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Daily Archives: November 17, 2023
Reading Kant’s Lectures
Facebook 這些媒體可算是個八掛埸,各有各的言説:有温柔敦厚的、尖酸刻薄的;有謙虚的、有自以為是的。。。。 正如莊子所言: “夫隨其成心而師之,誰獨且無師乎?奚必知代?而心自取者有之,愚者與有焉!未成乎心而有是非,是今日適越而昔至也。是以無有為有。無有為有,雖有神禹且不能知,吾獨且奈何哉!夫言非吹也,言者有言,其所言者特未定也。果有言邪?其未嘗有言邪?其以為異於鷇音,亦有辯乎?其無辯乎?道惡乎隱而有真偽?言惡乎隱而有是非?道惡乎往而不存?言惡乎存而不可?道隱於小成,言隱於榮華。故有儒墨之是非,以是其所非而非其所是。欲是其所非而非其所是,則莫若以明。”《莊子-齊物論》 這段話正好説明每個人都有一個 “成心”,成心就是是非的一個標準。各有各的是非、各有各的標準。有成心才可以爭論是非,我肯定這個、否定那個;我當然有我的根據。根據甚麽?根據我的成心。為甚麽有此成心?個人的經驗、教育把人訓練至此囉。你的經驗、教育不是如此、你的成心也就不如此。所以 “未成乎心而有是非,是今日適越而昔至也。” 這就有可以討論的問題,哲學問題也就從此而起。 這本 “Reading Kant’s Lectures” 文集收錄了著名 Kant 學者二十多篇原創文章,涵蓋了Kant 教學及其已出版著作的多個面向。 隨著學院版 Kant 講座的不斷出版,他的講座活動的作用越來越受到人們的重視。Kant關於形上學、邏輯學、倫理學、人類學、神學和教育學的一些講座已被翻譯成英文,重要的研究成果也以多種語言出現。但為甚麼要學習這些講座呢? 當根據 Kant 發表的著作進行閱讀時,這些講座提供了 Kant 哲學發展的新視角,澄清了已發表文本中的觀點 ,未經審查地考慮了其中的主題,並更詳細地描述了知識背景。而且講座往往比出版的作品更容易被讀者接受。 本書討論了 Kant 演講活動的所有領域。有些文章甚至詳細分析了 Kant 課程的內容以及Baumgarten 等主要作者撰寫的教科書的作用,幫助我們在其思想和歷史背景下理解 Kant 的思想。 xxxxxxxxxx 如今,專業哲學家在大學任教已是司空見慣,但情況當然並非總是如此。在 “西方” 高等教育機構教授哲學的實踐有著悠久的歷史,至少可以追溯到 Plato’s Academy 和 … Continue reading
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