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Daily Archives: November 26, 2022
Madness: American Protestant Responses to Mental Illness
瘋狂是一種罪過。那些有情感障礙的人會被迴避。精神疾病不是教會的問題。 這三個說法都是錯誤的。 Heather Vacek的書 “Madness: American Protestant Responses to Mental Illness“追溯了美國新教徒對精神疾病的反應歷史,美國精神疾病的故事與宗教故事有著千絲萬縷的聯繫。她通過五位畢生致力於理解和治療精神疾病的“範式新教徒paradigmatic Protestants”的鏡頭追溯了這段歷史:Cotton Mather, Benjamin Rush, Dorothea Dix, Anton Boisen 和 Karl Menninger.。這些數字涵蓋了從十八世紀初到二十世紀末的時期。她揭示了兩種截然不同的力量如何結合起來阻礙基督徒對整個人的關懷。醫學的專業化將基督教權威的範圍限制在私人和精神領域,將治療和護理——包括身體和精神——交給世俗的醫學專家。同樣具有影響力的是,將疾病與罪聯繫起來的神學遺產加深了圍繞患有精神疾病的人的社會污名。新教教會不願讓患者參與,以免它也被協會玷污,心甘情願地將精神疾病患者的護理交給世俗的專業人士。 雖然注意力不集中形成了一般規則,但善意忽視模式的五個歷史例外體現了新教徒努力要求明顯的基督教回應。對殖民地神職人員Cotton Mather、革命時期的醫生本傑明·拉什、19 世紀活動家Dorothea Dix、牧師和病人Anton Boisen以及精神病學家Benjamin Rush的生活和工作進行了仔細檢查,從而描繪出新教關懷的範圍和進展。 Vacek 記錄了新教徒試圖從神學上理解疾病 (Mather),將護理作為基督教職業Christian vocation (Rush),倡導無助者 the helpless (Dix),恢復宗教權威 (Boisen),並為患有精神疾病的人辯護 (Menninger)。 Vacek 的歷史敘述構成了她對當代基督徒對精神疾病患者的關懷和基督徒對精神疾病的理解的神學反思的基礎。通過展示在文書和會眾議程上出現和未出現的事情的嚴重性,Vacek … Continue reading
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