{"id":9601,"date":"2026-09-04T00:07:14","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T00:07:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/?p=9601"},"modified":"2026-09-04T06:00:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T06:00:39","slug":"gadamer%ef%bc%8c%e8%a9%ae%e8%ad%af%e8%88%87%e8%a6%96%e5%9f%9f%e8%9e%8d%e5%90%88-fusion-of-horizons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/2026\/09\/04\/gadamer%ef%bc%8c%e8%a9%ae%e8%ad%af%e8%88%87%e8%a6%96%e5%9f%9f%e8%9e%8d%e5%90%88-fusion-of-horizons\/","title":{"rendered":"Gadamer\uff0c\u8a6e\u8b6f\u8207\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408 fusion of horizons"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1000116117-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9602\" srcset=\"http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1000116117-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1000116117-300x300.jpg 300w, http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1000116117-150x150.jpg 150w, http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1000116117-768x768.jpg 768w, http:\/\/philosophers.org\/ckf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1000116117.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hans-Georg Gadamer(1900\u20132002\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5fb7\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5275\u7acb\u300c\u54f2\u5b78\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u300d\uff08\u5373\u95dc\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u89e3\u91cb\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u554f\uff09\u800c\u805e\u540d\u65bc\u4e16\u3002\u5728 Martin Heidegger \u7684\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0cGadamer \u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u90a3\u7a2e\u8a8d\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\u53ea\u662f\u5c0d\u4f5c\u8005\u539f\u610f\u9032\u884c\u91cd\u69cb\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u771f\u7406\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff081960\u5e74\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u7531\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8655\u5883\u3001\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ca\u5148\u9a57\u5047\u8a2d\u6240\u5851\u9020\u7684\uff0d\u4ed6\u5c07\u6b64\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u53d7\u6b77\u53f2\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u300d\uff08historically effected consciousness\uff09\u3002 \u5c0d Gadamer \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u4e26\u975e\u6a5f\u68b0\u5730\u5957\u7528\u67d0\u7a2e\u56fa\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u8207\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7368\u7279\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u5049\u5927\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u3001\u6587\u672c\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u80fd\u5920\u8d85\u8d8a\u6211\u5011\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u5851\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8996\u91ce\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u4e26\u975e\u50c5\u7531\u4e3b\u89c0\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u6240\u5efa\u69cb\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u8207\u67d0\u7a2e\u80fd\u5920\u6311\u6230\u3001\u62d3\u5c55\u4e26\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4f3d\u9054\u9ed8\u723e\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u5c07\u5c0d\u8a71\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u958b\u653e\u6027\u7f6e\u65bc\u63a2\u6c42\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is the tyranny of hidden prejudice that make us deaf to what speaks to us in tradition<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u53e5\u8457\u540d\u7684\u53f0\u8a5e\u4f86\u81ea\u5fb7\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6f22\u65af-\u683c\u5967\u723e\u683c\u00b7\u52a0\u9054\u9ed8\uff08Hans-Georg Gadamer\uff09\u65bc1960\u5e74\u5728\u5176\u54f2\u5b78\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u771f\u7406\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Wahrheit und Methode\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u610f\u601d<br>*\u504f\u898b\u4e26\u975e\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u58de\uff1aGadamer \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u504f\u898b\uff08Vorurteile\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u300c\u9810\u5148\u5224\u65b7\u300d\u2014\u2014\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ad4\u9a57\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6846\u67b6\u6216\u6b77\u53f2\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\u96b1\u85cf\u504f\u898b\u7684\u5371\u96aa\uff1a\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5047\u88dd\u81ea\u5df1\u6c92\u6709\u504f\u898b\uff08\u4ed6\u5c07\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e7b\u89ba\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u555f\u8499\u904b\u52d5\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u504f\u898b\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u96bb\u773c\u7f69\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u300c\u807e\u300d\uff1a\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u504f\u898b\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u96b1\u85cf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5047\u8a2d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u3002 \u9019\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u6587\u672c\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u6216\u50b3\u7d71\u8a66\u5716\u5411\u6211\u5011\u50b3\u9054\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3001\u6311\u6230\u8207\u898b\u89e3\u5b8c\u5168\u5c01\u9589\uff08\u300c\u807e\u300d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u9700\u8981\u958b\u653e\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5c07\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u504f\u898b\u5e36\u5165\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u627f\u8a8d\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e26\u8b93\u50b3\u7d71\u6216\u300c\u4ed6\u8005\u300d\u4f86\u6311\u6230\u4e26\u4fee\u6b63\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5ef6\u4f38\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff1a<br>\u63a2\u8a0e\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u52a0\u9054\u9ed8\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408 fusion of horizons\u300d\u6216\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u5713\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;\u201c\u8996\u57df\u7684\u878d\u5408\u201d\uff08\u5fb7\u8a9e\uff1aHorizo\u200b\u200bntverschmelzung\uff09&#8221; \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8faf\u8b49\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6e90\u65bc\u5c0d\u5169\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u62d2\u7d55\uff1a\u5ba2\u89c0\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u5ba2\u9ad4\u5316\u662f\u4ee5\u5fd8\u8a18\u81ea\u5df1\u70ba\u524d\u63d0\u7684\uff1b\u548c\u7d55\u5c0d\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u64da\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u8996\u91ce\u5167\u95e1\u660e\u666e\u904d\u6b77\u53f2\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u65e2\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u5c01\u9589\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u7368\u7279\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u4e2d\u3002 \u4eba\u5011\u4f86\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u812b\u96e2\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6027\u5225\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u601d\u7dad\u65b9\u5f0f\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3002 \u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u53c3\u8207\u7406\u89e3\u95dc\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u6216\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u6839\u64da\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u504f\u898b\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u6587\u672c\u6216\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u201c\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u78ba\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7576\u4e0b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u89e3\u91cb\u9700\u8981\u5c55\u958b\u2018\u6709\u6548-\u6b77\u53f2\u2019\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u201d \u5728\u8a71\u8a9e\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u548c\u807d\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u767c\u751f\u4e86 \u201c\u8996\u91ce\u201d \u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hans-Georg Gadamer \u7d93\u5e38\u56e0\u5c07 \u201c\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408the fusions of horizons\u201d \u8996\u70ba\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u6279\u8a55\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u6c7a\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8981\u6b63\u78ba\u7406\u89e3 Gadamer \u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\/\u8996\u57df horizon\u201d \u5230\u5e95\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca \u201c\u8996\u57df\u201d \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u878d\u5408\u7684\u3002 \u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u67e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b Gadamer \u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528 Edmund Husserl \u548c Martin Heidegger \u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u8996\u57df horizon\u201d \u6280\u8853\u610f\u7fa9\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5c0d Gadamer \u95dc\u65bc\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u7531 E. D. Hirsch \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6700\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684&nbsp;&nbsp;\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hans-Georg Gadamer \u5c0d\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5728\u4e09\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u8207\u773e\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\u5c0d\u8a71\u5305\u542b\u8207\u6587\u672c\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\u5c0d\u8a71\u4ecd\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\u5c0d\u8a71\u5728 \u201c\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408 fusion of horizons\u201d \u4e2d\u61c9\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede \u2014\u2014 \u5c0d\u8a71\u4e00\u65e6\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u5728\u8996\u91ce\u7684\u878d\u5408\u4e2d\u81ea\u884c\u89e3\u6c7a \u2014\u2014 \u662f\u4ed6\u6700\u5177\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u8868\u660e\u5c0d\u8a71\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u96d9\u65b9\u9054\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u6642\u624d\u6703\u6210\u529f\u3002 \u5373\u4f7f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u662f\u5bec\u539a\u7684\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u8af8\u5982\u201c\u540c\u610f\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u201d\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u6c7a\u8b70\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e5f\u662f\u904e\u65bc\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002 \u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5c0e\u81f4\u5c0d\u8a71\u8005\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8868\u9054\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u7522\u751f\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u9032\u5165\u5c0d\u8a71\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0b\u6c42\u4e00\u81f4\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b97\u4f5c\u6210\u529f\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u70ba\u9054\u6210\u5354\u8b70\u672c\u8eab\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff1b \u5c0d\u8a71\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4eba\u683c\u529b\u91cf\u6216\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u9054\u6210\u5354\u8b70\u3002 \u9019\u6a23\u7684 \u201c\u5354\u8b70 agreement\u201d \u5c07\u9055\u53cd\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5373\u5206\u6b67\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u61c9\u57fa\u65bc\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51fa\u65bc\u591a\u7a2e\u539f\u56e0\uff0cGadamer \u95dc\u65bc\u5c0d\u8a71\u5728 \u201c\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408\u201d \u4e2d\u5c0b\u6c42\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u7d93\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u3002 \u65bc\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u4ed4\u7d30\u7814\u7a76 Gadamer \u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u6b64\u77ed\u8a9e\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u7d50\u679c\u6216\u96b1\u85cf\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u503c\u5f97\u634d\u885b\u7684\u5408\u7406\u89c0\u9ede\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7406\u89e3 Gadamer \u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u201c\u8996\u57dfhorizon\u201d \uff1a\u6bcf\u500b\u6709\u9650\u7684\u5448\u73fe\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5b9a\u7fa9\u201c\u60c5\u5883\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u8aaa\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u9650\u5236\u8996\u89ba\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60c5\u5883\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u201c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u662f\u8996\u91ce\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f9e\u7279\u5b9a\u6709\u5229\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002 &#8230; \u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u8996\u91ce\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u770b\u5f97\u4e0d\u5920\u9060\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9ad8\u4f30\u4e86\u96e2\u4ed6\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u8996\u91ce\u201d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u8d85\u8d8a\u5b83\u3002 &#8230;&#8230;\u89e3\u6c7a\u89e3\u91cb\u5b78\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7372\u5f97\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u8996\u91ce\uff0c\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u76f8\u9047\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\uff08Truth and Method, 2004, p 301&nbsp;\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5f9e E. D. Hirsch \u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u610f\u898b\u958b\u59cb\u6703\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002Hirsch \u8a8d\u70ba Gadamer \u5c0d\u8996\u57df\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7acb\u5373\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u8af8\u5982\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002 Hirsch \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u4e4b\u5167\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u4e4b\u5916\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u662f\u5f8c\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6c92\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u4f46\u65e2\u7136\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8996\u57df\u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u4e4b\u5167\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u5169\u500b\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u8981\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u767c\u751f\u878d\u5408\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8996\u91ce\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u8996\u91ce\u7684\u878d\u5408\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002 \u8d6b\u5e0c\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u7684\uff1a&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u878d\u5408\u5169\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede \u2014\u2014 \u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u548c\u6587\u672c\u7684\u89c0\u9ede \u2014\u2014 \u9664\u975e\u4ed6\u4ee5\u67d0\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u632a\u7528\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u89c0\u9ede\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u8207\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u878d\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff1f \u9664\u975e\u8981\u878d\u5408\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u6210\u70ba\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u539f\u610f\u5f97\u5230\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u878d\u5408\u600e\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\uff1f \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0cGadamer \u672a\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u554f\u984c\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u78ba\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u610f\u7fa9\u8d85\u51fa\u6211\u5011\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff1f \u2026\u2026\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u6fc0\u9032\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4ed6\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u878d\u5408\u5c31\u6839\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u80af\u5b9a\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u88ab\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u6240\u675f\u7e1b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u7a81\u7834\u5b83\u9032\u5165\u904e\u53bb\u548c\u73fe\u5728\u878d\u5408\u7684\u67d0\u500b\u4e2d\u8f49\u7ad9\u3002 \u2026\u2026\u4e00\u65e6\u627f\u8a8d\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u4ed6\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u878d\u5408\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u627f\u8a8d\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a81\u7834\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u9019\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc[\u53d7\u8996\u57df\u9650\u5236]\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5047\u8a2d\u5c31\u88ab\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u3002\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u8996\u57df\u7684\u6771\u897f\u8981\u4e48\u843d\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u57df\u4e4b\u5167\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5169\u500b\u8996\u57df\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u843d\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u57df\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa0\u7136\uff0cHirsch \u95dc\u6ce8\u4ed6\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u201c\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6027 radical historicity\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u9664\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u89c0\u9ede\u4e4b\u5916\u6211\u5011\u6c38\u9060\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u67d0\u7269\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u800cGadamer\u4e0d\u6301\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\uff0cHirsch\u6240\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u6096\u8ad6\u6703\u5728\u6709\u4eba\u5047\u5b9a\u77e5\u8b58\u6642\u51fa\u73fe \u5c0d\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bcGadamer\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u64fa\u812b\u9019\u4e9b\u6096\u8ad6\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u51fa\u8def\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u722d\u8faf\u8aaa\u8996\u91ce\u7d42\u7a76\u4e0d\u662f\u6975\u9650\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u78ba\u5be6\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\u8996\u91ce\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff1a&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u6bcf\u500b\u6709\u9650\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u901a\u904e\u8aaa\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u9650\u5236\u8996\u89ba\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u201c\u60c5\u6cc1\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60c5\u5883\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u201c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u662f\u8996\u91ce\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f9e\u7279\u5b9a\u89d2\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u201d( Truth and Method (New York: Crossroad, 1989), p. 302)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5c0d Gadamer \u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Hirsch \u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u907a\u6f0f\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u5373 Gadamer \u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u201d\u4e00\u8a5e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u5176\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6280\u8853\u8853\u8a9e\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b \u81ea Edmund Husserl \u65bc 1913 \u5e74\u5f15\u5165\u6280\u8853\u610f\u7fa9\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u6280\u8853\u610f\u7fa9\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u4e26\u975e\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u6280\u8853\u610f\u7fa9\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u5f37\u8abf\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5fb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5177\u9ad4\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6975\u9650\u7684\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u5728\u6280\u8853\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u88ab\u6de1\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u5c07\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u8996\u70ba\u64f4\u5c55\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a0d\u52a0\u52aa\u529b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u5411\u66f4\u591a\u6771\u897f\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u96a8\u6642\u90fd\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u8996\u7dda\u7684\u6975\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u903e\u8d8a\u7684\u6975\u9650\u3002 \u53ea\u9700\u6b65\u884c\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u8ddd\u96e2\u6216\u524d\u5f80\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u7684\u9802\u5c64\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u8d85\u8d8a\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u50c5\u6191\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u4e86\u89e3\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002 \u8996\u91ce\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8d77\u5230\u9650\u5236\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u59cb\u7d42\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u5f80\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u9580\u6236\u3002 Husserl \u5728\u5176 1913 \u5e74\u7684 Ideas \u4e2d\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u5f8c\u8005\u3002(Ideas I, \u00a7\u00a727, 44)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Husserl \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u5011\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u53ea\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u95dc\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5c0d\u50cf\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u9ad4\u4f86\u611f\u77e5\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u770b\u6905\u5b50\u6642\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u770b\u5230\u6905\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u5074\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u628a\u6905\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6905\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u5074\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u6905\u5b50\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u3001\u5b83\u662f\u4e09\u7dad\u7684\u7b49\u7b49\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u611f\u5230\u9a5a\u8a1d\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u975e\u5e38\u9707\u9a5a\u5730\u767c\u73fe\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6905\u5b50\u7684\u6771\u897f\u53ea\u662f\u6905\u5b50\u7684\u5916\u89c0\u3002 \u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u5224\u65b7\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u4eba\u662f\u8ab0\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u7684\u5f8c\u8166\u52fa\u8a8d\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff1b \u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u8f49\u904e\u8eab\u4f86\u8868\u660e\u6211\u5011\u932f\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8868\u660e\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5f8c\u8166\u52fa\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u5305\u62ec\u5f8c\u8166\u52fa\u3002 \u5426\u5247\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u9a5a\u8a1d\u5730\u767c\u73fe\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u662f\u6211\u5011\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u4eba\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\u77e5\u89ba\u7e3d\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u5be6\u969b\u7d66\u4e88\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u6839\u64daHusserl\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u7684\u982d\u8166\u5f9e\u6211\u5011\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u63a8\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9996\u5148\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u984f\u8272\u57df\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u982d\u8166\u7d44\u7e54\u984f\u8272\u4e26\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u662f\u67d0\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u6216\u4eba\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u67d0\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u6216\u4eba\u3002 \u586b\u5145\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u5167\u5bb9\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5c0d\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4e2d\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u73fe\u5728\u6240\u611f\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u5171\u540c\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u78ba\u5b9a\uff08\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u78ba\u5b9a\uff09\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u4e00\u500b\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u3001\u610f\u5728\u672a\u5b9a\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u6240\u6ef2\u900f\u548c\u5305\u570d\u3002 \u2026\u2026[\u4e00\u7247]\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u7a7a\u9727\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u76f4\u89ba\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u201c\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u9810\u5148\u5283\u5b9a\u7684\u3002 \u800c\u4e14\u6211\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u662f\u7121\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u6a21\u7cca\u548c\u6c38\u9060\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002 &#8230;&#8230;\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u662f\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u8207\u7269\u7406\u4e8b\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u95dc\u806f\uff1b \u9019\u4e9b\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u2014\u2014\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u958b\u653e\u7684\u5be6\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u662f\u6839\u64da\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u985e\u578b\u9810\u5148\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u6709\u52d5\u6a5f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u201d(Ideas I, \u00a7\u00a727, 44)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;\u8996\u57df\u7684\/\u5730\u5e73\u7dda horizons&#8221; \u662f\u6211\u5011\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u6642\u6240\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u7d66\u4e88\u6211\u5011\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u6b63\u662f\u5728\u5c0d\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4e2d \u201c\u5171\u540c\u7d66\u4e88\u201d \u7684\u6771\u897f\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u5176\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u7e5e\u8457\u623f\u5b50\u8d70\u4f86\u8d70\u53bb\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u9a5a\u8a1d\u5730\u767c\u73fe\u5b83\u6709\u5074\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u5f8c\u80cc\uff0c\u5b83\u6c92\u6709\u62ac\u96e2\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u6a39\u8449\u64e6\u904e\u5b83\u6642\u4e0d\u6703\u628a\u5b83\u649e\u5012\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011 \u770b\u770b\u5225\u8655\u518d\u56de\u982d\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u7a81\u7136\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u5c6c\u65bc\u623f\u5b50\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u7bc4\u570d\u3002 \u5728\u4ed6 1931 \u5e74\u7684 Cartesian Meditations \u4e2d\uff0cHusserl\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u77e5\u89ba\u7684\u8996\u57df\u7531\u5176\u4ed6\u77e5\u89ba\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u89ba\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7a4d\u6975\u5730\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f15\u5c0e\u77e5\u89ba\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u628a\u773c\u775b\u8f49\u5411\u90a3\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u6216\u8005 \u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5411\u524d\u6216\u5411\u4e00\u908a\u8d70\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002'( p 44 ) \u9019\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u96a8\u6a5f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u5c0d\u50cf\u4f5c\u70ba\u6642\u7a7a\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Husserl \u5c07\u8996\u57df\u5206\u70ba \u201c\u5167\u90e8\u2018internal\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5916\u90e8external\u201d \u548c \u201c\u6642\u9593 temporal\u201d \u8996\u57df\u3002 \u5167\u90e8\u8996\u57df\u662f\u5f9e\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8996\u57df\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f54\u64da\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u5b83\u6240\u662f\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u5f8c\u9762\u770b\u67d0\u4eba\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u6709\u4e00\u5f35\u81c9\u3002 \u6709\u4e00\u5f35\u81c9\u5c6c\u65bc\u8166\u888b\u7684\u5167\u8996\u57df\u3002 \u5916\u90e8\u8996\u91ce\u662f\u7531\u7269\u9ad4\u8207\u5176\u5468\u570d\u74b0\u5883\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u6839\u96fb\u7dda\u687f\u90e8\u5206\u906e\u64cb\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u8996\u7dda\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u96fb\u7dda\u687f\u5169\u5074\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u5c6c\u65bc\u540c\u4e00\u68df\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4f4d\u65bc\u96fb\u7dda\u687f\u5f8c\u9762\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u9084\u6191\u85c9\u5916\u90e8\u8996\u91ce\u611f\u77e5\u7269\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u90fd\u5f9e\u5916\u90e8\u8996\u57df\u7372\u5f97\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u7269\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u7a7a\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merleau-Ponty \u532f\u96c6\u4e86\u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\uff1a\u6c92\u6709\u8996\u57df\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u8996\u57df\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4f34\u96a8\u7269\u9ad4\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u9ad4-\u8996\u57df\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u8996\u89d2\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u3002 \u5167\u8996\u57df\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u5851\u9020\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u672a\u4f86\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u7279\u5fb5\u2014\u2014\u548c\u5916\u8996\u57df\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u5851\u9020\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u8207\u5176\u5468\u570d\u74b0\u5883\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u671f\u671b\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u7279\u5fb5\u2014\u2014\u662f\u5169\u500b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8996\u57df \u70ba\u4e86\u7406\u89e3 Gadamer \u5c0d\u8a72\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc Husserl \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u8996\u57df\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u5c0d\u50cf\u5728\u6211\u5011\u770b\u4f86\u90fd\u662f\u6642\u9593\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u6642\u9593\u4e0a\u7684\u5ef6\u5c55\u5c31\u50cf\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u7a7a\u9593\u4e0a\u7684\u5ef6\u5c55\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 \u7531\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u672a\u4f86\u555f\u793a\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u9810\u671f\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5167\u8996\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u7269\u9ad4\u8207\u5176\u74b0\u5883\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5916\u8996\u57df\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u662f\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u4e3b\u984c\u3002 \u672a\u4f86\u7684\u555f\u793a\u548c\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u5b83\u6210\u70ba\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\u4e26\u5c07\u5b83\u78ba\u7acb\u5728\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u904e\u53bb\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u6642\u9593\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 Husserl \u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u8996\u57df\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8996\u57df\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f &#8220;\u8996\u57df\u7684\/\u5730\u5e73\u7dda horizons&#8221; \u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 \u5b83\u5011\u5340\u5206\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u6771\u897f\u548c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5c07\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u9650\u5236\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4f7f\u611f\u77e5\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u3002 \u8996\u91ce\u958b\u95e2\u4e86\u672a\u4f86\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ba\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u3002 \u5728\u8996\u89ba\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u8207\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u5b83\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u6771\u897f\u548c\u5f8c\u9000\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u96a8\u8457\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u96a8\u8457\u6211\u5011\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u6216\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u800c\u8b8a\u5316\u800c\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\u3002 \u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8996\u57df\u662f\u70ba\u5c0d\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u6b63\u78ba\u7406\u89e3\u5c0d\u8c61\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u689d\u4ef6\u6210\u70ba\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002 \u4f5c\u70ba\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u5011\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5f15\u5c0e\u6211\u5011\u524d\u9032\uff0c\u6fc0\u767c\u8abf\u67e5\u4e26\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u671f\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u8b49\u5be6\u6216\u8b49\u507d\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u3002 \u80e1\u585e\u723e\u4e26\u4e0d\u5f37\u8abf\u8996\u91ce\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f37\u8abf\u8996\u91ce\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u5fb5\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5c0e\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u3002 \u9019\u986f\u7136\u8207\u65e5\u5e38\u5f37\u8abf\u8996\u57df\u70ba\u754c\u9650\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u99b3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gadamer \u5728 &#8220;Truth and Method&#8221; \u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u8996\u57df\u6642\uff0c\u660e\u78ba\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u53d7\u60e0\u65bc Husserl\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u8996\u57df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u73fe\u50cf\u5c0d\u65bc\u80e1\u585e\u723e\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u6709\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5c07\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cHusserl\u986f\u7136\u662f\u5728\u5c0b\u6c42\u6293\u4f4f\u6240\u6709\u6709\u9650\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u610f\u5411\u6027\u878d\u5165\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u96a8\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u79fb\u52d5\u4e26\u9080\u8acb\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u524d\u9032\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u69cb\u6210\u7d93\u9a57\u6d41\u7d71\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u610f\u5411\u6027\u8207\u5ba2\u89c0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u540c\u6a23\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u610f\u5411\u6027\u662f\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u3002 \u56e0\u70ba\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u6839\u64da\u4e16\u754c\u7d66\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4e5f\u662f\u7d66\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u201d( Truth and Method p 245.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gadamer \u7684\u5f37\u8abf\u8207 Husserl \u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff1a\u8996\u57df\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u610f\u7fa9\u5f9e\u76f4\u63a5\u7d66\u4e88\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u7d66\u4e88\u5b83\u7684\u6574\u500b\u8a9e\u5883\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u76f4\u63a5\u7d66\u51fa\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5f15\u5411\u63d0\u4f9b\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u80cc\u666f\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u81ea\u7136\u6703\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002 \u4f3d\u9054\u9ed8\u723e\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u80e1\u585e\u723e\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u55ae\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c0d\u5176\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u9020\uff1a\u4ed6\u5c07\u80e1\u585e\u723e\u7684\u8996\u57df\u8ad6\u8ff0\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u547d\u984c\u3002 \u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6bcf\u500b\u547d\u984c\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u8996\u91ce\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u60c5\u5883\u201d\u3002Husserl\u8aaa\u8996\u91ce\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u8b8a\u5f97\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f3d\u9054\u9ed8\u723e\u8aaa\u8996\u91ce\u4f7f\u547d\u984c\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u8a9e\u8a00\u800c\u975e\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8207\u5c0d\u8a71\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u4e00\u500b\u547d\u984c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5c0d\u7d66\u5b9a\u5ba2\u89c0\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u518d\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u9996\u5148\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5b83\u5c6c\u65bc\u6b77\u53f2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5b83\u8207\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u9032\u884c\u6b77\u53f2\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u5b9a\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u52d5\u6a5f\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u542b\u7fa9\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u5448\u73fe\u4e00\u500b\u53e5\u5b50\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5448\u73fe\u5b83\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8996\u91ce\u3002\u201d(Hermeneutics and truth, ed. Brice Wachterhauser, p 44)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u904e\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u4f3d\u9054\u9ed8\u723e\u70ba\u8996\u754c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5728\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u4e8b\u7269\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u611f\u77e5\u4e8b\u7269\uff1b \u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u95b1\u8b80\u53e5\u5b50\u4f46\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u542b\u7fa9\u3002 \u8207\u80e1\u585e\u723e\u5f62\u6210\u9bae\u660e\u5c0d\u6bd4\u7684\u662f\uff0cGadamer \u8072\u7a31\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u8996\u91ce\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u201c\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5225\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u624d\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u6b77\u53f2\u8996\u91ce\u201d\u3002 (Truth and Method (New York: Crossroad, 1989), p.305)\u56de\u5230\u8996\u89ba\u96b1\u55bb\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8996\u91ce\u7684\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f \u8996\u89ba\u6a19\u8a18\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u7f6e\u65bc\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u3002 \u7f3a\u4e4f\u6df1\u5ea6\u77e5\u89ba\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5c07\u7121\u6cd5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5224\u65b7\u7269\u9ad4\u6216\u4e8b\u5be6\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002 \u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6b77\u53f2\u6216\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eba\u5c07\u7121\u6cd5\u5224\u65b7\u7269\u9ad4\u6216\u4e8b\u5be6\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002 Gadamer\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u7684\u4eba\u770b\u5f97\u4e0d\u5920\u9060\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6703\u9ad8\u4f30\u96e2\u4ed6\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u201d (Truth and Method, 1989), p.302) \u5c0d Husserl \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u900f\u8996\u611f\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7269\u9ad4\u5728\u5176\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u611f\u3002 \u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u8996\u91ce\u5c07\u662f\u4e00\u7d44\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u4e26\u5c31\u5176\u4e3b\u984c\u7406\u89e3\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gadamer \u5f9e\u611f\u77e5\u8f49\u5411\u901a\u904e\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4ed6\u5c0d Husserl \u7684\u6279\u8a55\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5373Husserl \u5728\u7372\u53d6\u77e5\u8b58\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\u5728\u89e3\u91cb\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u5176\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u95dc\u4fc2\u6642\u904e\u65bc\u91cd\u8996\u611f\u5b98\u77e5\u89ba\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f \u53cd\u6620\u4e86 Heidegger \u5728 &#8220;Being and Time&#8221; \u4e2d\u5c0d \u201c\u8996\u57df\u201d \u4e00\u8a5e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 Heidegger\u5728 &#8220;Being and Time&#8221; \u4e4b\u524d\u5076\u723e\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u4ed6\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 \u201c\u6642\u9593\u4f5c\u70ba\u4efb\u4f55\u5c0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u8996\u754c\u201d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002(Being and Time, trans. Joan Stambaugh (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1996), p. xix) \u660e\u78ba\u5730\u8ac7\u5230\u6642\u9593\u8996\u754c\uff0cHeidegger\u8aaa\uff0c\u8996\u57df\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u548c\u672a\u4f86\uff09 \u672a\u4f86\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u5716\u5f0f\uff09\u201c\u4f7f\u70ba\u4e86\u8207\u70ba\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u806f\u7e6b\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\uff1b(Being and Time, p. 334.) \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4f7f\u5c07\u67d0\u7269\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd . \u5728 &#8220;The Basic Problems of Phenomenology&#8221; \u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07\u8996\u57df\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u201c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u72c2\u559c\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u90fd\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5411\u5176\u958b\u653e\u2026\u2026\u904b\u52d5\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u958b\u653e\u7bc4\u570d\u201d\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u8207 Gadamer \u548cHusserl \u4e00\u6a23\uff0cHeidegger \u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8853\u8a9e \u201c\u8996\u57df\u201d \u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u7e3d\u662f\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u5f15\u5411\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u500b\u7acb\u5834\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5448\u73fe\u70ba\u9650\u5236\u7684\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u201d\u3002 \u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u201c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6211\u5011\u201c\u8996\u91ce\u7bc4\u570d\u9010\u6f38\u64f4\u5927\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u64c1\u6709\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u201c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4e0d\u53d7\u9644\u8fd1\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u5b83\u201d\u3002 (Truth and Method, p302) \u770b\u4e86\u4e4b\u5f8c Husserl \u548c Heidegger \u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4f3d\u9054\u9ed8\u723e\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e0d\u662f\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9650\u5236\u5167\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u63e1\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f Husserl \u548c Gadamer \u5c0d\u8a72\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5340\u5225\u3002 \u611f\u77e5\u7bc4\u570d\u59cb\u7d42\u5b58\u5728\uff1b \u7406\u89e3\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7372\u5f97\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u7576\u6211\u5011\u8a66\u5716\u7406\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4f5c\u8005\u6216\u6f14\u8b1b\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3002 \u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u6216\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u610f\u5716\uff08\u5118\u7ba1\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8996\u91ce\u662f\u4f7f\u4e3b\u984c\u6613\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u982d\u8166\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u7279\u5fb5\u3002Gadamer\u5beb\u9053\uff0c&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e5\u5b50\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u8996\u57df\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\u6b77\u53f2\u8a9e\u5883\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8996\u57df\u9019\u5169\u500b\u8996\u57df\u4e0d\u7121\u95dc\u806f\u3002 \u7576 Descartes \u8aaa\u8eab\u9ad4\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u53f0\u6a5f\u5668\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8eab\u9ad4\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6a5f\u5668\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f \u548c machine were \u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u5728 Descartes \u7684\u8a9e\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a31\u67d0\u7269\u70ba\u6a5f\u5668\u8868\u793a\u5c0d\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u548c\u7cbe\u6e5b\u5de5\u85dd\u7684\u8b9a\u63da\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u660e\u767d\u201c\u4eba\u9ad4\u662f\u6a5f\u5668\u201d\u9019\u4e00\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u8207\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c \u77e5\u9053\u5728Descartes\u7684\u8a9e\u5883\u4e2d\u5c07\u67d0\u7269\u7a31\u70ba\u6a5f\u5668\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5b83\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u5728\u67d0\u500b\u6642\u523b\u5d29\u6f70\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u5728 17 \u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u201c\u8eab\u9ad4\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u53c8\u8207\u201c\u8eab\u9ad4\u201d\u50c5\u6307\u52d5\u7269\u6216\u4eba\u985e\u7269\u8cea\u6642\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u8996\u91ce\u672c\u8eab\u6703\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u8996\u91ce\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u3002 \u5728\u8655\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6642\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u8996\u91ce\u5c31\u662f\u4f3d\u9054\u9ed8\u723e\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u53e5\u5b50\u542b\u7fa9\u7684\u5019\u9078\u8005\u662f\u7531\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u7d66\u51fa\u7684\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5167\u8996\u754c\u4e5f\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u5916\u8996\u754c\u3002 \u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u90fd\u662f\u5c0d\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5408\u7406\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u4f5c\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7834\u788e\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u8207\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7406\u4e8b\u7269\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u8207\u7121\u751f\u547d\u4e8b\u7269\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff09\uff1b \u5982\u679c\u5c0d\u201c\u6a5f\u5668\u201d\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5c0e\u81f4\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u8eab\u9ad4\u505a\u51fa\u8352\u8b2c\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u62d2\u7d55\u9019\u7a2e\u89e3\u91cb\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5728\u201c\u6a5f\u5668\u201d\u4e00\u8a5e\u548c\u77ed\u8a9e\u201c\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9435\u201d\u4e4b\u9593\u627e\u5230 17 \u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u662f Descartes \u8072\u7a31\u7684 \u201c\u6a5f\u5668\u201d \u7684\u542b\u7fa9 &#8211; \u8eab\u9ad4\u662f\u4e00\u53f0\u6a5f\u5668\u3002 \u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8a9e\u5883\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u8996\u91ce\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u771f\u5be6\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8a9e\u5883\u3002 \u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e00\u500b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u548c\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e00\u500b\u53e5\u5b50\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u771f\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5169\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u5c0d\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u8996\u754c\u878d\u5408\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u6070\u7576\u5730\u7a31\u70ba\u878d\u5408\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u628a Gadamer \u5c0d\u8996\u754c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4f7f\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u500b\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u4ed6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u3002 \u7576\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u9032\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a0\u6b0a\u4ee5\u5c0e\u81f4\u8207\u6700\u521d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u8996\u91ce\u5c31\u6703\u878d\u5408\u3002 \u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u5c0d\u53ef\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b58\u81f3\u5c11\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5c0d\u521d\u59cb\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u5076\u7136\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u65b0\u5354\u8b70 \u5169\u65b9\u5c31\u4e8b\u8ad6\u4e8b\u3002 \u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u90fd\u88ab\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e26\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u898b\u5730\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u958b\u95ca\u4e86\uff1b \u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u820a\u89c0\u9ede\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u9084\u6709\u65b0\u89c0\u9ede\u3002 \u9019\u5c31\u662f\u2018\u8996\u57df\u878d\u5408\u2019\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0cHirsch \u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u5c31\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u3002 \u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u8996\u754c\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u8996\u754c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u90fd\u662f\u5c0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6771\u897f\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u6539\u8b8a\u8996\u754c\u548c\u7522\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5225\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002 \u5c07\u8996\u754c\u8996\u70ba\u6975\u9650\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c07\u8d85\u8d8a\u6975\u9650\u8996\u70ba\u8de8\u8d8a\u8996\u754c\u3002 \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5011\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6771\u897f\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8de8\u8d8a\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\uff1a\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5411\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u6070\u7576\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u5305\u542b\u5728\u66f4\u5ee3\u95ca\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167 \u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u3002 \u6bcf\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u6216\u7576\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u6b0a\u8861\u5df2\u77e5\u77e5\u8b58\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8996\u91ce\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u5316\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u8d8a\u6211\u5011\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u754c\u9650\u3002 Gadamer\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5b83\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u7d55\u5c0d\u5730\u675f\u7e1b\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u5c01\u9589\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u662f\u6211\u5011\u9032\u5165\u4e26\u8207\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u8d77\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002 \u8996\u91ce\u96a8\u8457\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u4eba\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\u3002(Truth and Method, p304)\u5f9e\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8b1b\uff0c\u201c\u79fb\u52d5\u201d\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7372\u5f97\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u65b0\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u900f\u8996\u611f\uff0cGadamer \u627f\u8a8d\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\uff0c\u5373\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6240\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u5167\u9047\u5230\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u80e1\u585e\u723e\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u6642\u7a7a\u611f\u77e5\u4e16\u754c\u3002 \u7531\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9673\u8ff0\u4f5c\u70ba\u9673\u8ff0\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5916\u8a9e\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u201c\u6b77\u53f2\u610f\u8b58\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8996\u57df\u4e2d\u201d\u3002(Truth and Method, p304) Gadamer\u81ea\u7136\u6703\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6709 \u6c92\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8996\u754c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u8981\u8ac7\u8ad6\u8996\u754c\u7684\u878d\u5408\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4e00\u500b\u8996\u754c\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff1f(Truth and Method, p306) \u4ed6\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\uff0c\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4e00\u500b\u8996\u754c\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u80cc\u666f\u4fe1\u5ff5\u4e4b\u9593\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\u95dc\u4fc2 \u5f62\u6210\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u4e26\u5f62\u6210\u5206\u6b67\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002 \u5f37\u8abf\u8907\u6578\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u8868\u660e\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u4f5c\u4ee5\u7d44\u7e54\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u56e0\u6b64\u9019\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b64\u8655\u9996\u5148\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u9054\u6210\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u540c\u610f\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u51fa\u65bc\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u7406\u7531\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5354\u8b70\u7248\u672c\u3002 Gadamer \u5c0d\u8996\u754c\u878d\u5408\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u6b63\u78ba\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u89f8\u53ca\u9019\u500b\u4e2d\u9593\u5730\u5e36\u3002 \u5b83\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u64da Gadamer \u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7406\u89e3\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u5c0d\u8a71\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u9054\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u770b\u5f85\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u65b0\u8996\u89d2 \u2014\u2014 \u9019\u7a2e\u8996\u89d2\u4f86\u81ea\u5c0d\u8a71\u8005\u7684\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u4e26\u57fa\u65bc\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u65b0\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0d\u8a71\u5c31\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002 \u7d22\u8ce0\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u6700\u521d\u5982\u4f55\u8a55\u50f9\u8b49\u64da\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u4e3b\u984c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u4e48\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u7f6e\u65bc\u53ef\u80fd\u8a55\u4f30\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u3002 \u7121\u8ad6\u54ea\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u5c0d\u4e3b\u984c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u5076\u7136\u6027\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hans-Georg Gadamer(1900\u20132002\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5fb7\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5275\u7acb\u300c\u54f2\u5b78\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u300d\uff08\u5373\u95dc\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u89e3\u91cb\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u554f\uff09\u800c\u805e\u540d\u65bc\u4e16\u3002\u5728 Martin Heidegger \u7684\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0cGadamer \u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u90a3\u7a2e\u8a8d\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\u53ea\u662f\u5c0d\u4f5c\u8005\u539f\u610f\u9032\u884c\u91cd\u69cb\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u771f\u7406\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff081960\u5e74\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u7531\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8655\u5883\u3001\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ca\u5148\u9a57\u5047\u8a2d\u6240\u5851\u9020\u7684\uff0d\u4ed6\u5c07\u6b64\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u53d7\u6b77\u53f2\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u300d\uff08historically effected consciousness\uff09\u3002 \u5c0d Gadamer \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u4e26\u975e\u6a5f\u68b0\u5730\u5957\u7528\u67d0\u7a2e\u56fa\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u8207\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7368\u7279\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u5049\u5927\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u3001\u6587\u672c\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u80fd\u5920\u8d85\u8d8a\u6211\u5011\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u5851\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8996\u91ce\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u4e26\u975e\u50c5\u7531\u4e3b\u89c0\u89e3\u91cb\u8005\u6240\u5efa\u69cb\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u8207\u67d0\u7a2e\u80fd\u5920\u6311\u6230\u3001\u62d3\u5c55\u4e26\u6539\u8b8a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4f3d\u9054\u9ed8\u723e\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u5c07\u5c0d\u8a71\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u958b\u653e\u6027\u7f6e\u65bc\u63a2\u6c42\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002 It is the tyranny of hidden prejudice that make us deaf to what speaks to us in tradition \u9019\u53e5\u8457\u540d\u7684\u53f0\u8a5e\u4f86\u81ea\u5fb7\u570b\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6f22\u65af-\u683c\u5967\u723e\u683c\u00b7\u52a0\u9054\u9ed8\uff08Hans-Georg Gadamer\uff09\u65bc1960\u5e74\u5728\u5176\u54f2\u5b78\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u771f\u7406\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Wahrheit und Methode\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002 \u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u610f\u601d*\u504f\u898b\u4e26\u975e\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u58de\uff1aGadamer \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u504f\u898b\uff08Vorurteile\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u300c\u9810\u5148\u5224\u65b7\u300d\u2014\u2014\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ad4\u9a57\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6846\u67b6\u6216\u6b77\u53f2\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e4b\u5916\u3002 *\u96b1\u85cf\u504f\u898b\u7684\u5371\u96aa\uff1a\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5047\u88dd\u81ea\u5df1\u6c92\u6709\u504f\u898b\uff08\u4ed6\u5c07\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e7b\u89ba\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u555f\u8499\u904b\u52d5\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u504f\u898b\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u96bb\u773c\u7f69\u3002 *\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u300c\u807e\u300d\uff1a\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u504f\u898b\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u96b1\u85cf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5047\u8a2d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u3002 \u9019\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u6587\u672c\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u6216\u50b3\u7d71\u8a66\u5716\u5411\u6211\u5011\u50b3\u9054\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3001\u6311\u6230\u8207\u898b\u89e3\u5b8c\u5168\u5c01\u9589\uff08\u300c\u807e\u300d\uff09\u3002 *\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u9700\u8981\u958b\u653e\u3002 &hellip; <a 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