 \u5e74\u5c0f\u8aaa\u300aBeloved<\/a> \u5bf5\u5152<\/a>\u300b\u7684\u591a\u7a2e\u7269\u8cea\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6b77\u53f2\u8edf\u76e4\u8349\u7a3f\uff1a\u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e86\u5f9e\u8edf\u76e4\u4e0a\u7684 Microsoft Word \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8349\u7a3f\uff0c\u5230\u624b\u7a3f\u3001\u706b\u71d2\u9ed1\u7684\u6253\u5b57\u7a3f\u4ee5\u53ca\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78 Firestone \u5716\u66f8\u9928<\/a>\u6a94\u6848\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7d19\u8cea\u526f\u672c\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f8c\u8005\u672c\u8eab\u4ee5\u6578\u5b57\u9801\u9762\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u56db\u500b\u78c1\u789f\u4e0a\u7684\u8207\u300aBeloved<\/a> \u5bf5\u5152<\/a>\u300b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684 Microsoft Word \u6587\u4ef6\u8207\u6536\u85cf\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u300aBeloved<\/a> \u5bf5\u5152<\/a>\u300b\u624b\u7a3f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u201cWord \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u5426\u5728\u786c\u62f7\u8c9d\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u9801\u9762\u6383\u63cf\u4e2d\u91cd\u8907\u201d \u6216 \u201c\u6062\u5fa9\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4ee3\u8868\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7368\u7279\u72c0\u614b\u201d \u6216\u5275\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\uff08 p 18 \uff09\uff1f\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u624b\u908a\u7684\u6750\u6599\u662f\u6578\u4f4d\u7684\u3001\u985e\u6bd4\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5169\u8005\u517c\u800c\u6709\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u5340\u5225\u5462\uff1f\u6a94\u6848\u9928\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u624b\u7a3f\u9801\u9762\u7684\u786c\u62f7\u8c9d\u6383\u63cf\u4ef6\u6700\u7d42\u53ea\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5fb5\uff0cKirschenbaum \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9801\u9762\u662f \u201c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u975e\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u201d \u7684\u8b49\u64da ( p 20 )\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6aa2\u67e5\u5c0d\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6709\u8457\u660e\u986f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u624b\u7a3f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c \u201c\u7248\u672c\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6a94\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u7e7c\u7e8c\u52aa\u529b\u61c9\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u89e3\u91cb\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u6578\u4f4d\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u6096\u8ad6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u7d9c\u5408\u8003\u616e\u4e26\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8996 Toni Morrison \u7684\u6240\u6709\u8349\u7a3f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6211\u5011\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5047\u8a2d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6700\u7d42\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3001\u9762\u5411\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u5b58\u5132\u3002\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u4e5f\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u6a94\u6848\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4fdd\u5b58\u904e\u7a0b\u8b8a\u5f97\u52d5\u614b\u800c\u975e\u975c\u614b\u3002Matthew Kirschenbaum \u5f15\u7528\u4e86 Wendy Hui Kyong Chun \u95dc\u65bc\u96fb\u8166\u5132\u5b58\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u8a18\u61b6 \u201c\u88ab\u5ac1\u63a5\u5230\u8a08\u7b97\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5be6\u969b\u5132\u5b58\u6280\u8853\u7269\u8cea\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u5c01\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u8853\u4e0d\u5141\u8a31\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u904e\u53bb\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u4f11\u6b62\u4e14\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6c38\u6046\u73fe\u5728\u201d \uff08 p 36 \uff09( Wendy Hui Kyong Chun, \u2018The Enduring Ephemeral; or, The Future Is a Memory’<\/em> in \u201cMedia Archaeology: Approaches, Applications, and Implications(UCP 2011)<\/a><\/em>\u201d, pp 184\u2013206 )\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u300d\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u540c\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c0d\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8a2a\u554f\u90fd\u6bd4\u88ab\u6aa2\u7d22\u7528\u65bc\u89c0\u770b\u7684\u201c\u904e\u53bb\u201d\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u7684\u6771\u897f \u201c\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u771f\u6b63\u6d88\u5931\u201d\uff08 p 37 \uff09\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cKirschenbaum \u5c07\u6a94\u6848\u9928\u4e2d\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u7684\u666e\u904d\u95dc\u6ce8\u9ede\u8207\u7576\u4ee3\u6a94\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff1a\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u5b58\u53d6\u662f\u91cd\u5efa\u3001\u91cd\u7d44\u548c\u300c\u91cd\u65b0\u8a18\u61b6\u300d\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toni Morrison \u65bc 1987 \u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300aBeloved<\/a> \u5bf5\u5152<\/a>\u300b\uff0c\u200b\u200b\u540c\u5e74\u860b\u679c\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 Macintosh II \u548c SE \u96fb\u8166\u3002 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 (The Poetics of Macintosh) \u53cd\u601d\u4e86\u5169\u7a2e\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u7522\uff1aWilliam H. Dickey<\/a> \u7684\u6578\u4f4d\u8d85\u7d1a\u8a69\u6b4c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u8a69\u4eba Kamau Brathwaite<\/a> \u7684\u684c\u9762\u51fa\u7248\u5be6\u9a57\u3002\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90fd\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u523b\u5229\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u5275\u65b0\uff1aMacintosh SE\u3002William H. Dickey \u900f\u904e\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u70ba HyperCard<\/a> \u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u800cKamau Brathwaite<\/a> \u5247\u900f\u904e\u5229\u7528 Mac \u7684\u5b57\u9ad4\u548c\u4f48\u5c40\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u5c0d\u5176\u66f8\u7c4d\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u5275\u9020\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u90fd\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u5851\u9020\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 \u300d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u8a18\u61b6\u548c\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u9023\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matthew Kirschenbaum \u89e3\u91cb\u4e86 William H. Dickey \u5c0d HyperCard \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u8a69\u4eba 1988 \u5e74 Macintosh SE \u4e0a\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u8a72\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5361\u7247\u5806\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u95b1\u548c\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u6bcf\u5f35\u5361\u7247\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c07\u4e00\u5f35\u5361\u7247\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u5f35\u5361\u7247\u7684\u6309\u9215\uff0c\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u4e92\u52d5\u5f0f\u97f3\u8a0a\u548c\u5716\u5f62\u6548\u679c\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u3002\u5c07\u6b64\u4f5c\u70ba\u5275\u4f5c \u201cHyperPoems<\/em><\/a>\u201d \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c0d Dickey \u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8a69\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f86\u8aaa\u537b\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8ca0\u64d4\u3002\u7531\u65bc Dickey \u7684\u8a69\u6b4c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8edf\u9ad4\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5011\u53ea\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6a21\u64ec\u4ee5\u63a5\u8fd1\u5176\u9810\u671f\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u5448\u73fe\u3002Kirschenbaum \u82b1\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u6642\u9593\u4ed4\u7d30\u7814\u7a76\u786c\u9ad4\u3001\u8edf\u9ad4\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3001\u5b57\u9ad4\u548c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u684c\u9762\u51fa\u7248 \uff0c\u4e26\u627f\u8a8d Kamau Brathwaite<\/a> \u8207\u4ed6\u5fc3\u611b\u7684 Mac \u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f88\u8907\u96dc\u3002Brathwaite \u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u547d\u540d\u70ba \u201cSycorax\u201d\uff0c\u5373 Shakespeare\u300a\u66b4\u98a8\u96e8 The Tempest\u300b\u4e2d Caliban \u7684\u6bcd\u89aa\u548cProspero \u5cf6\u4e0a\u7684\u571f\u8457\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5b83\u7684 \u201c\u795e\u5947\u201d \u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0cKirschenbaum \u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u6e90\u81ea\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u3001\u7de8\u78bc\u54e1\u548c\u6578\u4f4d\u5b57\u9ad4\u5275\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u751f\u7522\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u70ba\u975e\u50b3\u7d71\u6a94\u6848\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u793e\u5340\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u6a94\u6848 \uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u897f\u65b9\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u525d\u524a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7d50\u69cb\u73fe\u5be6\u548c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u907a\u7522\u6df1\u6df1\u690d\u6839\u65bc\u6578\u5b57\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4f46 Kirschenbaum \u5c0d Kamau Braithwaite \u6240\u73cd\u611b\u7684 Macintosh \u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u958b\u95e2\u4e86\u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6316\u6398\u51fa\u7cfe\u7e8f\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u907a\u7522\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7ae0 (The Story of S.) \u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u770b\u4f3c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u66f8\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u201d \uff08 p 83 \uff09\u3002\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u7279\u5225\u7684\u66f8\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u6545\u4e8b\uff1aJ.J. Abrams \u548c Doug Dort \u7684\u300a S<\/a> \u5fd2\u4fee\u65af\u4e4b\u8239<\/a>\u300b\u3002\u5c0d Matthew Kirschenbaum \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u66f8\u7c4d\u5a92\u9ad4\u6307\u7684\u662f \u201c\u66f8\u7c4d\u5df2\u7d93\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u7576\u4ee3\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u540c\u6e90\u6027\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u201d \uff08 p 80 \uff09\u3002\u6578\u5b57\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u96f6\u548c\u4e00\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5c0e\u81f4\u4eba\u5011\u5e38\u5e38\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u7684\u6d88\u4ea1\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6d88\u8cbb\u5b83\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u5275\u9020\u5b83\u3002Kirschenbaum \u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u66f8\u7c4d \u201c\u5f9e\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u985b\u8986\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u6e67\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u5176\u7269\u8cea\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b8c\u597d\u7121\u640d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8f49\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u5f8c\u6578\u4f4d\u5316 post-digital\u300d\u201d \uff08 p 83 \uff09 \uff0c\u7a31\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u901a\u904e\u6dfb\u52a0\u65c1\u6ce8\u3001\u78e8\u640d\u6548\u679c\u5716\u548c\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u5370\u7ae0\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u5176\u66f8\u5377\u6c23\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4f9d\u8cf4\u66f8\u7c4d\u548c\u9801\u9762\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7c89\u7d72\u5275\u5efa\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u90a3\u9ebc\u6a21\u64ec\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cKirschenbaum \u767c\u73fe\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u300d\u5df2\u7d93\u5438\u6536\u66f8\u7c4d\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u91cd\u5851\u70ba\u5f8c\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u7269\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u500b \u201c\u7a7a\u767d\u6846 blank box\u201d\uff0cMatthew Kirschenbaum \u5c07\u6b64\u8853\u8a9e\u6e90\u81ea Claude Shannon \u65bc 1948 \u5e74\u7e6a\u88fd\u7684\u901a\u7528\u901a\u8a0a\u7cfb\u7d71\u5716\u8868\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e ( p 70 )\u3002\u6b63\u5982 Shannon \u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u500b \u201c\u7a7a\u767d\u76d2\u5b50\u4ee3\u8868\u8457 \u2018\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5a92\u4ecb\u2019 \u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005 \u201c\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u6211\u5011\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 \u300d \uff09\u5fc5\u9808\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u2018\u901a\u9053\u2019\u201d\uff08 p 8 \uff09\u3002 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u975e\u5e38\u95dc\u6ce8\u9019\u985e\u300c\u7a7a\u767d\uff08\u9ed1\u8272\uff09\u300d\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u76f2\u9ede\uff08 p 30 \uff09\u3002\u9664 Shannon \u5716\u4e2d\u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u96f2\u6846\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5176\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5834\u7121\u6cd5\u8a2a\u554f\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u4efb\u4f55\u666e\u901a\u7684 \u201c\u5be6\u969b\u5a92\u9ad4 actual medium\u201d \u90a3\u6a23\u51fa\u73fe\uff08 p 30 \uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u76e3\u63a7\u793e\u6703\u7684 \u201c\u6578\u64da\u8cc7\u6599\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f \u201c\u53d7\u5230\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f9e\u7de8\u5beb\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6578\u64da\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u90a3\u88e1\u7e7c\u627f\u4f86\u7684\u504f\u898b\u548c\u76f2\u9ede\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u201d\uff08 p 23 \uff09\u3002\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b78\u8005 Frank Pasquale \u7684\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\u6d89\u53ca\u5927\u578b\u6578\u4f4d\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u516c\u5171\u76e3\u7763\u65b9\u9762\u7f3a\u4e4f\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u9084\u6709\u8ca8\u6ac3\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\u548c\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u65b0\u5370\u5237\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u9577\u671f\u5728\u6d77\u4e0a\u904b\u8f38 \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u662f Bruno Latour \u7684 \u201c\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50 black boxing\u201d \uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Latour \u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u66f8 \u201cPandora\u2019s Hope: Essays on the Reality of Science Studies<\/a><\/em>\u201d <\/em>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff1a\u201c\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6280\u8853\u5de5\u4f5c\u56e0\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6210\u529f\u800c\u8b8a\u5f97\u7121\u5f62\u201d\u3002 Latour \u89c0\u5bdf\u5230 \u201c\u7576\u4e00\u53f0\u6a5f\u5668\u9ad8\u6548\u904b\u8f49\u6642\uff0c\u7576\u4e8b\u5be6\u5df2\u89e3\u6c7a\u6642\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u95dc\u6ce8\u5b83\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u548c\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u8d8a\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5c31\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u548c\u6666\u6f80\u96e3\u61c2\u201d (Pandora\u2019s Hope: Essays on the Reality of Science Studies<\/em> (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999), p 304)\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u300d\u5982\u6b64\u5177\u6709\u751f\u6210\u6027\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc Kirschenbaum \u4f7f\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u7522\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c Claude Shannon \u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u7a7a\u767d\u6846\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u7a7a\u767d\u6846\u662f\u4ed6\u672a\u8cbc\u6a19\u7c64\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u50b3\u64ad\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6839\u64da Matthew Kirschenbaum \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u66f8\u76ee\u5b78\u5bb6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u95dc\u5fc3\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\uff08 p 70 \uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u61c9\u8a72\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5011\u4ed6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u51fa \u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71 Operating Systems of the Mind\u201d \u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u7684 ( p xi )\uff0c\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u4ed6\u900f\u904e\u5ba3\u7a31\u66f8\u76ee \u201c\u4e0d\u53d7\u7279\u5b9a\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7d04\u675f\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u8003\u7fd2\u6163\u201d \uff08 p xi \uff09\u4f86\u505a\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u96d6\u7136 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u6b63\u5982\u5176\u6a19\u984c\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u96fb\u8166\u3001\u7db2\u8def\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u66f8\u201d\uff0c\u4f46 Kirschenbaum \u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u201c\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u601d\u7dad\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u66f8\u201d\uff08 p 14 \uff09\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u5728 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u884c\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u8003\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u601d\u8003\u7fd2\u6163\u201d\uff08 p 113 \uff09\u3002Kirschenbaum \u7528\u9019\u53e5\u7d50\u675f\u8a9e\u662f\u5728\u9f13\u52f5\u6211\u5011\u6ce8\u610f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u8003\u7fd2\u6163\u55ce\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u8981\u56de\u5230\u958b\u982d\u4e26\u518d\u6b21\u95b1\u8b80 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \uff0c\u9019\u6b21\u8981\u4ed4\u7d30\u5be9\u8996 Kirschenbaum \u7684\u504f\u898b\u548c\u76f2\u9ede\uff08\u4e5f\u8a31\u9084\u6709\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\uff09\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matthew Kirschenbaum \u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5728 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7406\u8ad6\u61c9\u7528\u4ea4\u7d66\u8b80\u8005\u53bb\u8a55\u4f30\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5730\u907f\u514d\u9032\u884c\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u50b3\u7d71\u66f8\u76ee\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u3002\u4f46\u66f8\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u554f\u984c\u975e\u5e38\u9069\u5408\u7528\u6a94\u6848\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cKirschenbaum \u5c0d\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 \u300d\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u660e\u6578\u4f4d\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u5be6\u9ad4\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u591a\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u3002Kirschenbaum \u4e5f\u4ee5\u8207\u6a94\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8a18\u61b6\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002\u5728\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u96fb\u8166\u5132\u5b58\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u504f\u898b\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u53ef\u7528\u5132\u5b58\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u54ea\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6599\u88ab\u5132\u5b58\uff08\u300c\u8a18\u4f4f\u300d\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u54ea\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6599\u907a\u5931\uff08\u300c\u907a\u5fd8\u300d\uff09\uff08 Sufiya Noble – \u201cAlgorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism (NYU Press, 2018)<\/em><\/a>\u201d \uff09\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u8853\u7d30\u7bc0\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u76ee\u524d\u95dc\u65bc\u89e3\u653e\u8a18\u61b6\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u88ab\u907a\u5fd8\u6b0a\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5982\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u5f9e\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u6587\u672c\u5230\u7269\u9ad4\u548c\u7269\u8cea\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8ad6\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u5f8c\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u6b63\u7d71\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u9818\u57df\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u91cd\u8b80 Matthew Kirschenbaum \u95dc\u65bc \u201c\u7d19\u5f35\u3001\u78b3\u548c\u58a8\u6c34\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u6750\u6599\u7279\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca \u201c\u4efb\u4f55\u5305\u542b\u6578\u4f4d\u6750\u6599\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u7522\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u8003\u616e\u78c1\u5b58\u5132\u4ecb\u8cea\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u8edf\u9ad4\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u7279\u6027\u201d \u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57 ( p 13 )\u3002\u4ed6\u5f37\u8abf\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u548c\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u7d44\u6210\u548c\u6280\u8853\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5927\u591a\u6578\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b78\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u592a\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 \u201c\u8a8d\u8b58\u65b9\u5f0f ways of knowing\u201d \u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u548c\u7269\u8cea\u56e0\u7d20\uff08 p 14 \uff09\u3002\u9019\u5305\u62ec\u6750\u6599 \u2014\u2014 \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6839\u64da  Tim Ingold \u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5 ( \u201cBeing Alive: Essays on Movement, Knowledge and Description (London: Routledge, 2011)<\/a><\/em>\u201d )\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u7269\u8cea\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9069 \u2014\u2014 \u4ed6\u5011\u7528\u4f86\u4ea4\u63db\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u78b3\u3001\u78c1\u548c\u96fb\u8377\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u548c\u4ed6\u5011\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u7248\u6b0a\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u78ba\u5b9a\u5176\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5a92\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u73fe\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08PDF\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u66f8\uff0c\u6709\u8072\u66f8\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5728\u5206\u767c\u548c\u6d41\u901a\u6642\u5141\u8a31\u901a\u904e\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u76f2\u9ede\uff0c\u5b83\u5e38\u5e38\u963b\u7919\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff08\u5c31\u7c21\u7a31\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6839\u64da Kirschenbaum \u63d0\u5230\u7684 \u201c\u7269\u8cea\u8f49\u5411 material turn\u201d ( p xi )\uff0c\u6307\u4ee3\u8207\u5a92\u9ad4\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u3001\u5e73\u53f0\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5f8c\u4eba\u985e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b49\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4eba\uff09\u4ed4\u7d30\u8655\u7406\uff1a\u8981\u4e48\u8655\u7406\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4ed6\u5011\u88ab\u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u5beb\u4f5c\u4f86\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6587\u672c\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u6280\u8853\u3001\u52d5\u7269\u8207\u690d\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matthew Kirschenbaum \u5c0d\u6587\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6a94\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u66f8\u76ee\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72 \u201c\u5805\u6301\u4e0d\u61c8\u5730\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u7dad\u8b77\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u4efd\u526f\u672c\u7684\u500b\u6027\u201d\uff08 p 111 \uff09\u3002\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5c07\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u64f4\u5c55\u5230\u5c0d\u53c3\u8207\u7576\u4ee3\u6587\u5b78\u7522\u51fa\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u500b\u6027\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff1a\u6a94\u6848\u4fdd\u7ba1\u54e1\u3001\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u7de8\u8f2f\u548c\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u54e1\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4e2d\u9ed8\u9ed8\u626e\u6f14\u4e3b\u89d2\u7684\u662f Toni Morrison \u7684\u9577\u671f\u52a9\u624b\u548c\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\uff0cMorrison \u7684\u624b\u7a3f\u548c\u8edf\u789f\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u88f9\uff1b\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb Deena Larsen \u7684\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u5979\u6210\u70ba William H. Dickey \u7684\u89aa\u5bc6\u5925\u4f34\uff0c\u4e26\u8207 William H. Dickey \u7684\u540c\u4f34\u517c\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u56d1\u57f7\u884c\u4eba Leonard Sanazaro \u4e00\u8d77\u5e6b\u52a9\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86 William H. Dickey \u7684\u8a69\u6b4c\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u7a2e\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u7c89\u7d72\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7b56\u5283\u6709\u95dc\u300a S<\/a> \u5fd2\u4fee\u65af\u4e4b\u8239\u300b\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u548c\u7dda\u4e0a\u5c0d\u8a71\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u8003\u616e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5efa\u9020\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u751f\u7522\u548c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7372\u53d6\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 \u300d\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u7684 \u201c\u5be6\u969b\u60c5\u6cc1\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5168\u7403\u79d1\u6280\u884c\u696d\u4e2d\u7d93\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u525d\u524a\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5efa\u7acb\u96fb\u8166\u6676\u7247\u3001\u7d44\u88dd\u9375\u76e4\u4e26\u7ba1\u7406\u7dda\u4e0a\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8b49\u660e\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u5f62\u4e14\u5831\u916c\u4f4e\u5ec9\u7684\u6280\u8853\u52de\u52d5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5167\u5bb9\u5be9\u6838\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u6700\u8fd1\u6295\u7968\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6210\u7acb\u5de5\u6703 ( Billy Perrigo, \u201c150 African Workers for ChatGPT, TikTok, and Facebook Vote to Unionize at Landmark Nairobi Meeting,\u201d Time, May 1, 2023, https:\/\/time.com\/6275995\/chatgpt-facebook-african-workers-union\/<\/a> )\u3002\u9019\u985e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u9019\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u91cb\u53c3\u8207\u6578\u4f4d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u8005\u7fa3\u9ad4\u6642\u9084\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u9700\u8981\u8003\u616e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f9e\u6cd5\u91ab\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 \u300d\u9060\u4e0d\u6b62\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7576\u524d\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u73fe\u72c0\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u91cd\u8907\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5340\u5225\u3002Matthew Kirschenbaum \u66fe\u60f3\u50cf\u904e\u4e00\u5834\u95dc\u65bc Kamau Brathwaite<\/a> \u4ee5 Macintosh \u5b57\u9ad4\u70ba\u5e4c\u5b50 \u201c\u91cd\u5beb\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u8a2d\u8a08 rewriting and refashioning\u201d Prospero\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\uff08 p 71 \uff09 \u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u4ed6\u70ba\u699c\u6a23\uff0c\u60f3\u50cf\u518d\u6b21\u91cd\u5beb \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6578\u4f4d\u79d1\u6280\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7576\u8ac7\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5275\u9020\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u548c\u50b3\u64ad\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u5df2\u7d93 \u201c\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u88fd\u9020 …… \u4ee5\u5275\u9020\u548c\u7dad\u6301 ….. .\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u5e7b\u89ba\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08 p 10 \uff09\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c31\u50cf McKenzie Wark<\/a> \u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u5145\u65a5\u8457\u65e5\u5e38\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u548c\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u7d66\u975e\u7269\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1 ( McKenzie Wark<\/a> – \u201cOn the Obsolescence of the Bourgeois Novel in the Anthropocene,\u201d Verso<\/em> (blog), August 16, 2017)\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7dad\u6301\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u5e7b\u89ba\uff09\uff0c\u900f\u904e \u201c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0 \u2014\u2014 \u586b\u5145\u7269 \u2014\u2014 \u4f7f\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u201d(Gary Hall, \u201cAnti-Bourgeois Theory,<\/em>\u201d Media Theory<\/em> 3, no. 2 (2019)<\/a>)\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4fee\u8fad\u586b\u5145\u8a5e\u4ee5\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u7269\u9ad4\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73fe\uff1a\u5f9e\u6606\u87f2\u3001\u6a39\u6728\u3001\u96fb\u7dda\u5854\u5230\u786c\u789f\u3001\u885b\u661f\u548c\u6d77\u5e95\u96fb\u7e9c\u7b49\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5beb\u4f5c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f62\u5f0f\u9650\u5236\u4f7f\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7269\u8cea\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50 \u2014\u2014 \u5176\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u4ea4\u7e54\u7684\u591a\u500b\u9762\u5411 \u2014\u2014 \u4fdd\u6301\u5c01\u9589\u548c\u96b1\u85cf\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5305\u62ec\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4eba\u985e\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff1b\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u3001\u540c\u8cea\u7684\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff1b\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u7d71\u4e00\u3001\u591a\u4efd\u7684\u7248\u672c\u51fa\u7248\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u6211\u8868\u9054\u3001\u539f\u5275\u6027\u548c\u7248\u6b0a\u3002\u5728\u5275\u4f5c\u3001\u88fd\u4f5c\u548c\u50b3\u64ad\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u50f9\u503c\u548c\u5be6\u8e10\u96b1\u85cf\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002Bruno Latour \u4f5c\u70ba\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u66f8\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7dca\u5bc6\u9589\u5408\u7684\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u975e\u5e38\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6a5f\u5668\u4e00\u6a23\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5118\u7ba1 Matthew Kirschenbaum \u66fe\u8b66\u544a \u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u5c0d\u898f\u7bc4\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u6eff\u201d\uff08 p 113 \uff09\uff0c\u4f46 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u65bc\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f86\u6307\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u751f\u7269\u8207\u975e\u751f\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8ad6\u5206\u96e2\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7576\u6d89\u53ca\u50cf \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \uff08\u6216\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\uff09\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6642\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u65b0\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f62\u5f0f\u9650\u5236\u7684\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5 \u2014\u2014 \u5305\u62ec\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u69cb\u5efa\u7684\u3001\u5728\u4f55\u8655\u69cb\u5efa\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6750\u6599\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u50b3\u64ad\u6642\u9084\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc \u2014\u2014 \u90fd\u6703\u5c0d\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u548c\u8a8d\u53ef\u5ea6\u5354\u8b70\u63d0\u51fa\u6311\u6230\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5be6\u8e10\u9019\u7a2e\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5947\u602a\u3001\u4e0d\u6070\u7576\u3001\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4e2d\uff0cMatthew Kirschenbaum \u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6642\u9593\u90fd\u907f\u514d\u53cd\u601d\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u66f8\u76ee\u7de8\u7e82\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b – \u5de5\u4f5c – \u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u9019\u7a2e\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7acb\u5834\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a\u8a66\u5716\u5047\u8a2d\u8207\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u7269\u8cea\u548c\u7269\u8cea\u8f49\u8b8a\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u975e\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8ad6\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u958b\u59cb\u8b1b\u8ff0\u7684\u95dc\u65bc\u5f9e\u8a9e\u8a00\u5230\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\u300c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u300d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 Kirschenbaum \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u5e36\u5165\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5c3e\u8a3b ( p 129. \u8a3b 10 )\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d Kirschenbaum \u5f15\u7528\u4e86 Lisa Maruca \u7684 \u201cThe Work of Print: Authorship and English Trade Texts, 1660\u20131760 (UWP 2007<\/em>)<\/a>\u201d\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u684c\u4e0a\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u7684\u87ba\u6bcd\u3001\u87ba\u6813\u548c\u5851\u6599\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u9023\u540c\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u771f\u5be6\u4eba\u9ad4\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u4e5f\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u8ab0\u88fd\u9020\u4e86\u5b83\uff1f\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\uff1f\u9019\u5e45\u756b\u4e2d\u88ab\u62b9\u53bb\u7684\u662f John Dunton<\/a> \u6216 Joseph Moxon<\/a> \u7684\u5370\u5237\u5927\u5e2b\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u5c0d\u61c9\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5275\u9020\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u8996\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7522\u54c1 \u2014\u2014 \u6211\u5011\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u4e26\u4e0d\u5beb\u6587\u672c\u3002\u201d \u5728 Maruca \u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0cKirschenbaum \u5373\u5c07\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u958b\u555f\u5c0d\u4eba\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7406\u89e3\u6700\u660e\u986f\u5730\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u5728\u300c\u64b0\u5beb\u300d\u6587\u672c\u6642\u8207\u4e4b\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7fa3\u9ad4\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u4e0d\u90a3\u9ebc\u660e\u986f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5 Kirschenbaum \u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u684c\u5b50\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u548c\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8a18\u88fd\u9020\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u548c\u6750\u6599\uff1a\u87ba\u6bcd\u3001\u87ba\u6813\u548c\u5851\u6599\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e26\u4e0d\u65e9\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u7dca\u5bc6\u4ea4\u7e54\u7684\u4eba\u985e\/\u8eab\u9ad4\/\u601d\u60f3\/\u4e16\u754c\u9023\u7d50\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u6b63\u662f\u5f9e\u9019\u4e9b\u6df7\u4e82\u7684\u3001\u5167\u5728\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u3001\u5171\u540c\u69cb\u6210\u7684\uff08\u5373\u975e\u81ea\u7531\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff09\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0cMatthew Kirschenbaum \u5f15\u7528\u4e86 William H. Dickey \u7684\u7591\u554f\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7528\u8606\u8466\u7b46\u6216\u7528\u9d5d\u6bdb\u7b46\u7cbe\u5fc3\u524a\u88fd\u800c\u6210\u7684\u7b46\u4f86\u5beb\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6240\u5beb\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6703\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u55ce\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u8207\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u59ff\u614b\u548c\u5e73\u8861\u662f\u5426\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff1f\u201d( p 39 ) \u5c0d\u65bc\u50cf Donna Haraway<\/a> \u548c Ludwig Wittgenstein \u9019\u6a23\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3002Haraway \u5728 \u201cStaying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene (DUP 2016)<\/a><\/em>\u201d \u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u5f37\u8abf\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u7528\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\u7269\u4f86\u601d\u8003\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u9019\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u201d \u540c\u6642\uff0cWittgenstein \u5728 Culture and Value (UCP 1984)<\/a><\/em> \u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u78ba\u5be6\u7528\u7b46\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u7684\u982d\u8166\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u7684\u624b\u5728\u5beb\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7576\u8ac7\u5230\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\uff0cMatthew Kirschenbaum \u53ef\u80fd\u9084\u6c92\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u5728 \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u4e2d\u8d70\u5f97\u9019\u9ebc\u9060\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c0\u9ede\u4f3c\u4e4e\u555f\u767c\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u5169\u500b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8a66\u5716\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u985e\u548c\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u7269\u8cea\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u9762\u63a1\u53d6\u5f8c\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8ad6\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u66f8\u7c4d\u548c\u7248\u6b0a\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\uff09\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u89c0\u5ff5\u5c07\u6703\u7522\u751f\u751a\u9ebc\u5f71\u97ff\uff1f\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u6709\u95dc\u6578\u4f4d\u79d1\u6280\u7684 \u201c\u67d0\u4e9b\u300c\u5be6\u969b\u4e8b\u5be6\u300d\u201d \u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u5f8c\u679c\u5462\uff1f\u6b63\u5982 Kirschenbaum \u501f\u7528 Virginia Woolf \u7684\u8a71\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5373 \u201c\u684c\u4e0a\u578b\u96fb\u8166\u548c\u7b46\u8a18\u578b\u96fb\u8166\u4f5c\u70ba\u6587\u5b78\u5275\u4f5c\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f8\u7c4d\u4f48\u5c40\u548c\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u201d ( p x )\uff1f \uff08\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u65e2\u5b9a\u4e8b\u5be6\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u662f\u5426\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u76f2\u9ede\uff1f\uff09\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6309\u7167 Kirschenbaum \u7684\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u601d\u60f3\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4f86\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f97\u51fa\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u6280\u8853\u767c\u660e\u8005\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5275\u9020\u548c\u50b3\u9054\u5927\u591a\u6578\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u8cea\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316 \u2014\u2014 \u5f9e\u8a9e\u97f3\u548c\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5230\u66f8\u5beb\u548c\u7b46\uff0c\u5230\u5370\u5237\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u5230\u300c\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41 \u300d\u7684\u96fb\u58d3\u5dee\uff08Friedrich Kittler, \u201cThere Is No Software,\u201d in \u201cLiterature, Media, Information Systems (1997)<\/a><\/em>\u201d, pp 147\u201355; Bernard Stiegler, \u201cTechnics and Time, vol. 2, Disorientation (2009)<\/em><\/a>\u201d; Katherine Hayles<\/a> – \u201cHow we think: digital media and contemporary technogenesis (2012)<\/a><\/em>\u201d\uff09\u2014\u2014 \u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6703\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002 \u4e0d\u53ea\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u907a\u7522\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64 \u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u66f8\u76ee\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0cKirschenbaum \u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5617\u8a66\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u9806\u61c9\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u7fd2\u6163\u53ca\u5176\u5c0d\u4f7f\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\u5167\u90e8\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8 \uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f \u201cBitstreams<\/em>\uff082021\uff09\u201d \u70ba\u6211\u5011\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u8def\u7dda\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6578\u4f4d\u6642\u4ee3\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5f71\u97ff\u8457\u6a94\u6848\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u4f46 Kirschenbaum \u7684\u66f8\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u4ecd\u7136\u8207\u6750\u6599\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Matthew G. Kirschenbaum \u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u5982\u4eca\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684\u554f\u984c\u300c\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u6578\u4f4d\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u82f1\u8a9e\u7cfb\u4e2d\u8d77\u751a\u9ebc\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f\u300d\uff08\u2018What is Digital Humanities and what\u2019s it doing in English departments?(2010)\u2019 \uff09\u3002Kirschenbaum \u7684\u8077\u696d\u751f\u6daf\u90fd\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u6587\u672c\u3001\u6578\u5b57\u548c\u6a94\u6848\u7684\u4ea4\u532f\u9ede\uff0c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u662f\u4ed6 2008 \u5e74\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1 \u201cMechanisms: New Media and the Forensic Imagination\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u5c08\u8457 \u201cTrack Changes\u201d \u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u6578\u4f4d\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8655\u7406\u8edf\u9ad4\u548c\u6587\u5b78\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8457\u4f5c \u201cBitstreams: The Future of Digital Literary Heritage\u201d \u662f\u4ed6\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5beb\u4f5c\u7684\u5dd4\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c55\u671b\u4e86\u5728\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u6578\u4f4d\u6587\u5b78\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u3002 Bitstreams \u5c0d\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u5728\u82f1\u8a9e\u90e8\u9580\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u9019\u4e00\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u6587\u672c\u5b78\u8853\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002\u5177\u9ad4\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u554f\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u8a08\u7b97\u4e16\u754c computational world … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--thinking","category--read"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc7IvU-2rI","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9406"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9406\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9408,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9406\/revisions\/9408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}