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Daily Archives: April 28, 2024
The Address of the Eye: A Phenomenology of Film Experience
電影是一種感性的對象,而在我們面前它也成為一種可感測的、肉欲的、有意義主題的建構的主體, “電影必須用生活本身來表達生活”,因此電影有一種作為意向主體的機構 ,就像它是意向客體一樣。 因此,Vivian Sobchack 在挑戰當前電影理論的基本假設時提出了這樣的觀點,這些假設將電影簡化為視覺對象,將觀眾簡化為確定性電影裝置的犧牲者。 作者堅持認為這些前提忽略了觀眾和電影的物質和文化歷史情境,因此提出了一個激進的建議,即電影體驗取決於兩個「觀者」的觀看:旁觀者和電影,每個人都作為主體和電影而存在。 Sobchack 借鑒存在主義和符號現象學,特別是 Merleau-Ponty 的著作,展示了電影體驗如何提供對可逆的、辯證的和可逆的事物的經驗洞察。象徵著這種具體願景的本質,我們每個人每天都以 “我的 mine” 和 “他人的 another’s” 的身份生活。在解釋電影的可理解性和意義的嘗試中,Sobchack 探索了人類在歷史和文化範圍內選擇和表達自由的可能性。 xxxxxxxxxx 感知和表達是存在於世界的經驗中的一部分,是主體和客體相互、主體間和主體內相互作用的一種相關結構,構成了意義,即使意義是存在於世界的基本要素。 這種可逆性稱為交叉,這是電影體驗所預設的動態。 Jean Mitry 堅持認為,“電影必須用生活本身來表達生活”,因此電影有一種作為意向主體的機構,就像它是意向客體一樣 (The Aesthetics and Psychology of the Cinema-Indiana University Press (1997))。 它使用與在世界中直接經驗中操作的結構相同的結構。 我們的意識調解經驗,不再使其直接,而是在括號和還原之後(透過詮釋學)創造意義的可能性。 所有這些經驗行為進一步需要並預設了身體存在所創造的化身經驗。 電影體驗的運作假設有一個共享的世界、存在於世界中的共同經驗基礎以及關於存在於世界如何透過表達和感知來表現自身的合作,從而創造出一種交流行為。 交流結構從根本上透過存在結構出現,這些結構在括號和還原的多步驟過程結束時變得明顯。 一旦先入為主的想法、預設和聯想被括起來,我們就為現象提供了公平的競爭環境,將每個元素減少到平等的經驗基礎上,避免將各種元素分層的傾向,以便讓現像在其結構中具有自由度讓我們的意識對其進行「遊戲」。 … Continue reading
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 讀一瓢酌 Read
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