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Daily Archives: August 14, 2021
the narrow corridor
香港的問題使人不得不思考自由與民主的問題。以前社會雖然有種種不公,但它至少有個規則:有如在一條劃了線的路上,任何車都得按規則行走;要超車都得打燈按程序。可是現在我們發現:任何車輛衹要贏你一個車頭,就可以任意逼你讓它。情況更壞的是:如果後頭的車噸位比你大,它按個喇叭,你就得閃開讓它先走。。。而且情況似乎越來越壞 民主在退潮,自由在崩壞,身處動盪的時代,馴服國家機器、保障公民自由的關鍵究竟何在? 《國家為什麼會失敗》作者 跨越千年政治、經濟與歷史,解答人類歷史上最大的政治難題。 為什麼有些國家能保障自由,有些國家卻宰割公民?還有些國家徒具形式,根本無法有效治理? 自由,意謂不受他人力量宰制,無須時時生活在恐懼之中。可是,綜觀人類歷史數千年,自由十分罕見。多數時候,強者為所欲為,弱者任憑宰割。理當維持秩序的國家機器若非不存在,就是淪為壓迫的幫兇。為什麼會這樣? 艾塞默魯與羅賓森教授回顧古今中外,引領讀者走訪一個又一個文明故事。從雅典城邦、阿拉伯與中東、非洲、夏威夷與大洋洲、前蘇聯、歐洲、中國與美國。兩位作者主張:國家機器強,社會更要強,互相制衡,踏入「窄廊」,自由才有保障。 本書結合兩位最優秀的政治與經濟學家,奠基於多年原創研究,建構一套清晰、具體的政治經濟學模型。非常適合回應當前全球關心的重大課題: ◆ 如何約束國家機器、進入通往自由的窄廊?這是西方國家的專利嗎? ◆ 具有中國特色的自由,是自由嗎?專制國家締造經濟榮景後,能夠回頭保障公民自由嗎?數位極權國家崛起,會終結自由秩序嗎? ◆ 國家在什麼狀況下無法繼續保障自由?國家機器失控,還是社會癱瘓國家?美國有可能成為下一個失去自由的國度嗎?臺灣呢?
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