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Daily Archives: August 5, 2022
Pelosi訪台 、中國與國際關係
Pelosi的訪台與中國巨嬰式的反應不其然令人想起國際關係的今昔 倪世雄《當代西方國際關係理論》以西方國際關係理論史上三次大論戰為主線,全面系統地論述了西方國際關係理論的歷史淵源及其波瀾壯闊的發展歷程,前後時間跨度為80年,內容涵蓋西方近十個主要學派及其代表人物和幾十種有影響的理論觀點。包括威爾遜的理想主義、摩根索的現實主義和華爾滋的新現實主義等等。 作者在書中對各學派、各主要理論的內容及研究方法作詳盡評述的同時,重點介紹分析了近20年來西方國際關係理論的最新發展和探索,如20世紀90年代興起的“軟權力論”、“地緣經濟學”等,以及關於國際安全和全球化的新觀察、新論點。 其實,當我們審視現今國際形勢及關係,我們會發現基辛格(Henry Alfred Kissinger)式的傳統國際關係己經不合時宜;而王毅所言的更是令人啼笑皆非。本書雖說是當代,但所述皆傳統式的國際關係理論 Andrew Heywood “Key Concepts in Politics and International Relations(-Palgrave Macmillan Ltd)是政治學與國際關係的辭典,但本書對每個詞彙的說明並不是泛泛數語的名詞解釋。對於政治學與國際關係的重要概念,本書皆進行清晰且完整的界定,並且進一步介紹各個概念在理論界與實務界的重要性及其被運用的情況。本書是想要瞭解政治學與國際關係的讀者不可缺少的必備讀物,也是讀者在研讀本書作者所著的教科書《政治學》與《全球政治》時最佳的輔助用書。 “Cosmopolitanism as Nonrelationism: Who is Cosmopolitan Now?“書表明,關於世界主義(cosmopolitanism),除了對世界國家的大膽認可或對個人平等道德價值的謙卑承認之外,還有更多的東西可以說,這使每個人都成為世界主義者。識別傳統概念的問題並解開世界主義範式中的各種立場,它引入了更為精緻的世界主義概念作為非關係主義(nonrelationism),它否認同胞或其他相關個人(如家庭成員或朋友)之間未衍生的特殊義務。 作為非關係主義的世界主義有望克服一個根深蒂固的爭論,即每個人都是世界主義者,並帶回傳統上與該術語相關的激進特徵。它將世界主義描繪成一個獨特而徹底的立場,挑戰Barry, Caney, Nussbaum, 和Pogge等經典支持者,並質疑他們的理論的世界主義特徵。作為非關係主義的世界主義在沒有規定任何不可行的全球秩序的情況下對世界政治產生影響:它建立了評估制度的規範標準,並為新制度的發展提供了指導。 在一個日益複雜的世界中,我們如何理解權力? “Political Hegemony and Social Complexity: Mechanisms of Power After Gramsci“建議我們可以通過複雜性理論(complexity theory)的資源重新思考政治霸權的理論和實踐來做到這一點。本書以Gramsci對霸權(hegemony)的理解為出發點,認為當代權力的錯綜複雜性可以通過應用從復雜性理論中提取的概念來繪製,例如湧現(emergence)、自組織(self-organisation)、亞穩態(metastability)和生成性防禦(generative … Continue reading
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