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Daily Archives: June 15, 2022
A matter of interpretation: federal courts and the law: an essay
一個支持原教旨主義的政治論証的一部法律作品:‘’A matter of interpretation: federal courts and the law: an essay‘’這本書本質上是散文集,作者Antonin Scalia與四位著名同事之間的對話形式而寫成:歷史學家historian Gordon Wood及法律學者Laurence Tribe, Mary Ann Glendon, and Ronald Dworkin。其中 46 頁是 Scalia 的主要文章,另外 12 頁是對評論的回應。評論本身平均每位作者大約 20 頁。 在這本可能是近代最重要和最及時的法律著作中,Scalia大法官瞄準了司法立法的衰弱疾病,並對文本主義和原始主義這兩個他自己的法學支柱進行了有力的解釋和辯護。他以他標誌性的邏輯才華,以令人信服、簡潔、易懂的方式做到了這一點。雖然‘’A matter of interpretation‘’肯定是針對法律界的,外行可能會覺得有些概念很深奧,但任何對政治學或憲政有濃厚興趣的人都會發現這本書非常豐富。 Scalia文章的癥結在於,那些根據他們認為法律應該是什麼而不是實際上是什麼來“解釋”法定和憲法文本的法官正在篡奪立法機關並破壞我們的憲法政府形式和我們的著名美國理想是“法治政府,而不是人的政府”。不幸的是,由於法律教育的不足,這些法官已經佔據了主導地位,並且經常歪曲或完全忽視法律文本,以達到他們認為從政策角度來看可取的結果。對於 Scalia 的前提的外部驗證,只需看看最高法院提名人 Sonya Sotomayor,她一再表達了法官的工作是製定政策這一令人不安的觀點 為了應對這種腐蝕性的流行病,Scalia指出文本主義(textualism)和原教旨主義是靈丹妙藥。Scalia獨特的文本主義品牌——制定法律的無可指責的哲學必須與文本本身一致地解釋——其定義的原則是,文本不應被嚴格或寬鬆地解釋,而是“合理地包含它們公平意味著的一切。 “類似地,Scalia的原教旨主義形式(原意,與原意相反)認為,憲法規定應根據在該規定被批准時生活的理性人所理解的含義來解釋。在文本主義將司法解釋與文本聯繫起來的情況下,原意將文本的解釋與製定的時間段聯繫起來。出於各種原因,這很有意義,即只有文本才是法律,只有暫時固定的解釋才能反映制定法律並為生活在法律下的公民提供任何真正保護的立法機構的意願. … Continue reading
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