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Daily Archives: November 18, 2022
Modern Liberty: And the Limits of Government
現代福利國家如何重新定義我們的個人自由概念? 我們可以自由地通過言語、工作或性來表達自己嗎? Charles Fried 認為平等往往是自由最有力的對手,他展示了錯綜複雜的政府法規如何支持和威脅我們的個人自由。 現代自由以當代生活中的例子進行了豐富的說明,生動地與日常美國人的經歷和需求相關。 這是Hayek的” The Road to Serfdom”更新版,當時我們已經將法西斯主義和馬克思主義的暴政牢牢地拋在身後,但仍然面臨著對我們自由的更仁慈、更溫和的威脅。 有了Fried的見解,讀者將能夠更好地保護自己免受左派和右派限制他們促進美德、平等或國家偉大的自由。 現代自由對我們現在生活的社會有著深遠的影響。 Charles Fried 是哈佛大學法學教授、Reagan第二任政府時期的美國前總檢察長,他多次努力說服最高法院推翻Roe v. Wade訴訟案。但自 1961 年起斷斷續續擔任哈佛大學法學教授的Fried,在新右翼的文化鬥士和道德多數主義者中從來都不自在,即使在Reagan的領導下,他也代表了共和黨中正在衰落的殘餘。二十年後,他仍然是他一直以來的樣子:一個博學、尖刻的自由主義者,渴望與審查員、監管者、社會工程師和各行各業的道貌岸然的愛管閒事的人作鬥爭。 Fried 的大部分著作——一部關於契約理論的經典著作、一本Reagan革命的回憶錄、一本憲法入門讀物——都以這樣或那樣的方式證明了他的自由放任個人主義信條,他的新書是沒有例外。Fried滿懷希望地打開了這部作品。 他渴望為我們的時代寫一本關於自由的書,一本與六十年前” The Road to Serfdom”一樣重要的書。Fried向自己提出了一項艱鉅的挑戰:他將嘗試確定什麼是自由,每個人的自由如何實現 與其他人的立場,以及為了什麼目標可以正確地犧牲自由( p 39 )。Fried宣稱他的目標是提供一個密切的、公平的爭論的治療,他宣布他將在沒有技術裝備的情況下攀登頂峰。他的著作 ”Modern Liberty and the Limits of Government” 比他以前的作品更個人化、更特別,只是順便處理了他一直關注的那種法律問題。在這裡,Fried披上了社會哲學家的外袍,制定了首要原則,考慮了對立的觀點,並嘗試在現實世界中應用。其結果是一份充滿活力、複雜的宣言,儘管有時會因其學術上的過激行為而受到損害。他的成就既展示了他的自由意志主義理想的範圍,也展示了本著自我審視的精神,他們的必要限制。”Modern Liberty … Continue reading
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 讀一瓢酌 Read
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