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Daily Archives: December 26, 2016
John Rawls對哲學本身的看法
要了解John Rawls對哲學本身的看法,最好當然是由他的隻言片語中去了解。但這似乎真的有點困難,因為他甚少公開接受訪問;而其作品亦是只就其思考、問題而論述,“純粹個人”的似乎少了…… 一個思想成熟的人當然會明白,即使自己多麼有道理、多麽思想正確都好,也並非都能得到人人的認同、接受。John Rawls作為政治哲學家當然更能明白個中道理:人人都應有其獨立思考、亦應有其偏好,社會亦應在多元化之下發展。若然人人都趨向於哲學、或哲學化的風氣,那就像三四十年代的人那樣,為馬克斯、為法西斯所瘋狂……可能真的很危險、或至少不是件好事(想想:單一化的社會、或思想/思維與《1984》所述的社會距離有多遠?) 人獲得真理就獲得自由。 這會是真的?即使是,又有多少人能承受得起那自由?哲學若作為對真理的尋求,若然又受到情感的驅動那又是何種景象?科學可以發展出原子彈,但用原子彈來殺人的是人,不是科學。馬克斯發現了資本主義的弊端,但當整個社會因而受馬克斯思想所建構成的共產主義所瘋狂,那是好?是壞? …… 哲學本是理性思考的活動,若然浸入情感(當然從喜好上言此是難免)而又只是受情感的操弄,那確是會帶來一定程度的壞處…… 也許感情過於豐富的人、或覺得哲學“太乾”的人,也未必適合讀哲學;當然這無礙於去作哲學性、或哲學化的思考…… 我非有識之士,以上只是個人的一些想法 …………………… “他如何對待有志以研習哲學為終生職業的學生。羅爾斯的態度非常務實。他斬釘截鐵表示,除非學生非常熱愛,否則他很少鼓勵學生以此為職業;甚至他會勸學生三思而行,因為哲學的出路實在有太多困難。他甚至認為,按社會標準而言,學生從事其他事業,就可能有較好收入。學習哲學真正的得着,只有自己才會明白箇中真諦。他也表示,縱使哲學家的理論有多好,當前的社會也很少關注哲學。但羅爾斯強調,這一點絕不是埋怨,反而可能是好事。” 哲學家訪談:對話羅爾斯
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 獨語一瓢酌 soliloquy, 讀一瓢酌 Read
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