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Daily Archives: January 31, 2015
做假
「新中國」的崛起只是國家資本主義的一種偏富現象,至於是否強,則有待進一步的証明。但中國的崛起至今只能証明與現代文明有不可誇越的鴻溝;此從阿里巴巴在美國所可能興起的作假集體訴訟可見一班外,在內部的各式各樣的作假、作大,由上海假蘭芳園、再紹興的假再興燒臘店到各式各樣食品、日用品等的作假…更顯示文明文化的創造性己然斷絕… http://hkm.appledaily.com/detail.php?guid=19023833&category_guid=4104&category=daily&issue=20150131
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Michael Marder
當我們讚頌着自身文化的悠厚,述說着佛教文化在中國的開花結果;並學着講環保、倡素食時。其實我們有沒有反省過、想過,這一個我們所置身的世界對人的意義?當我們倡議素食時,又有沒有認真正去想想在這哲學邊緣所擁筷着的非人類、非動物性眾生 ~ 植物的存在價值、以至於植物之於素食生活的存有論、倫理意義?加拿大哲學家Michael Marder,主力於當代哲學的現象學傳統、環保思想、及政治哲學的研究,在其《植物性思維 ~ 素食生活的哲學》一書中將素食生活重置於形上學解構之中。他指出我們需要超越人類素食文化傳統的狹隘工具性,而應以整體邏輯重新認識素食的可能性與植物行為的種種存在特性相結合。他指出我們需要超越人類素食文化傳統的狹隘工具性,而應以整體邏輯重新認識素食的可能性與植物行為的種種存在特性相結合;並重新建構植物生命的後形上學意義。他重點地放諸於植物生命的時間性、自由、物性知識或智慧等的獨特性中去探討,「植物性思維」是對植物、或者更多地回歸於人類思維中的植物似(plantlike)的一種非認知的、非觀念性的、非意象性思維模式。 2014年,Michael Marder 推出第二本相關的另一本作品《哲學家的植物:知識分子的植物標本館》:儘管我們對於素食生活的概念性過敏致使哲學家們對發芽、生長、開花、結果、繁殖、腐朽等的抽象概念予以圖象化,並在自然背景下以對話、文字、以至於各種論述形式,並伴隨以醫學的、食用的、甚至美學的進路來述說花、樹、甚至草的種種樣樣植物品種。 在《哲學家的植物》一書中,Marder 重新開啟數世紀以來有關素食、以及其中隱藏己久的論述內核。他選取了哲學史中十二位標誌性哲學家,從柏拉圖、亞里斯多德、普鲁丁、到萊布尼玆、康德、黑格爾等的十二種植物學相關論述,重新通過人類與植物關係的演化來重鑄哲學的理論發展。對於後形上時代的哲學史,本書可說重啟了人類思想中的有機傳統。通過了以素食的圖象、以例子與隱喻、釐清了哲學中盤根錯結的種種,為讀者開闢了一個全新的視域。 長久以來,中國人、中國知識份子只會推崇自己的固有傳統,即使在吸收外部知識、思想、文化 … 時亦只知鸚鵡學語,更不能跳出框框。反觀西方知識份子却能將問題提升、並將之置於整全宏觀的視域下予以審視。因之西方知識能一波波地推向高峯、一爿爿的新境域。
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