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Daily Archives: February 6, 2023
Free Will Skepticism in Law and Society: Challenging Retributive Justice
“自由意志懷疑論 Free will skepticism”指的是一系列觀點,它們都認真對待人類缺乏行動控制的可能性——即自由意志——代理人真正應該受到責備和表揚、懲罰和獎勵所必需的。 批評者擔心採用這種觀點會對我們的人際關係、社會、道德、意義和法律產生有害後果。 另一方面,樂觀的自由意志懷疑論者的回應是,沒有自由意志和所謂的基本應得道德責任的生活在這些方面不會有害,甚至可能是有益的。 Elizabeth Shaw、Derk Pereboom 和 Gregg D. Caruso 編寫了這本 “Free Will Skepticism in Law and Society: Challenging Retributive Justice”一書,集中討論了一個具有重大哲學和實踐意義的問題——關於自由意志的懷疑論觀點與刑事懲罰之間的關係是什麼? 它為任何發現某種自由意志懷疑主義有吸引力(或令人不安)的人提供了一個極好的新資源,因此感到對我們現代刑事司法系統的報復性正當性的迫在眉睫的威脅。 本書分為三個主要部分。 在第一部分中,Saul Smilansky、Caruso 和 Bruce N. Waller 專注於識別和評估支持某種自由意志懷疑主義的語用含義。 這裡需要對自由意志懷疑論本身的性質進行一些初步的澄清。 雖然我們可以通過多種方式來理解自由意志懷疑論的動機及其最終範圍,但這裡的大多數貢獻者都接受類似於 Pereboom 版本的東西。 對於那些不熟悉這一立場的人來說,這是一種相對謹慎的懷疑論。 根據 … Continue reading
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 讀一瓢酌 Read
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