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Daily Archives: August 3, 2021
meritocracy trap
躺平/貧窮。。。並不是祗有中國才有的現象,而是社會發展不公、制度缺失必然出現的問題。 著名耶魯大學法學教授Daniel Markovits提出了一項革命性的新論點,抨擊精英統治的虛假承諾 優勢應該通過能力和努力來獲得,這是美國生活的一個公理。即使這個國家每時每刻都在分裂,但精英理想——社會和經濟獎勵應該跟隨成就而不是培養——佔據著至高無上的地位。民主黨人和共和黨人都堅持重複任人唯賢的觀念。任人唯賢切中了我們的本質。它支撐著美國夢。 但是,如果無論在社會階梯上還是下層,任人唯賢都是騙局呢?今天,任人唯賢已經成為它所設想的抵制的東西:一種財富和特權在幾代人之間集中和王朝傳遞的機制。向上流動已成為一種幻想,四面楚歌的中產階級現在更有可能陷入工作窮人而不是職業精英。與此同時,任人唯賢現在甚至使那些設法登上頂峰的人陷入困境,要求富人以壓倒性的強度工作,利用他們昂貴的教育來獲取回報。這一切都不是精英制度偏離或退縮的結果,而是直接源於精英制度的成功。 這是Markovits以罕見的力量起訴的激進論點。Markovits非常適合揭露精英統治的騙局。在精英大學度過了他的一生,他從內部了解我們被困在其中的腐蝕性系統。Markovits也知道,如果我們明白精英統治的不平等會產生近乎普遍的傷害,我們就可以治愈它。當精英政治揭示了精英機器的內部運作時,它也照亮了向外邁出的第一步,邁向一個可能再次為美國人民提供尊嚴和繁榮的新世界。
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 讀一瓢酌 Read
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