世界的連結,由陸路、到海路、而至空中……
二次大戰由德國及日本引起,從而使俄國、美國主導了世界至今。現在,中國能否主導世界?還是……
日本又如何能於短短時間內崛起?……
日本
十八世紀德川幕府將中國的理學定為官學,禁研究其他哲學。但少數對幕府感到不滿的知識份子却仍繼續研究西方學問……
還有一些人基於儒家與愛國理由而反對德川幕府。依儒學服從尊長是至高德行,那德川將軍與天皇的關係究竟為何?即使重寫歷史亦無法不聯想到將軍的地位足篡奪而得,有些日本學者更冒死而言此。有些則捨儒而擁護傳統,發揚古代神道教的精神,虔誠地將矇矓不清的神話與儀式發展成更有系統而引人的教義。最值得注意是,這些各持異見的思想流派逐漸合為一、互相支持。
西學受重視不單在其本身價值,且更因其突顯儒學過去未受指摘的缺點。由此倒募、尊皇、愛國主義、崇尚西學便結合成一種知識性地下組織……另有些「外樣大名」仍記得自己的祖先是德川的對手、而非臣民,因而上述思想觀念受到有力保護……
因之日本開國猶如缷下扳機,開國未造成革命却讓反對者取得政權、繼而在尊皇攘夷下開展推動一連串西他新政策……
沒有任何亞洲民族像日本人能做好如此充分的準備,利用與歐洲文明接觸的機會取得優勢。沒有任何亞洲民族像日本一樣,在德川幕府時代同時呈現兩種理想對立的文化二元性與緊張拉鋸。
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