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Daily Archives: May 25, 2015
Niall Ferguson在清華大學的一切演講
這恰恰好是中國所缺乏的…… Niall Ferguson在清華大學的一切演講: 「我这时候重复说,“我说,世界历史上出现的东西方经济上的差异是由六种手机应用软件(apps)造成的。” 我想说的是,六种 “法律”、“制度”、“政策” ,你想叫它们什么都行,有这么六个事物使西方在经济史上超越了东方。它们和你手机上的软件类似。你打开一个软件时,触碰一个按钮时,脑子里并不会去考虑按钮背后的软件系统是多么复杂。同样的,“法律”、“制度”、 “政策”这些词听上去很简单,但它们的背后有非常繁杂的设计,背景和种种历史渊源。所以我不希望你们觉得我的观点肤浅,听起来简单,但不一定肤浅。 所以,这六个“杀手级应用”是什么?西方文明的关键软件是什么?它们是怎么运行的?它们怎么能解释西方在经济上的繁荣? 第一个应用是:竞争。西方将政治和经济上的竞争合法化了。 第二个应用是:科学革命。17世纪科学的革命改变了西方人对自然界的理解。 第三个应用是:法律治国。保护个人财产的法律:不是什么随意的法律而是具体的保护维护个人财产的法律。 第四个应用是:现代医学。 第五个应用是:一个围绕消费的社会。 第六个应用是:敬业精神。 我想向你们说的是,这六个因素共同造成了西方经济上在历史上与东方出现的差别。我想说的是,这六个因素比帝国主义霸权,比地理,比具体国家的文化,比种族更好地解释了西方经济上的繁荣。」 讲稿 | 尼尔·弗格森:导致东西方经济差距的六个“app” | 小鸡吃米 http://xiaojichimi.com/topics/74680.html
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