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Daily Archives: October 15, 2023
A Theory of the Drone
無人機已經在社會流行起來。但在 21 世紀打擊恐怖攻擊的大量技術部署中,獵殺無人機的部署呈指數級增長,這些遠端或自動控制的陸、海或空工具,以至於它們已成為「反恐戰爭」的象徵實在值得深入反思。奇怪的是,儘管它們數量激增,但學術界對它們的關注卻相對較少。一位來自法國里昂的年輕哲學家 Grégoire Chamayou寫的 “A Theory of the Drone” 所倡議,他已經因其先前的著作 “Manhunts: A Philosophical History,2010” 而聞名。他擴展了對這個身份不明的暴力物體的影響的思考,無論是在技術、經濟、法律、犯罪學和道德方面的影響,還是提供了新的閱讀途徑,試圖理解無人機如何徹底改變戰爭,並解構已成為概念和法律地雷的核心的各種敘述。 作者重點關注了攜帶地獄火飛彈 AGM-114 Hellfire fired 的「掠食者 the Predator drone 」無人機的標誌 ( P 141 ),這是 Obama 總統任期內的首選武器,作者讓人想起了將自己從官方軍事精神所特有的所有勇敢和犧牲精神中解放出來的懦夫的武器。 儘管作者致力於假定的道德信念,但他並不尋求爭論,而是為那些想要反對這項政策的人提供論證( P 29 )。因此,我們必須看清這本書的本質,我們可能會發現這本書的框架並不總是連貫的,開放的途徑也沒有得到充分的探索,但無論如何,它總是清晰且讀起來令人興奮,並且正如所提到的珍貴註釋的配對所證明的那樣,內容非常豐富。 英勇犧牲的道德觀現在讓我們感到可憎,並已被至關重要的自我保護道德所取代。為了使這種本質上的懦弱行為得到恢復和重新人性化,軍事美德和英雄主義被用精神術語重新表述。肉體的創傷已經轉化為心靈的創傷。作者喚起了一種 “善殺 kill well” 的新哲學 ,其基礎是帝國對沒有可能互惠的殺戮的合理性,致力於使原本不露面和匿名的暴力行為合法化,催生了一門新學科:“死靈倫理學 necroethics”。透過這種語義攻擊,戰爭變成了和平,並殺死了「人道主義」和道德。。在決定保衛我的受威脅國家(以色列或美國)是合法的之後,我就不再被禁止處決我的敵人,因為 1/我的戰鬥與他們的不同, … Continue reading
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