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Daily Archives: June 10, 2022
Kant and the Meaning of Religion: The Critical Philosophy and Modern Religious Thought
某種程度/視角上說:一個怎樣精進的人,一旦他走進了信仰之中……一切也就完(成(?))了。沒有什麼可以再進一步。他要與人談信仰?你只可以附和、順從、甚至予以讚美,在其中沒有客觀,只有一個空洞的信仰。何以如此?人於信仰中會認為得到救贖。他認為這救贖等於一切、等於整個宇宙。在其內沒有其他、其外亦沒有其他,超越一切善惡。人世間的善惡準則盪然無存。在信仰的名譽下,一切都是可犧牲的。正如以色列可以無視加沙的苦而殺戮。人類的存在、或人類個體的存在超越一切,一切都是可犧牲、可放棄……為的只是生存。一種自以為內在滿足、完善的存在。即使外在世界、宇宙已成癈墟、空無…… 但當我們對信仰進行批判性的反思時,情況是否可能不同? 在Immanuel Kant所處的時代,信仰仍然是社會的重中之重。那時Kant的作品,尤其是三大批判更是教會的禁書。但經Kant洗禮後情況情況却有改變了。可以説沒有Immanuel Kant,可能就沒有“宗教哲學”這一現代學科。 Kant的巨大影響力確保了哲學家們在解決宗教問題時,將注意力集中在諸如支持和反對上帝存在的論據上;不朽的問題;人類邪惡與超然善良的相容性;以及道德與神性之間的關係。 許多書籍已經探討了Kant影響的本質。但Terry F. Godlove的” Kant and the Meaning of Religion: The Critical Philosophy and Modern Religious Thought“這本更進一步。它認為康德的理論哲學,也稱為“批判哲學”,所包含的資源不僅對基督教或僅與一神論及其信仰有關的哲學問題具有更廣泛的影響。對 Terry F Godlove 來說,Ksnt的洞見更深入,正確應用可以幫助我們恢復對宗教思想及其挑戰的一般研究的理解。 因此,Godlove繞過了通常被認為是“康德的宗教哲學”,轉而關注更基本的問題:例如,Kant對經驗的解釋,以及他關於人類對不完整和有限概念的感知仍然可以產生真正知識的論點和洞察力。 ” Kant and the Meaning of Religion”是當代主要宗教哲學家通過對Kant所謂的“人性化工程”的持續反思,重新定義和重塑自己學科輪廓的一次微妙而深刻的嘗試。
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