世界充滿奧祕,人在其中努力尋求真相。從神話、用神話開始,努力地去揭示、去解釋這個世界……漸漸形成了各種知識、開發了各種知識。西方文化將知識建立在實証的基礎上,自亞里斯多德開始亦漸見各學科的建立,即使到了黑格爾幾乎統攝了所有人類知識學科,其《精神現象學》一書仍以科學作為嚴格學科的典範來建立其哲學系統。
哲學,傳統上理解為對普遍真理的尋求,而作為哲學家的個人應該超越自己的文化限制來尋求這種普遍性真理。作為馬克斯主義者的Badiuo以數學理論來建立其哲學系統,寫了”Being and events”, “Logics of worlds”建構了一套數學存有論來解釋世界。但在今天社會似乎已懷疑哲學家尋求普遍思維的能力,而往往在理念上尋求一種文化的相對主義。因為在哲學歷史的發展中確有哲學家不以追求思想的普遍性來作為自身的目標,而反而以其自身生活為出發點,來審視提出從生活、物質力量、社會實踐、個人的激情、經驗等所呈現的普遍性。尤其在齊克果到德里達、尼采到班雅明,這些思想工作者在其生活與行動的思想在再呈現、充滿了有關焦慮、活力、搖頭丸、禮品、革命、歡樂……等等的問題上、並進而對這些問題的轉變的分析。在這種意義上,Badiuo是否因而不能忽視那非哲學的論述方向而寫了《維根斯坦~反哲學》,《聖保羅~普世主義》,《尼采~反哲學》等書呢?但即使如此他仍為法國非哲學(non philosophy)的建立者francois laruelle寫了本”Anti Badiou”來批評他。
誠然人類行為的難以預測性困擾了多少有識之士,以人類種種行為研究開拓出的經濟學、社會學……亦以、或企圖以科學的嚴格性來述說人類世界。但人類行為就象量子力學的測不準原理所描述的粒子行為般難以預測。難怪齊澤克的”Less than nothing”亦以黑格爾哲學為基礎重述、建構唯物辨證法,甚至在全書的結論部分也浸入了量子力學來論述了……
香港金融評論員許沂光以黑子理論來解釋金融市場,作為一種「準科學」的解釋系統來說也未尚不可。不竟正如上述所言,人類、及其所衍生出的各種行為,其難以預計、難以述說也可想一二了。所以在中國傳統中的紫微斗數、子平八字不也以「統計資料」歸納了人類生年月日時來預測人類個體的各種可能一生嗎?發展至今朱鵲橋、羅量等所創立的聚賢館更出版了無數這方面的術數、奇門遁甲的書,用之於解釋個人命運外、更用之於解釋家國興衰……
但何種解釋系統才是最有效?最令人信服的呢?……相信無論怎樣都好,一個解釋系統的有效性仍須建基於鞏固的邏輯基礎、及其解釋力的普遍有效性上。
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