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Author Said Something
Monthly Archives: January 2017
科學與倫理學
人類知識(嚴格來說經驗知識)需要聯想、或可以由聯想而起。但只有、或單單聯想並不足以構成知識;由聯想而進一步去建構、創造、証立才能建立對外在世界的知識。唯於此須清晰 聯想 與 知識 之 *間距*,即如何經由聯想而一步步趨向、建構知識? 耶稣說:不要見人眼中刺,而不見自己眼裏樑。在 聖經中的這個場境中,耶穌是否公平公義?是否可能愛上了那被指稱是妓女的女人?……這是(我的)聯想,這需要確立。這確立需要經由歷史、文化等的考証。若耶穌是因愛那女人而說了那話,那耶穌於此似乎並不是公平公義(因明顯這已有私人感情在內);即使耶穌並非因為那女人,我們亦要考慮,當時人們對妓女的懲罰是否如此,若是如此而耶穌制止,那此制止是合情合理嗎?這能表現耶穌的公平公義嗎?…… 在自然科學話語中,為什麼應該希望概念盡量適合於這個世界?這是十分清楚的。但在規範性話語中,為什麼希望概念適合於這世界?這却不十分清楚…… 科學用概念解釋這個(物理/自然)世界,建立理論並“利用”這個世界。倫理學(規範性用語的學科)中,我們不能總是為了適應這個世界而修飾我們的概念。我們有時必須從各個方面努力來重構這個世界,以使之更充分地與我們的概念相吻合。正正是因為如此,我們以此為原則,我們會覺得林鄭的所作所為有問題。在此我們即是以規範性的原則(倫理學原則)來反對林鄭……
Posted in 混沌一瓢酌 chaos, 獨語一瓢酌 soliloquy
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人
人之作為人皆因人生理上只有一雙只會向前看、有時甚至只會向上看而 _對下_ 不肖一顧。因而會為自身、環境“造就”了一個結,而此結反過來成為劫。「歸根結底,劫是一個完全人為構造的概念。」 「在這個過程中,在一次又一次失敗裏,我們砥礪心靈、認識自我、戰勝矇昧和愚蠢,然後成長。」但人却又很容易很自負、此自負更往往因為自身的地位而更加强化、且又掉落在一群同類的人(或不能互相砥礪挺拔、或互為方丈氣量玻璃心的氛圍中)……如此,一切的聰明才智只會助長人、群體的陷落、忘失……一切理性都會、亦只有茫失……理性雖是一個人類可以得到的條件,但它不是我們總可以得到的一個條件。所以,人類必須被教育或培養以傾聽理性的聲音。因為人類並非十足的理性者
Posted in 獨語一瓢酌 soliloquy
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科學
科學總令人不會有一成不變之處在於一旦有新數據、新發現,在論述團體、或領域中能起到有力的論據即可以予以“翻天覆地”的震撼。文中提及的阿姆斯特丹大學的理論物理學教授Erik Verlinde提出愛因斯坦的重力理論、宇宙間的黑暗物質都是不存在的……有興趣者不妨看看。內文亦附有Erik Verlinde教授的論文提供下載 弦理論是理論物理學中結合量子場論與廣義相對論所成的“萬有理論theory of everything”,它企圖對「存在/物質」予以總括性、一致性的理論物理學解釋;並希望由此對宇宙物理奥秘進行統一性的解釋。由於廣義相對論是現代理論物理學中以幾何語言來描述引力理論:引力是時空的一種幾何屬性(曲率),而這種時空曲率與處於時空中的物質與輻射的能量~動量與張量直接相聯繫,其聯繫方式即是Einstein的引力場方程。量子場論(Quantum field theory)是量子力學和狹義相對論相結合的物理理理,它廣泛的應用於粒子物理學和凝聚體物理學中。量子場論為描述多自由度系統(粒子的無定向性任意運動),尤其是包含粒子產生和湮滅過程的過程,提供了有效的描述框架。因此,科學家期待利用弦理論來解釋物質宇宙的整體性結構、生成……。我的理解Erik Verlinde的論文其實是在理論上對物質的微觀結構(物質的量子化狀態)進行論述。在量子化狀態下,重力的意義已非日常生活的意義(如蘋果落地),亦非「物質」的重要性質…… 其實,弦理論、量子力學等理論物理學在哲學上亦有很多值得討論與應用的價值。zizek的“less than nothing”即利用了黑格爾與量子力學來“說明、或重構”辨証唯物論…… 另big think文中亦提及一個概念“emergent”,此“emergence”在近代哲學家與科學家之間亦引起了深切的關注,可參考paul Humphreys 的 “emergence” 一書(牛津大學出版社2016) Remarkable New Theory Says There’s No Gravity, No Dark Matter, and Einstein Was Wrong
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 讀一瓢酌 Read
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方丈氣量玻璃心
一個自認為強大、很好的國家,但却常怕人脱離它、背叛它。它又常說不要干預人家內政,但當鄰舍有什麼舉措、打個哈嚏,它的神經線却又會繃緊起,說人家威脅了它、干預了它的內政……它天天嚷着要和諧,要人認同它是老大,要一家親,要唯一……但却在公共地方霸這佔那、耀武揚威、要脅人不認同就要開打……對着自己的“兄弟”,强要人不可分家、要這要那,但却愛拿着刀左晃右晃。當人家對那“兄弟”好一點,就心生嫉妒、心中不好味道、在那兒蹦蹦跳跳、七孔生煙,但却又不想想自家的那副尊容、不想想若自家是好的,人家自會親近、自會愛上你……這真是好一個方丈氣量玻璃心
Posted in 混沌一瓢酌 chaos, 獨語一瓢酌 soliloquy
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