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Daily Archives: May 25, 2022
Freedom to Fail: Heidegger’s Anarchy
Martin Heidegger被廣泛認為是二十世紀最有影響力的哲學家之一,他的開創性著作《存在與時間》被認為是當代哲學中最重要的著作之一。然而,由於他與納粹政權的關係、未能批評其種族滅絕政治以及隨後對大屠殺保持沉默,他的名字也陷入了爭議。 現在,按照Heidegger的意願,為了完成他的多卷全集的出版,他極具爭議的秘密“Black Notebooks”已經向公眾發布。這些筆記本揭示了Heidegger的“個人納粹主義”在多大程度上既不是偶然的也不是機會主義的,而是他的哲學精神的一部分。那麼,為什麼Heidegger非但沒有摧毀它們,還允許出版這些包含這種極端思想例子的筆記本呢? 在這本”Freedom to Fail: Heidegger’s Anarchy“具有啟發性的作品中,Heidegger德文全集的編輯Peter Trawny直面這些問題,並通過對他的理論著作的引人入勝的研究,表明Heidegger致力於一種只受制於判斷的自由概念存在的歷史;也就是說,自由意味著從一個人的時代的偏見、規範或習俗中解脫出來。 任何認為自由存在的真理的人都將自己暴露在時代錯誤的危險中。出於這個原因,Heidegger決定出版他的筆記本,包括其中的反猶太段落,是對這種無政府主義自由的一種運用。 在廣泛討論Heidegger關於真理、倫理、存在的真理、悲劇的觀點以及他與Nietzsche和Schmitt等其他人物的關係的過程中,Trawny提供了一個令人信服的論據,解釋了為什麼Heidegger想要在他的“Black Notebooks”中使用爆炸性材料即將出版的筆記本,同時也提供對Heidegger作品的原創性和挑釁性的解釋。
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 讀一瓢酌 Read
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