Archives
- January 2025 (3)
- December 2024 (5)
- November 2024 (4)
- October 2024 (5)
- September 2024 (6)
- August 2024 (5)
- July 2024 (6)
- June 2024 (6)
- May 2024 (9)
- April 2024 (8)
- March 2024 (9)
- February 2024 (6)
- January 2024 (6)
- December 2023 (2)
- November 2023 (5)
- October 2023 (11)
- September 2023 (13)
- August 2023 (13)
- July 2023 (19)
- June 2023 (19)
- May 2023 (20)
- April 2023 (22)
- March 2023 (23)
- February 2023 (22)
- January 2023 (28)
- December 2022 (25)
- November 2022 (18)
- October 2022 (22)
- September 2022 (26)
- August 2022 (30)
- July 2022 (33)
- June 2022 (22)
- May 2022 (30)
- April 2022 (28)
- March 2022 (29)
- February 2022 (15)
- January 2022 (4)
- December 2021 (4)
- November 2021 (1)
- October 2021 (2)
- September 2021 (2)
- August 2021 (6)
- July 2021 (9)
- May 2021 (8)
- April 2021 (15)
- March 2021 (7)
- January 2021 (5)
- October 2020 (5)
- September 2020 (10)
- August 2020 (1)
- July 2020 (2)
- June 2020 (3)
- April 2020 (1)
- March 2020 (1)
- February 2020 (1)
- January 2020 (4)
- December 2019 (1)
- August 2019 (1)
- October 2018 (2)
- September 2018 (3)
- August 2018 (2)
- July 2018 (1)
- April 2018 (1)
- March 2018 (2)
- February 2018 (1)
- December 2017 (3)
- November 2017 (1)
- October 2017 (3)
- September 2017 (2)
- August 2017 (6)
- June 2017 (1)
- May 2017 (3)
- April 2017 (2)
- March 2017 (6)
- February 2017 (8)
- January 2017 (5)
- December 2016 (7)
- November 2016 (7)
- October 2016 (2)
- September 2016 (5)
- August 2016 (4)
- July 2016 (2)
- June 2016 (22)
- May 2016 (17)
- April 2016 (13)
- March 2016 (13)
- February 2016 (16)
- January 2016 (13)
- December 2015 (27)
- November 2015 (42)
- October 2015 (40)
- September 2015 (49)
- August 2015 (43)
- July 2015 (28)
- June 2015 (38)
- May 2015 (46)
- April 2015 (67)
- March 2015 (49)
- February 2015 (28)
- January 2015 (20)
- December 2014 (23)
- November 2014 (18)
- October 2014 (20)
- September 2014 (30)
- August 2014 (28)
- July 2014 (24)
- June 2014 (25)
- May 2014 (12)
- April 2014 (8)
- March 2014 (13)
- February 2014 (5)
- January 2014 (2)
- December 2013 (7)
- November 2013 (11)
- October 2013 (25)
- September 2013 (30)
- August 2013 (34)
- July 2013 (33)
- June 2013 (46)
- May 2013 (47)
- April 2013 (4)
- March 2013 (3)
- March 2011 (1)
- December 2008 (1)
- November 2008 (1)
- July 2008 (3)
- April 2008 (3)
- February 2008 (1)
- December 2007 (3)
- November 2007 (2)
- October 2007 (5)
- September 2007 (3)
- August 2007 (3)
- July 2007 (2)
- June 2007 (1)
- May 2007 (2)
- April 2007 (4)
- March 2007 (23)
- February 2007 (4)
- January 2007 (6)
- December 2006 (2)
- October 2006 (1)
- June 2006 (1)
- April 2005 (1)
- July 2003 (1)
- April 2003 (1)
- April 2002 (1)
- February 2001 (1)
- November 2000 (1)
- April 2000 (1)
- October 1999 (1)
- September 1999 (2)
- June 1999 (1)
- May 1999 (3)
- March 1999 (1)
- October 1998 (1)
- August 1998 (1)
- July 1998 (2)
- May 1998 (4)
- April 1998 (4)
- February 1998 (1)
- December 1997 (2)
- November 1997 (1)
- October 1997 (2)
- September 1997 (2)
- July 1997 (4)
- June 1997 (2)
- May 1997 (1)
- April 1997 (1)
- March 1997 (1)
- December 1996 (1)
- May 1996 (1)
Categories
- 念一瓢酌 Memory (28)
- 思一瓢酌 Thinking (1,003)
- 混沌一瓢酌 chaos (284)
- 獨語一瓢酌 soliloquy (441)
- 生一瓢酌 Life (223)
- 讀一瓢酌 Read (1,014)
- 遊一瓢酌 Traveling (47)
- 饒舌一瓢酌 Rapping (244)
Meta
Author Said Something
Daily Archives: April 10, 2023
Nihil Unbound: Enlightenment and Extinction
成、住、壞、空,周而復始;一切起自無明而歸於空。這大柢是佛對世界的一個說明。無論好壞、善惡。。。一切終歸於虚空;而虛空宇宙沒有智靈也沒有佛法。大柢,有情世間善惡總是共存。小說、故事中如是、電影、武俠世界中亦如是 ,都有惡棍、大反派。 不妨又看看 DC、Marvel 中的世界,超級英雄的故事之所以有趣,不是因為英雄的道德正直美德,而是因為惡棍提出的對這些美德的批評。但並非所有惡棍都是一樣的——有些人只想要生活中簡單的東西(金錢、權力、愛情),而另一些人則將惡棍作為一種治療方式。除了這些惡棍之外,還有一種特殊的類型——大反派。大反派不僅是英雄的翻版,而且,雖然英雄建立了道德公理系統,但大反派卻通過削弱它的弱點和裂縫來破壞它,並以矛盾,不一致,悖論的詭計為樂。大反派的目的不僅僅是毀滅世界,更具體地說是在世界被毀滅時出現,以見證世界的終結——或者,在一種倒置的紀念館中,見證一個在世界的中心的虛無創造。許多科幻小說也描繪了這個問題,但也可以在一神論傳統的世界末日敘事的悠久傳統中看到(這裡的問題通常通過擁有上帝來解決履行大反派見證世界末日的角色)。大反派就是這種基本困境的例證,這實際上是一個哲學問題:如何在不被殲滅的情況下實現全殲。或者,換句話說:如何在思想完全滅絕的情況下思考。 這個問題是 Ray Brassier 的 “Nihil Unbound: Enlightenment and Extinction” 的核心。Brassier 這本書的優勢在於,繼Nietzsche、Sartre和後現代主義之後,將虛無主義問題重新定義為一個哲學問題。雖然虛無主義經常被認為是對一個沒有意義的世界的幻滅,而且對我們來說沒有意義,但它也可以被視為思想本身得出其邏輯結論的頂峰。如果虛無主義對 Nietzsche 和 Sartre 來說是某種需要克服的東西(要么通過對所有價值的重估,要么通過一種新的主體理論),對於我們當時代的Brassier虛無主義來說,則是不同的東西。與 匿名Anonymous、悲傷Griefing 或 人類自願滅絕Voluntary Human Extinction 運動等團體相關的虛無主義在今天意味著甚麼?在 Brassier 看來,虛無主義不是可以還原為心理學的東西,也不是處於危機中的主體對其自身主體性的怨恨。這也不是理性滿足於語言遊戲的妥協和能指的自由發揮, 那種未能充分理解和發現世界意義的症狀。對於 Brassier 來說,虛無主義是“現實主義者堅信存在一個獨立于心靈的現實,這是不可避免的必然結果,儘管有人類自戀的假設,但它對我們的存在漠不關心,並且忘記了我們將覆蓋它的 ‘價值 values’和 ‘意義 meanings’ 讓它更熱情好客”(p xi)。虛無主義之所以有趣,恰恰是因為它提出了思考與生活、主體與世界之間根本不可通約性的問題。 我們面臨甚至是 “宇宙 … Continue reading
Posted in 思一瓢酌 Thinking, 讀一瓢酌 Read
Leave a comment